(;SZ[19]C[Kogo's Joseki Dictionary
Var 1: 3-3
Var 2: 3-4
Var 3: 4-4
Var 4: 5-3
Var 5: 5-4
Var 6: 6-3
Var 7: 6-4
Var 8: 5-5

Choosing a joseki:
Since josekis work effectively in a certain direction, examine positions at adjacent corners and sides before choosing a joseki. The opposite corner matters only if a ladder is involved. Some guidelines:
1. Have support for a fight - A high position provides support, a low position does not.
2. Take the side with most value -
2a. A juncture point for both sides is of great value.
2b. A side where making territory is uncertain is of little value.
3. Consider strategic balance.]GN[Kogo's Joseki Dictionary
]GC[No commercial distribution without permission. 

Contact kogo@waterfire.us. Updates available at: http://waterfire.us/joseki.htm.

Copyright 1998-2003 by Gary Odom. Portions copyright 2000-2001 by Stefan Verstraeten. 
]DT[2003.09.30]
(;B[qc]AE[jd][jc][nl]LB[pd:a][oc:b][nd:c][od:d][nc:e][pc:f]N[san-san (3-3 point)]C[The san-san (3-3) point, emphasizing territory at the expense of influence (especially following an approach at 'a'). 

All joseki for the 3-3 point are relatively simple.

White approaches are 'a' to 'c'. White 'b' to 'e' are played when the top side is favored (such as an extension).]
(;W[pd]LB[qd:a][oc:b][ob:c]N[katatsuki (shoulder hit) (a)]C[The shoulder-hit is the traditional answer to the 3-3.

The direction of Black 3 depends on the positions on the side.

Crawling once may be the premise for a follow-up move of sliding with a knight's move in the opposite direction. If Black plays 3 at 'a' (to the right), the follow-on knight's move is then played at the top. Black's knight's move reduces territory potential on the side it is played. 

Given a White stone at top, White 2 would be a mistake. In such a case, White should have played an extension from that stone, rather than White 2.

Black joseki continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' show a special strategy.

For variations of Black playing elsewhere, see variation 3-5.]
(;B[qd]LB[pe:a][pf:b][pc:c]AE[jc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[pe]LB[ob:a][pc:b][qf:c][qe:d][oc:e][nc:f][dp:g]N[nobi (extension) (a)]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' is seen occasionally in amateur games.

Black 'a' and 'b' favor the top, while Black 'c' (and 'd') emphasize the right side (to the potential sacrifice of giving White thickness at the top).

Black 'e' and 'f' are not recommended.

Black 'g' shows Black playing elsewhere.

g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

]
(;B[ob]LB[md:a][qe:b][nc:c][pj:d][dp:e]N[keima (knight's move) (a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake, as White's stones are disconnected.

White 'd' shows a special strategy.

White 'e' shows White playing elsewhere.]
(;W[md]LB[rf:a][nd:b][qf:c][dp:d]N[niken-tobi (1-space jump) (a)]C[
Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. 'b' and 'c' are played if Black wants to emphasize the top.

Black may also play elsewhere ('d').]
(;B[rf]N[right side (a)];W[ph])
(;B[nd]N[top (b)];W[ne];B[nc];W[me];B[lc];W[qe])
(;B[qf]N[(c)]LB[qe:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[re];W[rf];B[rg];W[pf];B[qg];W[pc];B[pb];W[rd];B[sf];W[qb];B[rc];W[rb]
;B[sd];W[nb];B[nc];W[mb];B[oc];W[nd])
(;W[og]N[(b)]LB[qg:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or plays elsewhere.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[tenuki (b)];W[qg];B[rf])))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (d)];W[qe]LB[nd:a][nc:b][dp:c]C[Black continues locally with 'a' or 'b'. Black may also play elsewhere ('c').]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[ne];B[nc];W[mf];B[le];W[me];B[lc];W[ld];B[kc])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[nd];B[lc])
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (c)]LB[nc:a][mb:b]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[oc];W[od];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[re];B[rb])
(;W[mb]N[(b)];B[re];W[rf];B[rd]))))
(;W[qe]N[White top (b)]LB[nd:a][pi:b][dp:c]C[White emphasizes the top with 6.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

'c' shows continuation when Black plays elsewhere.]
(;B[nd]LB[qi:a][nc:b][ne:c]C[Black 7 is absolutely necessary. 

White continues with 'a'. White 'b', an amateur innovation, is a trick play. White 'c' is also possible.]N[(a)]
(;W[qi]N[3-space extension (a)])
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is a trick play.]N[trick (b)];B[oc];W[mc];B[od];W[qi]C[Now Black may harass the two White stones, or play elsewhere.])
(;W[ne]N[(c)];B[me]LB[mf:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mf]LB[le:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[ng])
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[ng];B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[og];B[mg];W[lf];B[mh];W[le];B[nc];W[pj];B[kh]
))
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[ld])))
(;B[pi]N[(b)]LB[md:a][qk:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[md]N[(a)])
(;W[qk]C[White 8 works with support in the lower right corner.]N[(b)];B[nd];W[pg];B[pk];W[qj];B[pj];W[qi];B[pl]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (c)];W[nc];B[oc];W[ne];B[nd]))
(;W[nc]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[qe]LB[qf:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[hane (a)];B[pf]C[Black 9 works however White decides to continue owing to White 6 lacking sufficient connection to White 2,4.];W[qg]C[A likely continuation by White.];B[oc];W[nd];B[od]LB[of:a][oe:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[oe]LB[pg:a][ne:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. Black has a large corner and is out in the center, while White has splintered groups.])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[ne]LB[nf:a][of:b]C[Black must cut at 15. White may try 'a' or 'b'. Either way, Black takes the two White stones at top or White suffers for trying to save them.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[me];W[of];B[mc])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[me]LB[lc:a][ld:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b' to save the two top stones. Both leave White at a loss.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[ld]LB[mc:a][mb:b][kc:c]C[Black's aim is 'a'. White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' does not work.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[kc];W[kd];B[ke];W[kb];B[jd];W[jc];B[kd];W[ic])
(;W[mb]LB[mc:a][kd:b][kc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[kc];W[md];B[ke];W[kb];B[jc])
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[kc];B[jc];W[jb];B[ic];W[ib];B[hc])
(;B[kc];W[kd];B[mc];W[md];B[le];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[nb];W[mc];B[ma];W[lb];B[ic]
))
(;W[kc]C[White 20 is a mistake, leading to a snapback capture.]N[mistake (c)];B[mc];W[mb];B[nb];W[md];B[mc]))
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[md];W[mc];B[lc]C[White cannot save the three stones.]))))
(;W[pg]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (b)];B[qf]))
(;W[pj]N[(d)]LB[qe:a][qf:b]C[White 6 puts emphasis on the lower right.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[qf];W[pg])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[pf];B[qg];W[pg];B[ph];W[qe];B[re];W[qh];B[oh];W[pc];B[pb];W[rd];B[rf]
;W[rc];B[qb];W[qi];B[rh];W[me]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (e)];B[nd];W[ph];B[pj];W[ne];B[me];W[mf];B[nf];W[ng];B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[nj]
;B[om];W[mg];B[ke]))
(;B[pc]LB[nd:a][qe:b][oc:c][md:d]C[Kitani Minoru invariably played this way.  Black 5 is thicker than the knight's move, but White also gets good shape. 'a' is joseki; 'b' and 'c' are not. White 'd' is an overplay.]N[magari (turn) (b)]
(;W[nd]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (a)];B[oc]LB[mf:a][nc:b][le:c][me:d][ne:e]C[White continues with 'a', 'c' or 'd'. White 'b' is unreasonable without the preparation move at 'c'. White 'e' avoids probes, but is not efficient shape.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)]LB[mc:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)]LB[qe:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Variation 'b' shows White playing elsewhere.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[md]LB[me:a][jd:b]C[White plays 'a' to emphasize influence and get sente. With White 'b', White sacrifices for influence.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[kd])
(;W[jd]C[White is prepared to sacrifice for influence.]N[(b)];B[nf];W[ng];B[of];W[me];B[ne];W[og];B[pf];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[rf]
;W[ke])))
(;B[qf]N[(b)]LB[nc:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. 'b' shows White playing elsewhere.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[pf]LB[nc:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[og];W[nf];B[ph]))))
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[od];W[oe];B[ne]C[White is cut in two. Black has a secure corner and better prospects in the fight ahead.])
(;W[le]N[(c)]LB[qf:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[nc])
(;B[nc]N[(b)]LB[qe:a][nf:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[md];W[me];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[nf])
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[qf];W[lc];B[od];W[oe];B[md];W[ld];B[ne];W[me])
(;W[md];B[nf];W[ne];B[qf])))
(;W[me]N[(d)];B[nf];W[ne];B[qf])
(;W[ne]C[White 'e' avoids probing moves by Black, but is not otherwise efficient shape.]N[(e)];B[qf]))
(;W[qe]N[not good (b)];B[od];W[oe];B[nd];W[qi];B[jc])
(;W[oc]LB[nc:a][ob:b][qf:c][od:d]N[not good (c)]C[White 6 is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is submissive.

Black 'c' or 'd' are playable if Black wants the right side (and abandon the top).

]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[ob];B[od]LB[nd:a][nb:b]C[White plays 'a' if the ladder to capture Black 9 is unfavorable, and 'b' if the ladder is favorable.]
(;W[nd]C[White plays this way when the ladder is unfavorable.]N[Black ladder (a)];B[oe]LB[mc:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is something of a trick play; a ladder is involved.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[ne];W[md];B[pf])
(;W[pf]N[(b)]LB[ne:a][nb:b]C[Black plays 'a' if the Black stones can be caught in a ladder, or can play 'b' if not.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[jb];B[kb];W[ka];B[jc];W[ib];B[pb]
;W[qe];B[re];W[rf];B[sd])
(;B[nb]N[Black ladder (b)]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.];W[of];B[ne]LB[md:a][nf:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are the unpleasant alternatives.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[mf])
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[me]))))
(;W[nb]C[White plays this way when the ladder is favorable.]N[White ladder (b)];B[mc]LB[nd:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[oe];W[md]LB[pf:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' gives White superior thickness.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[lc])
(;B[mb]C[Black 15 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[lc];B[lb];W[kb];B[kc];W[ld];B[jb];W[of];B[ne];W[ka];B[ja];W[kd]
;B[pb];W[nf];B[me];W[lf];B[pf];W[qe];B[oa];W[mf];B[na];W[le];B[oc];W[pg];B[jc]
;W[qf]))
(;W[mb]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[lc]LB[lb:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' compounds the mistake.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)];B[qe]LB[kc:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[me])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[nd];W[kc];B[qf];W[nf];B[kd];W[jd];B[ke];W[je];B[kf];W[oh];B[jf];W[qg]
;B[rg];W[qh]))
(;W[qe]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[lb]C[White's four stones are lost.]))))
(;B[ob]C[Black 7, crawling along the second line, is weak.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[qf];W[og];B[qg])
(;B[qf]N[(c)];W[ob]LB[qg:a][pf:b]C[Black plays simply with 'a', or pushes with 'b'.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[ne])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[of];B[og];W[nf];B[ng];W[mf];B[qe];W[mg]))
(;B[od]N[(d)];W[nc]LB[qf:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pf];B[pg]LB[ne:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[qe])
(;W[qe]C[White 12 is a fatal mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[rf];B[qg];W[rd];B[se];W[sd];B[of];W[sf];B[re];W[se];B[oe]
;W[re];B[rc];W[rh];B[rg];W[sg];B[sc];W[sh];B[qi];W[ri];B[rj]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[pf];W[oe];B[qe];W[of];B[ld];W[kd];B[lf];W[ke]
;B[mg];W[pg];B[qf];W[oh])))
(;W[md]LB[qf:a][mb:b]C[White 6 is an overplay. Depending on the side of value, Black continues with 'a' or 'b' locally, or plays elsewhere.]N[overplay (d)]))
(;B[qf]LB[pc:a][qe:b][og:c][dp:d]N[ikken tobi (c)]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. White 'c' is premature.

White 'd' shows continuation if White plays elsewhere.]
(;W[pc]LB[qe:a][pf:b][qg:c][qb:d]C[Black possibilities are 'a' to 'd'. Black 'a' is solid, and recommended. Black 'b' provokes White 'a', a rather unnecessary provocation. Black 'c' has no advantage over 'a'. Black 'd' is recommended only if the right side has no promise for Black, and 'd' could be sente (because the top has value).]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[kc]LB[og:a][pj:b][qj:c]C[Black may play elsewhere, or locally at 'a', or around 'b' or 'c'.]
(;B[og]C[Black 9 is one local possibility, depending on support in the lower right.]N[(a)])
(;B[pj]C[Black 9 is high, a nice extension from Black 5, but a bit thin.]N[(b)])
(;B[qj]C[Black 9 is low, but may make sense strategically.]N[(c)]))
(;B[pf]N[(b)]LB[qe:a][of:b]C[Black 7 provokes White to cut.

White continues with 'a', or shows restraint with 'b', depending on support towards the top-left.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[re]LB[rd:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[rc];W[rf];B[sd]LB[of:a][rg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[rg])
(;W[rg]C[White 14 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[md];B[qh];W[rh];B[qi];W[ri];B[qj]))
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[rd];W[rg];B[pb];W[ob];B[qb]LB[oc:a][nc:b][nd:c][of:d]C[White 'a' is solid. White 'b' and 'c' are also possible. White 'd', threatening to capture the two Black stones, is an overplay.]
(;W[oc]LB[of:a][og:b]C[Black runs with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;W[nc]LB[of:a][og:b]C[Black runs with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;W[nd]LB[of:a][og:b]C[Black runs with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;W[of]C[White 16 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (d)];B[nb]LB[oc:a][oa:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' only compounds the mistake.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[oa])
(;W[oa]N[mistake (b)]C[White 18 is a mistake.];B[oc]LB[nc:a][od:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[od];W[oe];B[nd])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[nc])))))
(;W[of]C[White 8 may be a reasonable strategy if White has support at top, but otherwise the outcome favors Black.]N[(b)];B[og];W[ng];B[oh];W[nf];B[qe]))
(;B[qg]N[(c)])
(;B[qb]N[(d)];W[pf];B[qg]))
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[re]LB[pc:a][rf:b][rd:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)]LB[qb:a][rg:b][qg:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[og]LB[qg:a][qh:b]C[White later aims at 'a'. Black may play 'a' or 'b' to forestall this, or play elsewhere.];B[qg];W[ld])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[pf];B[pg];W[og];B[ph];W[jd])
(;B[qg]C[Black 9 leaves undesirable aji.]N[not good (c)];W[rf];B[rd];W[kc]))
(;W[rf]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rg];W[rd];B[sf];W[rc];B[rb];W[qb];B[pc]LB[sb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake, as it puts unnecessary pressure on the three White outside stones.]
(;W[sb]N[(a)];B[pb];W[ra];B[sd])
(;W[pb]C[White 16 is a mistake, as crawling along the second line usually is.]N[mistake (b)];B[oc];W[sb];B[sd];W[ra];B[nd]))
(;W[rd]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[rf]LB[pc:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[rc])
(;W[rc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[pb];W[pc];B[qb];W[ob];B[rb])))
(;W[og]C[White 6 is too loose, as White is left open at the top.]N[not good (c)];B[qg];W[pc];B[nd]C[Black 9 spoils White's attempt at thickness.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[tenuki (d)];B[pf];W[md];B[pc]))
(;B[qe]N[nobi (crawl) (d)]LB[pc:a][pf:b][pg:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.

White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[pc]LB[pb:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pb]N[low (a)];W[ob];B[qb];W[pf])
(;B[pf]N[high (b)];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[qg]LB[ld:a][kd:b]C[Next, White extends to 'a' or 'b'.]))
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[pc]LB[nd:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nd];B[oc];W[mf])
(;W[oc]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[nd])
(;B[ob]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[lc];B[qg];W[oh];B[qh]MA[qf]C[Black 15 avoids weakness at the marked intrusion point.])))
(;W[pg]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[pf];W[of];B[qf];W[og]LB[nd:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[ne];B[pc];W[md];B[me])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[ne];B[od];W[nd];B[oc];W[nc];B[ob];W[qg])))
(;B[oc]N[not good (e)]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[Black 5 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[pc];B[pb]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[nb];W[qi])
(;W[qb]N[(b)]LB[ob:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or, if the ladder for White to capture Black 5 is unfavorable, possibly 'b'.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[rb];B[qe];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg];W[rc];B[sd];W[qh];B[rh];W[nd];B[mc]LB[qi:a][ri:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]

(;W[qi];B[ri];W[qj])
(;W[ri]C[White 22 is an overplay that if played properly by Black, leads White to doom.]N[mistake (b)];B[qi];W[rj];B[pf];W[of];B[pg];W[ph];B[og];W[ng];B[oh];W[pi];B[od]
;W[oe];B[nf];W[ne];B[mf];W[me];B[le];W[lf];B[mg];W[ld];B[ke];W[md];B[kd];W[lc]
;B[pj];W[oi];B[nh];W[qj];B[kc];W[lb];B[mb];W[kb];B[jb]))
(;B[rb]N[White ladder (b)];W[ob];B[qa];W[nc])))
(;W[qe]MA[pc]C[Forcing first at the marked location is generally recommended, but White 6 as shown is also playable.];B[pc];W[ne];B[md];W[pi]))
(;B[nc]N[not good (f)]LB[pc:a][ob:b][qe:c]C[Black 5 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[pc];B[pb]LB[ob:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', depending upon the side of interest.]
(;W[ob];B[qb];W[oc];B[qf];W[nd])
(;W[qe];B[ob];W[qi]))
(;W[ob]N[(b)]LB[qb:a][qe:b][pc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[oc];B[qf];W[nd])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pf];B[qg];W[qb];B[qf];W[pc];B[pg])
(;B[pc]C[Black 7 is the obvious blunt move, but is not recommended. Black secures good outside influence, but at considerable sacrifice in the corner.]N[not good (c)];W[oc];B[od];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[oe];W[qe];B[lc];W[rd];B[rc];W[re]
;B[of];W[pb];B[qg]))
(;W[qe]N[(c)]MA[pc]C[Pushing first at the marked location before playing White 6 is recommended.];B[pc];W[qi]))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (g)]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pc]LB[rf:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[qb];B[qg];W[pf];B[rd]))
(;W[qe];B[ob])))
(;W[pf]LB[od:a][pe:b][qe:c][nc:d][ob:e][dp:f]N[ikken-tobi (1-space jump) (b)]C[Black joseki continues with 'a' or 'b'. Other continuations show (at best) a special strategy.

'f' shows Black playing elsewhere.]
(;B[od]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (a)]LB[oe:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[oe]LB[pc:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or 'b' to take sente.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[margari (a)];W[nd];B[pe]LB[nf:a][qe:b][oc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' or 'c' are overplays that start a fight where White is split disadvantageously.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)]LB[qf:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph];B[nc];W[md];B[mc])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[md];B[mc];W[kd]))
(;W[qe]N[mistake (overplay) (b)];B[ne]LB[pd:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[oc];W[md]LB[nf:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[of];B[le];W[kc]LB[nh:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nh]N[(a)])
(;B[nb]N[(b)];W[ld];B[nh];W[ph];B[ke]))
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[of];B[me];W[ld];B[le]LB[kd:a][ke:b][se:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)];B[qg])
(;W[ke]C[White 20 is too aggressive.]N[mistake (b)];B[mg]C[Black 21 weakens the White stones to the right.])))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[md];W[nc];B[me];W[lb]))
(;W[oc]N[mistake (overplay) (c)];B[of];W[pd];B[qe];W[pg];B[nf];W[ne];B[oh];W[qi];B[lf]))
(;B[oc]C[Black 7 is intended to take sente.]N[narabi (extend) (Black sente) (b)];W[me]))
(;W[nf]N[(b)]LB[oe:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[of];B[md])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[qf];B[me];W[pk])))
(;B[pe]N[uchi-tsuke (invasion-attach) (b)];W[oe];B[qe]LB[of:a][ng:b]C[White continues with 'a', or possibly the looser 'b'.]
(;W[of]LB[nc:a][qg:b][oc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', depending upon the side of interest. 

Black 'c' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[nc]N[top (a)];W[qf])
(;B[qg]N[right side (b)]C[Black 9 emphasizes the right side.];W[nc])
(;B[oc]C[Black 9 is a mistake, as White can seal Black in.]N[mistake (c)];W[nc]))
(;W[ng]N[(b)]LB[qg:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'a' leaves a fluid situation until later.
Black 'b' creates solid shapes, and is the more likely variation of determined amateurs.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[nc])
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[nf];B[og];W[oh];B[pg];W[ph];B[qg];W[nh]LB[qh:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)])
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[me];B[od];W[md]))))
(;B[qe]N[(c)]
(;W[pe]LB[qg:a][oc:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues locally with 'a' or 'b', or plays elsewhere.])
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[pe];W[of];B[nd]))
(;B[nc]N[(e)]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[White resists with 'a', or goes with the flow with 'b'. ]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[pe];W[oe];B[qe];W[od];B[of];W[nf];B[og];W[me];B[kc]C[Black tries to have his cake and eat it too.])
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[pc];W[od]))
(;B[ob]C[Given just the local situation, there is no reason for Black to play so low.]N[not good (e)])
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (f)]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][pc:b]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[od];B[oc];W[nd];B[mc])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pe]LB[qe:a][oe:b]
(;W[qe];B[oe]LB[qb:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is awkward.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[rb];W[pb];B[re];W[qf];B[rf];W[qh];B[rg];W[ng];B[me];W[mc];B[ke])
(;W[re]C[White 9 leads to awkward shape for the White stones at top.]N[not good (b)];B[pb];W[oc];B[ob];W[nc];B[rb]))
(;W[oe]C[White 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[qe];W[of]LB[qf:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'a' is a consistent territory orientation.  Black 'b' aims to create a center position.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[ph];B[od];W[nd]C[White sacrifices for thickeness, keeping to original strategy.];B[oc];W[pb];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[na];B[qb];W[lc]C[Black has a tidy profit, while White's thickness is less than perfect.]
)
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[oc];B[nd];W[nc];B[md];W[mc];B[ld];W[qf];B[pb];W[ob];B[qb];W[kb])))))
(;W[pc]C[White 4 is a mistake, even with support at top as shown.]AW[jc]N[mistake: nobi (extension) (c)];B[pe]C[Black responds to White's mistake at 4.];W[oe];B[of]LB[pf:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qe];W[ne];B[nf];W[me];B[pg]LB[pb:a]C[The black hane at 'a' plus connection remains sente.])
(;W[qe]N[mistake (b)];B[pf];W[re];B[pb];W[ob];B[qb];W[od];B[rd];W[rg];B[qf];W[rf];B[qh];W[rh]
;B[qi];W[ri];B[qj];W[rj];B[rk];W[qg];B[pg];W[qk];B[rl];W[ph];B[oh];W[pi];B[pj]
;W[oi];B[oj];W[ni];B[nf];W[se];B[sj];W[sb];B[sd];W[pa];B[ra];W[rb];B[si]LB[sh:a][sa:b]C[Neither 'a' nor 'b' work.]

(;W[sh]N[(a)];B[sk])
(;W[sa]N[(b)];B[sh]))))
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[pc];B[pb]LB[qd:a][qb:b][ob:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[rb];W[rc];B[qb];W[pf])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[rb];W[ob];B[qa];W[nc]LB[pe:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pe]LB[od:a][qd:b]C[Black 11 is a tesuji.

White continues with 'a'. White resistance with 'b' is futile.]N[(a)]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[qd])
(;W[qd]C[White tries to resist Black's tesuji, a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[od]C[White is at a loss as to a good next move.]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 11 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[od]))
(;W[ob]N[(c)];B[nb];W[qb];B[oa];W[rc];B[od];W[qd];B[of]))
(;B[ob]N[(c)];W[qd];B[rc]LB[qh:a][nd:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[nd]N[(b)]LB[mc:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[le])
(;B[oc];W[od];B[rd];W[qf]))
(;W[md]C[White 6 is an overplay.]N[not good (c)];B[nd];W[ne];B[nc];W[me];B[oe];W[of];B[pe];W[pf];B[qe];W[qf];B[re]C[White has given up too much for thickness.]
)))
(;W[oc]N[ikken kakari (1-space attack) (b)]LB[pe:a][qf:b][pf:c][od:d][dp:e]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'. Black 'e' shows Black playing elsewhere.

e5,d4,c3,b2,a1]
(;B[pe]AE[jd]LB[md:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[qi];W[ic])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[qi];W[oe]LB[of:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qd];W[pf];B[qe];W[ne];B[pg];W[nf];B[og])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[pd];W[od])))
(;B[qf]N[(b)]LB[lc:a][oe:b][of:c]C[Black 3 is mild.

White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' show White playing elsewhere.

d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qb]C[White 6 looks like an endgame move, but is more threatening than that.];B[rb]LB[qd:a][pb:b]C[White continues with the fiesty 'a', or 'b'.]
(;W[qd]C[Black 8 is a clamping tesuji, and an invitation to a fight.]N[(a)];B[pc];W[pd];B[od])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qh];B[of];W[rd];B[rc];W[rf];B[qe];W[re];B[qd];W[oh]))
(;W[oe]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][pd:b][kd:c][of:d][dp:e]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' shows Black playing elsewhere.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[qd];B[rd];W[pc];B[rc];W[kd])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[od];B[pg];W[kc])
(;B[kd]N[(c)]LB[qb:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended, as it can start a slippery slope to disaster.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[rb];W[qd];B[rd];W[pc];B[rc];W[qe];B[re];W[pf];B[qg])
(;W[pg]C[White 6 is an overplay.]N[not good (b)];B[pf];W[of];B[og];W[pi];B[ng];W[qg];B[pd];W[od];B[me];W[rd];B[qd]
;W[rc];B[rb];W[sb];B[ra];W[rf];B[re];W[se];B[qe];W[qb];B[pb];W[rg];B[ob];W[md]
;B[nc];W[nd];B[ld];W[mc];B[nb]))
(;B[of]N[(d)];W[nf];B[og];W[qe];B[re];W[pe];B[rg];W[kd])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (e)];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph];B[qh];W[pi]))
(;W[of]N[(c)];B[ph];W[jd])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (d)];B[ld];W[oe];B[pd];W[od];B[pg];W[mg]LB[id:a][nf:b]C[White 12 is a tesuji. Black immediately playing at 'b' weakens Black 7, so is not advised.

Black 'a' is one possible continuation.]
(;B[id]C[Black 11 is one possible extension.]N[(a)])
(;B[nf]C[Black 11 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qe];B[pe];W[of];B[og];W[pf]LB[qg:a][re:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[rd];W[me];B[ng];W[id])
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[qg];B[rf];W[ng];B[qh];W[me]))))
(;B[pf]LB[kd:a][lc:b][qd:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)]C[White plays large like Black. This is appropriate.])
(;W[lc]N[not good (b)]LB[pc:a][dp:b]C[White 4 is too short an extension.

White continues locally with 'a', or plays elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[od];B[ph])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qh]LB[qf:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. 'b' shows Black playing elsewhere.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qe]LB[pe:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pe]LB[qd:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[pd];W[pc];B[qf];W[rc])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[qd];W[re];B[ob];W[nb];B[pb];W[nd];B[rb]))
(;B[pd]N[(b)]LB[qf:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' for territory on both sides, or 'b' to push into the center at the sacrifice of the group at top.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pg];W[ph];B[od];W[nc];B[oh];W[oi];B[nh];W[qg];B[nf])
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[od];W[oe];B[nc];W[ne];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[nb];B[nd];W[ob];B[ld];W[kc];B[me];W[mf]
;B[lf];W[mg])))))
(;W[qd]N[not good (c)]C[White 4 is not recommended, as it gives Black good shape.];B[pd];W[pc];B[qe];W[qb];B[rd];W[rb];B[md];W[mb]))
(;B[od]N[(d)];W[nd]LB[pd:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pd]LB[ne:a][mc:b][nc:c][dp:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' shows tenuki.]N[(a)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb]LB[mb:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a' to emphasize the top, 'b' to target the right side.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[ob];W[le])
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[ob]C[Black 11 is honte (the proper move).];W[pf]))
(;W[mc]N[(b)]LB[ne:a][pg:b][dp:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'c' shows Black playing elsewhere.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[me]LB[nf:a][mf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)])
(;B[mf]C[Black 9 is an overplay.]N[not good (b)];W[nf];B[oe]LB[le:a][ng:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[ng];W[lf];B[mg]C[White 10 has aji, and White is more solid.])
(;W[ng]C[White 12 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[le];W[md];B[lf];W[kd];B[pg];W[ni]C[Black's three stones in the center can escape with relative ease.

Black can press the White center stones for profit.])))
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[jd])
(;B[]LB[nf:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an unreasonable overplay.]N[Black tenuki (c)]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[qf])
(;W[pf]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[oe];B[pe];W[ne];B[pg];W[qf];B[qg];W[qe];B[rf];W[re];B[rg]
;W[rc];B[rd])))
(;W[nc]N[(c)]LB[ne:a][jd:b][of:c]C[White 6 is a bit slow, but playable.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[me]LB[nf:a][mf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[mf];B[ng])
(;B[mf]N[(b)];W[le];B[nf];W[id]))
(;B[jd]N[(b)]LB[nf:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a', or plays elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[ne];W[me];B[mf];W[nf];B[oe];W[le];B[mg]))
(;B[of]N[(c)];W[ne];B[jd]))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (d)]LB[nc:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or, with support at right, 'b'.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[mc];B[nb];W[md];B[ob])
(;B[ne]AB[pj]MA[pj]C[Black plays 7 as shown with support at right.]N[(b)];W[md];B[me];W[ld];B[kf])))
(;B[oe]N[(b)]LB[pc:a][mc:b][nc:c][ne:d]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended. White 'd' gives away too much territory.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[qd])
(;W[mc]C[White 6 is slow.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[ob]LB[pi:a][ne:b][ld:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[pi]N[(a)])
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[me];B[mf];W[le];B[lf];W[ke];B[pj])
(;B[ld]N[(c)]LB[ne:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[of];W[nf];B[og];W[lf];B[id];W[kb])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[jd];W[le];B[ph])))
(;W[nc]N[not good (c)]LB[kd:a][dp:b]C[White 6 is slow.

Black continues with 'a'.  Variation 'b' shows Black playing elsewhere.]
(;B[kd]LB[ne:a][pd:b][qe:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable. White 'c' is not good either.]N[(a)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[of];W[mg];B[oh])
(;W[pd]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[pe];B[pf];W[of];B[ne];W[qf];B[pg];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[ob]
;W[nb];B[pb];W[me];B[nf])
(;W[qe]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[qd];W[re];B[pc];W[ne];B[of];W[qh];B[oh];W[lf];B[qi];W[ri];B[qg]
;W[rg];B[ph];W[rh];B[qj]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qe]LB[qd:a][pd:b][qf:c][pg:d]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended. Black 'c' is a mistake, as is Black 'd'.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[re];B[pc];W[qh];B[ne];W[me];B[mf];W[le])
(;B[pd]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qh])
(;B[qf]N[mistake (c)]LB[pf:a][rf:b]C[Black 9 is a mistake.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[pe];W[qd];B[pd]C[Black's shape simply could not be worse.];W[rf];B[qg];W[pc];B[rc];W[re];B[rg];W[nf]C[White 20 starts building great thickness the sacrifice of the four White stones];B[of]
;W[og];B[pg];W[ne];B[pf];W[oh])
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[pc];B[qd];W[pd];B[re];W[pe];B[rd];W[og]))
(;B[pg]N[(d)];W[pc];B[qd];W[pd];B[pe];W[re];B[rb];W[rd];B[rc];W[qh];B[pb];W[ob];B[pa]
;W[ne])))
(;W[ne]N[not good (d)]LB[nc:a][nf:b]C[White 6 gives away too much territory.

Black 'a' takes advantage of White's mistake, whereas 'b' lets White move seem playable.]
(;B[nc]LB[mc:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', neither favorable.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[nf];B[pg])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pd];W[qb];B[qd];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc];W[rb];B[nf];W[me];B[jd];W[mf]
;B[ng]))
(;B[nf]N[not good (b)]LB[pc:a][nc:b]C[Black 7 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[qd])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[of];W[jc];B[pc])))))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (e)]C[Black plays elsewhere. This is not recommended. Black will be forced low to live.];W[pe];B[pd];W[od];B[qe];W[qf];B[rf]LB[pf:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[rd];W[pc];B[qd];W[jd])
(;W[re]C[White 10 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[qd];W[pf];B[rg])))
(;W[nd]LB[pf:a][pe:b][jd:c][qf:d]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' works well when Black is in the lower right (so an extension in the middle works both ways). The more conservative 'b' is makes a slightly tighter shape (better for a fight).

Black 'c' is possible if Black has an extension on the right side. 

Black 'd' may be best if White has a stone on the right side that blocks extension.]N[oogeima (large knight's move) (c)]
(;B[pf]N[oogeima (large knight's move) (a)];W[jd];B[qj]LB[nf:a][oc:b][pc:c]C[The follow-up points are 'a' for profit and 'b' for influence.
White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)])
(;W[oc]LB[pc:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or risks the corner by playing elsewhere ('b').]N[(b)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[nf])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qb]LB[qd:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[rb])
(;B[rb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qd]C[Black is in trouble.])))
(;W[pc]C[White 6 settles the corner in sente, but solidifies Black.]N[(c)];B[pd];W[oc];B[qb];W[nf];B[ph]C[Black is better off.]))
(;B[pe]LB[jc:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is possible with support at right.]N[keima (knight's move) (b)]
(;W[jc]N[White top (a)];B[qi];W[pc]LB[pd:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' gives White the corner in sente, a local loss.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[oc];B[qb];W[nf];B[pg])
(;B[oc]LB[pd:a][od:b]C[Black 7 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[od];W[qd];B[qe];W[rd];B[oe];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb];B[nc])
(;W[od]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[rb];W[rc];B[qd];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[pa]
;W[sa];B[rb];W[sb];B[oa];W[qa];B[rd];W[nc];B[sd];W[nb];B[rb])))
(;W[qg]AW[qj]C[In this case, Black 3 was a mistake.]N[Black's mistake (b)];B[of]C[Black must play 5 to get to the center.];W[kd]LB[re:a][oc:b]C['a' and 'b' are local vital points.]))
(;B[jd]AB[qj]C[A pincer around Black 3 is possible if Black has support such as the stone shown on the right side.]N[sangen takabasami (high 3-space pincer) (c)];W[pd];B[qd];W[pf]C[White aims to settle himself playing loosely.];B[qe];W[ng];B[qg];W[hd]AW[dd]C[White 10 is a checking extension. This play makes sense if White has support in the top right corner, as shown.])
(;B[qf]AW[qj]C[Black plays 3 if White has a stone as shown that blocks Black from extending down the right side.]N[niken hiraki (2-space extension) (d)]))
(;W[od]N[keima (d)]LB[pe:a][qe:b][qf:c][pd:d][oc:e]C[White 2 is a high tight attack with a direction bias.

White continues with 'a'. Tactically, any other response is less advantageous.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)]LB[oe:a][kd:b][jd:c][ph:d][nf:e][dp:f]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'. White 'e' indicates a special strategy of influence toward the top-left. Variation 'f' covers White playing elsewhere.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pc];B[qb]LB[kd:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a', or plays on a large scale with 'b'.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)])
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[pg];W[nh]))
(;W[kd]N[(b)];B[oe];W[oc];B[ne];W[md];B[pj]C[The joseki concludes.];W[qb]C[A later continuation.];B[rb];W[pb];B[rd])
(;W[jd]N[(c)]LB[pg:a][oe:b][ld:c][dp:d][pj:e]C[Black continues with 'a' 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.

Black 'd' shows Black playing elsewhere.]
(;B[pg]LB[oc:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[oc]N[(a)])
(;W[pc]C[White 6 is a mistake, as it lets Black solidify the corner.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb];W[md]))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[md])
(;B[ld]N[not good (c)]LB[oe:a][nf:b]C[Black 5 is unreasonable.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)]C[White 6 builds thickness for an attack on Black 5.];B[pf];W[of];B[pg];W[ke];B[mf];W[me];B[le];W[lf];B[md];W[mg];B[ne]
;W[nf])
(;W[nf]N[(b)]C[White 6 is a light way of playing.];B[lf];W[pd];B[qd];W[pf];B[oe];W[ne];B[qe];W[nh]))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (d)]LB[qg:a][pg:b][qh:c][qi:d]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues with 'a' to 'dc'.]
(;W[qg]LB[oe:a][pj:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]LB[md:a][nd:b]C[White plays 'a' to preserve position at top, or 'b' to emphasize the right side.]N[(a)]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[ph];W[qi];B[qh];W[rh];B[pg];W[qf];B[ri];W[rj];B[pi];W[qj];B[rg];W[si]
;B[rf])
(;W[nd]N[(b)]C[White 7 emphasizes the right side, as Black launches a splitting attack.];B[og];W[pi];B[ld];W[ne];B[ke];W[mf];B[nh]))
(;B[pj]N[(b)];W[og];B[oe];W[md]LB[ne:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[mg];B[nd];W[nc];B[mc];W[lc];B[mb];W[nb];B[lb];W[kc];B[me];W[ld];B[oc]
;W[ob];B[pb];W[pc];B[pd];W[kb];B[oc])
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[mf])))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[oe];W[md]LB[og:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[pi];B[qg];W[qh];B[pf];W[ph];B[rg])
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[pj];B[oc]))
(;W[qh]N[(c)];B[qf])
(;W[qi]N[(d)];B[qg]LB[oe:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.
]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pc];B[qb])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[qb];W[pf]LB[qf:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[oe];B[pg];W[qe];B[of];W[qd]C[But there is still aji in the corner....];B[pb];W[ob];B[rd];W[re];B[sc];W[rb]
;B[ra]LB[sb:a][pa:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[qf];B[nd];W[nc];B[mc];W[md];B[ne];W[lc];B[mb];W[nb];B[lb];W[kc];B[me]
;W[ld];B[ob];W[pb];B[pa];W[na];B[pd];W[kb];B[oc];W[la])))))
(;W[ph]N[(d)]LB[oe:a][qf:b]C[Black gets out with 'a' or settles shape locally with 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)]C[Black keeps White separated.];W[md];B[ne];W[me];B[mf];W[lf];B[mg];W[lg];B[mh];W[pk])
(;B[qf]N[(b)]C[Black settles his shape in sente.];W[kd]))
(;W[nf]N[(e)]C[White aims for influence at top, but gives away a large corner.];B[oe];W[ne];B[nd];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb];W[mb];B[pg])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (f)];B[kd];W[md];B[pg];W[mf];B[kf];W[mh]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pc]LB[qb:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)]LB[ld:a][of:b][pf:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)])
(;W[of]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or plays elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[kd])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[pe];B[qd];W[qg];B[rg];W[qh]))
(;W[pf]C[Black continues with 'a', or the fighting move (finally) of 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[oe];B[of]LB[qf:a][ph:b][pg:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[rf];W[rg];B[re];W[ph];B[og];W[pi];B[mf];W[md];B[mi])
(;W[ph]N[(b)]LB[nf:a][pg:b]C[White 10 is a tesuji.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[qf];B[rf]LB[md:a][rg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or the fierce move at 'b'.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[rg];W[qh];B[nh];W[pk];B[jd])
(;W[rg]N[fierce (b)];B[md];W[rd]C[White 16 is the vital point.];B[qd];W[re]LB[ob:a][nc:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[nc];B[oc];W[nd];B[mc];W[nb];B[pd];W[oa];B[pb];W[mb];B[lb];W[lc];B[ld]
;W[kc];B[kb];W[jb];B[jc];W[kd];B[ib];W[me];B[le];W[mf]C[White 40 is the vital point.])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[pb];B[rc];W[ra];B[qa];W[pa];B[oc];W[pd];B[sc];W[sf]C[Black loses the capturing race.])))
(;B[pg]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[(b)];W[og];B[qf];W[nf];B[oh];W[pf];B[qg];W[pi];B[nh];W[oj];B[lh];W[lf]
))
(;W[pg]C[White 10 is not recommended, as it is unnecessarily heavy. Variation 'a', the one-space jump, gives a more favorable result to White.]N[not good (c)];B[nf];W[md];B[oh];W[qi];B[rf];W[rg];B[mh];W[jd];B[pj];W[qj];B[pk]
))))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[oc];B[oe];W[ne];B[of];W[qb]))
(;B[qf]N[(c)])
(;B[pd]N[(c)]LB[oe:a][oc:b][pe:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)]LB[oc:a][pf:b]
(;B[oc];W[nc];B[ob];W[pe];B[qe];W[qf];B[re];W[me])
(;B[pf];W[oc]LB[pe:a][kc:b];B[kc];W[pe];B[qe];W[qf];B[qg];W[rf];B[pg];W[qb];B[rb]
;W[rd];B[qd];W[rc];B[pb];W[pc];B[qa];W[re];B[qb];W[ob];B[rg];W[sb];B[sc];W[sd]
;B[sf];W[oa];B[sa];W[ra]))
(;W[oc]N[(b)];B[pe];W[kc])
(;W[pe]C[White 4 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[qe];W[pc];B[qd];W[oc];B[pf];W[oe]LB[qi:a][qh:b][ph:c][jc:d]C[Black extends with 'a' to 'c', depending upon the situation in the lower right, or thwarts White at the top with 'd'.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)])
(;B[qh]N[(b)])
(;B[ph]N[(c)])
(;B[jc]C[Black cannot afford to be any closer to the thick White stones.]N[(d)])))
(;B[oc]N[(e)]))
(;W[nc]N[nigen gakari (2-space attack) (e)]LB[kd:a][dp:b]C[Black can thwart White's strategy with a play at 'a', or ignore White 2 ('b').]
(;B[kd]N[(a)]LB[pd:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pd]LB[pc:a][re:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]LB[oc:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is tough-minded.]N[(a)]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[re];W[pf];B[qg];W[oh])
(;W[qd]N[(b)]C[White 6 provokes a fight.];B[oc];W[od];B[nd];W[md];B[ne];W[mb];B[rd];W[re];B[rc];W[me];B[nf]
;W[pf];B[ob]))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[pc];B[qb]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[pd];W[pc];B[qe];W[rd];B[oc];W[pb];B[pe]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qe]LB[pd:a][dp:b]C[Black continues locally with 'a', or Black can ignore White again, and still live in the corner ('b').]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pe];B[nd];W[md];B[ne])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere again.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[oe];B[ob];W[nb];B[oc];W[od];B[rd];W[re];B[rb])))
(;W[pc]C[White 2 is not recommended.]N[not good (f)];B[pd]LB[oc:a][qd:b]C[White 'a' is sensible (a change of strategy from the silliness of White 2), but White 'b' is to be expected.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[qd];W[od];B[qh];W[kc]C[Of course, either player could have played on the fourth line instead.])
(;W[qd]C[Chances are that White had complications in mind with White 2, hence the cross-cut.]N[(b)];B[rc]C[Black could have as well played R18 rather than S17 (as shown).

Regardless of continuation, Black captures either White 2 or White 4.];W[qe];B[oc])))
(;B[qd]LB[oc:a][nc:b][nd:c][od:d][dp:e][qj:f][pg:g]GN[3-4 Joseki]N[komoku (3-4 point)]C[The komoku (3-4) point is the traditional corner enclosure move. White approaches with 'a' to 'd'. 

'e' covers enclosure (shimari) joseki.

White 'f' and 'g' are special strategies.

g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[oc]LB[pe:a][pf:b][qg:c][mc:d][lc:e][kc:f][md:g][ld:h][kd:i][od:j][nd:k][pc:l][oe:m]N[keima kakari (small knight's attack) (a)]C[The small knight move is the basic approach move to the 3-4 point stone. It has been continually used for over four centuries. There are limitless variations, with new moves constantly being discovered. White 2 opens the door to a treaure store of joseki.

Black responds with 'a' to 'k'. Black 'l' indicates a special strategy based upon favorable local position.

'k' is somewhat a trick play. Black must have the ladder.

'm' is a trick play.

m13, l12, k11, j10, i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

outcomes:
a1, b2, c3, j10, k12 - Black right
d4, e5, g7, h8, i9  - White choice
f6 - variable
k11 - Black thick outside, White big corner
m13 - Black right high, White top territory
]

(;B[pe]LB[md:a][lc:b][kc:c][jc:d][dp:e][nd:f]C[Black 3, the famous Shusaku diagonal move, is a steady way of responding to White's kakari. Black can now aim to press against the lone White stone with 'a'.

White's possible local responses are 'a' through 'd'. 
White 'a': White must be prepared to fight.
White 'b': secure.
White 'c': invites invasion.
White 'd': played as an extension from the top left; invites invasion.

Variation 5 shows Black continuations when White plays elsewhere.

White 'f' is an Edo period (1600-1867) joseki that has since been abandoned as unfavorable to White.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[kosumi (diagnoal move) (a)]
(;W[md]LB[qj:a][kc:b]C[White must be prepared for a fight. Black finishes the joseki with 'a', or starts a fight with 'b'.]N[keima (knight's move) (a)]
(;B[qj]N[simple (a)];W[ic];B[pc]C[Continuation. The difference between Black and White playing here (White at R18) is nearly 20 points. This is a large endgame move.];W[od];B[pb])
(;B[kc]LB[hd:a][qb:b]C[Black must consider the upper left corner when playing this way. Without support this is an overplay for Black.

White attacks the lone Black stone with 'a' (joseki), or slides in the corner with 'b', which is not joseki, as 'b' has problems.]N[fighting (b)]
(;W[hd]N[(a)];B[ke];W[mf])
(;W[qb]C[The slide of White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good: suberi (slide) (b)];B[qi]LB[mb:a][lc:b][kd:c]C[White doesn't have a good follow-up. Black 'a' is intolerable, but White 'b', Black 'c' is not favorable to White.])))
(;W[lc]LB[pc:a][qj:b][dp:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or possibly 'b'. Playing elsewhere ('c'; tenuki) is not joseki.

c3, b2, a1]N[niken hiraki (2-space extension) (b)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[od];B[pg])
(;B[qj]LB[ne:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives Black a chance for moyo.]N[(b)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[pc];W[ob];B[pg])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nc];B[le]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere (not joseki).]N[Black tenuki];W[qb]C[White makes ideal shape if Black plays elsewhere.];B[qi]))
(;W[kc]LB[pc:a][od:b]C[The three-space extension is a light move and is most often used in actual games. For Black to attack at 'a' and provoke 'b' would give White an ideal position. Black should invade.]N[sangen hiraki (3-space extension) (c)];B[mc]LB[oe:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' leads to capture of Black 5 at top. White 'b' leads to thickness at the loss of territory.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[of];W[ne];B[pg];W[ld];B[pc];W[ob])
(;W[mb]LB[lb:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[lb]N[(a)];W[lc];B[nb];W[md];B[nc];W[nd]LB[od:a][kb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[ob];B[ma];W[oa];B[na];W[kb];B[pc];W[oe];B[pd];W[of])
(;B[kb]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob];B[ma];W[oe]LB[jc:a][of:b]C[No matter what Black does, White can play at 'a' or 'b', either of which are severe.]))
(;B[nb]C[Black 7 is a mistake in direction.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[lb];W[md];B[lc];W[ld];B[ob];W[kb];B[ma];W[ke];B[pc]LB[nd:a]C[White has made good shape in sente. If Black cuts at 'a', White sacrifices the two White stones.]
)))
(;W[jc]LB[nd:a][lc:b]C[The four-space extension of White 4 is often played in relation to stones in the upper left corner. This extension, however, is quite wide and if Black invades, it is impossible to determine how the sequence will develop, so White must be ready for anything.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[4-space extension (d)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[ld:a][md:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a', not 'b'.]
(;B[ld]LB[mc:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a', not 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[ne];W[lc];B[qj])
(;W[od]C[White 8 is vulgar.]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (b)];B[oe];W[md];B[me];W[ne];B[nf]LB[lc:a][le:b]C[White must play at 'a', not 'b'.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[nd];W[mc])
(;W[le]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nd];W[mc];B[kd]C[Black has thickness and White must still defend the left side.])))
(;B[md]C[Black 7 is poor.]N[mistake (b)];W[mc];B[ld];W[lc]LB[kd:a][qj:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai, to Black's disadvantage.]))
(;B[lc]N[(b)];W[oe];B[of];W[ne]LB[pc:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)]LB[pb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not as favorable.]
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[qb];W[le])
(;W[nb]N[(b)]))
(;B[le]C[Black 9 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf];B[pg];W[qf];B[qg];W[re]LB[rg:a][rd:b]C[White captures the two Black stones by playing 'a' or 'b'.])))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.

Black 'a': gives White territory.
Black 'b', 'c': White choice of territory or outside fighting.]N[White tenuki]LB[nd:a][lc:b][kc:c]
(;B[nd]LB[mc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is slow and produces a heavy shape.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]C[The exchange of the pressing play of Black 5 and White 6 is the classical way of handling this position. Nowadays, however, players do not like to give White secure territory so this joseki is not used very often.

Black can play elsewhere or continue locally with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[ld:a][kc:b]N[(a)]
(;B[ld]LB[lb:a][md:b][qc:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'c'. White 'b' leads to a trap. White 'c' gives White life in sente.]N[(a)]
(;W[lb]N[(a)];B[md];W[jc])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[me];W[le];B[lc]LB[nc:a][ne:b][mb:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. White 'c' confines White completely.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[ne];W[lb];B[kb];W[ma];B[jd];W[qb])
(;W[ne]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mf];W[od];B[nf];W[oe];B[mb]LB[nc:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[of])
(;W[of]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[pf];B[qf];W[qg];B[rg]LB[qh:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[rh];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj];B[qc])
(;W[rf]C[White 24 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe];W[rh];B[pg];W[qh];B[og];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[rb];W[re];B[rd]
;W[ob];B[ra]LB[qa:a]C[Black must play 37, not 'a'. White cannot save the stones in the corner.])))
(;W[mb]N[(c)];B[ke];W[lf];B[lb]LB[ne:a][qc:b]C[White may try the cut at 'a' or attachment at 'b'.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[mf];W[nf];B[mg];W[od];B[ng]LB[of:a][pf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[qf];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph];B[of];W[oe];B[og];W[qb];B[pi]C[Black 31 is the nose attachment (hana-tsuke) tesuji.];W[qh];B[qi]
;W[oh];B[rh]C[The five White stones will have trouble.]))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[rc];W[pc];B[nf];W[rb];B[rd];W[sb];B[kf];W[lg];B[kg];W[lh];B[nh])))
(;W[qc]N[(c)];B[rc];W[pb];B[qb];W[pc]LB[md:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', not 'b'.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[rb];B[sb];W[ra];B[re])
(;B[rb]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe]C[White escapes to the center.])))
(;B[kc]LB[md:a][ic:b]C[Black plays this way to emphasize the top. White continues with 'a' or 'b' ('b' to thwart Black's plan).]N[(b)]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[hc])
(;W[ic]N[(b)];B[ld];W[qc]C[White tries to live.];B[rc];W[rb])))
(;W[nc]C[White 6 is poor.]N[not good (b)];B[md]LB[mc:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' involves a ladder.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[ld];W[kc])
(;W[lc]LB[mc:a][ld:b]C[Black plays 'a' with a favorable ladder, Black if not.]N[(b)]
(;B[mc]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[(a)];W[mb];B[nb]LB[ob:a][lb:b]C[Black plays this way then the ladder to capture 8 is favorable. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[lb];W[na];B[kc])
(;W[lb]N[(b)];B[ob];W[pc];B[pb];W[qc];B[qb];W[rb];B[rc];W[rd];B[sc];W[sd];B[re];W[sb]
;B[rc]C[White loses.]))
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[kc];B[mc];W[mb];B[lb];W[nb];B[jc]LB[kb:a][kd:b]C[Black 15 is a tesuji. White must play 'a', not 'b'.]
(;W[kb]N[(a)];B[kd])
(;W[kd]C[White 16 is a mistake. The White stones below will be captured.]N[mistake (b)];B[kb])))))
(;B[lc]LB[nd:a][qb:b][oe:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;AE[pc]W[nd]LB[pc:a][ic:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[id];B[le];W[nf];B[lg];W[nh])
(;B[ic]N[(b)];W[qb];B[qi];W[rc]))
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nc];B[md];W[rc])
(;W[oe]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[of];W[ne];B[le];W[nf];B[og]))
(;B[kc]LB[mc:a][qb:b][ic:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is also possible if White greatly favors the top.]N[(c)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[pc];W[me];B[ke];W[mg])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nc];B[md];W[lb];B[kb];W[lc];B[ld];W[rc];B[je])
(;W[ic]N[(c)];B[nd];W[mc];B[ld]C[The same as variation 2-1-1-5-1-1-2-2.];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb])))
(;W[nd]C[White 4, known as the "double diagonal move", is no longer joseki, as Black gets a favorably thick shape.]N[kosumi (diagonal move) (f)];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[kc];B[mf]))
(;B[pf]LB[qc:a][lc:b][kc:c][qh:d][dp:e]C[The knight's move of Black 3 is a quiet response to White's kakari. It is not as solid as the diagonal play but it is more flexible, since Black can make a wider extension along the right side.

The main difference between the diagonal play and the knight's move is that White has the option of attaching at 'a'. White 'b' through 'd' are other options, depending upon strategic considerations.

Variation 5 illustrates White playing elsewhere.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[keima (knight's move) (b)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb];B[qj])
(;B[qb]LB[qe:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' creates bad shape.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[rd]LB[qc:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', provoking a ko, is unreasonable.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[pe];B[od];W[oe];B[nd];W[lc];B[ne];W[of];B[nc])
(;B[od]C[Black 11 is unreasonable. There is no ko threat big enough.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc]))
(;W[pc]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qe];W[lc])))
(;W[lc]LB[pc:a][qj:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. There is no reason to immediately play 'b'.]N[2-space extension (b)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[od];B[ph])
(;B[qj]C[Black 5 is premature.]N[not good (b)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe]LB[qb:a][pb:b]C[White can play elsewhere or 'a'. If Black 'a', White 'b'.]))
(;W[kc]LB[ic:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[3-space extension (c)]
(;B[ic]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qb];B[qj])
(;B[mc]LB[mb:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or may try 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[lb];W[lc];B[nb];W[md];B[nc];W[nd];B[od];W[ob];B[ma];W[oa];B[na];W[kb]
;B[pc];W[oe];B[pd])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qb:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[pe];B[od];W[oe];B[nd])
(;B[qe]C[Black 9 is weak.]N[not good (b)];W[mb]))))
(;W[qh]C[White plays this way when the right is important.]N[right side (d)];B[kc]LB[pk:a]C[Black plays 2 or 'a', depending on whole board strategy.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere (tenuki). Black 'a' and 'b' are possible follow-ups.]N[White tenuki]LB[kc:a][pc:b]
(;B[kc]LB[qc:a][mc:b][ld:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)])
(;B[pc]LB[kc:a][od:b]C[White 'a' is a light move; White could also play elsewhere. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[kc]N[sangen hiraki (3-space extension) (a)])
(;W[od]C[White 6 is a mistake. White creates a target for attack.]N[tachi (stand up): mistake (b)];B[ld]))))
(;B[qg]LB[pf:a][kc:b][jc:c]C[The primary objective of Black 3 is to ensure his own safety rather than attack White. If White is thick at the bottom, Black 3 serves to forestall an attack while erasing that thickness. That this is a negative attitude is undeniable.

White's local responses include 'a' through 'c'. Playing elsewhere is also usual, as Black has already played submissively.]N[(2-space extension) (c)]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[rf];B[od];W[pe];B[nc]LB[ob:a]C[Black position is weak as White can aim at extending at 'a'.]))
(;W[kc]N[(b)];B[mc]LB[mb:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[lb];W[lc];B[nb];W[md];B[nc];W[nd];B[od];W[ob];B[ma];W[oa];B[na];W[kb]
;B[pc];W[oe];B[pd])
(;W[pf]LB[qf:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[mb]LB[pe:a][lb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is reckless.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[md])
(;B[lb]C[Black 9 won't work.]N[mistake (b)];W[lc];B[nb];W[md];B[nc];W[nd];B[od];W[pd];B[oe];W[pe]))
(;B[od]LB[qf:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not joseki.]N[(b)]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pc]C[The swap is locally favorable for Black, but given White thickness at right-bottom, White should be okay.])
(;W[nd]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[nc];B[pc]LB[md:a][qf:b]C[Black 11 makes nice shape.
White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[qf])
(;W[qf]C[White 12 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[ne];W[md];B[rf];W[re];B[rh]LB[qe:a][og:b]C[If White 'a', Black 'b', and White is in trouble.])))))
(;W[jc]N[(c)];B[lc]LB[pf:a][gc:b][of:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[pf]LB[qf:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is bad.]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb];B[le])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[rf];B[od];W[pe];B[nd]))
(;B[od]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nd];B[oe];W[pc];B[nc];W[ne]LB[mc:a][pd:b]C[White 12 makes miai of 'a' and 'b'. Black is in trouble.]))
(;W[gc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[od];B[pf];W[me];B[le];W[lf];B[ke];W[mg])
(;W[of]C[This reverts to variation 2-1-5-1.]N[(c)];B[me])))
(;B[mc]LB[pe:a][oe:b][md:c][qc:d][dp:e][ne:f][pd:g]C[This is the severest attacking move, emphasizing Black's advantage from playing first in the corner. The feature of the one-space pincer is that it does not permit White to swtich lightly elsewhere. Many top-flight professionals are fond of this move.

White's possible responses are 'a' through 'f'. 'e' (playing elsewhere) and  'f' are not joseki.

White 'g' is sometimes seen in amateur games, and is not joseki.

g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

outcomes:
a1, b2 - White takes the top
c3 - different outcomes
d4 - White gets the corner or right, depending on Black]N[ikken basami (1-space low pincer) (d)]
(;W[pe]LB[pd:a][qe:b][qg:c][qf:d]N[kake (press-down) (a)]C[The point of White 4 is to block at 'b' if Black plays elsewhere.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b' in joseki.

Black 'c' is a trick play, the aim to induce White 'b' and use the Black corner stone as a sacrifice in order to squeeze White.

Black 'd' is a mistake.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od];B[oe];W[ne];B[of];W[md]LB[pf:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[lc]LB[nf:a][dp:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. To play elsewhere ('b') invites White to gain influence in the center. 'a' is a junction point for both players.]
(;B[nf]LB[mf:a][dp:b]C[White must continue at 'a'. Black will dominate if White plays elsewhere ('b').]N[(a)]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[mg];W[lf];B[lg];W[kf];B[qk])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[me];W[nd];B[le];W[ld];B[ke]))
(;B[dp]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nf]LB[oh:a][ng:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. The hane of Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[ng];B[ph]LB[pi:a][qh:b]C[Black should not play 17 at 'a', as it leaves 'b' for White to aim at.])
(;B[ng]C[Black 15 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[og];B[oh];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg]LB[rf:a][pi:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[pi])
(;B[pi]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qe];W[rh];B[qi];W[ri]LB[qk:a][qb:b]C[Black is at a loss for continuation. If Black 'a', White takes Black's eye in the corner with 'b' and Black loses the fight. If Black 'b', White 'a'. Black's tactics have not worked out.]))))
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[le];B[kd];W[ke];B[jd];W[re]C[A tesuji.];B[qb]LB[qe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[ob];W[pc];B[qc];W[pb];B[nc];W[nd];B[pa];W[nb];B[oa];W[mb];B[lc];W[nf]
;B[og];W[rc]LB[ra:a][rd:b][lb:c]C[Black continues with the tesuji of 'a'. Black 'b' leads to collapse. 

Black 'c' is disfavorable, but not necessarily disasterous. Still, Black 'c' leaves Black at a loss in gote.]
(;B[ra]N[(a)];W[ng];B[oh];W[qh])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[rb];B[sd];W[ra];B[qa];W[se])
(;B[lb]C[Black 33 ends in Black gote, at best.]N[not good (c)];W[ra]LB[qa:a][rb:b]C[Black 'a' is correct. Black 'b' leads to an unecessary ko.]
(;B[qa]N[(a)];W[rb];B[ma];W[rd];B[na])
(;B[rb]C[Black 35 leads to an unnecessary ko.]N[mistake (b)];W[sb]C[Ko ensues.])))
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[og];W[pc];B[qc]LB[qh:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a', or 'b' to prevent connection. ]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[nc];W[nd];B[ob];W[pi])
(;W[pb]C[White prevents connection of the two Black groups. Played properly by Black, White loses points in the corner.]N[(b)];B[qe];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[sf]LB[ph:a][sg:b][se:c]C[White continues with 'a'. Capturing the two Black stones ('b' or 'c') leads to a loss for White, as Black throws in at Black 25.];W[ph];B[rd];W[qi]
))))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pf];B[qg]LB[jc:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature.]
(;W[jc]N[(a)];B[me];W[pg];B[qh];W[ph];B[pi];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[rh];W[re];B[sg];W[qc]
;B[rd];W[oi])
(;W[qc]C[White 8 is premature.]N[not good (b)];B[pd]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[pc];W[pb];B[qb];W[qf]LB[ob:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[rg])
(;B[rf]C[Black cannot afford to play 'b'.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[rd];W[rb]C[White make small life in the corner and has some thickness.]))
(;W[pc]C[White 10 is a mistake: Black's resulting thickness is excellent.]N[mistake (b)];B[od];W[nc];B[nd];W[mb];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc])))
(;B[qg]LB[qe:a][me:b][md:c]C[Black 5 is a trick play.

White naturally wants to reply at 'a', which is okay given the proper follow-up.

The light move at 'b' is also feasible. White 'c' is interesting as well.]N[trick (c)]
(;W[qe]LB[pd:a][re:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od];B[re]LB[rf:a][of:b]C[White 'a' is bad. White has to defend with 'b'.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rd];W[qf];B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[qb];B[rg]LB[sf:a][sg:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are both bad.]
(;W[sf]N[(a)];B[pg];W[pf];B[pc];W[pb];B[ob];W[nb];B[nc];W[oa];B[nd];W[ob];B[ng];W[rc]
;B[nf];W[sd];B[og];W[se];B[sg];W[qc])
(;W[sg]N[(b)];B[pg];W[pf];B[rb];W[qc];B[rc]LB[nb:a][ra:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[se];W[sf];B[ra]C[White must find life for the five White stones in the corner.];W[mb]C[Crawling along the second line is terrible.];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[kb];B[jc])
(;W[ra]N[(b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[ob];W[nb];B[oa];W[na];B[nc];W[pa];B[ob];W[oa];B[nd])))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[rc]C[Black 11 is necessary.];W[ld]C[White gets thick with 12.]))
(;B[re]LB[pd:a][ne:b][md:c][rf:d]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 

Shusaku played White 'c' when Ota Yuzo played this trick play against him. An exchange results, but the position is not desirable for either player.

White must not hane at 'd'. ]N[(b)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[rd];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[rc];W[ld])
(;W[md]N[(c)];B[pd];W[lc];B[oe])
(;W[rf]C[White falls into what is known as the "nineteen point trick move". White's profit is 19 points in gote, but in the process gives Black walls of steel. The dangerous thing about this trick is that White's moves along the way seem natural.]N[hamete (non-obvious bad move) (d)];B[rd];W[qf];B[pd];W[od];B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[qb];B[pc];W[pb];B[ob]
;W[nb];B[nc];W[oa];B[nd];W[ob];B[rg];W[sf];B[pg];W[pf];B[ng];W[rc];B[og];W[qc]
;B[nf];W[sd])))
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[qe];W[jd])
(;W[md]N[(c)];B[ld];W[me];B[nc];W[nd];B[kc];W[qe];B[ob];W[pc]))
(;B[qf]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[re];W[pd]LB[qc:a][rd:b]C[Black plays 'a' and surrenders the corner, or 'b' and gives White influence for some territory.]
(;B[qc]C[Black 9 is a sacrifice.]N[(a)];W[rf];B[rg];W[rd];B[sf];W[rc])
(;B[rd]N[(b)]C[Black 9 aims to keep Black's stones together.];W[ph];B[qh];W[pi];B[qi];W[pj]))
(;W[pf]N[mistake (b)]C[White 6 lets Black correct the defect in shape (the gap between Black 1 and 5).];B[qg];W[pg];B[qh])))
(;W[oe]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (b)]LB[pf:a][qg:b][pc:c][pg:d]C[The one-space jump of White 4 is the smoothest move and is very common in actual play. White 4 is a good start to a counter attack.

Black continues with 'a'. 

Black 'b' is slow.

Black 'c' is a trick play.

Black 'd' is an overplay.]
(;B[pf]LB[ld:a][ph:b][qc:c]C[Black 5 is the only possible good response by Black. White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is servere.

White 'c' is a trick play.]
(;W[ld]LB[pc:a][md:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is reckless; if the ladder is unfavorable, it does not work at all.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]LB[pb:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.  White 'b' can lead to complications.]N[(a)]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc];W[md])
(;W[ob]LB[lc:a][of:b][md:c]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black should only play 'b' if the right is very important, because Black 'b', White 'a', and White is better off locally.

Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[kd];B[md];W[me]LB[kc:a][nd:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'.]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[jd]LB[ic:a][jc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ic]N[(a)];W[nd];B[ph])
(;B[jc]LB[of:a][id:b]C[White must play 'a', not 'b'. While White 'a' lets Black extend on the fourth line, a minus for White, White's followup extension at 'b' is a considerable minus for Black, so balance is maintained.]N[(b)]
(;W[of]LB[pg:a][id:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[id];B[hc])
(;B[id]N[(b)];W[pg];B[qg];W[pe];B[qf];W[qe];B[re];W[qh]C[White's superiority on the right is assured, whatever Black does. This variation is a kind of exchange.]))
(;W[id]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ne]LB[pe:a][nf:b][nd:c]C[After Black 17, there is no way White can salvage the situation. 

White 'a' is about the best response, resulting in a Black ponnuki toward the center.

White 'b' leaves cutting points, so is hopeless.

White 'c' looks more promising than it is. Black gets great outside influence.
]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qe];W[of];B[mf]LB[pg:a][le:b]C[White 'a' gives Black a center-facing ponnuki (in sente). White 'b' and White lives in the corner in sente, but mistakes in the order of moves can yield frightening results. Neither result is favorable for White.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qf];W[og];B[le])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[od];W[pd];B[nd];W[qc];B[og];W[pb];B[nf];W[pc];B[pg]))
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[nd]LB[od:a][of:b]C[White has cutting points at 'a' and 'b'.])
(;W[nd]N[(c)];B[nf];W[of];B[og];W[ng];B[mf];W[pg];B[oh];W[pe];B[qf];W[qe];B[re]C[Black has defects but White is short of liberties.]
;W[rf];B[qg];W[rd];B[od];W[se];B[pd];W[re];B[ph]LB[pb:a]C[Black gets overwhelming outside influence.

White can play atari at 'a' to squeeze Black to get life in the corner, but this is small compensation for White.]))))
(;B[nd]N[(b)]C[Black 13 is not described in the joseki books. Variations are possible, even likely.];W[od];B[ne];W[of];B[nf];W[pg];B[qg];W[ng];B[mf];W[qe];B[ph];W[og]
;B[re];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf];B[qf];W[pe];B[sd];W[qh];B[rg];W[rh];B[sf];W[pi]))
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[lc]C[It is regrettable for Black to let White settle his stones with White 10, so this variation is only playable if Black 9 works extremely well on the right side.])
(;B[md]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)]LB[lc:a][me:b]
(;W[lc]LB[me:a][lb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[mb];B[of];W[kb]C[White 14 ensures connection.

The three Black stones are worthless.])
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[me];B[kc];W[le]C[Black's shape is thin.]))
(;W[me]C[White 10 lets Black get away with the mistake of playing 9.]N[not good (b)];B[lc];W[kd];B[kc];W[jd];B[ic]))))
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[me];B[le]LB[lc:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' if the ladder to catch Black 9 is favorable, or with 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;W[lc]LB[ne:a][lb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[mf];B[nd];W[nf];B[od];W[mb];B[pc];W[ke])
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[mb];B[nb];W[nc];B[ma];W[nd];B[mb];W[jc]C[Black must crawl along the second line to live, but this is like trying to lose.]))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[pg];W[lc])))
(;W[ph]N[(b)];B[of];W[md];B[lc];W[nf]LB[ng:a][oh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ng]LB[mf:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a' or the very tough 'b'. White 'b' was introduced by Fujisawa Shuko in the 1971 Meijin Title against Rin Kaiho.]N[(a)]
(;W[mf]C[White 6 shows the severity of modern Go. When playing like this, it is desirable to have White stones in the top left corner.]N[(a)];B[oh]LB[pj:a][ic:b]C[White could continue with 'a' or 'b', depending on the side with support (the right for 'a', the top for 'b').]
(;W[pj]N[(a)];B[pc];W[nc];B[ic])
(;W[ic]N[(b)]))
(;W[og]LB[pe:a][pg:b]N[(b)]C[Black 'a' was played originally in the 1971 Meijin Title: Fujisawa Shuko vs. Rin Kaiho. Subsequent research revealed Black 'b' is better.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[mf];B[nh];W[pj];B[pc];W[od];B[jd];W[lg])
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[oh];B[ne];W[mf];B[nd];W[qc];B[od];W[rd];B[pd];W[mh]LB[pc:a][re:b]C[The sequence ends. Later, Black may play 'a', or possibly 'b'.]

(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[rb];B[qb];W[rc];B[pb];W[rf];B[rg];W[qh];B[qg];W[qe];B[pe];W[ra])
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[pc]))))
(;B[oh]LB[pe:a][pj:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qe];W[og];B[ng];W[pg];B[qf];W[mf];B[pi];W[nh];B[oi];W[mg];B[qh];W[ic]
)
(;W[pj]N[(b)];B[ng];W[mf];B[pc];W[nc];B[ic])))
(;W[qc]N[trick (c)]LB[pd:a][rc:b]C[White 'c' is a trick play that should not work. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)]LB[pc:a][nc:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[od];W[nd];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qg]C[Black gets a superior result.])
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is not good.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[md];B[lc]C[White has gained nothing.]))
(;B[rc]C[Black 7 is weak, and lets White succeed.]N[mistake (b)];W[qb];B[pd];W[nc];B[md];W[ne])))
(;B[qg]LB[pf:a][jd:b][jc:c]N[(b)]C[Black 5 is slow.

White can playing the forcing move of 'a', then settle his shape, or stake out the top with 'b' or 'c' at some risk to the White corner stones.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qb]C[White is settled.];B[jc])
(;W[jd]AW[cc]C[White plays a high extension/pincer from the corner.]N[(b)];B[me];W[og])
(;W[jc]AW[dd]C[White plays a low extension/pincer.]N[(c)];B[pc]LB[ob:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ob]C[White 8 keeps the Black stones separated.]N[(a)];B[me];W[og];B[je];W[hc])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc]LB[og:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[le];W[lg];B[je];W[hc])
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[ob];W[nb];B[pa];W[nc]C[White is overconcentrated.]))))
(;B[pc]N[trick (c)]LB[pb:a][ob:b]C[Black 5 is a trick play.

White replies with 'a'. White 'b' is not good.]
(;W[pb]LB[qb:a][od:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qc];W[qe];B[re];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg])
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[nd];B[pd];W[nc];B[ne];W[md];B[nf];W[qb]))
(;W[ob]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pf]C[Black plays 7 and Black 5 is left as an effective forcing move.]))
(;B[pg]N[thin (d)]LB[nc:a][qe:b]C[Black 4 is an overplay; too thin.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[nc]LB[pe:a][md:b]C[White 6 looks slow, but it is the move.

Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[md]C[White 8 makes good shape at top.])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pe];W[pd];B[pf];W[qc];B[rd];W[re];B[rc];W[rb]C[White 16 is the tesuji.];B[qb];W[pc]
;B[ra];W[sb]))
(;W[qe]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pd];W[pe];B[od];W[nd];B[nc];W[rd];B[pb]C[Black 13 is the tesuji to save the Black stones.

This result favors Black.])))
(;W[md]N[tsuke (attach) (c)];B[ld]LB[nd:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nd]LB[qg:a][kc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', though Black should only play 'b' with a favorable ladder off 'a'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[lc];B[kc];W[lb]LB[kd:a][kb:b]C[Black connects at 'a'. Black 'b' leaves a cutting point (at 'a'), which Black must take care of in gote.];B[kd]LB[mb:a][kb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is disadvantageous.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)])
(;W[kb]C[White 12 is a mistake, even with a favorable ladder.]N[mistake (b)];B[jb];W[jc];B[ib]C[Black 15 assuming the ladder does not work.];W[mb];B[id]C[Even though Black has ended in gote, Black is solid. White should not play this way.]))
(;B[kc]LB[pf:a][pg:b][qf:c][qe:d][qg:e]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'. White must have the ladder to play 'a'.

White 'e' is not recommended.]N[(b)]
(;W[pf]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (a)];B[qf];W[qg];B[pg];W[qe];B[rf];W[of]LB[re:a][qh:b]C[Black 'a' is joseki. Black 'b' invites a loss in the corner.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[ph];B[qb];W[og])
(;B[qh]C[Black 15 gives the corner away.]N[mistake (b)];W[re];B[rg];W[pd]))
(;W[pg]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc];W[pe];B[rf];W[qh])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[nf];B[pc];W[ob];B[pb];W[lf]))
(;W[qf]N[(c)];B[pf]LB[pg:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[pe]LB[og:a][mf:b]C[White continues with 'a' (gote), or 'b' to have sente.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[rh];B[rf];W[mf])
(;W[mf]N[(b)];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[ph];B[rf]))
(;W[qe]C[White 10 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[pe];W[pd];B[qc]C[It would be hard to kill the two Black stones in the corner. If White attempts it, Black will sacrifice them to gain outside thickness. In any event, Black has an easy fight.]))
(;W[qe]LB[re:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is vulgar.]N[(d)]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qf];W[pe];B[qc]LB[rd:a][rf:b]C[White cuts at 'a' if the ladder to capture 11 is favorable, 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;W[rd]C[White plays 14 when the ladder to capture Black 11 is favorable.]N[White ladder (a)];B[rc];W[rf];B[sd];W[qg])
(;W[rf]C[White plays 14 when the ladder is unfavorable.]N[Black ladder (b)];B[rg];W[rd];B[sf];W[rc]C[White captures the two Black stones in the corner.]))
(;B[pd]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe]LB[od:a][re:b]C[Black 'a' is better than 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[oe];B[nc];W[rd]LB[pb:a][pc:b][ob:c]C[Black 'a' is best, Black 'b' and 'c' inferior.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[qc];B[pc];W[qb];B[ob];W[qj])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[pb])
(;B[ob]N[(c)];W[qc]))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[rf];B[oe];W[od];B[rd];W[pg])))
(;W[qg]C[White 8 is not recommended, as White is split.]N[(e)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[qf];B[qe];W[mf];B[og])))
(;W[me]C[Attaching and extending is more positive than attaching and drawing back.]N[(b)];B[nc]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White should have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[od]LB[pf:a][qf:b][nd:c]C[White builds influence and aims at attacking Black on both sides.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. 

Black 'c' is direct and forceful. Black sacrifices the corner. Black must be confident in the fight that follows.]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[of];B[pg];W[jd];B[le];W[lf];B[ke];W[qc];B[rc];W[rd];B[qb]LB[ob:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]

(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[qe];W[lc];B[kc];W[lb];B[jc];W[mb];B[id])
(;W[pc]C[White 20 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[rb];B[sd]C[White cannot make two eyes, as the following sequence shows.];W[sb]C[White cannot make two eyes.];B[ra];W[pb];B[qa]))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[pe];B[ic]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[qe:a][pg:b][qh:c]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[re];W[rd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][rf:b]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[rf];B[sd];W[qg];B[qb];W[pf])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qc];B[qj]))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[qh];W[qe];B[re];W[rd];B[rf];W[qc])
(;W[qh]N[(c)];B[qe];W[oh];B[qb]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 9 is a fighting move.]N[(c)];W[ne];B[oe];W[pe];B[of];W[pd];B[kc];W[mg];B[oh];W[qe];B[kf];W[ng]
;B[og];W[mi];B[oj]))
(;W[pe]LB[ob:a][qe:b]C[White 8 is somewhat a trick play. This move was researched and used in games around 1910.

Black continues with the simple 'a', or 'b' to risk a fight.]N[trick (b)]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[pc];B[pb];W[qc])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pf]LB[qf:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black must not jump to 'b', as he cannot afford the cut.

White must have the ladder to succeed.
]
(;B[qf]LB[pg:a][nd:b]C[White can play at 'a', but 'b' is preferable.]N[(a)]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qh])
(;W[nd]LB[kc:a][pd:b]C[Black 'a' leads to fighting. Black 'b' sacrifices the two Black stones (3 & 7) for the right.]N[(b)]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[qh]LB[qc:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[qg]C[The push and cut by Black are unwise.];W[pg];B[ph];W[qi];B[oh];W[le])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[pg]LB[qi:a][rh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is cowardly.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[rh];B[ph]LB[pd:a][oh:b]C[Black has 'a' and 'b' available, so the fight should be favorable if missteps are avoided.])
(;B[rh]C[Black crawls along "the line of defeat".]N[mistake (b)];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj])))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[od];B[pg];W[lc];B[pb];W[ob])))
(;B[qg]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob]LB[kc:a][qb:b]C[Neither Black 'a' nor 'b' work if White has the ladder.

White captures Black 3,7 if Black 'b'.]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[qf]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.];B[rf];W[re]LB[rg:a][rd:b]C[Black 'a' is a mistake. White needs a ladder if Black 'b'.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[rd];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[qb];B[pb];W[qa];B[ra];W[pc];B[pa];W[qb];B[qa]
;W[pd])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[rg];B[se];W[qh]))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[lc];B[kc];W[lb];B[kb];W[mb]))))))
(;W[qc]C[The aim of White's 3-3 contact play is to settle the situation quickly.]N[tsuke (attach) (d)];B[rc]LB[pd:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives Black excellent thickness.]
(;W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pg]LB[rb:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is not recommended, as White is threatened and Black strengthened in sente.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[qk])
(;W[]C[White 10, playing elsewhere, is a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[rb];W[md];B[ld];W[nd];B[kc];W[pe];B[pf];W[nf]))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc]LB[rd:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is hopeful, and a mistake.]
(;W[rd]LB[qc:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[oe];B[nd];W[od];B[ob])
(;B[od]C[Black cuts, but cannot fight the ko. Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[pb];W[pe]LB[oe:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[of];B[me];W[qi])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[qi])))
(;W[pb]LB[pe:a][qc:b]C[White 10 is a mistake. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is what White hopes for.]N[mistake (b)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rd]LB[md:a][od:b][oe:c]C[White 'a' is the best move available. White 'b' is not as good, and White 'c' bad.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[oe];W[lc];B[od];W[nc];B[pc])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[qf])
(;W[oe]C[No good will come for White from White 14.]N[mistake (b)];B[pf];W[qf];B[pc];W[od];B[qg];W[pg];B[of]))
(;B[qc]C[Black 11 is a mistake, exactly what White wants.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe];B[re];W[qf]))))
(;W[rb]C[White 6 is a mistake. Black gets wonderful thickness.]N[mistake];B[pc];W[qb];B[pd];W[pb];B[od];W[nc];B[nd]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. To do so without a favorable ladder is to invite a loss.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White tenuki]LB[od:a][pc:b]
(;B[od]LB[pd:a][pc:b][cq:c]C[White plays 'a' if the ladder is favorable. If the ladder is not favorable, White must play 'b', proving that White should not play elsewhere if the ladder is unfavorable.

'c' show Black's follow-up if White again plays elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]LB[pe:a][pc:b]C[White must have the ladder to play White 6, in which case Black plays 'a'. Black plays 'b' if the ladder is favorable.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[pc];B[nd];W[qc];B[re]LB[rc:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is sente, but risky.]
(;W[rc]C[White plays 12 to ensure life in the corner.]N[(a)])
(;W[rd]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qe];W[cq]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[rc];W[rb];B[sd];W[sb];B[pa]C[Black 19 is a tesuji.];W[nb];B[mb];W[oa]LB[nc:a][ma:b][oe:c]C[Black can now play 'a' and 'b' in sente. The value of the cutting point at 'c' has disappeared.]
))
(;B[pc]C[Black only plays 7 if the ladder is favorable.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[pe];B[qc]))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pd]LB[qc:a][nc:b]C[White continues wtih 'a'. White 'b' only makes the loss greater.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf])
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nd];W[mb];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[qc]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere again.]N[White tenuki];B[nc]LB[pc:a][qc:b]C[White 'a' is answered by Black 'b'.]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[od];B[pf];AE[md]W[ne];B[ph];W[ld];B[jc]LB[ic:a]C[Black trying to put Black 3 into play is greedy. Black 11 or 'a' is recommended.];W[lc]))
(;W[ne]LB[pf:a][od:b]C[White 4 appeared in the late 1920's, but the move is odd, hardly joseki. Black continues 'a' or 'b'.]N[keima (knight's move) (f)]
(;B[pf]LB[ld:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[pc];W[od];B[ph])
(;W[qc]LB[pd:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pc];B[od]LB[nd:a][nc:b][pj:c]C[If White 'a' and Black 'b', White has to go back and make the corner alive. Consequently, White will leave things as they are and play 'c' to erase Black's thickness, but it is enough for Black to push through at 'a'.])
(;B[rc]C[Black 'b' is submissive.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[qe];W[ld])))
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[nd];B[nc];W[pd];B[oe];W[pe];B[of];W[pc];B[pf];W[qe];B[qf]LB[mf:a][re:b]C[If Black plays 'a' instead of 15, White turns at 15, increasing his territory, and this result is not necessarily favorable for Black. If White 'b' in answer to Black 11, then Black 'a' is alright.]
;W[lf];B[re];W[rd];B[rf];W[rc];B[kd];W[nf];B[qj]C[Black 21 and 23 apply pressure on both sides to White's floating stones. With 23 Black gets territory equal to White's corner and can torment White's center stones for more profit.]))
(;W[pd]C[White 4 is not joseki.]N[not good (h)];B[qc]LB[qe:a]C[Black must resolutely play 5. Black 'a' is spiritless (see variation 2-1-8-3).];W[qe];B[pe]LB[re:a][oe:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[ob]C[After Black 9, there is nothing White can do to cause a favorable result.];W[nb];B[pb];W[nc];B[rd];W[rb];B[qb];W[ra];B[oa];W[sc];B[sd]LB[qa:a][rc:b]C[White's corner stones die. Neither 'a' nor 'b' works for White.]

(;W[qa]N[(a)];B[sb])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[qa]))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[pf];W[qf];B[qg];W[rg];B[pg];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[pc];W[od];B[ob];W[nb]
;B[pb];W[nc];B[rh];W[sd];B[sg];W[sc];B[rb];W[sb];B[qa];W[oa];B[rf])))
(;B[lc]LB[of:a][pe:b][qc:c][qg:d][nd:e][me:f][ld:g][dp:h][oe:i]C[The low two-space pincer used to be the most popular. With modern Go emphasis on influence, the two-space high pincer has replaced it.

Possible White reponses range from 'a' to 'g', including playing elsewhere (h8). White must have the ladder to play 'd' or play elsewhere (h8).

Note, in contrast to the one-space pincer, the one-space jump (shown at i9) is not joseki.

i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

outcomes:
a1 - White pincer at top; White gets out
b2, c3 - different outcomes
d4 - White takes the right
e5 - White gets out, takes part of the corner
f6 - White takes the right
g7 - initial loss, generally White takes the right]N[niken basami (2-space low pincer) (e)]
(;W[of]N[niken tobi (2-space jump) (a)];B[qg];W[ic];B[me]LB[qc:a][pd:b]C[Black 7 is a vital point.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. Many continuations are the same as with the two-space high pincer; consult those variations (2-1-8).])
(;W[pe]LB[qe:a][pd:b]C[The White pressing move was popular in Edo period (1600-1867) games. White aims to build influence then attack with a pincer of his own. The idea is the same as the two-space jump, but more forceful.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'b' leads to a difficult joseki.]N[kake (press-down) (b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[qg];W[jc];B[le]LB[pg:a][je:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qh];W[ph];B[pi];W[oi]LB[pj:a][oj:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pj]N[(a)];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg]LB[re:a][rh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[je];B[lg];W[nh])
(;B[rh]N[(b)];W[re];B[sg];W[qc];B[rd]))
(;B[oj]N[(b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[re];B[rg];W[qc]LB[rd:a][ni:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[pj];B[qi];W[ni];B[je])
(;B[ni]N[(b)];W[rd];B[oh])))
(;W[je]LB[ne:a][lg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' (joseki). Black 'b' allows White good shape. ]N[(b)]
(;B[ne]LB[qf:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White gets sealed in if he plays 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[rf];W[pg]LB[pd:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od];B[oe];W[rg];B[re];W[qh])
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[pd];B[qc]C[Black 17 is a strategic point.];W[md]))
(;W[pd]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg];W[qf];B[rf];W[qc];B[og];W[rc]))
(;B[lg]C[Black 11 is slack.]N[mistake (a)];W[nf])))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[od];B[oe]LB[pf:a][qe:b]C[Neither side can afford a mistake. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pf]LB[of:a][ne:b]C[White 8 is the only move.

Black continues with 'a', not 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[of]C[Black 9 is the only move.]N[(a)];W[pg];B[og]LB[re:a][ph:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]LB[rd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[rd]LB[pc:a][qb:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is slack.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]LB[qc:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[pa];B[rf];W[qe];B[se];W[ph];B[nd];W[sc];B[sd];W[ra];B[sb]
;W[nc];B[mc];W[rg];B[nb];W[ob];B[na];W[oa];B[lb];W[ne];B[md];W[qf];B[mf];W[sf]
;B[rc]C[The result in the corner is a seki. The result overall is considered slightly favorable to White.])
(;B[qb]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[sb];W[ra];B[qa];W[sd]C[White wins by throwing in at White 18 after Black captures.]))
(;W[qb]C[White 14 is a mistake. Black discards the corner for superior thickness.]N[mistake (b)];B[ph];W[rf];B[rb];W[qc];B[rc];W[ra];B[md]LB[pc:a][qh:b]C[White must play 'a', not another move (such as 'b').]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[oi])
(;W[qh]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[ob];W[nb];B[oa];W[na];B[nc];W[pa];B[ob];W[oa];B[nd]
;W[ob];B[mb])))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[md];B[ph];W[qh];B[qi];W[rd];B[ob];W[mc];B[qb];W[rh];B[ri];W[rg];B[rc]
;W[nb];B[oa];W[sb]LB[oh:a][sc:b]C[A tesuji by White, ensuring life for the group on the right side. Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' doesn't work as a life threat against the White group.]
(;B[oh]C[Black does not need to answer, so reinforces at Black 29.]N[(a)])
(;B[sc]N[(b)];W[mf];B[oh];W[jc];B[sh];W[qe];B[sd];W[se];B[rb];W[sg])))
(;W[ph]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nd];W[nc];B[mc];W[qb];B[rb];W[ne];B[md];W[oh];B[mf];W[ra]C[White sets up a ko he cannot win.];B[pb]
;W[pc];B[qc];W[pa];B[qa];W[ng];B[nf];W[qb];B[ob];W[nb];B[qa]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pb];B[rf];W[md]LB[nd:a][mc:b]C[If Black 'a', White gives way with 'b'. Black has a difficult fight ahead.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 9 is a recent variation, whose outcome is not as favorable to Black as joseki (variation 2-1-5-2-2-1-1-1-1-1-1), as White gets better thickness to the right.

Black requires a favorable ladder to the lower left to play Black 9.

The sequence that follows is complex. A miscalculation on either side could have disasterous consequences.]N[not good (c)];W[nc];B[md];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[rf];W[rg];B[re];W[ne];B[of];W[pg]
;B[rc];W[mc];B[ld];W[ng]C[White 24 would be played only if White did not have a favorable ladder to capture the two Black stones.];B[nf];W[mf];B[me];W[og];B[ne];W[lb];B[kb];W[la];B[jc]
;W[ra];B[sd];W[nb]))
(;W[qe]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[re]LB[rf:a][rd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rd])
(;W[rd]C[White 10 was played by Kitani Minoru (White) against Mukai Kazuo (Black) in April 1924.]N[(b)];B[rc];W[qc];B[sd];W[pc];B[rd];W[pg];B[ne];W[qg];B[rb];W[md];B[me]
;W[ld];B[nd];W[mc];B[nc];W[nb];B[ob]LB[lb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)];B[na];W[mb];B[pb])
(;W[pb]N[not good (b)];B[mb];W[oa]LB[kd:a][kb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder is favorable, 'b' if not.]
(;B[kd]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)])
(;B[kb]N[(b)];W[le];B[mg];W[qa];B[jc]C[Black lets White live in the corner.];W[qb];B[rg]C[Black 37 to ensure life.

White has two floating groups to look after in the fighting ahead.]))))))
(;W[qc]N[shita tsuke (low attach) (c)];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pg]LB[rb:a][qk:b][dp:c][nd:d]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. If Black 'a', White 'd' to make shape.

Playing elsewhere ('d'), gives Black an opportunity.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)])
(;W[qk]N[(b)];B[rb];W[nd])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. 'a' and 'b' are miai.]N[White tenuki (c)]LB[nd:a][rb:b]
(;B[nd]C[Black emphasizes the center.]N[Black center (a)];W[pe];B[pf];W[rb]LB[oe:a][mf:b]C[If White 'a', Black 'b'.])
(;B[rb]N[Black territory (b)];W[nd])))
(;B[qb]LB[qe:a][pe:b]C[Black 7 is possible but drawing back at 'a' (variation 1) is more common with the low two-space pincer.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[rd]LB[qc:a][od:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' is less favorable.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[oe]LB[ob:a][nc:b][nb:c]C[Black will leave the corner. Playing Black 'a', White 'b', Black 'c' is too low ("the second line is the line of defeat").])
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pb];W[pe];B[nc];W[oe];B[nd];W[qi]LB[rb:a]C[White also has the cut at 'a' to look forward to.]))
(;W[pe]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[qc];W[qf];B[ic];W[nd])))
(;W[qg]LB[pe:a][od:b]C[White must have the ladder to play this way. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White ladder (d)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[qj]LB[nd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]LB[qb:a][dp:b]C[Although the White stone is sealed in, it is not yet dead because White can play 'a'. The ensuing sequence will make Black thick, however, so timing is important. 

Variation 2 ('b') show White playing elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;W[qb]LB[nc:a][rb:b][rc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[nc]LB[rc:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[ob];W[re])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[rc];W[rb];B[sb];W[od];B[oe];W[nb];B[mb];W[qc];B[re];W[pa]))
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[rc]LB[pb:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[pc];W[re])
(;B[qc]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[pb];W[sa];B[pc];W[rf]))
(;B[rc]C[Black 9 is a mistake. Black cannot capture White.]N[mistake (c)];W[mb];B[lb];W[od];B[oe];W[rb];B[sb];W[qc];B[re];W[nc];B[mc];W[ma]
))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[rd]LB[pc:a][re:b]C[Black 8 is quite big. 'a' instead of 1 is solid but Black becomes over concentrated. Black 1 at 'b' has been seen.]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 7 is territory oriented.]N[(b)];W[pb];B[qb];W[of]LB[rc:a]C[White 10 works on a moyo. White 8 was a throw away, leaving 'a' as a peep.];B[nd]))
(;B[od]LB[pd:a][qj:b]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' is disadvantageous.]N[(b)]
(;W[pd]LB[pe:a][pc:b]C[White must have the ladder. If so, Black plays 'a'. If White does not have the ladder, Black plays 'b'.]N[White ladder (a)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[re:a][oe:b][qc:c]C[Black 'a' is tesuji (and joseki). Black 'b' and 'c' result in a loss.]
(;B[re]LB[mc:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]LB[ld:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[ld]LB[me:a][oe:b]C[White 'b' is joseki. White 'b' leads to difficulty.]N[(a)]
(;W[me]LB[qc:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to establish a base. Black 'b' is heavy.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[oe];B[of];W[nd];B[pf])
(;B[oe]C[Black 13 is heavy.]N[mistake (b)];W[md]))
(;W[oe]N[not good (b)];B[nd];W[md];B[ne];W[me];B[of]LB[mf:a][jd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[id])
(;W[jd]N[(b)];B[mf]C[Black discards the two stones.])))
(;B[nd]C[Black plays 11 if the ladder favors him.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[md];B[nc];W[nb];B[ob];W[lb];B[pb];W[mf]))
(;W[nd]C[White 10 is a fighting move.]N[atari: fight (b)];B[oe];W[ne];B[nf];W[ld];B[kd];W[le];B[mc];W[nc];B[qb];W[id]))
(;B[oe]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe])
(;B[qc]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[qe]))
(;B[pc]C[Black plays 7 if the ladder is not favorable to White. White is in serious trouble if White does not have the ladder.]N[no White ladder (b)];W[pe];B[qc]LB[nd:a]C[White plays 'a' if the ladder is favorable, in which case Black has made a mistake.];W[nd];B[ob]C[Black must play 11 if the ladder works for White, though the result favors white.];W[nc];B[nb]))
(;W[qj]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pc]C[Black has a better result locally.])))
(;W[nd]LB[pf:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[kosumi (diagonal) (e)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[qb];B[qj];W[dp]LB[me:a]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black may continue at 'a' to press White and build a moyo. The drawback is the at stones on the right becomes weakened.];B[me];W[ne];B[mf];W[nf];B[mg])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[pb];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc];W[pe];B[qf]))
(;W[me]LB[od:a][le:b][nd:c][pe:d]C[The gap at 'c' is intentional. Black playing there (variation 'c') is just what White wants.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'c' and 'd' are not recommended.

d4, c3, b2, a1]N[hazama-tobi (1-space diagonal jump) (f)]
(;B[od]LB[mc:a][nd:b]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' gives bad shape.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]LB[pc:a][ld:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' is a potential mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[ld]LB[nc:a][kc:b]C[As for continuation, Black 'a' is recommended. Black cannot easily move out with 'b'.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)])
(;B[kc]N[not good (b)]C[Black 9 is not recommended.];W[id]))
(;B[ld]LB[pd:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' . White 'b' is a mistake.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pc];B[oe];W[md];B[qc];W[jd];B[ke];W[mg])
(;W[md]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[jd];B[ke]C[White's stones are weak all over.])))
(;W[nd]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[pc];B[qc]CR[ne]LB[ld:a][nc:b]C[White 4 should be at the red dot.

Black now has an effective move at 'a', aiming at the cut at 'b'. White lacks a good continuation.]))
(;B[le]N[(b)];W[lf];B[ke];W[md];B[qg];W[ld];B[kd];W[kc];B[jc];W[kb];B[jb];W[lb];B[id]
)
(;B[nd]C[This is not joseki.]N[not good (c)];W[pe]LB[qe:a][ne:b][od:c]C[Black 'a' is better than 'b'. Black 'c' is foolishly suicidal.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[qg];W[ne])
(;B[ne]N[not as good (b)];W[pd];B[qe];W[qf];B[qc];W[pf])
(;B[od]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 7 is a mistake.];W[pd];B[pc];W[nc];B[md];W[qc];B[pb];W[qb]))
(;B[pe]C[Black 5 is slow.]N[kosumi: slow (d)];W[mc];B[ld];W[md];B[hc];W[qb]))
(;W[ld]LB[kd:a][mc:b][md:c]C[Black continues with 'a' if the top is favored, and yields a good result. Black 'b' is balanced. Black 'c' is also possible; Black should have the ladder to play 'c'.]N[ue tsuke (attach on top) (g)]
(;B[kd]C[White 4 is peculiar to the 2-space low pincer. As it has the drawback of an initial loss, it is seldom played.]N[(a)];W[mc];B[kc]LB[pf:a][pg:b][qg:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White must have the ladder to play 'a'. White 'c' is an overplay.]
(;W[pf]LB[qf:a][pe:b][pc:c][od:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' is bad style.]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[qg];B[pg];W[qe];B[rf];W[of];B[re];W[ph]C[White must have the ladder to play 16.];B[pb];W[og])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[oe];B[qf]LB[pd:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a', not 'b'.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[pg];W[of]LB[rd:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)])
(;B[qb]C[Black 19 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc];B[sb];W[qg];B[qh];W[rg];B[ra];W[qi]C[White 8 is a tesuji.];B[og];W[rh]))
(;W[pg]C[White 12 gives Black territory and White influence that is negated by the three Black stones on the side.]N[mistake (b)];B[qg];W[ph];B[qh];W[pi];B[qj]))
(;B[pc]N[(c)];AE[od][pa]W[oe];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg];W[qi])
(;B[od]C[Black 9 approaches an enemy concentration needlessly.]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (d)];W[pc];B[pd];W[nd]LB[le:a][qc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai; either gives White good shape.]))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[pe];W[me];B[pc];W[ng]LB[rg:a]C[A followup Black move at 'a' is big.])
(;W[qg]N[(c)];B[pf]LB[qc:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' splits White into two groups while Black solidifies.]
(;W[qc]LB[qf:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pd];B[re];W[rd];B[sd];W[qe];B[rg])
(;B[rc]C[Black 11 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pd];B[qe];W[pg];B[of];W[le]LB[qb:a]C[If Black plays 'a', White fights the ko.]))
(;W[pg]N[mistake (b)];B[of]LB[le:a][qf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[pc];W[od];B[qf])
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[od];W[pc];B[pd];W[md];B[qc];W[lf];B[og]))))
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[oe]LB[pf:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is playable only if it works well with the top-left, as the top-right corner and right side suffers.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[kd])
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[qf]))
(;B[md]C[Black 5 leads to the same variations as the high one-space pincer. Refer to 2-1-7-4-2.]N[(c)];W[mc];B[nc];W[mb];B[me];W[nd];B[ne];W[nb];B[pe];W[kd];B[qj]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. White must have the ladder to play this way. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White tenuki (h)]LB[od:a][pc:b]
(;B[od]LB[pd:a][nd:b][pc:c]C[White continues with 'a' if the ladder is favorable, or 'b' if not. White 'c', avoiding the ladder, gives black magnificant thickness.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pc];B[nd];W[qc];B[re]LB[rb:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is the older form of this joseki, and can lead to less favorable results.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)])
(;W[nc]LB[mc:a][md:b][rc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. The difference between 'a' and 'b' is the possibility of cutting points.]N[(b)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[rd]C[White 14 lets White live in sente. Since he cannot cut (because of Black 13), making Black solid outside with White 14 does not matter.];B[qe])
(;B[rc]C[Black 14 forces White low.]N[(c)];W[mc];B[md];W[lb];B[kc];W[kb];B[jc])))
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[nc]LB[mc:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a vulgar mistake.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[nb];W[pd];B[oe];W[pe];B[pc];W[of]LB[ne:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[qc];B[ob];W[qe];B[pf];W[rd];B[pg];W[rg])
(;B[ob]N[(b)];W[ne];B[oc];W[nf];B[pf];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[rf]))
(;W[pd]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[pc];B[pe];W[nb];B[mc]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[re];W[rd];B[qe])
(;W[qe]C[White 14 doesn't work.]N[mistake (b)];B[qc])))
(;W[pc]C[White 6 give Black great thickness.]N[(c)];B[pd];W[mc];B[md];W[nc];B[ld];W[qc];B[rd];W[rc];B[qj]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[od];B[pf]LB[me:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[le];W[lf];B[ke];W[md]LB[ph:a][ic:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or if the ladder is favorable off 'a', Black may continue with 'b'.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)];W[ld];B[kd];W[kc];B[jc];W[kb];B[jb];W[lb];B[kf])
(;B[ic]C[Black must have the ladder off Black 7 to play this way.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[qe]LB[pe:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' only with a favorable ladder, otherwise Black must play 'b'.]
(;B[pe]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[pd]LB[qc:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qf];B[pg];W[qg];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri]LB[qi:a][ph:b]C[White 'a' and Black captures the three White stones on the right. White 'b' is a disaster for Black if Black does not have the ladder.]
(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[ph];W[rj];B[rg];W[si];B[re])
(;W[ph]N[(b)];B[qi];W[og];B[oh];W[pi];B[of];W[ng];B[nf];W[mf];B[nh];W[mg];B[pj]))
(;B[qf]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc]))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[pe];B[re];W[rf];B[rd];W[of];B[rg];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph])))
(;W[le]LB[qe:a]C[White cannot aim at 'a' by playing the capping play of White 8.]N[(b)];B[jd];W[qe]C[White 10 does not work. The sequence that follows shows why.];B[pe];W[pd];B[qc];W[qf];B[ne]C[Black 15 is sente, so Black can continue with ni-dan bane (2 step hane).];W[md]C[White must play 16 to stay connected.];B[qg]
;W[rg];B[rh])))
(;W[oe]C[White 4 is not joseki with the two-space low pincer.]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (i)];B[pf];W[ic];B[le];W[of]C[White is pushing Black from behind, which is hopeless.];B[pg]))
(;B[kc]LB[qc:a][pd:b][pe:c][of:d][pf:e][qg:f][ic:g][dp:h][ke:i]N[sangen basami (3-space low pincer) (f)]C[Black 1 is a pincer play said to have been developed by the 4th Honinbo Dosaku (1645-1702). This move maintains overall balance while attacking the White kakari stone. It is often used when there is a White stone on the top-left star-point.

White's responses range from 'a' to g', and include playing elsewhere (h8).

White may need the ladder to play 'c'.

White reply at 'i' comes from a 19th century Japanese game.

i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

outcomes:
a1, b2, d4 - Black choice
c3 - White choice
e5 - Taisha
f6 - Black top, White right
g7 - White far top, right; Black corner, near right
h8 - White top]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb]LB[pg:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)])
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[pe];B[pf];W[of];B[pg]))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[oe];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[nb]LB[ob:a]C[White 13 is better than White 'a'. This forces Black to capture White 10.];B[re];W[rf];B[sd]
;W[qf]))
(;W[pd]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

a1 - Black right, White corner
b2 - Black top, White big corner]N[(b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[pg])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[qe]LB[pe:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[re];B[oe];W[pc];B[qb];W[rd];B[nc];W[nb];B[mc];W[pb]C[The two-space high pincer also has this variation; refer to that joseki.])
(;B[re]C[Black 7 is weak.]N[not good (b)];W[rf];B[qf];W[pe]LB[rg:a][rd:b]C[Black must play 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable regardless of the ladder.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[rd];B[sf];W[rc])
(;B[rd]C[Black 11 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[rg]C[Black must play to live in the corner, allowing White to capture Black 9 and gaining great position.]))))
(;W[pe]LB[qe:a][pd:b][qj:c]C[White may need the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a'. 

Black 'b' is not recommended unless cirucumstances favor it, the variation shown in 'c'.]N[White ladder (c)]
(;B[qe]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pf:a][qc:b]N[(a)]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[ic];B[ke];W[qc]LB[pg:a][rc:b]C[White must have the ladder to play 1.

Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[pd];B[ng];W[qf];B[rf];W[rc])
(;B[rc]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[re];W[qh]))
(;W[qc]LB[rc:a][pf:b][pd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pf];B[pd];W[od];B[pc];W[nf];B[hc])
(;B[pf]LB[pd:a][pc:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is safe and weak.]N[(b)]
(;W[pd]LB[qg:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' leads to a fight Black may not like.]N[(a)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[rf];B[qf];W[rc];B[qj])
(;B[rc]C[Black 9 is a tough move that may be an overplay.]N[(b)];W[qf];B[qb];W[pc];B[re];W[rf];B[se];W[qh];B[of];W[ld]))
(;W[pc]C[White 8 is too weak.]N[(b)];B[qi]))
(;B[pd]C[ Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[pc];B[od];W[nd];B[ne];W[md])))
(;B[pd]C[Black 5 is inconsistent with the leisurely distance of the pincer. White should not have a problem settling himself.]N[(b)];W[od];B[oe];W[pf];B[ne];W[qb];B[rf])
(;B[qj]LB[pd:a]C[Black may push through with 'a' if he has support such as at Black 5.]N[(c)];W[pi]LB[pd:a]C[The shoulder hit at White 6 is helpful if Black pushes through and cuts at 'a'.];B[pd];W[od];B[oe];W[pf];B[ne];W[qb];B[rf]
))
(;W[of]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[qg:a][oe:b][hc:c]N[(d)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[ic]LB[ke:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ke]N[(a)];W[ie];B[kg]LB[qc:a][ig:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc]LB[pd:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[qf];B[od];W[nd];B[pe];W[pf];B[ne];W[qi]))
(;W[rd]LB[qe:a][re:b]C[White 12 is selfish. Black plays 'a' while White hopes for 'b'.]N[not good (b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[rb];B[pc];W[qb];B[od];W[pb];B[nd];W[pd];B[pe])
(;B[re]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[qe];W[rb])))
(;W[ig]N[(b)];B[pc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[od:a][pe:b]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[pe];W[oe];B[ph];W[mh];B[ki];W[oh];B[pj])
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pb]LB[qb:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qc];W[mc])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pd];W[od];B[nb];W[ob];B[qb];W[oh]))))
(;B[mc]LB[qc:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pd];B[qb];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[qf];B[od];W[nd];B[pe];W[pf]
;B[nc];W[qi])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[qc];W[qe];B[re];W[rf];B[qf];W[pe];B[rd];W[oh])))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[ne];B[pe]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][lc:b]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nf];W[og]LB[mf:a][ng:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[ld])
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[oh];B[nh];W[qf];B[pf];W[qg];B[qe];W[pg];B[pc];W[le]))
(;W[lc]LB[nf:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[kd];B[og];W[jc])
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[nf]LB[qg:a][lb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[lb])
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[mc];B[qg];W[hd]))))
(;B[hc]N[(c)];W[qf]LB[pc:a][dp:b]C[Black continues at 'a'.

Even if Black plays elsewhere ('b'), the 3-4 stone retains aji.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[od];B[ob];W[nb];B[pb])
(;B[dp]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pc]LB[pb:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' fails.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[pd];W[qb];B[od]C[Black escapes.];W[nc];B[nd];W[md]LB[me:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[me]LB[lc:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[nf];W[kd])
(;W[ne]C[White 18 starts a fight White is likely to lose.]N[(b)];B[mc];W[ld];B[mb]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 17 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[mc];B[pg];W[pf];B[nf];W[og];B[le]))
(;W[pd]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[pb];W[qb];B[od];W[pe];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb]LB[mc:a][rd:b]C[White 'a' and Black captures the corner with 'b'. White 'b' and Black captures two White stones (2 & 16).]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[rd])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[nd])))))
(;W[pf]C[White 4 introduces the taisha, but there are not as many variations as with the 5-3 point.]N[taisha (e)];B[od]LB[pd:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White can only play 'b' with a favorable ladder.]
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pc];B[qe];W[oe];B[nd];W[qc]LB[qf:a][rc:b][re:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.

c3, b2, a1]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[of];B[qh]LB[mb:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a', or if the ladder is favorable, may play 'b'.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[ld]C[

];W[oh];B[pj];W[lg];B[je])
(;W[mc]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[md];W[ld]LB[lc:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' falls into a trap.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[le:a]C[Black must not be able to capture White 18 by playing 'a' for White to play this way.])
(;B[nc]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nb];B[mb];W[lc];B[ob];W[na]LB[ma:a][me:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Both fail, though 'b' may be preferable.]
(;B[ma]N[(a)];W[me];B[oa];W[nb];B[na];W[ne];B[nb];W[lb];B[rc];W[qb];B[rb];W[pa])
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[lb];B[rc];W[pb]))))
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[qg];W[mb];B[ld];W[of];B[rd]LB[ph:a][qi:b]C[Joseki continues with White 'a'.

White 'b' was played by Akaboshi Intetsu in 1835 against Honinbo Jowa. This game was nicknamed "Intetsu's blood-vomiting game", because of a stomach hemorrhage Intetsu had (and died of a month later).]
(;W[ph]N[(a)];B[qh];W[pi];B[rj];W[lg];B[je])
(;W[qi]C[White 18 is not joseki; Black gains a favorable position.];B[ph];W[pi];B[oh];W[mf];B[qb]LB[pb:a][qa:b]C[Black 6 is a clever move. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable. ]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[ra]LB[nc:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives a flower-viewing ko (nothing to lose), inviting defeat.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[me];W[sb];B[lf];W[mg];B[lg];W[mh];B[oi];W[lh];B[pk])
(;W[sb]C[White 28 is premature, and a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[nb];B[pa]))
(;W[qa]C[White 26 eliminates ko potential, but at a cost.]N[(b)];B[sb];W[ra];B[nb];W[nc];B[mc];W[ob];B[lb];W[na])))
(;B[re]LB[mb:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]N[(c)];W[mb];B[md];W[nf];B[rc];W[rb];B[sb];W[ra];B[qh]LB[mc:a][lf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and White suffers a squeeze in sente on the corner stones.]

(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[le];W[lg])
(;W[lf]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb];W[pb];B[nb];W[nc];B[mc];W[lb];B[pa];W[qa];B[oa];W[ma];B[kb]
;W[na])))
(;W[nd]C[White must have the ladder to play 6.]N[White ladder (b)];B[oe];W[pc]LB[qe:a][qc:b][of:c]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable (Black 5 & 7 can be captured in a ladder), or 'b' if the ladder works for Black. White should not have played White 6 if the ladder works for Black.

Black 'c'  was played by Hashimoto Utaro against Kajiwara in 1974.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qc];B[qi])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[qf];W[re];B[rf];W[of])
(;B[of]LB[qc:a][pg:b][pd:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are unreasonable.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[re]LB[rd:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a', which is better than White 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[mc])
(;W[rc]LB[nc:a]C[Black can aim at the cutting point of 'a' later if the ladder favors him.]N[(b)]))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[qc]C[White cannot push through and cut as the ladder no longer exists.])
(;W[pd]C[White 10 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (c)];B[pe];W[qe];B[qf];W[re]LB[nc:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]LB[rd:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a', not 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pb]C[Black 17 is a tesuji.];W[qc];B[pg];W[mc];B[nb];W[mb];B[md];W[ne];B[ob])
(;W[qc]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rf];W[rd];B[pg];W[mc];B[nb];W[mb];B[md];W[ne];B[mf]))
(;B[pg]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rd])))))
(;W[qg]N[niken-basami (2-space pincer) (f)];B[pe];W[qj]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][pc:b]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mc]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[nc:a][md:b][ld:c]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[md];W[lc];B[ld];W[kb];B[jb];W[jc];B[kd];W[lb];B[ic]C[Black needs the ladder.];W[qb]
;B[pc];W[pb];B[od]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[jd])
(;W[rc]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ob];W[oa];B[ma];W[na];B[ka];W[mb]LB[jd:a][hb:b]C[If White now plays 'a', Black can play 'b'.]))
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[lc]LB[ld:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[ld]N[(a)];W[kb]LB[jb:a][jc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[jb]N[(a)];W[jc];B[kd]LB[ib:a][lb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]
(;W[ib]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[lb]N[(b)];B[ic];W[qb];B[rb]LB[qc:a][pb:b]C[White 'a' is better than White 'b'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[re];B[rd];W[pc]LB[nc:a][nb:b][qa:c]C[If the Black 'a', White 'b' exchange had been made, White 24 would not be necessary. As it is, without White 24, Black 'c' kills the White group.])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[qc]LB[nc:a][dp:b]C[White must play 'a'. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[nc]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, and will be killed for it.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[nb];W[nc];B[ka];W[la];B[oa]))))
(;B[jc]C[Black 13 is weak.]N[mistake (b)];W[jb];B[ic];W[pb]))
(;B[kd]C[Black 11 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];W[kb];B[jb];W[ld];B[le];W[ke];B[lf];W[lb];B[id];W[qc];B[rc];W[pc]
;B[re]LB[oe:a]C[Black must play 23 to defend against White 'a'.]))
(;B[ld]N[(c)];W[qb];B[rb];W[kb];B[jb]LB[md:a][lb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature, and leads to ko.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[me];W[lb];B[jc];W[qc];B[rc];W[pc];B[ne]C[The joseki ends.];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[nc];W[nb];B[ka]LB[ma:a][la:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a deadly mistake.]

(;W[ma]N[(a)];B[lc];W[oa])
(;W[la]C[White 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oa];W[pa];B[ob];W[na];B[mb]))
(;W[lb]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[md]C[White must add a stone.];W[]N[White tenuki: mistake]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.];B[nc];W[nb];B[ka];W[ma];B[lc];W[oa];B[mb]C[White must fight the ko for life.])))
(;B[pc]LB[pb:a][ld:b][od:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is heavy.]N[(b)]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[qb];W[of];B[nd])
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[kd];W[le];B[ke];W[lf];B[jg];W[lh])
(;W[od]C[White 8 is heavy.]N[not good (c)];B[md];W[oe];B[pf];W[nf];B[pg])))
(;W[ic]LB[pf:a][pe:b]C[White 4 may be appropriate when White has support at top left.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is slow.]N[top pincer (g)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qb];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[pe];B[od]LB[of:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', 'a' if the ladder is favorable, 'b' if not.]

(;W[of]LB[oe:a][nd:b]C[White must have the ladder from Black 15 (at 'b') to play this way.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]N[White ladder (a)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[qf];B[pg];W[og];B[oh];W[nh]LB[nf:a][md:b][ng:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake. 

Black 'c' gives White superior thickness for 20 points of Black territory.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[ng];B[mi];W[mf];B[nc];W[nd];B[ob];W[ne];B[oc];W[oi];B[ph];W[pi];B[rg]
;W[rh];B[qg];W[ni]C[The result slightly favors Black.])
(;B[md]C[Black 23, trying to block White's ladder, is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ph];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[qi];B[pi];W[rh])
(;B[ng]C[Black 23 gives Black about 20 points of territory, but White has superior thickness.]N[not good (c)];W[nf];B[mf];W[mg];B[ne];W[ng];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh];W[me];B[nd];W[mc]
;B[nc];W[nb];B[ob];W[md];B[oc];W[oi];B[qh];W[lf]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 17 is submissive, and give White good shape.]N[mistake (b)];W[pg];B[ld]))
(;W[oe]C[White 16 if ladders are unfavorable.]N[Black ladder (b)];B[nd]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[of:a][ld:b]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[ld])
(;W[ld]C[White 18 is a preference in style compared to the previous variation. White 18 is intended to annoy and for later aji.]N[(b)];B[ne];W[of];B[kd])))
(;B[pe]C[Black 5 was popular around 1800, when Genjo and Chitoku were playing. It is a slow way of playing.]N[slow (b)];W[nd];B[ke];W[ld];B[kd];W[qb]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (h)];B[pc];W[od];B[pf]LB[le:a][ke:b][ld:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[le]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[jd:a][ke:b][hc:c]N[(a)]
(;B[jd]N[(a)];W[jf];B[ph])
(;B[ke]N[(b)];W[kf];B[je];W[ld];B[lc];W[mc];B[hc];W[lg];B[ph])
(;B[hc]N[(c)];W[id];B[ic];W[lc];B[lb];W[kd];B[jc];W[mc];B[ph]))
(;W[ke]LB[le:a][id:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[lf];B[me];W[of];B[kf];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[je];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf];B[re]
;W[qe];B[pe];W[oe];B[qe];W[nh])
(;B[id]N[(b)];W[lc]LB[ld:a][lb:b]C[Black starts a fight with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[ld]LB[pd:a][kd:b]C[Black starts a fight with 11.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][qc:b]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]LB[qc:a][kd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pb];B[mc];W[rb])
(;W[kd]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[lb];B[mb];W[md];B[le];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ib];W[nb];B[me]
;W[nd];B[pb];W[of];B[kf];W[og];B[qh]))
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[kd];B[mc];W[lb];B[mb]LB[md:a][kb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[le];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ib];W[nb];B[me];W[nd];B[nf];W[pb];B[qb];W[pa]
;B[qg]LB[qe:a]C[Black 31, to prevent White 'a', cannot be omitted.];W[jf])
(;W[kb]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[me];W[jc];B[nf])))
(;W[kd]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[lb];B[mb];W[md];B[le];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ib];W[nb];B[me]
;W[nd];B[nf];W[pd];B[qe];W[qc];B[rc];W[pb];B[kf]))
(;B[lb]C[Black 11 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[ld]LB[jb:a][ph:b]C[Black 'a' is honte (proper), but gives White a start on a favorable fight. Black 'b' gives White Black 11. Thus Black 11 is bad.]
(;B[jb]N[(a)];W[qe]LB[pe:a][qf:b]C[White provokes a fight with 14.
Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unbearably submissive.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[qc:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' gives up too much.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qf]C[A fight where Black's prospects are not great.])
(;B[qf]C[Black 17 is bad.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[re];W[rc]))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[pe];B[re]LB[rf:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]))
(;B[ph]N[(b)];W[jc];B[jd];W[kb];B[kd];W[ib]))))
(;W[ld]C[White 8 does not work well.]N[not good (c)];B[kd];W[le];B[ke];W[lf]LB[gc:a][jg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.];B[gc];W[qe];B[qf];W[pe];B[re]
;W[rf]LB[rd:a][rg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to keep the corner or 'b' to emphasize the side.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[of];B[rg])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[rd];B[sf];W[qc]LB[ph:a][pi:b][oh:c]C[Black extends somewhere around 'a' to 'c'.])))
(;W[ke]C[White 4 was played in an 1822 game between Honinbo Jowa (White) and Toyama Sansetsu (Black).
]AB[dc][dq][cp][bq][cr][do][fo][fn]AW[fm][gn][go][fp][ep][eq][pq]N[(i)];B[je]
;W[jf];B[jd];W[if];B[he];W[pe];B[qe];W[pg];B[pf];W[of];B[qf];W[qh]C[White 16 is usually unreasonable, as Black can cut, but White's thickness in the center (White 4, 6, 8, and stones on the lower left) makes it possible in this instance.];B[pc]C[Black 17 is necessary to live in the corner.]
;W[pn]C[White starts a moyo, revealing the logic for White 16.];B[kq];W[mq];B[hq];W[dl];B[dm];W[em];B[dn];W[ip];B[mr];W[iq];B[nq];W[no]
;B[mp];W[ln];B[pr];W[mf];B[hf];W[de];B[ce];W[cf];B[cd];W[hg];B[gg];W[hh];B[gh]
;W[gi];B[eh];W[ci];B[qq];W[dg];B[ef];W[eg];B[ff];W[df];B[fi];W[ec];B[ed];W[dd]
;B[cc];W[ee];B[fd];W[fe];B[ge];W[gd];B[fc];W[ie];B[hd];W[gc];B[eb];W[id];B[hc]
;W[ic];B[ib];W[gj];B[rn];W[ro];B[qi];W[pi];B[qj];W[rh];B[qn];W[qo];B[pm];W[pp]
;B[on];W[po];B[om];W[ql];B[rl];W[or];B[oo];W[qr];B[pj];W[np];B[nr];W[op];B[jr]
;W[ir];B[lp];W[oi];B[pl];W[ob];B[od];W[mc];B[pb]C[Move 103 in the diagram (actual move: 119) was the last move of the game. This game is known as "the eternally unfinished game".]))
(;B[md]LB[oe:a][ne:b][qc:c][mc:d][pe:e][dp:f]C[Black 3 is typical of the severity of modern Go. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('f'). Responses range from 'a' to 'd'. White 'e' is a trick play, not joseki.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[ikken takabasmi (1-space high pincer) (g)]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pf]LB[kd:a][ph:b][me:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.  White 'b' does not work very well with the high pincer, so is not recommended.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)];B[mf]LB[mc:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is bad, as it gives Black solidity on the fourth line.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[nd];W[nc];B[od]LB[pc:a][pd:b]C[Joseki continues with White 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable resistance.]
(;W[pc]LB[pd:a][qc:b]CR[lc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.  Black 'a' as joseki is recent. Black 'b' is the old pattern - Black takes more area,  but may end in gote and loses the hane at the red dot.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[pd];B[pe];W[ld];B[of]))
(;W[pd]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[Black 'a' is best, as White 12 is unreasonable. If Black 'b', White 'a', and the old joseki pattern of 2-1-7-1-1-2 results.]N[(b)];B[pc];W[pe];B[qe];W[of];B[og]LB[qf:a][qc:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither are favorable for White.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[nf];W[pg];B[ne];W[pf];B[qc]LB[lc:a][ph:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pb];W[qf];B[nf];W[pg];B[ne];W[pf];B[rc];W[ld];B[ph];W[oh];B[ng];W[qh]
;B[pi];W[re];B[rd];W[rg];B[se];W[rf];B[ri];W[qi];B[qj];W[pj];B[oi];W[rj];B[qk]
;W[rh];B[rk];W[si];B[nh]C[White is sealed in.])))
(;W[of]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg]LB[mc:a][og:b][ph:c]C[White has lost the connection under at 'a', and is at a loss for a good move. A White push at 'b' and Black replies with 'c', increasing White's loss.]))
(;W[ph]LB[of:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is better. ]N[(b)]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[ne];B[pc];W[ob];B[ng];W[me]LB[oi:a][pk:b][kd:c]C[Next, Black can play at 'a', 'b' or 'c'. 'c' leads to immediate fighting.])
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[oh];B[nf];W[qc];B[rc];W[ne]LB[ng:a][me:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[ng]N[(a)];W[me];B[pc])
(;B[me]C[Black 13 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[of];B[og];W[ng];B[mf];W[qe]C[Black cannot save his three stones.])))
(;W[me]N[(c)];B[le];W[mf];B[kd];W[ph];B[of];W[nd];B[mc];W[nh];B[qb];W[lh]))
(;W[ne]LB[pf:a][qg:b][pe:c][me:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. 

Black 'd' is not recommended, but may work depending upon surrounding conditions.]N[(b)]
(;B[pf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[me:a][qc:b]N[(a)]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[pc];W[od];B[ph];W[jd])
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][pd:b]N[(b)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qe]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qb:a][me:b]
(;W[qb]LB[qj:a][me:b]C[Black continues by making an extension such as 'a'. Black 'b' is also possible depending upon circumstances.]N[(a)]
(;B[qj]N[(a)];W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[me];W[og];B[pg];W[oh];B[ph];W[oi])
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[of];B[og];W[pe];B[nf];W[qf];B[oe];W[rf];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[rh];B[qi]
))
(;W[me]N[(b)]))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[nd];W[od];B[oe]C[This is a strong way to play. 

Fujisawa Shuko and Sakata Eio played this sequence often in their Meijin tournament matches in the 1960's.];W[nf];B[nb];W[nc];B[mc];W[ob];B[ph];W[lf]
;B[jd])))
(;B[qg]LB[pf:a][me:b][qc:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 

White 'a' gives White thickness, while Black gets a big corner; the result favors Black slightly.

White 'b' emphasizes the top.

White 'c' has been seen in at least one professional game (Rin Kaiho (B) vs. Fujisawa Shuko (W) in the 4th Meijin league 1965--01-13). The move may be considered an attempt to avoid the disadvantage of White 'a'. White gets settled in the corner and Black on the right side.]N[(a)]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qb];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[rf];B[od];W[pe]
;B[nd];W[qi]C[The result slightly favors Black.])
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[kd];W[mc])
(;W[qc]N[(c)];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Both sides get settled.

Black 'b' is a change in direction that render Black 3 and 5 superfluous.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[pe]C[Black 3 and 5 has been rendered useless.])))
(;B[pe]N[(c)];W[me]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pc:a][ld:b]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[ob];B[ph];W[ld])
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[nd];B[le];W[lf];B[kf];W[kg];B[lg];W[mf];B[jf];W[lh];B[qh]))
(;B[me]N[(d)];W[nf]LB[qg:a][mf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[mf];B[ke])
(;B[mf]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qf];B[ng];W[pe])))
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][pd:b]N[(c)]
(;B[rc]LB[pd:a][rb:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. White 'b' may be possible.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[qb];B[pg]LB[rb:a][dp:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. But White may play elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[qk])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White tenuki (b)]LB[rb:a][nc:b]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[mb])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[ob];W[rd];B[re];W[sc]LB[od:a]C[Black can continue with 'a' or play elsewhere.];B[od];W[pc];B[pe])))
(;W[rb]C[White 6 was played by Fujisawa Shuko against Go Seigen on July 3, 1964.]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qb];B[pd];W[rd];B[re];W[sc]C[While Black cannot be disatisfied, White has life in the corner and sente.]))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[od]LB[nd:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'a' is preferable, but may lead to complications.]
(;W[nd]LB[ne:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nc];B[me];W[lc];B[pj])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[ne]LB[mc:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[pf];W[ng];B[ph])
(;B[mb]N[(b)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[pf]LB[ob:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' to live in the corner, or 'b' to exchange the corner for center influence.]
(;W[ob]C[White takes the corner.]N[White corner (a)];B[me];W[nf];B[mf];W[ng];B[ph])
(;W[me]C[White chooses influence over territory.]N[White thickness (b)];B[ob];W[ld];B[pb];W[mc];B[nb];W[lb];B[qb]))))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[lc];B[pj])))
(;W[mc]LB[nd:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' involves a ladder.]N[(d)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[nc];B[od]LB[pd:a][ld:b][pc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are inferior.]
(;W[pd]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pe];B[qc]LB[lc:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is fierce.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[rf]LB[pg:a][nf:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. White 'b' was played by Fujisawa Shuko against Go Seigen in the 3rd Meijin League on July 3, 1964.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[mf])
(;W[nf]AW[cc][po][dq]AB[pq][co]N[(b)]C[White 'b' was played by Fujisawa Shuko against Go Seigen in the 3rd Meijin League on July 3, 1964. The colors in the diagram shown are reversed from the actual game.];B[ld];W[kd];B[mf];W[ng];B[kf];W[ke];B[le]
;W[jf];B[kg];W[pj];B[dd];W[dc];B[ed];W[be];B[dg];W[ie];B[ec];W[fp];B[mp];W[hc]
;B[cf];W[ce];B[de];W[bf];B[ch];W[cp];B[pm];W[qg];B[rg];W[do];B[nm];W[mj];B[mg]
;W[qq];B[qr];W[rr];B[qp];W[rq];B[pp];W[pr];B[or];W[qs];B[nh];W[oh];B[ni];W[nj]
;B[oi];W[pi];B[og];W[ph];B[of];W[oj];B[qk];W[rh];B[kj];W[ml];B[dn];W[cn];B[cm]
;W[bo];B[bn];W[mm];B[nn];W[rp];B[qo];W[ip];B[co];W[qf];B[qe];W[cn]C[White ending up winning by 2 points.]))
(;W[ld]C[White 12 shows ferocity.]N[hane (b)];B[nf];W[qe];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[kb];B[jc];W[pb];B[qb]LB[jb:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a' to make life. White 'b' is tough.]

(;W[jb]N[(a)];B[ic];W[ob];B[re];W[rf];B[se];W[pg];B[sb])
(;W[ob]N[(b)]C[White 22 was played by Sakata Eio against Go Seigen in 1958.];B[re];W[rf];B[se];W[pg];B[jb]C[Black 27 stops White from getting two eyes.];W[sc]C[White 28 makes the corner a ko.])))
(;B[pe]C[Black 9 is cowardly.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[qe];W[ld]))
(;W[ld]C[White 8 gives Black the corner and solid shape.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[kc])
(;W[pc]LB[pd:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[not good (c)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[ld];B[le];W[ke];B[kd];W[lc];B[lf];W[je];B[pj])
(;B[ld]C[Black 9 does not work as well as other options.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[qf];W[re];B[pf];W[rd];B[lc])))
(;B[lc]C[Black 5 may involve a ladder.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[ld]LB[nc:a][kc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'.

Black 'b' yields significant influence, but White gets better corner territory. Black must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;B[nc]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[mb];B[me]LB[nd:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nd]LB[ne:a][kd:b]C[Black changes direction and continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is bad. ]N[(a)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nb];B[pe];W[kd];B[qj])
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[ne];B[le];W[qf]C[Trying to make Black live in the corner will give White great outside strength.]))
(;W[nb]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[kd];W[pe];B[qe];W[pf];B[qg]))
(;B[kc]LB[pe:a][qe:b]C[Black 7 gives White superior profit in the corner.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an old pattern that isn't necessarily favorable.]N[(b)]
(;W[pe]LB[me:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[qe];B[nc];W[ob];B[nb];W[nd];B[mb];W[qg])
(;B[qe]C[Black 9 is unreasonably greedy.]N[mistake (b)];W[me];B[nd];W[ne]LB[od:a][nc:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pd];B[nc];W[nb];B[mb];W[oe];B[mc];W[qf])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[od];B[nb];W[ob];B[mb];W[qg])))
(;W[qe]LB[pe:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not as favorable.]N[(b)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qf];W[re];B[rf])
(;B[pd]C[This is an old pattern, but not favorable for Black.]N[(b)];W[me];B[nd];W[od];B[ne];W[oe];B[nf];W[pe])))))
(;W[pe]LB[pd:a][qe:b]N[(e)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake. ]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od];B[oe]LB[pf:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is disadvantageous.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[of];W[pg]LB[pb:a][og:b]C[Black 'a' is a mistake. 

Black continues with 'b'.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[ob];B[mb];W[pc];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[pa];B[ra];W[re]LB[qa:a][rc:b][nd:c]C[Black must continue with 'a'. The corner becomes a seki.

Neither Black 'b' nor 'c' work. Black 'c' is worse, as White may mistake if Black plays 'b'. 

c3, b2, a1]

(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[rc];B[rd];W[sd];B[sc];W[se];B[na];W[qe];B[rc];W[oa];B[nb];W[sb]C[And the corner is a seki.]
)
(;B[rc]LB[qe:a][ne:b]C[White 'a' is a mistake. White 'b' is correct.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[mistake (a)];B[nd];W[rd];B[nb];W[sc];B[na];W[oa];B[qa];W[sb];B[pb])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nf];W[mc];B[lc];W[me];B[nd];W[le];B[nh];W[ld];B[nc];W[nb];B[mc];W[na]
;B[qa];W[kc];B[kb];W[lb];B[la];W[ma]))
(;B[qa]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 21 is a mistake.];W[rd];B[rc];W[qe];B[nd];W[sc];B[nb];W[sb];B[pb];W[oa];B[nc];W[qb]
))
(;B[og]LB[re:a][qb:b]C[White may continue wth 'a' or 'b', neither giving a favorable result.]N[(b)]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc];W[ob];B[qb];W[mb];B[rd];W[kc];B[ph];W[qh];B[qi];W[pi]
;B[oh];W[ri];B[qg];W[qj];B[rg])
(;W[qb];B[ph];W[rf];B[re];W[qh];B[qi];W[pi];B[oh];W[rh];B[ri];W[qj];B[rj];W[rk]
;B[pj];W[si];B[qk];W[sj];B[oi];W[rl];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc]LB[ob:a][rb:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b', neither successful.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[rb];W[pa];B[ra])
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[ob]))))
(;W[ne]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[nd];B[pf];W[mc]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf];B[qg];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[rh];W[pg];B[qh];W[re];B[sg];W[qc]
;B[rd];W[jd]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, not joseki.]N[White tenuki ];B[od];W[pc];B[pd];W[nc];B[nd]))
(;B[ld]LB[qc:a][nd:b][pd:c][pe:d][of:e][oe:f][me:g][md:h][qf:i][qg:j][pg:k][dp:l]C[The two-space high pincer is most common. This pincer typifies modern Go, as it maintains balance between territory and influence, offers a plethora of options, and has few weaknesses.

White responses range from 'a' to 'k'. White plays elsewhere with 'l'.

l12, k11, j10, i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[nikken takabasmi (2-space high pincer) (h)]
(;W[qc]LB[rc:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not good enough.]N[(a)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][qb:b]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pg])
(;B[qb]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][pe:b]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc]LB[oe:a][pe:b]C[Black 11 completes the "plum bowl" shape.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[Black plum bowl]
(;W[oe]LB[ob:a][dp:b][pf:c]C[Black should continue with 'a'. Playing elsewhere with 'b' results in a local loss. White 'c' is an overplay that may work.]N[(a)]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[nc];B[mb]C[The joseki ends.];W[nb]C[White's later continuation.];B[na];W[mc];B[lc];W[lb];B[ma];W[kb];B[jc])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere; not recommended.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[nb];B[re];W[rf];B[sd];W[qf])
(;B[pf]C[White 13 is an overplay.]N[overplay (c)];W[pe];B[nd]LB[od:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[ph]LB[nb:a][rf:b]C[With forcing moves at 'a' and 'b', White will have no trouble settling himself.])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nc];W[me];B[kc];W[pj]LB[lb:a]C[White may hope for more from his moyo at right than Black's territory at top. Black is left with a weak point at 'a' where White may play in.])))
(;W[pe]C[White must have the ladder at 2 to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[nc];W[qi];B[ob]))
(;W[pe]C[White needs a favorable ladder at 2 to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[qc];W[qf];B[nc];W[od];B[ob];W[me];B[mc])))
(;B[pd]C[Black 5 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[od];W[nd];B[ne]LB[nc:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a', though White 'b' is possible with a favorable ladder.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[me];W[qj])
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[nc];W[md];B[mc]LB[lc:a][nf:b]C[If the ladder off White 10 is favorable, White may play 'a'. Otherwise 'b' is the only move left.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[lb];W[kc];B[kd]LB[jc:a][mf:b]C[If the ladder off 'b' is not favorable to White, White collapses as 'a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[rc];W[rb];B[rd];W[nb];B[mb];W[na];B[kc]LB[sb:a][pg:b]C[White lives with 'a' as considerable disadvantage. White 'b' and the corner can be killed through a ko.]
(;W[sb]N[(a)];B[qh])
(;W[pg]LB[ra:a][sb:b]C[White risks the corner. Black must play 'a', not 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[ra]N[(a)];W[sb];B[pa];W[pb];B[ma];W[ob];B[qb]LB[mf:a]C[While White captures first, Black has a ko threat at 'a'.])
(;B[sb]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 23 is a mistake.];W[ra]C[White lives.]))))))
(;W[nd]LB[pf:a][pg:b][pc:c][oe:d][pb:e]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'e'. Black 'd' can result in complications. ]N[(b)]
(;B[pf]LB[qc:a][qb:b][jc:c][dp:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White playing elsewhere ('d') is unthinkable.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is reckless.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb])
(;B[qb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[pe]))
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[qj]LB[nf:a][jc:b][id:c][dp:d]C[White follows up with the jump to 'a' for influence, but a pincer at 'b' or 'c' is usual. 'd' show variations when White plays elsewhere.]
(;W[nf]C[White aims for influence at a juncture point.]N[ikken-tobi (1-space jump) (a)])
(;W[jc]N[1-space low pincer (b)])
(;W[id]N[2-space high pincer (c)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (d)];B[mc]LB[rc:a][cq:b]C[White continues with 'a'. 'b' shows follow-up if White plays elsewhere.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rd];W[nb];B[mb];W[oe])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (b)]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a'. Black cannot play 'b' immediately.]LB[pd:a][ob:b]
(;B[pd]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[Black 11 seems innocuous, but it is the vital point. White defends with 'a'.  White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[rc])
(;W[rc]LB[ob:a][nc:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' results in Black gote.]N[(b)]
(;B[ob]LB[nb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is out of the question.]N[(a)]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[nc];W[pb];B[od];W[oa])
(;W[pb]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb]))
(;B[nc]N[not good (b)]C[Black 13 results in Black gote, so is not good.];W[ob];B[od])))
(;B[ob]C[Black 11 is premature.]N[mistake (b)];W[nb];B[nc]LB[pd:a][pb:b]C[White continues with the tesjui of 'a'. White 'b' fails to punish Black for the mistake of Black 11.]
(;W[pd]C[White 14 is the vital point for both players.]N[vital point (a)];B[pb];W[pc];B[mb];W[qe];B[qf];W[re])
(;W[pb]C[White 14 is a mistake. White fails to punish Black.]N[mistake (b)];B[od];W[pc];B[pd])))))
(;W[jc]N[(c)];B[ke];W[hd])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a huge mistake.]N[White tenuki - mistake (d)];B[pc];W[nf];B[ph]C[White is in trouble.]))
(;B[pg]LB[qb:a][qi:b][jc:c][qc:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' gives Black a favorable result.]N[(b)]
(;W[qb]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qk:a][mf:b]N[(a)]
(;B[qk]LB[qf:a]C[White can continue with a placement move at 'a', but this should not be played too early in the game.]N[(a)];W[qf]LB[pf:a][qg:b]C[Black can get thick with 'a' or sente with 'b' (with 'b', in exchange for enlarging White's corner territory.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[qe];B[pe];W[rd];B[pd];W[qc];B[qg])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[qe];B[of];W[pd]))
(;B[mf]LB[qi:a][nf:b]C[Black 'b' shows a moyo strategy. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is just what Black wants.]N[Black moyo (b)];W[qi];B[pl];W[oi];B[oe]))
(;W[qi]LB[qb:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black can get sente with 'a'.]N[(b)]
(;B[qb]LB[nf:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible.]N[Black sente (a)]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[oe];W[ne];B[oh];W[lf];B[id])
(;W[jc]AW[dd][ep][fq][qo]AB[pq][cp][dq][eq]N[niken-basami (2-space pincer) (b)]C[White 8 was played by Takagawa Shukaku against Rin Kaiho in the 8th Meijin Title (October 2 & 3, 1969), 5th Game.

Did this start a fight?];B[ke];W[lb];B[id];W[jd];B[je]
;W[ie];B[gd];W[if];B[ic];W[ib];B[hb];W[jb];B[gf];W[fe];B[ge];W[ih];B[oe];W[ne]
;B[kh];W[ng];B[pi];W[pj];B[oi];W[qh];B[og];W[lf];B[jg];W[ig];B[lg];W[mg];B[mh]
;W[nh];B[ni];W[pl];B[mi];W[le];B[kd];W[mc];B[gh];W[ij];B[cf];W[fb];B[ef];W[ce]
;B[bf];W[hc];B[hd];W[gc]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[pb];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc];W[pe];B[qf];W[nf]))
(;W[jc]C[White 6 is possible with White support at top-left.]N[(c)];B[ke];W[hd];B[qb];W[nf];B[oe];W[ne];B[kg];W[nh];B[pi])
(;W[qc]C[White 6 helps Black.]N[not good (d)];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qb];B[qk]))
(;B[pc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pb:a][pe:b]N[(c)]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc];W[pe];B[qf]LB[pg:a][pf:b][og:c][dp:d]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended. White 'd' shows variations if White plays elsewhere.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[pf];W[of];B[qe];W[ng];B[oh];W[og];B[qh];W[ph];B[qi])
(;W[pf]C[White 12 lets Black stay ahead.]N[not good (b)];B[qg];W[pg];B[ph];W[oh];B[oi];W[nh];B[pi])
(;W[og]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[qg]C[White has no good follow-up.])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (d)]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a not recommended.]LB[qg:a][pf:b]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[nf])
(;B[pf]C[Black 13 looks severe, but gives White a chance to make good shape. Pushing moves like Black 13 are usually vulgar.]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (b)];W[of];B[og];W[nf];B[ng];W[mf])))
(;W[pe]LB[pd:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. While odd shape, it is the vital point.

Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[qe]LB[od:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[oe];B[nc];W[mc];B[ob]LB[ne:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[mb];W[pj])
(;W[md]C[White 14 lets Black cut.]N[mistake (b)];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[pg];B[mb];W[lc];B[mf];W[le];B[lf]))
(;B[ob]N[(b)];W[oe];B[mc];W[pi];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[pb]LB[qb:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is less favorable.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[nb];B[nc];W[oa];B[od];W[rd])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[rd]C[White sneaks into the corner.])))
(;B[qe]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[qc];W[pf];B[qg])))
(;B[oe]LB[pd:a][qc:b][ne:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]N[(d)]
(;W[pd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][pe:b]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]LB[qc:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives Black a better result.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][pe:b]N[(a)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qf:a][pf:b]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pf];B[pg]LB[qb:a][og:b][dp:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c', playing elsewhere, is not recommended.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)])
(;W[og]N[(b)];B[ph];W[qb])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (c)];B[og];W[of]C[White must play 16 or suffer greatly.];B[ng]C[The sequence ends.];W[qg]C[White 18 is a mistake.];B[qh];W[rg];B[rf];W[rh];B[qi]LB[sf:a][ri:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]

(;W[sf]C[With White 24, White gets a ko.]N[ko (a)];B[se];W[rd];B[sg];W[sh];B[ri];W[sf])
(;W[ri]C[White fills in his own liberties with 24.]N[mistake (b)];B[rj];W[rd];B[sg]C[White loses.])))
(;B[pf]C[Black 11 leads to difficult variations.]N[(b)];W[qf]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qb:a][rf:b]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pc];B[re];W[rf];B[se];W[qh]LB[mf:a][me:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a trick play that White can outplay.]
(;B[mf]LB[nf:a][of:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[nf]LB[pg:a][ph:b][ng:c]C[White 20 is a tesuji. 

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]LB[ne:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[ph];W[qi];B[pi];W[qj];B[mg];W[lc];B[kc]LB[lb:a][ng:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)];B[kd])
(;W[ng]N[(b)]))
(;W[me]LB[ph:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(b)]
(;B[ph]LB[le:a][qi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[qi];W[kd])
(;W[qi]C[White 24 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[le];W[pi];B[ng]))
(;B[le]N[not good (b)];W[ph];B[ng];W[mg];B[lf];W[og];B[of];W[nh];B[ne];W[md];B[ng];W[rb];B[oh]
;W[sb];B[oi]LB[qj:a][dp:b]C[White must continue with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is a  mistake.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[pj]LB[ri:a][qk:b]C[White must continue with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ri]N[(a)])
(;W[qk]C[White 40 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ri];W[rh];B[qi];W[pi];B[sh]LB[rj:a][rg:b][sg:c]C[White 'a', 'b', and 'c' all fail.]
(;W[rj]N[(a)];B[rg])
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[sg])
(;W[sg]N[(c)];B[qg])))
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]C[White cannot afford to play elsewhere.];B[qg];W[rg];B[ri];W[rh];B[qi];W[sf];B[pi];W[sd]))))
(;B[ph]LB[me:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[pg];W[le];B[qi];W[kd])
(;W[pg]C[White 22 is a mistake, as it plays into Black's hands.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[og];B[ne];W[me];B[ng]C[White has no good follow-up.]))
(;B[ng]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[og];B[of];W[ne];B[pg];W[oh];B[ph];W[pi];B[oi];W[nh];B[qi];W[pj]
;B[qg];W[mg]))
(;W[of]C[White 20 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg]LB[ne:a][nf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[ph];W[qi];B[nf];W[og];B[nh])
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[ph];W[qi];B[mg])))
(;B[me]LB[nf:a][of:b][ne:c]C[White 19 is a trick play. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' don't work.]N[trick (c)]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[ne];W[of];B[pg];W[oh])
(;W[of]C[White 20 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg];W[ne];B[ph];W[qi];B[pi];W[qj];B[nf];W[og];B[ng];W[oh];B[ni]
)
(;W[ne]C[White 20 is ridiculous.]N[mistake (c)];B[nf])))
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qg];B[pg];W[qh];B[ph];W[qi]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qb:a][pi:b]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pc];B[rb]LB[pi:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not generally recommended.]
(;W[pi]N[(a)];B[mf];W[lb];B[kb];W[kc];B[lc];W[jb];B[mb];W[ka];B[mc];W[kd];B[le];W[jf]
)
(;W[me]LB[pi:a]C[White 22 is not recommended, as Black gets the vital point at 'a'.]N[not good (b)];B[pi];W[qj];B[ok]))
(;B[pi]N[(b)];W[rb]LB[qb:a][qj:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake..]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pc];B[re]LB[qj:a][sc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is small and greedy.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[sb];W[pj];B[mf];W[lb])
(;W[sc]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qj];W[rj];B[rk]LB[sd:a]C[White cannot avoid a ko at 'a'.]))
(;B[qj]N[(b)];W[sd];B[re];W[rg];B[qb];W[pc]LB[sb:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[sb]N[(a)];W[rd];B[ra];W[sf]LB[pj:a]C[White can now aim at the cut at 'a'.])
(;B[rd]C[Black 27 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[sc];B[ra];W[sb]))))))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[rc];B[ne]C[This result favors White slightly.]))
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[pf];W[qc];B[qg];W[rf];B[qf];W[rc];B[ne]C[This result slightly favors Black.]))
(;B[pe]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(b)]
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[re:a][rc:b]N[(a)]
(;B[re]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][ne:b]N[(a)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[ne]C[Black builds thickness when it works well, as White has considerable corner profit.])
(;W[ne]LB[nf:a][rc:b]C[White gets out to the center, but at a cost. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[mf];B[ng];W[le];B[rc];W[kd])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[ng];B[id]LB[qf:a][od:b]C[White should not peep at 'a', as Black will play 'b' and White is in gote.])))
(;B[rc]C[Kajiwara Takeo 9-dan invented Black 9, an uncompromising move.]N[(b)];W[rd];B[qe]LB[rb:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[od];W[pc];B[re];W[ne];B[nf];W[mf];B[ng];W[le];B[mg];W[ke])
(;W[re]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb];W[pc];B[sb]LB[qf:a][ra:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work, as Black captures the two White stones.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[ra])
(;W[ra]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rf]))))
(;W[qe]C[White 8 gives Black superior thickness at best.]N[not good (b)];B[qf];W[re];B[qc];W[rf];B[ne];W[pc];B[qb]LB[pb:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[rd];B[md]LB[nb:a]C[Black 'a' later is sente.])
(;W[qg]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb]LB[nc:a][mc:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[mb];W[pb];B[pa]C[White loses the fight by one move.])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[lc];W[mb];B[lb];W[pb];B[pa];W[oa];B[qa];W[la]LB[na:a][ka:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' gives White a ko.]
(;B[na]N[(a)];W[ma];B[jb])
(;B[ka]C[A ko fight ensues.]N[ko (b)];W[na]))))))
(;W[qc]C[White 6 is a mistake in order. Black gains advantage.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc];W[pd];B[qb];W[pe];B[pc];W[pb];B[qc];W[of];B[qf];W[pf];B[qg]
)
(;W[ne]C[White 6 is ridiculous.]N[mistake (c)];B[of]LB[nf:a][pd:b]C[White 'a' is worse than White 'b'.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[og]LB[lf:a][pd:b][qc:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is bad.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[id])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[qe];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb]LB[lb:a][mc:b]C[White cannot continue at 'a' because of Black 'b'.])
(;W[qc]C[White 10 compounds the original mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[rc];W[pd];B[qb]LB[qe:a][pe:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pc])
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[od];B[qf])))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[qe];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[qh]LB[mc:a]C[Black still has the eye stealing move at 'a'.])))
(;B[pb]C[Black 5 is a recent innovation credited to Cho Chikun.]N[(e)];W[qc];B[pc];W[pd];B[pe];W[od];B[rc];W[qe];B[rd]LB[ob:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake, even if the ladder works.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[qf];W[qb];B[rb];W[pa]TR[ld]C[Black 3, now weakened, has lost much of its original meaning.])
(;W[pf]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ob]LB[mc:a]C[White now faces the prospect of Black connecting to the pincer stone (Black 3) by playing 'a'.])))
(;W[pd]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[This play has lost popularity, as the pincer is well placed to counter White 4. 

Black continues with 'a' (joseki), and close fighting starts. 

Black 'b' is spiritless, almost inconceivable. White settles himself in sente.]N[tsuki-atari (bang against) (c)]
(;B[qc]LB[qe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' (joseki). White 'b' leads to a local loss.]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]LB[pe:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[re]LB[oe:a][nd:b][pf:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'a' is severe. Black 'b' gives an equal result, allowing White to settle his stones. Black 'c' relies on Black playing the 2-2 point in the corner to live. ]
(;B[oe]LB[pc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives White a low position.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[qb]LB[rd:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a'.  White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]LB[nb:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', but 'b' is better.]N[(a)]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[nc];B[mc];W[pb];B[nd];W[rb])
(;B[nc]LB[nb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable. White can only play 'b' if the ladder favors White.]N[(b)]
(;W[nb]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is a simple, older joseki.]LB[mc:a][mb:b]N[(a)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[mb];W[rb])
(;B[mb]C[White continues with 'a', or if the ladder is favorable, 'b'.]LB[ob:a][nd:b]N[(b)]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[rc];W[sb];B[md];W[sc];B[qf];W[rf];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh])
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[mc];W[ne];B[nf];W[od];B[og];W[me];B[lf]LB[pb:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is reckless.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[le])
(;W[le]C[Black 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ke];W[kd];B[mf];W[lc];B[ob];W[pb];B[na];W[md];B[pa];W[ld];B[jd]C[White has lost.]
))))
(;W[pb]LB[nb:a][oa:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or the unusual move of 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[rb];B[od];W[rc])
(;B[oa]C[Black 15 is an exquisite tesuji discovered by Suichi Masao 9-dan in 1959.

The ladder is important.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[nb];B[mb]LB[ob:a][nd:b]C[White must play 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable, but can play 'b' if the ladder is favorable.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[ma];W[mc];B[nd];W[lb];B[lc];W[rb])
(;W[nd]C[White must have the ladder to play White 18.]N[White ladder (b)];B[mc];W[ne];B[nf];W[od]LB[me:a][mf:b][of:c][rb:d]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black 'b' or 'c', White 'd' and White wins the capture race.];B[me]LB[rb:a][of:b]C[White 'a' does not work. White 'b' leads to ko if White has the ladder.]

(;W[rb]N[mistake (a)]C[White 24 is a mistake.];B[pa];W[rc];B[qa])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[pf];W[og];B[pg];W[ph];B[qg];W[oh]LB[md:a][mf:b]C[Black plays 'a' if Black 21 cannot be captured in a ladder, and Black 'b' if Black 21 can be captured in a ladder.]
(;B[md]LB[mf:a]C[If the ladder created by White 'a' is unfavorable, White loses.]N[(a)])
(;B[mf]C[Black must play 31 if Black 21 can be captured in a ladder by White.]N[(b)];W[rg];B[qh];W[qi];B[rh];W[ri];B[rf];W[sh];B[sg];W[si];B[qf];W[sf]
;B[se];W[sd])))))))
(;W[mc]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qf];W[rf]LB[qg:a][nd:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[rg];B[rh];W[qh];B[ph];W[qi];B[ri];W[rj];B[qj];W[pi];B[rk];W[pj];B[qk]
;W[pf];B[pg];W[of];B[nf];W[og];B[oh];W[ng];B[nh];W[mg]LB[mi:a][oj:b]C[White cannot play at 'a' because of Black 'b', so White is lost.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pb];B[rd];W[qg];B[nc];W[nb];B[lb];W[mb];B[lc];W[pa];B[qa];W[sd]
;B[sc];W[rb];B[ra];W[sb];B[se];W[sf]C[The result is ko.])))
(;W[qb]C[White 10 gives White a low position, so is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[od];W[rc]LB[nc:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' gives Black sente, while Black ends in gote with 'b'. Black loses about 20 points in the corner for the sente.]
(;B[nc]N[Black sente (a)];W[ob];B[ph];W[rd]C[Black plays elsewhere in sente.])
(;B[rd]N[Black gote (b)];W[sd];B[pd];W[qg];B[rb];W[sc];B[ob];W[ra];B[nc])))
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[qb]LB[pc:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[od];B[pb]LB[of:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[rf];W[rg];B[rd];W[oe];B[se];W[nh])
(;W[ob]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[qa];W[oa];B[pa];W[sb];B[nc];W[ra]C[White must play ko, but...];B[sa]C[White has no ko threats.]
))
(;B[pb]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc];B[rb];W[qa];B[ra];W[rc];B[pa];W[qb];B[qa];W[rd];B[qb];W[ob]
))
(;B[pf]LB[qg:a][pc:b][rd:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are questionable.]N[(c)]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[pg];W[qh];B[nd]LB[od:a][pc:b][qb:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. White 'c' gives White a low position.]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[oe];W[pb];B[qb];W[nb]LB[mb:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[mc];B[lb];W[md];B[me];W[lc];B[kc];W[nc];B[le];W[ne];B[nf];W[kb];B[jb]
;W[rd];B[oa];W[pa];B[qa];W[rc];B[pc];W[ob];B[nd];W[na]LB[ka:a]C[White wins, but Black 'a' remains as sente.])
(;B[mc]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mb];B[lb];W[rd];B[rc];W[sb]LB[kc:a]C[White wins the capturing race and can later peep at 'a'.]))
(;W[pc]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb]LB[mb:a][pb:b]C[White 'a' is better than White 'b'.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[mc];W[pb]LB[oa:a][nb:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' and Black loses.]
(;B[oa]C[Black 19 is the tesuji.]N[suji (a)];W[nb];B[lb];W[pa];B[qa]LB[rd:a][od:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[nc];W[la];B[ka];W[na]C[White starts a multi-step ko that does not work.])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[od]))
(;B[nb]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ra]C[White 20 is the tesuji; Black loses.]))
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[nc]))
(;W[qb]N[(c)];B[pc]LB[pb:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[od];W[rc];B[ob];W[rd];B[nc])
(;W[od]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[ob];B[rb];W[oe]LB[ph:a][nf:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'. White has a heavy eyeless group to contend with.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)])
(;B[nf]N[(b)]))))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[rb];W[rd];B[rc]LB[qg:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[pb];W[ob];B[pa]LB[pg:a][nd:b]C[White minimizes dmaage by giving up the four stones and playing 'a'. White 'b' looks good, but doesn't work. ]
(;W[pg]C[White 18 is the best move.]N[(a)];B[ne];W[og];B[nf];W[kc];B[lc];W[lb]LB[mb:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', depending on strategic considerations. Black 'a' captures the four White stones, while Black 'b' let's White live while giving Black thickness.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[kb];B[ma];W[kd]C[White 28 is sente. Black must respond to solidify his shape.])
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ic];W[mc];B[md];W[nc]C[White lives, but Black has thickness.]))
(;W[nd]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ne];W[md];B[me];W[lc];B[kc];W[kb];B[kd];W[jb];B[qi]C[The cutting point of 'a' makes Black 'b sente, so Black can play the attack at 27.]LB[mc:a][oe:b]
))
(;W[pb]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qf]))
(;W[rd]LB[rc:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(c)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[rb:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rb]LB[qg:a][pb:b]C[This position is the same as 2-1-8-3-1-1-1-3-2 (the previous variation). White continues with 'a', not 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rb]C[Black can now be captured.]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[od];B[ob];W[nb];B[pb];W[mc];B[qf];W[rc];B[rb];W[sb];B[qa];W[rf]
;B[rg];W[ra]LB[qg:a]C[Usually this would be unreasonable for White, except that in this circumstance White has the ko threat of 'a'.]))))
(;B[re]C[Black crawls along the "line of defeat" (the second line).]N[not good (b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg]))
(;W[pf]C[White 6 results in a loss locally.]N[not good (b)];B[qe]LB[nf:a][qf:b]C[White 'a' is not very good, but White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[qg])
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[pe];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[og]LB[mf:a][qh:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai for Black.])))
(;B[qe]C[Black 5 is terrible.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[pg]C[To make matters worse, White has sente.]))
(;W[pe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pd:a][qe:b]N[kake (press-down) (d)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od];B[oe]LB[md:a][qe:b][pf:c][ne:d]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' and 'c' are unreasonable, as Black lives in the corner and White is left with split groups. White 'd' is a mistake.]
(;W[md]LB[of:a][le:b][ne:c][pf:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[me]LB[qg:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]LB[lc:a][dp:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White should not play elsewhere ('b').]N[(a)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[lc]LB[mc:a][cq:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake.]
(;W[mc]LB[pb:a][ic:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' and White settles himself.]N[(a)]
(;B[pb]N[(a)])
(;B[ic]C[Black 15 lets White settle himself in the corner.]N[not good (b)];W[qb]))
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]C[White plays elsewhere again, a mistake.];B[mc]C[White is in serious trouble in this corner.])))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[re]LB[qg:a][qe:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]LB[rd:a][qe:b]C[White continues at 'a', not 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[qc])
(;W[qe]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf])))
(;B[le]N[(b)];W[of];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[mf];B[ng];W[lc];B[pf];W[lf])
(;B[ne]N[(c)];W[me];B[pf]LB[lc:a][dp:b][nf:c]C[White continues with 'a'. It is a serious mistake to play elsewhere ('b'). White 'c' is unreasonable.]
(;W[lc]LB[mf:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or plays elsewhere 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[lf];B[lg];W[kf];B[mg])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[nf];B[of];W[ng];B[ph];W[ni]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[mc]LB[nd:a][lc:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is worse.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[jd])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[lb];W[kc];B[nd]))
(;W[nf]C[White 12 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (c)];B[mf]LB[lc:a]C[Without the White stone at 'a', Black can cut.];W[of];B[qe];W[nd];B[pe];W[lf];B[mg];W[le];B[nh]LB[oh:a]C[Black could also play at 'a'.]
))
(;B[pf]C[Black 9 is a mistake, as it gives White good shape.]N[mistake (d)];W[ne];B[of];W[le]))
(;W[qe]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[re]LB[rf:a][rd:b]C[White can try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rd];W[pg];B[pc])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[rc];W[qc];B[sd];W[pc];B[rd];W[pg];B[ne]LB[qg:a][rb:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[qb];W[pb];B[rb];W[lb];B[kb])
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[qg];W[pf];B[ph])))
(;W[pf]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (c)];B[ne];W[qb];B[rf];W[qg];B[rb];W[pb];B[rg];W[qi];B[rc];W[lb];B[kb]LB[lc:a][kc:b]C[White tries to live with 'a' or gets captured with 'b'.]

(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[kc];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[kd];W[la];B[og])
(;W[kc]N[(b)];B[mb];W[lc];B[mc];W[kd];B[le]))
(;W[ne]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];B[of];W[md];B[le]LB[lc:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a' to settle himself. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)])
(;W[nf]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[og];W[ng];B[oh];W[id];B[lg]LB[nh:a]C[After Black 17, White must play 'a', making matters worse.];W[nh];B[oi])))
(;B[qe]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pf:a][pg:b]N[(b)]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[jd]LB[lf:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[lf]N[(a)];W[nf])
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[pd]LB[pg:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' for thickness, 'b' for territory.]
(;B[pg]N[Black thickness (a)];W[qf];B[rf];W[qc];B[og];W[rc])
(;B[qc]N[Black territory (b)];W[pg];B[qh]C[White continues by attacking the two black stones.])))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[pf];W[of];B[qf];W[ng];B[pc];W[nd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[id:a][oh:b]
(;B[id]N[(a)];W[qg])
(;B[oh]C[Black 13 prevents White from block on the right side, at the expense of being thin from Black 3.]N[(b)];W[og];B[qh];W[jd];B[lf];W[jf];B[lh];W[ph];B[qi];W[oj]))))
(;W[of]LB[qg:a][oe:b][pg:c][od:d]C[White 4 can be considered orthodox. Black responses range from 'a' to 'd'.]N[niken-tobi (2-space jump) (e)]
(;B[qg]LB[id:a][jd:b][ph:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;W[id]N[(a)];B[mf]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'.]LB[qc:a][pd:b][nd:c][pe:d]
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][pd:b]N[(a)]
(;B[rc]LB[pd:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][qb:b]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]LB[pf:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[pf]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qf:a][qb:b]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[qb];B[nd];W[od])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[pc];B[rd];W[oh];B[nd];W[oe];B[qi]))
(;W[qb]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[pe];B[pf];W[pg];B[qf];W[ne];B[og];W[nf];B[ng];W[nd]C[White must play 22. Letting Black play 22 is terrible.]))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc]LB[qf:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[od];W[nd];B[pe];W[pf];B[ne];W[qi]LB[oe:a]C[White leaving the cut at 'a' until necessary is correct.])
(;W[oe]C[White 16 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[ob];W[nc];B[mb];W[ph])))
(;W[qf]LB[pc:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pg];B[od];W[qh])
(;B[rf]C[Black 11 is just what White wants.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[re];W[pd];B[rd];W[nd])))
(;B[pd]C[Black's strategy is to build thickness. White gets profit in sente.]N[(b)];W[pc];B[od];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[nd]))
(;W[pd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][qc:b]N[tsuppari (bang against) (b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc]LB[pf:a]C[This position is the same as 2-1-8-5-1-1-1-1-1-1. See that variation for continuation (at 'a').])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[qe];B[re];W[rf];B[qf];W[pe];B[rd];W[oh]LB[pi:a][mh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pi]N[(a)])
(;B[mh]N[(b)];W[qh]LB[rg:a][rh:b]C[Black 'a' is correct. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[oj])
(;B[rh]C[Black 19 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qi]))))
(;W[nd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[jf:a][pd:b]N[(c)]
(;B[jf]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qb]LB[og:a][oe:b]C[Black can play 'a', but because of the diagonal move (White 8), Black cannot play 'b'.]
(;B[og]C[Black 15 seals White in, but White lives comfortably.]N[(a)])
(;B[oe]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[pf];W[nf]))
(;B[pd]C[Black must have the ladder (shicho) to play this way.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[le];B[me];W[md];B[ke];W[lc];B[lf];W[kc]))
(;W[pe]C[White 8 was invented by Sakata Eio.]N[(d)];B[qe];W[ph];B[pg];W[og];B[oh];W[nh];B[oi];W[mg]))
(;W[jd]N[(b)];B[lf]LB[qc:a][pd:b][ph:c][oh:d]C[White 'a' or 'b' follow.  For 'a', see variation 2-1-8-1. For 'b', see variation 2-1-8-3. These moves give the same result as other variations. 

White 'c' is possible. White 'd'is not recommended..]
(;W[ph]LB[pg:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[og]LB[oh:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oh]C[(a)]N[(a)];W[qe]LB[pd:a][od:b][re:c][nh:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[qf];B[od];W[qh])
(;B[od]LB[qh:a][nd:b][pf:c]N[(b)]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. White 'c' is also not recommended.
]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[rg];W[pd];B[pe];W[pf];B[pc];W[qf];B[nc];W[rh])
(;W[nd]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pe];W[pf];B[qf])
(;W[pf]C[White 14 was played by Otake Hideo against Rin Kaiho in a 1973 Japanese TV game. White ends up taking a small corner, giving Black superior thickness.]N[not good (c)];B[pi];W[pd];B[pc];W[nd];B[pe];W[oe];B[pd];W[qf];B[qh];W[pb];B[ob]
;W[rd];B[nc];W[qc];B[oc];W[rb];B[pa];W[qb]))
(;B[re]C[This was the most common response when this pattern first appeared.]N[(c)];W[pe]LB[rf:a][pi:b][rd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'a' and 'c' are peaceful, while 'b' is fierce.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[qc]C[White 16 is painful for Black to endure.];B[rd];W[mg];B[oi];W[nh];B[jf])
(;B[pi]C[Black 15 results in a severe fight.]N[fight (b)];W[nh];B[oi];W[rf];B[rd];W[qf];B[pc])
(;B[rd]LB[mg:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(c)]
(;W[mg]N[(a)];B[pi];W[nh];B[oi]LB[jf:a][ke:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[jf]N[(a)];B[lg];W[lh];B[jg];W[ke]LB[kh:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[kh]N[(a)];W[le];B[mf];W[me];B[li];W[mh];B[ni])
(;B[le]C[Black 25 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[kg];B[kf];W[kh];B[jc];W[ic];B[id];W[je]C[Black will not be able to make a live group with top center stones.]))
(;W[ke]C[White 20 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[le];W[kg];B[jc];W[ic];B[id];W[ie];B[hd];W[kc];B[jb];W[kd];B[kb]
;W[lc];B[lb];W[mc];B[gc]C[White is over-concentrated.]))
(;W[pi]C[White 16 is a not recommended.]N[(b)];B[nh];W[me]LB[mf:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[le];B[ke];W[kd];B[ne];W[md];B[nd];W[mc];B[nc])
(;B[le]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mg]))))
(;B[nh]N[(d)];W[pd];B[re];W[rd];B[qc];W[qf];B[rf];W[rc];B[pi]))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[oe];B[oh];W[pj];B[nh];W[qh]LB[nd:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[od];B[qc];W[re];B[rf];W[pf];B[qe];W[rh];B[qf];W[pb];B[qb]LB[mc:a][mg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]

(;W[mc]LB[lc:a][mg:b]C[If Black 'a', White can break through. If Black 'b', White 'a', and White makes life.]N[(a)])
(;W[mg]C[White 28 is a mistake in order.]N[mistake (b)];B[ng];W[mc];B[mf];W[lc];B[kc]))
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[nd];B[pd])))
(;B[qh]C[Black 9 is timid.]N[mistake (b)];W[pi];B[qi];W[pj];B[qk];W[pe];B[qe];W[jf]))
(;W[oh]C[White 8 incites an attack by Black.]N[(b)];B[oe];W[ne];B[nd];W[pe];B[od];W[pd];B[pf];W[qe]LB[og:a][pc:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[pc];B[nf])
(;B[pc]LB[qc:a][pg:b]C[White can play 'a' to take the corner or 'b' for outside thickness.]N[(b)]
(;W[qc]C[White goes for the corner.]N[White corner (a)];B[pb];W[rd];B[og]LB[nh:a][nf:b]C[White can play a forcing move at 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[nh]N[(a)])
(;W[nf]C[White 22 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[ng];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb];W[me];B[lc]))
(;W[pg]C[White goes for thickness.]N[White thickness (b)];B[re];W[qf];B[rf];W[pf];B[qc];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb];W[mf];B[mb]
;W[lc]))))
(;W[ph]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qh:a][pg:b]N[(c)]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[pi];B[qi];W[pj];B[qk]LB[pe:a][id:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qe];W[id])
(;W[id]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[ne];B[nd];W[pe];B[od];W[pd];B[pf];W[qe];B[pc];W[qc];B[pb]LB[rd:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[ob])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[md];W[qb];B[re];W[rd];B[qf];W[qd];B[og];W[nf];B[mg];W[ng];B[nh];W[oh]
;B[mf];W[pg];B[me];W[og];B[ni])))
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[og];B[oh]LB[pj:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pj]LB[nh:a][pi:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[nh]N[(a)];W[qh];B[rh];W[ri];B[rg];W[mf];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qc];B[rc];W[qe]LB[re:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]

(;B[re]N[(a)];W[pd];B[rd])
(;B[pd]C[Black 20 is not recommended.]N[(b)];W[re]LB[qi:a]C[Black has the cut at 'a' to live, but White has the better of it.]))
(;B[pi]AW[pp]C[Black 11 is not recommended, but there are circumstances where it may work. For analysis sake, assume a lower right White corner stone as shown.]N[not good (b)];W[oi];B[qh];W[nh];B[oj];W[ph];B[qi]LB[nj:a][pl:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[nj]N[(a)];B[ok];W[nk];B[ol]LB[id:a][nm:b]C[White continues with a pincer around 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[id]N[(a)];B[nl]
(;W[ml];B[mm];W[nm])
(;W[mq];B[ll];W[jg]C[White plays on a large scale.]))
(;W[nm]AW[cc]AB[co][dq]C[Yoshio Ishida played White 22 against Rin Kaiho in the 5th game of the 1973 12th Meijin Title match. White 22 is too mild, according to Ishida.]N[not good (b)];B[om];W[on];B[pn];W[nn];B[hc]C[Black 27 gives Black the advantage.];W[iq];B[nl];W[ml]
;B[qm];W[po];B[jp];W[ip];B[jo];W[io];B[jn];W[kr];B[in];W[qn];B[pm];W[rn];B[rm]
;W[jc];B[jd];W[kc];B[kd];W[lc];B[ic];W[lm];B[gn];W[cj];B[pc];W[ob];B[mc];W[mb]
;B[jb];W[kb];B[ka];W[lb];B[nc];W[md];B[nd];W[od];B[nb];W[ib];B[na];W[ja];B[ne]
;W[pd];B[hb];W[ia];B[re];W[qc];B[rc];W[pf];B[qb];W[df];B[cl];W[ej];B[ec];W[ed]
;B[dc];W[cd];B[rp];W[qq];B[gq];W[go];B[jk];W[kg];B[ig];W[ih];B[hh];W[ii];B[jg]
;W[kh];B[hi];W[ij];B[gg];W[eo];B[fn];W[hn];B[hm];W[ho];B[gl];W[fo];B[dp];W[dm]
;B[cm];W[hj];B[dl];W[il];B[ik];W[hk];B[jl];W[kf];B[ie];W[hl];B[im];W[km];B[jm]
;W[el];B[fl];W[em];B[fj];W[do];B[gj];W[er];B[fr];W[eq];B[dr];W[fq];B[es];W[ro]
;B[lk];W[kj];B[mk];W[kk];B[ll];W[kl];B[mm];W[lo];B[mi];W[mf];B[lp];W[mq];B[mp]
;W[np];B[lq];W[mr];B[lr];W[ls];B[jq];W[ir];B[jr];W[js];B[so];W[sn];B[sm];W[sp]
;B[bk];W[bj];B[cb];W[bb];B[db];W[me];B[oa];W[fi];B[gi];W[cp];B[bo];W[gr];B[fs]
;W[gs];B[ds];W[is];B[ba];W[bc];B[dd];W[de];B[ee];W[ef];B[ha];W[la];B[fe];W[pb]
;B[pa];W[fh];B[fg];W[eg];B[aj]C[White resigns.]))
(;W[pl]LB[nj:a][pk:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[nj]N[(a)];W[qj];B[lh]LB[ni:a][pn:b]C[White is surronded, facing hard fighting. Black 'a' helps keep White in, and later Black can look to the invasion at 'b'.])
(;B[pk]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ok];B[qj];W[nj]))))
(;W[pi]C[White 10 is too slow.]N[slow (b)];B[nh];W[mf];B[ok]LB[qh:a]C[The attack of Black 13 illustrates the problem with White 10. White 'a' is usually sente, but not a good play now.]))))
(;B[oe]LB[ne:a][qf:b]C[White 'a' is typical, but White 'b' is conceivable if White greatly favors the right side.]N[(b)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[pe]LB[nd:a][mc:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nf];W[mf];B[ng];W[le]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[og:a][jd:b]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[kd])
(;B[jd]LB[qf:a][og:b][pg:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is vulgar, but Black must respond carefully. White 'c' is unreasonable.]N[(b)]
(;W[qf]LB[pf:a][og:b][ph:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. 

Black 'b' is a mistake. If Black 'b' worked, White 14 would be a bad play.

Likewise, Black 'c', an attempt to forestall the result of Black 'b', White 'a', does not work.
]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[og]LB[pg:a][nh:b][oh:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[oh];B[qi]LB[mh:a][oi:b][oj:c]C[The question now for White is what to do about the two Black stones? White 'a' gives Black the play at 'b'. White 'b' (instead of 'a') or 'c' are possibilities.]
(;W[mh]N[(a)];B[oi];W[nh])
(;W[oi]N[(b)])
(;W[oj]N[(c)]))
(;B[nh]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pg:a][oh:b]N[(b)]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[oi];B[rh];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj];B[ni];W[oj])
(;W[oh]N[(b)];B[oi];W[qg]LB[pg:a][qh:b][pi:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake, as is 'c'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[ph];B[qh];W[pi];B[rh];W[ni];B[lg];W[oj];B[ke];W[rc]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[White 30 is the tesuji to enable White to live in the corner. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', resisting, means death.]

(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qc])
(;B[qc]C[Black 31 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[qe];B[pd];W[rd];B[rb];W[qb]C[The familiar sacrifice and false eye tesuji.];B[pb];W[qa];B[ra];W[pc];B[pa];W[qb]
;B[qa];W[od];B[qb];W[sb]))
(;B[qh]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pi])
(;B[pi]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[qh];B[qi];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[qc];W[qe];B[pd];W[ri];B[rj];W[si]C[White is almost alive, and Black's corner stones are destined to be dead.]
)))
(;B[oh]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[pg];B[ph];W[qg];B[qh]CR[rd]C[White cannot play the point to the right of Black 1 (the dotted point) because of shortage of liberties.];W[qe];B[pd];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[qc]
;W[rh];B[ri];W[rg];B[qj];W[sf]C[As before, Black's corner stones die.]))
(;B[og]C[Black 15 doesn't work.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf];B[qh];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[qc];W[qe];B[pd];W[rh];B[ri];W[rg]
;B[qi];W[sf]C[Black's corner stones die.])
(;B[ph]C[Black 15 does not work.]N[mistake (c)];W[pf];B[qh];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[qc];W[qe];B[pd];W[pb]C[White is once again one move ahead in the race to capture.]))
(;W[og]C[White 14 is bad style, but Black must respond carefully.]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (b)];B[oh];W[pg];B[ph];W[qg]LB[qi:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[ri];B[rj];W[nh];B[mg];W[qh];B[pj];W[ni]C[White can struggle, but should not be able to succeed.])
(;B[qh]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rh];B[ri];W[rf];B[sh];W[rg];B[qj];W[rd];B[rc];W[qe]C[White succeeds owing to Black needing to play 25 to protect against the cut.]))
(;W[pg]C[White 14 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (c)];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi]LB[qi:a][qg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])))
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[nf];W[me]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[og:a][ng:b]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[mf];B[ng]LB[kb:a][dp:b]C[White 'a' is the most solid continuation. Playing elsewhere ('b') is also possible.]
(;W[kb]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[lc]LB[mb:a][cq:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', playing elsewhere, is conceivable, and results in ko.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[pb]C[White playing elsewhere with 14 is not recommended if this is the outcome of Black 15. White has a tough fight ahead in the center while Black should be able to make profit.])
(;W[]C[White plays a second move elsewhere. A ko results.]N[White tenuki: result = ko (b)];B[mb];W[nb];B[md];W[nd])))
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[id]LB[qf:a]C[White aims at 'a'.];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qf];B[pf];W[og];B[ph]C[Black can only play 16 with a favorable ladder.];W[oh];B[oi];W[nh]
;B[pg];W[mh]))
(;W[md]LB[nf:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is just what White wants.]N[(c)]
(;B[nf]LB[le:a][mf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is exceptionally bad.]N[(a)]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[mf];W[kd];B[og];W[lc])
(;W[mf]N[mistake (b)]C[White 10 is a mistake.];B[ng];W[mg];B[nh];W[lc];B[mh]))
(;B[le]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nf];B[qg];W[id];B[lg];W[oi])))
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[nf];W[pf]LB[od:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[ng];B[mg];W[nh])
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[qj];B[pb])))
(;B[pg]LB[og:a][pf:b][qe:c]C[Black 5 is provacative. White continues with 'a' or 'b', but White must have the ladder to play 'b'. White 'c' is bad timing.]N[(c)]
(;W[og]LB[pf:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]LB[oh:a][pe:b][oe:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]N[(a)]
(;W[oh]N[(a)];B[oe];W[ne];B[nd];W[od];B[pe];W[md]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nc:a][me:b]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[mc];B[nb];W[me]LB[ob:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[ph])
(;B[mb]LB[lc:a][lb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' leaves flaws in White's thickness.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[lb];W[kc]C[White 22 gives White excellent thickness.];B[qi])
(;W[lb]C[White 20 is unnecessary resistance.]N[not good (b)];B[lc];W[kb];B[ob];W[ke];B[qi];W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[le]C[Black 27 is reckless. Black captures the two white stones, but gives White a wall of thickness.];W[lf];B[mf];W[nf]
;B[kf];W[lg];B[kd];W[je];B[jd];W[id];B[ie];W[jf];B[ic];W[hd];B[jc];W[hc];B[jb]
)))
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[nc];B[nf];W[nd];B[lf];W[lc];B[kd];W[kc];B[jd];W[ic];B[qi];W[mg];B[mf]
;W[kh]))
(;W[pe]LB[qc:a]C[White 8 looks reasonable, but superfluous and loses White the good play at 'a'.]N[not good (b)];B[qe];W[oh];B[ph];W[oi];B[qj];W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[od]C[The consequence of White 8 is that Black can attack.];W[nd];B[ne]
)
(;W[oe]C[White 8 is timid, giving Black a superior position. ]N[mistake (b)];B[ph]C[In a professional game Black would have a decided advantage due to White 8.]))
(;B[ph]C[Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[pd];W[pf];B[od];W[oh]LB[mc:a][pi:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to capture White 2. Black 'b' is greedy and lets White 2 into play.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[pj]C[White's thickness compensates for the loss of the corner.])
(;B[pi]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ok];B[qk];W[nd]LB[ne:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', neither good.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[me:a][oe:b][lb:c]C[If Black 'a' or 'b', White 'c'.])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[mc];B[nb];W[md];B[ob]))))
(;W[pf]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[qf];W[qg];B[qh];W[rg]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rf:a][rh:b]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[rh];B[qi]LB[qc:a][ph:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qc]LB[pd:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pc];B[ri];W[og];B[ph];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[id]LB[od:a][ne:b]C[Note that, because of shortage of liberties, Black cannot separate White with 'a' or 'b'.])
(;B[rc]C[Black 15 is just what White hopes for.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[re];W[ph];B[og];W[pi]LB[nf:a][qj:b]C[If now Black 'a', White 'b' is good enough.]))
(;W[ph]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[og];W[pi];B[nf];W[qj];B[oe]))
(;B[rh]LB[og:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible, but in that variation Black gains outstanding thickness.]N[(b)]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[ph];W[qe];B[rf];W[re];B[sg];W[pd])
(;W[rf]N[(b)]C[Black gets nice thickness with this variation.];B[qe];W[ph];B[og];W[ng];B[oh];W[pi];B[nh];W[qi];B[nf];W[ne];B[mg]
;W[od];B[me];W[qb];B[re];W[ri];B[rb];W[pb];B[rc];W[lb];B[ra])))
(;W[qe]C[Black 6 is a move before its time.]N[not good (c)];B[pd];W[pf];B[od];W[qg];B[mc]C[White 6 & 10 are over-concentrated.]))
(;B[od]C[Black 5 only works when Black is strong in this area.]N[(d)];W[nd]LB[pc:a][oe:b][ne:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake. Black 'c' is strange but possible; Black must have the ladder to play this way.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[oe];B[pd]LB[nb:a][mf:b][md:c][me:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White must have the ladder to play 'a'. White 'd' is a mistake.]
(;W[nb]LB[ne:a][me:b]C[White 10 is correct shape, but White needs the ladder at 'a' (Black 'a', White 'b') to play this way. If so, Black should not have chosen this joseki (so this variation is moot).]N[White ladder (a)];B[ne]C[If White does not have the ladder (this is not joseki).];W[me];B[nf];W[md];B[og]C[The worst that can happen is a seki in the corner.];W[pb];B[qb];W[pf]
;B[pg];W[qf];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh];W[re];B[sg];W[rf];B[ng];W[rc];B[rd];W[sd];B[rb]
;W[sb];B[pa];W[ob];B[ra];W[se];B[lc]C[Black plays to bring White's 7 stones under attack. White's disadvantage is obvious.])
(;W[mf]LB[nc:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or the interesting move at 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[mc]LB[ob:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[md];B[mb];W[lc])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[nb];B[ne];W[nc];B[nf];W[ng];B[me];W[og];B[kc];W[pb];B[qb];W[kb];B[jb]
;W[lb];B[jc];W[qa];B[ra];W[pa];B[rc]))
(;B[ob]N[(b)];W[nc];B[nb]LB[mc:a][lc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]))
(;W[md]LB[le:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[mf];B[qg]LB[nb:a][hd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b' or elsewhere depending on the situation.])
(;B[lc]N[(b)];W[mc];B[qg];W[le];B[ke];W[lf];B[jd]))
(;W[me]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];B[nc];W[mc];B[ob]LB[nb:a][md:b]C[White plays 'a' for a ko, or 'b' if White cannot hope to win the ko.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[qg]LB[md:a]C[Black waits for the right time to start the ko at 'a'.])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[mb];W[lc]LB[mf:a]C[From this position it is clear that White 10 would be better at 'a'.])))
(;B[oe]C[Black 7 is vulgar.]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (b)];W[ne]LB[nc:a][nf:b]C[Black now has a liberties problem. Black cuts at 'a' or 'b'. The Black cut at 'a' leads to more variations than the cut at 'b'.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[mc];B[nb]LB[ob:a][lc:b][md:c][pc:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' is unreasonable.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[mb];W[lc]LB[pc:a][lb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or the severe move at 'b'.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[nf]LB[md:a][dp:b][lb:c]MA[pb]C[The drawback to this position for White is the Black cut at 'a'. White has a strong position to fight from, but this may change as the board develops.

The advantage is that later White can later play the marked point after Black plays elsewhere ('b').

Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[lb];B[pb];W[kd];B[le];W[jc])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[pb];B[qb];W[qe])
(;B[lb]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[kc]LB[md:a]C[White 18 prevents the cut at 'a', and allows White tough response to Black on the right side.];B[qf];W[qg];B[rg];W[pf];B[qe];W[qh]C[Black is too low.]))
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[kc];B[nf]LB[mf:a][qb:b]C[White 'a' is correct, though the continuation is tricky. White 'b' is premature.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[ng];W[qb];B[kb];W[jc];B[mg];W[le];B[lf];W[me];B[ke];W[md];B[jb];W[ic]LB[rc:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]

(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[rb];B[sb]LB[pf:a][pc:b]C[White must figure out the best way to sacrifice the four White stones. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qe];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[pc];W[pb];B[re];W[ib]LB[na:a][oa:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' makes a ko.]
(;B[na]C[Black 43 ensures a one-move win.]N[(a)];W[ph]C[White's loss in the corner is compensated for by profit from attacking Black in the center.])
(;B[oa]C[Black 43 creates a ko situation.]N[ko (b)];W[na]))
(;W[pc]C[White 34 doesn't work as planned.]N[not good (b)];B[pd];W[pa];B[ib]LB[ra:a][hc:b]C[Living with 'a' is small, while Black 'b' is bad for White.]))
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pc];W[pf]))
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[md];W[me];B[kd]LB[jc:a][mf:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. This is what White must guard against (and does so in the other variation). From here, White is lost.])))
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[ob];W[nf])
(;W[md]N[(c)];B[ob];W[ng])
(;W[pc]C[White 12, refusing to sacrifice White 2, is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];B[mb];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pf]LB[rd:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a', or slightly better, 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qf];W[re];B[nf];W[me];B[og]LB[lc:a][md:b]C[White 'a' is impossible because of Black 'b'. The White center stones are a burden and there is no good way to use them.])
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[pg];W[rd];B[qg];W[nf];B[md];W[nh];B[re];W[qc];B[rf];W[ob];B[pj]C[White's corner territory is barely 10 points.]
)))
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[pc]LB[qc:a][qe:b][mf:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is mild. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[og];B[pd]LB[mc:a][mf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[mf];W[kc]LB[qf:a]C[White 'a' is sente.])
(;W[mf]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc]C[The two White stones are wasted.]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[qc])
(;B[mf]N[(c)];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pf];W[qf];B[pg];W[mc];B[qg];W[rd]C[White's profit exceeds Black influence.])))
(;B[ne]LB[pd:a][oe:b]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way. White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[Black ladder (c)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[oe];W[pe];B[pc];W[qc];B[pb];W[qe]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[qb];B[ob];W[pg])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[rc]LB[pf:a]C[Black has lost the cut at 'a'.]))
(;W[oe]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[me];B[nc];W[nf];B[mc]))))
(;W[oe]LB[pf:a][qg:b]C[White 4 is standard with the one-space pincer, high or low, but it is not played with the low two- or three-space pincer. White 4 reflects a special strategy by White. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[ikken-tobi (1-space jump) (f)]
(;B[pf]LB[qc:a][of:b]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qc]LB[rc:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[rc]LB[qb:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake in this case.]N[(a)]
(;W[qb]LB[pd:a][qj:b]C[White 8 is important. White continues with 'a', or simply at 'b'. ]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od]LB[qi:a][mf:b][qj:c][pg:d]C[White continues with 'a', 'c' or 'd'. Black 'd' is an old pattern, not recommended, as it strengthens White.]
(;B[qi]LB[qj:a][pg:b]C[Black may play 'a' or 'b' instead of 11.]N[(a)])
(;B[mf]N[(b)];W[ng];B[pg];W[nf];B[qj]C[Black now lacks a good move at top.])
(;B[qj]AB[pq][ce]AW[dp][dc]C[Yoshio Ishida versus Rin Kaiho, 6th game of the 13th Meijin Title, 1974.]N[(c)];W[dh];B[hc];W[lb];B[ed];W[ec];B[fd];W[fc];B[gd]
;W[cd];B[bd];W[bc];B[dd];W[cc];B[fq];W[dn];B[dr];W[cq];B[iq];W[cf];B[be];W[df]
;B[de];W[dk];B[po];W[kd];B[ke];W[je];B[kf];W[jd];B[ef];W[qm];B[of];W[qp];B[qo]
;W[ro];B[rn];W[qi];B[pj];W[rp];B[qn];W[pp];B[op];W[oq];B[qq];W[rq];B[or];W[nq]
;B[np];W[rm];B[rr];W[rj];B[rk];W[rh];B[pl];W[qr];B[pr];W[rs];B[sr];W[mp];B[on]
;W[nr];B[qs];W[qf];B[pe];W[re];B[pc];W[pb];B[rd];W[sk];B[sl];W[sj];B[pi];W[ph]
;B[sh];W[sg];B[rg];W[qk];B[qg];W[pk];B[ok];W[ql];B[sm];W[pm];B[mo];W[rl];B[sn]
;W[qh];B[sf];W[ni];B[oj];W[pg];B[se];W[ng];B[nf];W[om];B[nm];W[nl];B[ol];W[nn]
;B[mm];W[so];B[lp];W[nk];B[lc];W[kb];B[mb];W[mc];B[nc];W[nb];B[md];W[ma];B[ib]
;W[jb];B[gb];W[fb];B[fo];W[jf];B[ac];W[ab];B[eh];W[di];B[cr];W[br];B[kg];W[jg]
;B[fm];W[kh];B[mg];W[ip];B[jq];W[bg];B[gi];W[hj];B[gj];W[hi];B[gk];W[hk];B[hh]
;W[ih];B[hg];W[hm];B[dm];W[cm];B[cn];W[em];B[en];W[do];B[el];W[dl];B[dq];W[bp]
;B[in];W[hn];B[ho];W[io];B[im];W[hp];B[go];W[kn];B[jo];W[lo];B[ln];W[jn];B[il]
;W[jl];B[jp];W[ik];B[hq];W[hl];B[gp];W[ko];B[mq];W[ll];B[lh];W[li];B[mi];W[lj]
;B[ki];W[jh];B[mj];W[nj];B[lk];W[kj];B[kk];W[jj];B[mk];W[cs];B[ek]C[Black wins by resignation.]))
(;B[qj]LB[qe:a][dp:b][pd:c]C[White could attack at 'a', or play elsewhere ('b'). White 'c', prompting Black 'a', is weak.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pe];W[rd];B[pd];W[re];B[od];W[nc];B[nd]C[Black's thickness is better than White's profit.])
(;W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[tenuki (b)];B[pe]C[Black 11 is the recommended follow-up locally.])
(;W[pd]C[White gives Black a "thank-you" move.]N[mistake (c)];B[qe])))
(;W[pd]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[qe];W[qb];B[qj]LB[nd:a]C[White 4 is wrongly placed. It should be at 'a'.]))
(;B[pd]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc];B[od];W[nd];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[md]))
(;W[of]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[pg]C[White makes Black crawl along the fourth line, the "line of victory".]))
(;B[qg]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qc:a][pf:b]N[niken hiraki (2-space extension) (b)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[qb]LB[pd:a][nd:b]C[Black normally plays 'a', but 'b' is playable.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od]LB[qi:a][dp:b]C[Black must reinforce at 'a', so is dissatisfied. Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)];W[re];B[rd];W[qf];B[pf];W[rg];B[qh];W[rh]LB[pe:a][qi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black cannot play 'b'.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[qi])
(;B[qi]C[Black 19 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[qe];W[rf];B[ri];W[rb])))
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[od];B[re];W[lb]LB[mb:a]C[White 12 at 'a' is also feasible.]))
(;W[pf]C[White gets settled quickly, but he should only play this way when driven by necessity, as all the subtlety is taken out of the position.]N[(b)];B[qf];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qb])))
(;W[me]LB[od:a][pf:b][qg:c][le:d][nd:e][md:f]C[White 4 is typical of the severity of modern Go. White must have a position in the top-left corner to play this way. Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' indicates a special strategy. Black 'e' and 'f' are unreasonable.]N[katatsuki (shoulder hit) (g)]
(;B[od]LB[md:a][pd:b][nc:c][nd:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' is a mistake.]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (a)]
(;W[md]LB[pc:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is vulgar.

]
(;B[pc]LB[ob:a][nc:b][lc:c][oe:d]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' is a bit heavy. 

White 'c' is the old joseki pattern. White 'c' is less favorable because White does not get as much territory as in variation 'a'. 

White 'd' is not recommended, as it results in a relatively insecure position for White.]N[(a)]
(;W[ob]LB[mc:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is submissive.]N[(a)]
(;B[mc]LB[nd:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' looks better than it is.]N[(a)]
(;W[nd]LB[oe:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended, as it gives White favorable thickness in return for capturing two stones.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[lc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[kc:a][pb:b]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[lb];B[kd];W[mb])
(;B[pb]LB[kc:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White cannot afford to play elsewhere.]N[(b)]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[jc]C[This is a follow-on (1-177).];W[jd];B[id])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[mb];W[lb];B[kd]LB[jc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[jc]N[(a)];B[na]LB[nc:a][oa:b]C[White must play 'a'. White 'b', Black 'a' and White is captured.];W[nc];B[oa]C[White is split in two.])
(;W[nc]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[kb];W[nb];B[kc];W[ma]LB[oa:a]C[Black has sente, and can take away White's second eye with 'a'.]))))
(;B[nc]N[not good (b)]C[Black 11 is not recommended. Blac gets two stones, White gets superior thickness.];W[oe];B[pd];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[nb];W[na];B[mb];W[kb];B[pb];W[ke]
))
(;W[lc]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[lb];W[kc];B[nd];W[mb];B[nc];W[kb];B[nb];W[la]))
(;B[pb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe]LB[pe:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[nd]LB[pd:a][og:b]C[If Black 'a', White 'b'. If Black allows White 'a', Black does not have a good reply.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 11 is stolid.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb])))
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[oe];W[lc])
(;W[lc]C[White 8 is the old joseki pattern. This play is less favorable because White does not get as much territory as in variation 2-1-8-7-1-1-1-1.];B[nc];W[mc]LB[ob:a][dp:b]C[Black should capture at 'a'. 'b' shows White's follow-up when Black plays elsewhere.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[ob];B[nb];W[nd]LB[oe:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pb];B[qb];W[mb]C[The capture is big, but Black has sente (and has played another move elsewhere as well).])
(;B[pb]C[Black 15 gives White a favorable result.]N[not good (b)];W[oe];B[pd];W[qf]C[White may continue here or elsewhere as fits the overall board position.])))
(;W[oe]C[White 8 is not recommended, as it results in a relatively insecure position for White.]N[not good (d)];B[nc];W[mc];B[ob]LB[jd:a]C[White has an insecure position. Further, Black has a good follow-up with a play at 'a'.]))
(;B[nc]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mc];B[pc];W[jd]))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pc]LB[nd:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;B[nd]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]LB[qc:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[re];B[pb]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', a pattern that predates White 'a', is an overplay.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[qa];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb];W[pf];B[oe]C[This joseki was a favorite of Kajiwara Takeo 9-dan.];W[of]C[Continuation, but White most often switches elsewhere.])
(;W[rc]C[White 16 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qa];W[rd];B[qb]LB[md:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[nc];W[pf];B[ob])
(;W[pf]C[White 20 is out of order.]N[not good (b)];B[oe];W[md];B[mc]LB[of:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[nc]))))
(;B[qf]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[re];B[pf];W[rf];B[rg];W[rd]))
(;W[qc]C[White 10 is inconsistent with the aim of sacrificing the three stones in the corner for the outside.]N[not good (b)];B[re]LB[rd:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[mb];B[md])
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[of];W[mb];B[md])))
(;B[qc]LB[qe:a][nd:b]C[If White cuts at 'a' and Black extends to 'b', the result is the same as the previous variation.]N[(b)];W[mc];B[oe];W[md];B[qg]))
(;W[nc]LB[pc:a][oe:b]C[White 6 is a bit slack from a shape standpoint, but it avoids complications. White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White ladder (c)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[oe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][pe:b]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[md];B[mc];W[ne];B[pd];W[lc];B[mb];W[lb];B[ob];W[ma];B[nb];W[kd])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[of];B[pf];W[og];B[pg];W[oh];B[qi]))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[pc];B[qc];W[le]))
(;W[nd]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];B[oe];W[pc];B[qc];W[le];B[jd];W[lc];B[kc]LB[lb:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is pathetic.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)])
(;W[md]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[lb];W[kd];B[ke]C[White can't afford to connect, but if he cuts anywhere, the ko is so big that Black will ignore any ko threat.])))
(;B[pf]LB[md:a][qc:b][jd:c][le:d]C[Black 5 emphasizes the right side. White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a bit unreasonable locally, but may make strategic sense. White 'd' is a mistake.]N[keima (knight's move): right side(b)]
(;W[md]LB[qj:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' is a tough-minded move.]N[(a)]
(;B[qj]N[(a)])
(;B[lc]C[White 7 shows fighting spirit.]N[(b)];W[mc];B[pc];W[jd]C[A likely continuation.];B[ke];W[mg]))
(;W[qc]LB[rc:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' gives White a large corner profit to questionable outside strength.]N[(b)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qe];W[le];B[jd])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[md]LB[nd:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[ne])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[oe];W[ne];B[nd]LB[nf:a]C[White 4 should be at 'a'. White is in for a rough ride.])))
(;W[jd]LB[le:a][pc:b]C[Black 'a' takes up the challenge, while Black 'b' is a steady move that avoids fighting for the moment.]N[(c)]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[lf];B[ke]C[Black 5 is an a good place to give White trouble.])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[od];B[ph]))
(;W[le]C[White 6 gives Black a large corner.]N[mistake (d)];B[nd];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb]LB[jd:a]C[White 6 would be now be better placed at 'a'.]))
(;B[qg]LB[jd:a][pf:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations.]N[niken hikari (2-space extension) (c)]
(;W[jd]LB[pe:a][pf:b][nd:c]C[Because White retains forcing moves at 'a' and 'b', Black cannot play 'c'.]N[(a)])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[qf];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[jd]LB[jc:a][le:b][lf:c]C[If Black 'b', White 'c' is severe. Rather than fight where White is strong, Black usually tries to settle himself with 'a'.];B[jc]))
(;B[le]C[There is no point in Black 5 unless he has the upper right corner, but White does not make the shoulder hit unless he has strength at the top left. ]N[tachi (stand) (d)];W[mf];B[lf]LB[mg:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is a fighting move.]
(;W[mg]N[(a)];B[kh];W[qf];B[pc];W[pe];B[ob];W[nb];B[nc];W[od];B[mb];W[pb];B[na];W[qc]AW[dd]LB[fc:a][fe:b]C[The result cannot be assessed without accounting for the top-left corner. If White has the top-left star point, the result may be considered equal.  White has no reason for dissatisfaction in this case. If Black 'a', White 'b' negates Black's thickness.

If Black has a favorable position at top-left, White has a tough game ahead.]
)
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pf];B[oe];W[md];B[of]LB[mg:a]C[If White 'a', White risks losing the two White stones.];W[mg];B[ph]C[White is likely to attack the three Black stones at left.]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[qe];W[pf];B[qg];W[md])
(;B[md]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (f)];W[nd];B[ne];W[oe];B[nf];W[of];B[ng];W[qf]LB[lf:a]C[Although Black's corner stone retains some aji (potential), Black must ensure capture of White 4 (possibly with a play at 'a').]))
(;W[md]LB[le:a][mc:b][me:c]C[White makes a "belly attachment" to the Black pincer. Locally the play is not advantageous, but may produce a reasonable whole board result. 

Typically the result is a Black wall facing the left side (from Black 3), with White emphasizing the top and right. This is consistent with the proverb "attaching to a stone makes it stronger".

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[tsuppari (bang against) (h)]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[me];B[lf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qf:a][mf:b]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pc];W[pe];B[ob];W[nb];B[nc];W[od];B[mb];W[pb];B[na];W[qc]LB[qb:a][dp:b]C[The joseki ends, but Black retains the play at 'a'. Black may also play elsewhere ('b').]

(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[pa:a][rc:b]C[Black 'a' diminishes White's corner. Black 'b' is most tenacious.]
(;B[pa]N[(a)];W[rb];B[pc];W[rc])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[pc];B[pa];W[rb];B[ra]C[Black gets a "flower-viewing" ko (nothing to lose).]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White may try 'a'.]N[Black tenuki (b)]LB[lc:a];W[lc]LB[kc:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[kc]LB[mc:a][lb:b]C[White must play 'a'. White 'b' is hopeless.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[lb])
(;W[lb]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ib]))
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[kc];B[jd])))
(;W[mf]LB[lg:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is timid.]N[(b)]
(;B[lg]N[(a)];W[qf];B[pc];W[ob]LB[pb:a][pf:b]C[Black 'a' is solid. Black 'b' provokes a fight.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[pe];B[rf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rg:a][re:b]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[re];W[qh])
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[qe];W[rd];B[pf]LB[qg:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[oe];W[pg];B[od];W[lc];B[kc];W[of];B[rc];W[rg];B[mc];W[nc];B[mb];W[nd]
)
(;W[pd]C[White 20 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qg];W[qc];B[qf];W[qb];B[mg]C[Black 25 is a superb point. White's corner is small, and Black's influence commanding.])))
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[pe];B[qe];W[pg];B[of];W[qg];B[oe];W[od];B[pd];W[og];B[ng];W[nf];B[pb]
;W[mg];B[nh];W[mh];B[ni];W[pj];B[nk]C[Fighting continues from here.]))
(;B[qg]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[lc];B[kc];W[lg];B[kg];W[kh]C[Black thickness has been erased.])))
(;B[mc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][me:b]N[(b)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)])
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[nc];W[od]))
(;B[me]LB[nd:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a', possbily 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[le]LB[pe:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qe];W[pg];B[pf];W[of];B[qf];W[qg];B[og];W[nf];B[oh];W[qi]LB[pc:a][pi:b]C[Black can play 'a', taking th corner, but 'b' is even stronger.]

(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[mg])
(;B[pi]N[(b)];W[rh];B[rg];W[qh];B[mg]LB[lc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature.]
(;W[lc]C[White 24 is essential.]N[(a)];B[kc];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[ra];W[mb]C[A possible continuation.];B[lb];W[mc]LB[rf:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a serious mistake.]

(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[pj];B[mh]LB[jd:a]C[White may extend down the right side, while Black plays at 'a'.])
(;B[]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)]C[Black plays elsewhere, a grievous error.];W[rc];B[qc];W[sb];B[rd];W[sc]LB[sf:a][sd:b]C[Black must play 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[sf]N[(a)])
(;B[sd]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 38 is a mistake.];W[rf]C[Black dies with one eye.])))
(;W[qb]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[od]LB[nb:a][ne:b]C[White 'a' loses only three stones. White 'b' loses them all.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[ne])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nc];W[ob];B[mc];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[mb]C[Black is one liberty ahead (that's all it ever takes).]))))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[qg]LB[id:a]C[White has a difficult position. Black has a share of the corner and side, and thickness on the outside. Meanwhile, White will struggle while Black profits at tormenting White.

If White had played 8 (the two-space jump), and Black responded with 9, White would not have played 4, attaching to the pincer stone (3). Instead, White would have played a pincer (such as 'a'). ]))
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[qe]LB[pf:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible, though strategically advanced.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[pg];B[nd];W[qg];B[mc];W[od];B[qb]C[White continues with an extension or approach move on the right side.])
(;W[pg]AW[dc][oq][qp]AB[cp][eq][ce]C[1967 (6th) Meijin Title, Game 3: White: Sakata Eio, Honinbo; Black: Rin Kaiho, Meijin]N[(b)];B[qf];W[mc]LB[fd:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black 'b'....]
(;B[fd]LB[ed:a][de:b]C[White continued with 'a', avoiding a disadvantageous fight with 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[ed]N[(a)]C[1967 (6th) Meijin Title, Game 3: White: Sakata Eio, Honinbo; Black: Rin Kaiho, Meijin - continued];B[ee];W[de];B[df];W[dd];B[ef];W[cf];B[be];W[bf];B[bc];W[cc];B[ch]
;W[bd];B[cg];W[ae];B[jp];W[dm];B[ge];W[le];B[pf];W[ne];B[mq];W[eo];B[gp];W[go]
;B[hp];W[cn];B[do];W[dn];B[ck];W[dk];B[dj];W[ej];B[ek];W[dl];B[fj];W[ei];B[gk]
;W[cj];B[di];W[bj];B[qn];W[ql];B[on];W[nq];B[mp];W[qb];B[qi];W[pi];B[qh];W[pj]
;B[pp];W[qq];B[mf];W[ke];B[nd];W[jc];B[qj];W[ol];B[nj];W[nk];B[qo];W[po];B[op]
;W[np];B[oo];W[pq];B[mj];W[mk];B[mo];W[lj];B[li];W[ki];B[mh];W[kj];B[od];W[nc]
;B[pc];W[pb];B[bo];W[lh];B[mi];W[no];B[nn];W[pm];B[pn];W[mm];B[qk];W[pk];B[nr]
;W[or];B[mr];W[rp];B[mn];W[fl];B[fk];W[hh];B[gh];W[mg];B[ng];W[lg];B[nf];W[ph]
;B[nh];W[dq];B[ep];W[dp];B[co];W[cq];B[bq];W[br];B[ar];W[dr];B[cs];W[rk];B[hg]
;W[ig];B[ih];W[hi];B[hf];W[qg];B[rg];W[rj];B[rh];W[jh];B[jd];W[kd];B[ic];W[jb]
;B[ib];W[id];B[rm];W[rl];B[fo];W[en];B[if];W[jg];B[fb];W[bn];B[cr];W[rc];B[bk]
;W[sf];B[rd];W[sd];B[se];W[re];B[rf];W[se];B[qc];W[sc];B[oi];W[ak];B[ca];W[eb]
;B[ea];W[fc];B[gb];W[gc];B[hc];W[ia];B[hd];W[bb];B[gn];W[kn];B[ij];W[ii];B[ln]
;W[lm];B[ko];W[jn];B[jl];W[in];B[il];W[kl];B[bg];W[cd];B[bi];W[ao];B[bp];W[bl]
;B[ro];W[os];B[sp];W[sq];B[so];W[rr];B[rb];W[ra];B[ha];W[ja];B[ba];W[fa];B[da]
;W[gi];B[fi];W[gl];B[hl];W[oj];B[oh];W[ie];B[el];W[fm];B[io];W[hn];B[ho];W[jj]
;B[sl];W[jk];B[hk];W[ns];B[ms];W[lf];B[jf];W[je];B[gd];W[ec];B[fn];W[hm];B[of]
;W[kf];B[nm];W[nl];B[ci];W[cl];B[ai];W[ag];B[ah];W[cb];B[hb];W[an];B[bs];W[ap]
;B[aq];W[af]C[Black wins by 6 points.])
(;W[de]C[This fight would be difficult for White.]N[not good (b)];B[dd];W[ed];B[cd]LB[le:a]C[Black will lead the fighting to the right, where he can effectively use a connection at 'a'.]))
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[ne])))))
(;W[qf]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[The White pincer puts pressure on Black 1 to settle White 2. Black usually answers at 'a', but 'b' is possible.]N[ikken basami (1-space pincer) (i)]
(;B[od]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pc:a][nd:b]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[pd];W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[nd:a][nc:b][rc:c]
(;B[nd]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mb:a][pj:b]N[(a)]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[qj])
(;W[pj]C[If White wants to prevent Black from extending on the right side, he plays 10.]N[(b)];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe]))
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[nb];B[mb];W[mc];B[nd];W[lb];B[md];W[ma];B[qj])
(;B[rc]C[Black takes a territory oriented approach, and gets a little thin in doing so.]N[(c)];W[rb];B[rd];W[lb]))
(;W[nd]C[White gets a bit greedy with 6, as he aims at also living in the corner.]N[(b)];B[oe];W[pc];B[qe]LB[qc:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' leads to bad shape.]
(;W[qc]LB[ne:a][qj:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[ne]LB[pj:a][pk:b]C[White extends to 'a', possibly 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[pj]N[(a)];B[nc]C[Continuation.];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[lb];W[kc];B[lc])
(;W[pk]AW[de][pq]AB[po][cp]C[1972 9th Pro Best Ten Playoff, Game 3 - White: Yoshio Ishida; Black: Iwata

White played 12, stretching the extension from 4 to pincer the Black stone in the lower right corner.]N[(b)];B[pi]LB[nq:a]C[Black 13 surprised White, who expected Black to pincer around 'a'.];W[np]))
(;B[qj]N[(b)];W[ne]C[Black 11 prevents White from making the first play down the right side.];B[og];W[nf];B[pg];W[id]))
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nf];W[me];B[qc]C[Black 13 robs White of his base.])))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[pf]LB[of:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[og];B[oe];W[ph]LB[pb:a][mc:b]C[Black must decide how to tackle the corner. 'a' is solid, but lets White play under Black 3. Black 'b' is another possibility.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[lb])
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[rc];B[rd];W[qb]LB[qc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. In either case, White can live in the corner (at least through ko) or get to the center.]
(;B[qc]LB[ra:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and White dies.]N[(a)]
(;W[ra]LB[sc:a][sb:b]C[Black 'a' for a ko. Black 'b' and White lives.]N[(a)]
(;B[sc]N[(a)];W[sb])
(;B[sb]C[Black 17 is a mistake. White lives.]N[mistake (b)];W[sc]))
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[nb]C[White dies.]))
(;B[nb]N[(b)];W[ob];B[pc];W[pb];B[ra]LB[ne:a][nc:b][od:c]C[Black 19 takes away eye shape, but White can play 'a', as 'b' and 'c' are sente for White. The position for fighting in the center determines the outcome.])))
(;B[oe]C[Black 7 shows a lack of fighting spirit.]N[not good (b)];W[of];B[ne]LB[qj:a][rc:b]C[White can emphasize the side with 'a', or live in the corner with 'b'.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[mc]LB[kc:a][rd:b]C[White 'a' is sente, and White can reduce the corner with 'b'.])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[rd];W[qc];B[mc];W[nb];B[pj];W[mg]))))
(;W[qg]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[White should have the ladder to play the two-space pincer. Black can answer at 'a' or 'b'.]N[niken basami (2-space pincer) (j)]
(;B[od]LB[qj:a][pd:b][nd:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White plays 'a' as part of a fuseki strategy; locally it is a loss.  White plays 'b' with a favorable ladder.]N[(a)]
(;W[qj]C[White 6 if it helps the lower right, but this results in a loss in the local context of the joseki.]N[(a)];B[pc])
(;W[pd]LB[pe:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black plays 'b' when the ladder favors White, Black is sadly mistaken.]N[(b)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[pc];B[re]LB[nc:a][md:b][mc:c][nd:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]LB[me:a][nd:b][qc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[rc]LB[ne:a][og:b]C[White can aim at the severe move at 'a'. Black probably needs an immediate reinforcement at 'b'.])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[md];B[me];W[mc]LB[le:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay, as the White cut at 'a' presents difficulty.]
(;B[le]LB[kb:a][pk:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is possible, at a cost.]N[(a)]
(;W[kb]N[(a)])
(;W[pk]N[(b)];B[lc];W[rb];B[rc];W[sb];B[mb]LB[qb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qb]LB[kb:a]C[Black 'a' is sente.]N[(a)])
(;W[nb]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb];W[qc];B[pb]C[White cannot live.])))
(;B[lc]N[(b)];W[le];B[ne];W[lb];B[kb];W[ma];B[jc];W[rc];B[pj];W[oh]))
(;B[qc]N[(c)];W[oe];B[pf];W[ne]))
(;W[md]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][le:b]N[(b)]
(;B[nd]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nc:a][mc:b]N[(a)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[me];W[mc];B[le];W[kb])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[me]LB[lb:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is played only if the right side is important.]
(;W[lb]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[le:a][pj:b]N[(a)]
(;B[le]LB[qc:a][jc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]N[(a)];W[pk])
(;B[pj]LB[le:a]C[If Black values the lower right enough to suffer the cut at 'a'.]N[(b)];W[le];B[mf];W[ke]))
(;W[lc]LB[kd:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a' for thickness or 'b' to take a vital point on the right side.]N[(b)]
(;B[kd]N[(a)];W[kc];B[jd];W[pk])
(;B[le]N[(b)];W[kc];B[pj]))))
(;B[le]N[(b)];W[oe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pf:a][of:b]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[mf])
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[ne];B[nf];W[pf];B[qe];W[ph];B[mc];W[nc];B[qc];W[lb]C[The result cannot be fully evaluated in the local context.])))
(;W[mc]LB[ne:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(c)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[lc];B[kd];W[kc];B[jd];W[pk];B[jc])
(;B[lc]C[Black 11 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[oe]LB[pf:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[nd]C[White has the initiative.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[md];B[ne];W[me]LB[pf:a]C[White plays 16. White avoids playing the atari at 'a'.])))
(;W[nd]C[White 10 demonstrates an ignorance of the principles of Go. White is easily forced into bad shape.]N[mistake (d)];B[oe];W[ne];B[nf];W[me];B[qc];W[mc]LB[og:a]C[Black follows up locally with 'a'.]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[nc];W[qc];B[ob]LB[qb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is ko food.]
(;W[qb]LB[pf:a][qf:b]C[If later Black 'a', White must give way with 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;W[pb]N[(b)])))
(;W[nd]N[(c)];B[oe];W[pc];B[qc];W[ne]LB[pg:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pg]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mf:a][le:b]N[(a)]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[ph])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[ke];W[lf];B[kd];W[qh];B[nf];W[md];B[jg];W[lh]))
(;B[nf]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mf]LB[me:a][ng:b]C[Black 'a' is no good. Black 'b', slightly better.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[of]LB[nc:a][ng:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[ng];B[md];W[nf];B[pd];W[mc];B[nb];W[mb];B[pb];W[kc]LB[na:a]C[The White atari at 'a' should be saved as a ko threat, as it is playable anytime.])
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pf];W[pg];B[og];W[qf];B[of];W[nc]LB[lc:a][qb:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai for White.]
))
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[le];B[mg];W[lg];B[lh];W[kg]C[White has nice shape.]))))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[qj]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pc:a][nd:b]
(;B[pc]N[(a)])
(;B[nd]LB[qb:a][lb:b]C[White can live with 'a', and the side is open at 'b'.]N[(b)])))
(;W[pg]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[The choice between the low and high two-space counter pincer makes a big difference in later play. 

Black can answer at 'a' or 'b'.]N[nikken takabasami (2-space high pincer) (k)]
(;B[od]LB[pd:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pc]LB[qc:a][re:b][oe:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is unique with the high pincer (compared to the low, where Black must play 'b'). Black 'c' keeps the position simple at a cost.]
(;B[qc]LB[qb:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an old pattern.]N[(a)]
(;W[qb]LB[qf:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[rb];B[nd];W[nb];B[rh])
(;B[rb]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[oe];W[pb];B[re];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[qh];W[qg];B[ra]C[Black lives. Now White must settle his stones at top.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[me];W[mc];B[lc];W[lb];B[kb];W[nb];B[la];W[mb];B[le];W[jc];B[kc];W[nf]
;B[ne]C[White gets a slightly better result.])
(;W[mc]LB[lc:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(b)]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[md];B[me];W[lb];B[kb];W[nb];B[la];W[mb];B[le];W[jc];B[kc];W[nf];B[ne]
)
(;B[md]C[Black 23 looks better than it is.]N[not good (b)];W[lb]))))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[pf];W[nd];B[of]LB[nf:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' tries to avoid giving Black such great shape on the right side.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[og]C[This pattern is considered to favor Black.])
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[qg])))
(;B[re]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[md:a][nd:b]N[(b)]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[le]LB[lc:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake, failing to account for the high White pincer at 4.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[kc];W[mc];B[jd])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[of];W[ne];B[pf]))
(;W[nd]C[White 10 is an exception - usually this atari is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[oe];W[md]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[le:a][me:b]
(;B[le]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mf:a][nf:b]N[(a)]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[me];W[ne];B[nf]LB[lc:a][mg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[kc];W[mb];B[jd]LB[lb:a]C[It is better not to give atari at 'a'.])
(;W[mg]C[White 18 is a mistake, as it is not sente.]N[mistake (b)];B[lc]LB[of:a][nc:b]C[If White 'a', Black 'c'. The result is terrible for White.];W[mb]C[White must play 20.];B[og];W[lb];B[kb];W[rb];B[ph]))
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[ne];W[me];B[mf];W[lc];B[lf];W[ng];B[qc];W[mb]))
(;B[me]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[ne:a][lc:b]N[(b)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nf];W[mf];B[le];W[lc];B[kc];W[mb];B[jd])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[ne];W[kd];B[le];W[jc]LB[qc:a][qb:b]C[If Black plays 'a', White replies 'b' and connects.]))))
(;B[oe]N[(c)];W[qe]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[re];B[qg];W[rd];B[ph])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[re];W[qf];B[rf];W[rg];B[qh];W[qg];B[ra]LB[md:a][mc:b]C[Black is settled in the corner. White continues with 'a' or 'b'. See variation 2-1-8-11-1-1-1-2.]
)))
(;W[nd]C[White 6 is pointless with the high pincer.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[pc]LB[ne:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]LB[qc:a][pd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. With White 6, the damage is already done.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qf];W[qg];B[nc];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[lb];W[kc];B[lc];W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[rg]
;W[rh];B[rc];W[rb];B[re];W[sc]LB[qh:a][qi:b]C[White 26 is absolutely necessary. If the ladder is favorable, Black cuts at 'a', otherwise can peep at 'b'.])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pe];W[qe];B[re];W[qf];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[rf];W[rg];B[qh];W[qg]
;B[ra]LB[md:a]C[This sequence so far is forced. Clearly White 6 would be better placed at 'a'. White has no good way to settle the top group of stones.];W[lb];B[kb];W[kc];B[lc];W[jb];B[mb];W[ka];B[nc]C[The White stones are captured; the continuation shows Black's vain attempt to save them.];W[nb];B[mc]
;W[ma];B[pa]LB[na:a][ob:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai; the White stones are history.]))
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[ne];B[qf]LB[nf:a][nc:b]C[Black 11 is a possible continuation. Black later aims at 'a' and the cutting point 'b'.])))
(;B[pe]LB[me:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is too slow.]N[(b)]
(;W[me]LB[le:a][nd:b][og:c]C[White 6 is the tesuji for settling his stones.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' takes the bait. Black 'c' is not recommended either.]N[(a)]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[mf];B[pc];W[lf])
(;B[nd]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[nb];W[ne];B[mb];W[lc];B[oe];W[ng]C[In the early game, White's strength exceeds Black's profit.])
(;B[og]C[Black 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[oh];B[of];W[md];B[ph];W[pi];B[qh];W[qi];B[rg];W[rh];B[qg];W[nh]LB[mf:a][le:b]C[Black 'a' is possible, but provoking White 'b' is not good.]
))
(;W[nd]C[White 6 is slow.]N[not good (b)];B[of]LB[md:a]C[After Black 7, White 6 clearly would be better at 'a'.];W[le];B[ke];W[me];B[pc];W[kd];B[jd];W[kc];B[jc];W[lb]
;B[kb];W[lc]C[This mirrors variation 2-1-8-11-2-3. White has not done well.])))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. 

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White tenuki (l)]LB[pc:a][od:b]
(;B[pc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[od:a][pe:b]N[(a)]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[pf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[ne:a][me:b]
(;W[ne]LB[ph:a][mf:b][qi:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;B[ph]LB[mf:a][le:b]N[(a)]C[White plays 'a' if a ladder to the lower left is not favorable. If White has a favorable ladder to the lower left, White continues with 'b'.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[id])
(;W[le]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[ke];W[kd];B[lc];W[je];B[kf];W[lf];B[jd];W[kc]LB[jc:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder to capture Black 11, 15 is favorable to Black, or 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;B[jc]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[kb];B[lb];W[jb];B[ib];W[ic];B[id];W[ie];B[hd];W[kg])
(;B[mb]N[(b)];W[jc];B[ob];W[lg]C[Black has failed.])))
(;B[mf]LB[og:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' leaves Black a step ahead.]N[(b)]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[pg]LB[oh:a][mg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' can leave White with bad shape or a ko.]
(;W[oh]N[(a)];B[qi];W[mg];B[lg];W[mh])
(;W[mg]N[not good (b)]C[White 11 is not recommended.];B[lg]LB[mh:a][nf:b]C[White 'a' leads to bad shape, White 'b' to ko.]
(;W[mh]N[(a)];B[nf];W[of];B[pe];W[oe];B[oh];W[ng];B[lf])
(;W[nf]C[White must fight a ko.]N[(b)];B[mh];W[nh])))
(;W[nf]N[mistake (b)]C[White 9 is hopeless.];B[mg];W[ng];B[mh]LB[qe:a][qf:b]C[If now White 'a', Black 'b'.]))
(;B[qi]N[(c)]C[Black 8 is a bit loose, but playable.];W[id];B[lf];W[ng]))
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[le];W[mg]LB[lf:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' lets White settle his stones. ]
(;B[lf]N[(a)];W[mf];B[md];W[of];B[pe];W[oe];B[ph];W[lg])
(;B[ph]N[not good (b)]C[Black 10 is not recommended.];W[lf])))
(;W[pe]LB[pd:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' lacks fighting spirit.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[oe]LB[od:a][qe:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[qe];B[nd];W[qi])
(;B[qe]LB[od:a][pg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]N[(b)]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[od])))
(;B[qe]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 6 is a mistake.];W[pb];B[qb];W[pd];B[qc];W[pf])))
(;B[od]LB[pc:a][pd:b][nd:c]C[White can respond with 'a' or 'b'. A favorable ladder is required for 'b'.

White 'c' is not recommended.
]N[(b)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[pd];W[qc];B[nc];W[nb]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mc:a][mb:b]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[mb];B[lb];W[kc];B[lc])
(;B[mb]C[Black plays this way to get sente.]N[(b)];W[mc];B[nd];W[lb]LB[lc:a][rc:b]C['a' and 'b' are Black's continuations, but playing this way immediately is a waste (use the other variation if Black doesn't want sente).]))
(;W[pd]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pe];W[pc]LB[nd:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White plays 'b' to sacrifice the three stones for a position on the right side.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[re];W[rb]LB[rc:a][nc:b][rd:c]C[If White plays 12 at 'a', Black 'b' is sente, which is painful. Giving atari at 'c' destroys the future potential here.])
(;W[qe]C[The idea is to sacrifice the three White stones in order to settle on the right.]N[(b)];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[re];B[pb];W[rc];B[qa];W[rd];B[qb];W[pf];B[oe]
;W[qi]))
(;B[qc]LB[mc:a][qe:b]C[White plays 'a' to save the three stones, or 'b' to sacrifice the three stones for position on the right side.]N[(b)]
(;W[mc]C[White saves his three stones with 10.]N[(a)];B[ne];W[lc];B[kd];W[kc];B[jd];W[ic];B[qj]C[Black builds a large framework, but has played two extra moves to do so.])
(;W[qe]C[White sacrifices his three stones with 10.]N[(b)];B[oe];W[qb];B[rb];W[re];B[pb];W[rc];B[qa];W[rd];B[qb];W[qh];B[nc]
)))
(;W[nd]C[White 6 leads to bad shape.]N[(c)];B[oe];W[pc];B[qc];W[ne];B[nf]LB[me:a][mf:b]C[White must play 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[of])
(;W[mf]N[mistake (b)]C[White 11 is unreasonable.];B[me]LB[nc:a][of:b]C[White can only play 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[of];W[lc];B[lf];W[kc];B[mg]C[Black's outward strength is winning.])
(;W[of]N[reckless (b)]C[White 13 is reckless.];B[ng];W[pd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pf];W[qf];B[pg];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[qg]
;W[re];B[sd]C[Black 27 is the tesuji to save the stones, along with 29.];W[rg];B[sf]LB[rf:a][rh:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rh])
(;W[rh]N[(b)];B[rf])))))))
(;B[kd]LB[qc:a][pd:b][pe:c][of:d][pf:e][pg:f][qb:g][dp:h]C[The three-space high pincer is relatively recent (since the 1950s). It is not often played, and not many definitive sequences have been worked out.

The balance with the top-left corner is usually the main factor in choosing this pincer.

White responds from 'a' to 'g', and may play elsewhere.

h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[sangen basami (3-space low pincer) (i)]
(;W[qc]C[White aim to settle quickly.]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][qb:b]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pg])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[rd];B[qc];W[oe]))
(;W[pd]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[pg])
(;B[qc]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[re]LB[rf:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' to take the corner, or 'b' to force Black along to crawl along the second line (the 'line of defeat').]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[pe];B[rg];W[rd];B[sf];W[rc]C[White takes the corner.])
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[rf];W[qg])))
(;W[pe]LB[qe:a][pd:b]C[White 4 is a bit risky, though nothing happens if Black plays 'a' rather than the cut following 'b'.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[qg];W[id]LB[ne:a]C[Black may continue with 'a'.])
(;B[pd]N[(b)]C[Black plays tough, planning to cut.];W[od];B[oe];W[pf]LB[of:a][ne:b]C[White 8 is the only move.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[pg];B[og];W[ph];B[pc];W[pb];B[qb];W[ob];B[rc];W[re];B[rd]LB[ne:a][lc:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended, as Black gets superior thickness. White 'c' is better than 'b', but not by much.]

(;W[ne]C[White 20 is the strongest continuation.]N[(a)];B[oh];W[oi];B[mh];W[le];B[ld];W[md];B[mf];W[me];B[pi]LB[qi:a][pj:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]

(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[pj];W[qj];B[pk])
(;W[pj]C[White 30 is a mistake. The five White stones on the right will be captured.]N[mistake (b)];B[qi];W[qj];B[rh]LB[rj:a][rg:b]C[Black 33 is the tesuji. White 'a' is the best White can do, but not good enough. If White 'b', Black 'a'.];W[rj];B[rg];W[rf];B[qe];W[qf];B[sg]
;W[sf];B[ri]))
(;W[lc]C[White 20 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[oh];W[pi];B[ld];W[kc];B[jc];W[jb];B[ib]C[To live, White gives Black considerable thickness.])
(;W[md]C[White 20 is not very good.]N[not very good (c)];B[me];W[ld];B[le];W[kb];B[kc];W[lb];B[ic];W[jb];B[ie]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 9 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[qb];B[rf]LB[mc:a]C[White can settle himself with 'a'. The three-space pincer is  too far to be a weapon. White has an easy fight.])))
(;W[of]LB[qg:a][oe:b]C[White 4 is natural. Variations are the same as other pincers.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[niken basami (2-space pincer) (d)]
(;B[qg]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[id:a][ph:b]N[(a)]
(;W[id]N[(a)])
(;W[ph]C[White may choose the right side.]N[(b)];B[pg];W[og];B[oh];W[pj];B[nh];W[qh]))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[ne];B[pe]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][mc:b]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nf]LB[og:a][ld:b]C[White must now decide what to do about White 4, the cut stone. White 'a' is the better option. White 'b', the sacrifice, is not recommended.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[ng];W[oh];B[lf];W[qb];B[qg])
(;W[ld]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[og];W[mf];B[ng];W[kc]C[White position is tenuous. Compare this result with variation 2-1-8-5-2-1-1-1.]))
(;W[mc]C[White 8 avoids fighting.]N[(b)];B[nf];W[me];B[og];W[mf];B[ng]LB[hd:a]C[White may continue with 'a'.])))
(;W[pf]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[White adopts the taisha. Black can play 'a' or 'b'.]N[taisha (d)]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pd];B[pe];W[pc];B[qe];W[oe];B[nd];W[qc]LB[qf:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' was recently played by Nie 9-dan, who reportedly liked the result he got.]
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[of];B[qh];W[mb])
(;B[re]N[(b)]AW[dd][pp]AB[dq]C[The game setup where this variation occurred is shown for reference. The colors are reversed from the actual game.];W[rc];B[of];W[ne];B[md];W[og];B[nf];W[me];B[le];W[mf]
;B[ng];W[nh];B[mg];W[lf];B[pg];W[kf];B[nb];W[ob];B[id];W[lh];B[oh];W[gc]))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[oe];B[qf];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph]LB[qh:a][qi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. A Black jump to 'c' is premature.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[pi];B[qj];W[id])
(;B[qi]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[qe];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[qb];W[pc]LB[rd:a][sb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)])
(;B[sb]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qh];B[rh]LB[rg:a][ri:b]C[Depending upon the ladder, White can play 'a', threatening to capture Black 11, or 'b', aiming for Black 15 or the five Black stones.]))))
(;W[pg]C[The large taisha.]N[oogeima taisha (f)];B[od]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][pd:b]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[oe];W[pc]LB[ne:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recomended.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[md];B[me]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qc:a][pd:b]
(;W[qc]LB[mb:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[mb]LB[nb:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[ld];W[pj])
(;W[lc]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[kc];W[lb];B[kb];W[la];B[ld];W[mc]))
(;B[ld]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mb]))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pe];W[qe]LB[re:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' keeps the situation simple, but gives White superior profit.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[qf];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[rf];W[rg];B[qh];W[qg];B[ra];W[mb]LB[kb:a][oi:b][pk:c]C[Black continues with 'a' through 'c', depending on the overall situation.]
)
(;B[qf]C[Black 15 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[re];B[qg];W[rd];B[ph])))
(;B[qc]LB[mc:a][le:b]C[Black 9 is not recommended. White is conservative, and Black gets the better of it. White 'b' is a light, flexible reply that Black will have trouble answering.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[og];W[oh];B[ng])
(;W[le]N[(b)])))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pc]LB[nd:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'a' is simple but a bit mild, while 'b' is complicated.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[qe];B[qf];W[re];B[pf];W[rd];B[og])
(;B[qc]LB[mc:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(b)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[oe];W[qb];B[rb];W[me];B[og];W[oh];B[ng]LB[lf:a][qe:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations. White 'a' is simple, White 'b' a strong move.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[ph];W[pi];B[qh];W[qi];B[rg];W[rh];B[qg])
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[pb];W[ob];B[qf];W[re];B[qa];W[qg]LB[lf:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[lf]C[What should follow is not altogether clear.]N[(a)])
(;B[rf]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf];B[rd];W[of];B[nf];W[ne];B[se];W[pi]C[White looks forward to profitably tormenting the three Black stones.])))
(;W[oe]C[White 10 is an old 2-space pincer joseki that is no longer considered favorably.]N[not good (b)];B[pf]LB[nd:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is reckless.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[of];W[me];B[qg])
(;W[of]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nd];W[qb];B[rf]LB[rb:a][og:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])))))
(;W[qb]N[(g)];B[pf];W[mc];B[qj])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (h)];B[pc];W[od];B[pf];W[md];B[ph]))
(;B[od]C[Black 3 may be used when Black is strong on the right side.]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (j)];W[nd];B[oe]C[Black 3 and 5 are the tsukenobi.];W[pc];B[qc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[kc:a][ne:b]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[qj])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nf]LB[lc:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[qf])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[qf];W[og];B[mf];W[lc]LB[ld:a][qg:b]C[Black 'a' and White 'b' are the respective tesujis for each side to settle himself.])))
(;B[nd]LB[od:a][qc:b][pd:c]C[Black 3, a straight-forward attempt to build thickness, is generally regarded as a trick play, but White must be careful in answering.

Black must have the ladder to play this way.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]N[kake (press-down) (k)]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[oe]LB[ne:a][pe:b]C[White 'a' is correct. White 'b' is a mistake, though Black may make his own mistakes after White 'b'.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)]LB[nc:a][pe:b][md:c]C[White 6 is the only move.

Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]LB[pe:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a' and 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[of];W[pd];B[pf];W[qe];B[qf];W[re];B[me])
(;W[nb]N[(b)];B[me];W[nf];B[of]LB[mf:a][ng:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[mb];W[pb];B[na];W[ob];B[mc];W[le]LB[jc:a][qc:b][qb:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' takes the five White stones and the corner, in the process giving White magnificant thickness. Black 'c' is also unreasonable.]
(;B[jc]N[(a)];W[qc])
(;B[qc]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[kc];B[kb];W[jb]LB[lb:a][jc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a trick play difficult to counter.]
(;B[lb]N[(a)];W[ic];B[qb];W[og];B[qf];W[lc];B[pd];W[md];B[pa])
(;B[jc]LB[og:a][kd:b][lc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a ridiculous mistake. White 'c' is also a mistake, worse than 'b', though seemingly much less ridiculous.]N[(b)]
(;W[og]LB[pd:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[lc];B[lb];W[ib];B[qb];W[pg];B[qf];W[md];B[pa];W[id]C[Black 23 retains some aji, but White has triumphed.])
(;B[pg]C[Black 25 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf];B[pe];W[lc];B[lb];W[ib]C[Black cannot set up the ladder as in variation 2-1-11-1-2-1-2-2-3, so White wins.]))
(;W[kd]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ib];W[lb];B[ja];W[lc];B[la];W[md];B[ma])
(;W[lc]LB[og:a]C[White 24 is a mistake. White must play 'a' before 24, as it breaks a ladder. This sequence shows why.]N[mistake (c)];B[lb];W[ib];B[ld];W[kd];B[ke];W[md];B[jd];W[ld];B[lf];W[me]
;B[mg]LB[og:a]C[White is captured in a ladder. If White had played 'a' first, the ladder would be broken.])))
(;B[qb]LB[qc:a][kc:b]C[White 19 is a mistake. 

White continues with 'a'. White 'b', giving up the stones, is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb]LB[pd:a]C[White must not play 'a' first, as then Black takes the first ko, not White.];B[pc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qc];B[qa]
;W[ra];B[pc];W[pe];B[pf];W[qc]C[Black has no more ko threats.]))
(;W[ng]C[White 12 is a mistake, too slack for the fight.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[pb];B[lc];W[rc];B[rd];W[mb];B[ke];W[rb];B[og];W[nh];B[pi]C[Black makes territory and White is left in an awkward position.]
)))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[md];B[nf];W[me])
(;B[md]N[mistake (c)];W[pe];B[of];W[pd];B[mf];W[qe]))
(;W[pe]C[White 6 is bad.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[ne];B[of];W[md];B[nf]LB[me:a][nc:b]C[White 'a' looks logical, but 'b' is better.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[ob]LB[nc:a][pc:b]C[Black 13 is the tesuji that makes Black 3 worth trying in the first place.

White 'a' and 'b' both lead to losses (or should anyway).]
(;W[nc]C[White 14 is honte (the right move).]N[honte (a)];B[pb])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[nc]LB[nb:a][pb:b][qc:c]C[White 'a' looks promising, but 'b' is better. White 'c' is another opportunity for Black mistakes.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[mc];W[pb];B[lc];W[qe];B[rd];W[re];B[qb];W[oa];B[rb]LB[ma:a][qg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai, and White is trapped.]
)
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[nb]LB[qc:a][rc:b]C[White 'a' is a mistake. White 'b' is better, though the outcome  favors Black.]
(;W[qc]LB[rc:a][rd:b]N[mistake (a)]C[White 18 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[rd];B[qe];W[rb];B[lc];W[pf];B[re];W[pg];B[sd];W[mg];B[pa];W[qb];B[sb]C[Black wins.]
)
(;B[rd]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mc];B[rc];W[pa];B[qa];W[rb]C[White wins.]))
(;W[rc]C[White 18 is the correct move.]N[honte (b)];B[rd];W[qc];B[lc];W[pf];B[pg];W[re];B[qg];W[rf];B[nh]))
(;W[qc]LB[rc:a][rd:b]N[(c)]C[Black continues with the unlikely move 'a'.

The extension of Black 'b' looks correct, but is a mistake. ]
(;B[rc]C[Black 17 is better than it looks.]N[(a)];W[rd];B[qe];W[rb];B[qb];W[sc];B[pb];W[rc];B[re];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb]
;B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[qa];B[lf])
(;B[rd]C[Though not obviously so, Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mc];B[nb];W[pb];B[rc];W[pa];B[qb];W[rb];B[ra];W[mb]))))
(;W[nc]N[(b)]C[White 12 is the correct move.];B[le];W[kd];B[qg])))
(;W[qc]C[White 4 lacks fighting spirit.]N[weak (b)];B[od]LB[rd:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pc];W[pb];B[pd];W[rb];B[re];W[nc];B[md])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pc];B[re]))
(;W[pd]C[White 4 helps Black build thickness.]N[(c)];B[pe];W[qc];B[re];W[nc];B[md])
(;W[nc]C[White 4 is passive.]N[not good (d)];B[md];W[mc];B[ld];W[kc];B[pe]))
(;B[pc]AB[kc]C[Black 3 makes sense in the context of having Black support at top as shown or nearby.

Kitani Minoru was fond of Black 3.]N[(l)];W[od]LB[pe:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[le]C[Depending upon the exact location of the top side Black stone, other White continuations are possible.])
(;B[pf]C[Black 5 is thinner than the kosumi, leaving Black more subject to later cutting.]N[(b)];W[le]))
(;B[oe]N[(m) trick play]LB[qc:a][md:b]C[Black 3 is a trick play. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not good.]
(;W[qc]LB[pd:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pc];B[me];W[lc])
(;B[rc]C[Black 5 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[pe];W[rd];B[qe];W[rb]))
(;W[md]C[White 4 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[od];B[pd])))
(;W[nc]LB[pc:a][od:b][lc:c][kd:d][dp:e]C[White 2 is used with friendly forces backing it up. Its purpose is to prevent a pincer. Locally it results in a loss, but may be appropriate fuseki strategy. 

It was popular in the late 1950s and early 1960s, but is not seen often nowadays, having been replaced by the one-space high approach, with which it has points in common.

Black responses range from 'a' to 'd'. Black may also play elsewhere.

elsewhere e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[ogeima kakari (large knight's attack) (b)]
(;B[pc]LB[kc:a][jd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. The wisdom of White 'b' depends on the left corner.]N[kosumi (diagonal block) (a)]
(;W[kc]AB[dc][de]LB[ic:a][qg:b]C[Here is an example where White may try this approach. 

Black continues with 'a'.  Black 'b' lacks direction.]N[2-space extension (a)]
(;B[ic]LB[pe:a][qf:b]C[White has erased some of Black's left-side enclosure influence, but Black 5 is a good follow-up to White 4.

White may continue with 'a' to build a center position, or 'b' to emphasize the right side.]N[tsume (checking extension) (a)]
(;W[pe]N[kake (press-down) (a)];B[qe];W[pg];B[qf];W[ng];B[qh])
(;W[qf]N[ikken basami (1-space pincer) (b)];B[oe];W[qi]))
(;B[qg]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[2-space extension: mistake (b)];W[hc]C[Now White has excellent position.]))
(;W[jd]AB[dc][de]C[In this case, White 4 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[hc]LB[jb:a][dp:b]C[Now White must defend at 'a'. 'b' shows what happens if White plays elsewhere.]
(;W[jb]N[good (a)]C[White 6 is necessary])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[ld];W[lc];B[kc];W[kd];B[jc]C[White is split by the invasion.])))
(;B[od]LB[nd:a][pb:b]C[White can respond with 'a' or 'b'.]N[kata-tsuki (shoulder attack) (b)]
(;W[nd]LB[oc:a][ne:b][oe:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[ne]LB[jd:a][id:b]C[Black continues around 'a' or 'b' to erase White thickness.])
(;B[ne]LB[me:a][oc:b][pb:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended, as it only strengthens Black. White 'c', also not recommended, presents a contradiction.]N[(b)]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[oc];W[ob];B[pb];W[nb];B[oe];W[mf]C[The corner is safe, as one can see from the continuation.];B[]N[Black tenuki]C[Black plays elsewhere. As a continuation, White tries an invasion.];W[qb]C[White invades.];B[pa];W[qc]
;B[pc];W[rd];B[re];W[qe];B[qf];W[pd];B[pe]C[White cannot live.])
(;W[oc]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[oe];B[pd]LB[me:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[nf];W[ld]LB[of:a][mg:b]C[Black can continue at 'a', 'b', or play elsewhere.])
(;W[of]C[White 10 is risky.]N[overplay (b)];B[me];W[kc];B[qg];W[ng];B[lf]LB[ic:a][lc:b]C[Black is secure, while White is vulnerable to attacks at 'a' at 'b'.]))
(;W[pb]C[White's orientation toward influence with 4 contrasts with the territory orientation of 6.]N[not good (c)];B[me];W[qc];B[rd];W[lc]))
(;B[oe]C[Black 5 is slack.]N[not good (c)];W[pb];B[ne];W[me];B[mf];W[le]))
(;W[pb]LB[nd:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mc]LB[md:a][ld:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' has been seen in professional games (Cho Chikun played it against Kato Masao in the 1st game of the 1983 Judan title).]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[qc]LB[rd:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[lc];B[qj])
(;B[rc]LB[lc:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)])
(;W[rb]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[qb];B[lc])))
(;B[ld]LB[md:a][lc:b]C[Black 7 is a stretch. Black is willing to follow up with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)];W[qc];B[rd];W[kb];B[md]))
(;B[ld]C[Black 5 is a powerful play.]N[(b)];W[nd];B[ne]LB[me:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is usually good style, but not here.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[md];W[oe];B[nf];W[pd];B[pe];W[oc];B[of];W[qe];B[od];W[rd];B[pc];W[qc]
;B[pd];W[pf];B[oe];W[rb];B[qf];W[re];B[pg])
(;W[oe]LB[me:a][of:b]C[White 8 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[mistake (b)]
(;B[me]LB[pd:a]C[White 'a' is not recommended. White lacks a good continuation.]N[(a)];W[pd];B[pe];W[oc];B[of]LB[qe:a]C[The ko is too big for White to cut at 'a', so White is at a loss.])
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[pe];B[pd])))))
(;B[lc]N[ikken basami (1-space pincer) (c)];W[qc];B[pc];W[pd]LB[qb:a][od:b][pb:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake. Black 'c', basically a sacrifice play, is possible.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rc];B[od];W[pe];B[oc];W[rb]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[of:a][pg:b]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[oe];B[ne]LB[qe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a vulgar mistake.]
(;W[qe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nf:a][nd:b]N[(a)]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[qg]LB[qf:a][re:b][jc:c][nd:d][nb:e]C[White 18 is big, as it prevents Black 'a', which White must answer with 'b'. White looks to playing 'c', after which 'd' and 'e' become tempting.])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[nf];B[og];W[mf];B[qf];W[re];B[nh]))
(;W[pf]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg]LB[re:a][nf:b]C[White must play 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[nf])
(;W[nf]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qf];W[og];B[qe];W[of];B[ph];W[nd];B[nb]LB[me:a][pb:b]C[White 'a' and the White corner stones die. White 'b' (a live corner) and Black gets 'a'.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[ob])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[ob];W[qa];B[me]))))
(;B[pg]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[oe:a][of:b]N[(b)]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[nd];W[ne];B[me];W[mf];B[le];W[ng])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[og];W[nf];B[nd];W[qf];B[qg];W[rf])))
(;B[od]C[Black 7 is a mistake in order.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[qb];W[oc];B[rc];W[pb];B[qc];W[ne]C[Black's pincer has lost its meaning.])
(;B[pb]LB[qb:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not as good.]N[(c)]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[pe];W[od];B[rd];W[ob];B[rb];W[oc];B[rc];W[pa];B[qh]C[White 2 is not good shape, but capturing the two Black stones makes this a reasonable result.])
(;W[pe]C[White 8 gives Black the corner for White thickness.]N[not good (b)];B[rc];W[qe];B[rd];W[ne])))
(;B[kd]LB[qc:a][pd:b][ne:c]C[The two-space high and one-space high pincer are similar.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]N[niken takabasami (2-space high pincer) (d)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[pc];W[pd];B[qb];W[rc];B[od];W[pe];B[oc]LB[rb:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives White sente at a cost of local loss.]
(;W[rb]LB[pg:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[of];B[nd];W[og]LB[pi:a][rg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pi]N[(a)];W[qg])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[re];B[qj]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 13 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[pg]))
(;W[qf]C[White 12 is not recommended unless sente is essential.]N[not good (but sente) (b)];B[rb];W[rd];B[nd]))
(;W[pd]LB[qc:a][qe:b][pc:c][pe:d]C[White 4 is a powerful play.

Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.]N[(b)]
(;B[qc]LB[qe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' makes White 4 pointless.]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pe];W[re]LB[pc:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended, especially if White has a favorable ladder to the far corner.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[od];B[pf];W[qg]C[The future is uncertain, but fighting is certain.

Black's pincer at 3 is not in great position, and the three Black corner stones are not quite alive, so White has little to fear.])
(;B[od]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[oc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[pf]LB[oe:a]C[Black must defend with 15 against the cut at 'a'. If the ladder is favorable, White can cut at 'a' anyway.]))
(;W[pf]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe];W[nf];B[qg]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[qc];B[rc]LB[pc:a][rb:b][pe:c]C[White continues with 'a', or if White has a favorable ladder, the tough double hane of 'b'. White 'c' is also possible.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[rb]LB[of:a][kb:b]C[White typically continues with 'a', but may choose 'b' with a later aim.]
(;W[of]C[A possible continuation.]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[kb]LB[qg:a]C[White plays 10 to provide a base for his stones so as to play 'a' later.]N[(b)]))
(;W[rb]LB[qb:a][pc:b]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' shows the ladder setup, playable only if Black has the ladder to the opposite corner (in which case White 8 is a mistake).]N[White ladder (b)]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pc];B[sb];W[pf];B[qf];W[qg];B[rg];W[pe])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[qb];B[od]))
(;W[pe]N[(c)];B[qf];W[rb];B[qb];W[pc];B[sb];W[og];B[ph];W[hd]))
(;B[pc]N[(c)];W[qe];B[od];W[pe];B[oc];W[qc]LB[qb:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' favors White.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rd];B[nd]LB[rb:a][qi:b]C[As 'a' and 'b' are miai, White may continue elsewhere.])
(;B[oe]LB[rd:a][qb:b][of:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' creates aji for Black. White 'c' is not recommended.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[og]LB[of:a]C[Black must play 13 or White plays 'a'.])
(;W[qb]N[not good (b)]C[White 12 creates aji for Black.])
(;W[of]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[pf]C[A fight ensues with good odds towards Black.])))
(;B[pe]N[(d)];W[qc]LB[rc:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is less favorable.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[re];W[oe];B[pf];W[of];B[pg])
(;B[qe]N[not good (b)]C[Black 7 is not recommended.];W[pc]LB[qi:a]C[White is satisfied to have some corner profit and be sufficiently settled. 

A Black extension to 'a' in gote is not recommended unless it works toward the bottom right corner.])))
(;W[ne]C[White 4 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[pf]LB[qc:a][pc:b]C[After Black 5, the exchange of White 'a', Black 'b' doesn't work well.]))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (e)]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[qc];B[pc];W[pd];B[qb];W[rc];B[od]LB[pe:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[oc];W[rb];B[nd];W[pg];B[kd])
(;W[pb]C[White is confined while giving Black superior thickness.]N[not good (b)];B[pe];W[oc];B[pd];W[rb];B[ob];W[qa];B[md]LB[nb:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[mc]N[not good (b)];B[lc]))))
(;W[nd]LB[pf:a][oc:b][ne:c][pc:d][lc:e][dp:f]N[niken taka-gakari (two-point high attack) (c)]C[The great master Honinbo Shuei (1852-1906) favored the two-space high (niken taka-gakari) approach, especially in two stone handicap games. This approach move was very popular in the 1910s. Go Seigen frequently played this way, considering it a good "whole board" approach. In recent years, O Rissei has often used the two-space high approach.

Almost all variations have been completely explored. 

Black plays 'a' to 'e' or elsewhere ('f'). 'd' secures the corner, but is submissive.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;B[pf]LB[jc:a][ic:b][pc:c]N[(a)]C[Black 3 is peaceful. Black 3 was common when this approach move was first played, but no longer.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is one space too far.

White 'c' erases aji in the corner for White.]
(;W[jc]LB[qj:a][dp:b][lc:c]C[Black continues with 'a', plays elsewhere ('b'), or aggressively invades with 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qj]LB[qc:a][pc:b]C[The corner is now important. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is insufficient.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]LB[pc:a][rc:b]C[If White goes into the corner, White 6 is the only move. 

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is submissive.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc];W[pd]LB[od:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pe];B[oe];W[qe];B[qf]LB[re:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rf:a][qb:b]N[(a)]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[rd];B[pb]LB[qb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[nc];W[of];B[ne];W[og];B[ph])
(;W[nb]LB[oc:a]C[White 18 is a tesuji providing protection on the right side. White can still live in the corner, as Black must connect at 'a'.]N[(b)];B[rb];W[qb];B[qa];W[rc];B[oc];W[ra];B[sa];W[sc]LB[ng:a]C[Next, Black should play 'a' to protect the cutting point.]
))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[rd];B[oc];W[rb];B[ng]))
(;W[rd]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[qd];B[oc]LB[rf:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rg];W[se];B[of])
(;W[of]C[The cut is premature.]N[mistake (b)];B[rf];W[rb];B[ne]LB[pb:a][sc:b]C[White's cutting stone will be a burden. Besides, Black has the forcing move at 'a', requiring White 'b'.])))
(;B[qb]LB[qe:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not as favorable.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pe];B[re];W[qf])
(;W[rc]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[od];W[pe];B[oe];W[qe];B[qf];W[re])))
(;B[rc]C[Black 7 is weak.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[re]))
(;W[pc]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qc];W[pd];B[pe]LB[lc:a][md:b][nc:c]C[White retains weak points at 'a', 'b', and 'c'.]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[Black tenuki (b)]LB[pj:a][qc:b]
(;W[pj]LB[pc:a][cq:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') results in a loss.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere, a local loss.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qc]LB[pc:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is submissive.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[pe:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[od];B[rc];W[qb];B[re];W[rb];B[sb];W[oc])
(;B[od]C[Black 11 results in a tough fight for Black.]N[not good (b)];W[pe];B[oe];W[qe];B[qf]LB[rd:a][re:b]C[White takes at 'a', rather than 'b'.];W[rd];B[re];W[qd];B[oc];W[of]C[White can live in the corner. Black will have trouble with the cut at White 20.]
))
(;B[rc]C[Black 7 is submissive.]N[weak (b)];W[pd];B[qe];W[pc];B[rb];W[qg])))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[pd];B[od];W[pe];B[oe];W[qe];B[qf]LB[re:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[oc];W[rf]LB[qb:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is the safe move, but allows White 'a'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[of];B[rc];W[og];B[ne]LB[ph:a][pg:b][rh:c]C[Black later aims at 'a', White 'b', Black 'c'.])
(;B[of]C[Black 17 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qb]))
(;W[rd]C[White 13 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[re];W[qd];B[oc];W[of]C[Black has a tough fight ahead.];B[rf];W[rb];B[ne]LB[pb:a][sc:b]C[White will have trouble with the cutting stone. Black 'a' is sente, requiring White 'b'.])))
(;B[lc]LB[ld:a][qc:b][oc:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]N[(c)]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[mc];W[md];B[ob];W[kc];B[pc]C[Black gets a nice corner.])
(;W[qc]LB[pd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[mc]LB[pc:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[ld])
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[pc];B[od]LB[nb:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nb]C[White 12 is a good answer to Black 11.]N[(a)];B[ne];W[md];B[me];W[lb];B[ke])
(;W[oc]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ne]C[Now White cannot cross underneath to White 4.])))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[pd];B[od];W[oc];B[pe];W[pb];B[pd];W[nb];B[qb];W[qa];B[rc];W[me]))
(;W[oc]C[White 6 is weak.]N[not good (c)];B[le];W[nf];B[je];W[qc];B[rc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qb];B[qi])))
(;W[ic]C[White 4 is one space too far from White 2.]N[not good (b)];B[kc]LB[qc:a][jd:b]C[Black must immediately play 5, to prevent White from consolidating his position.

White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]C[White 6 makes for tough fighting.]N[(a)];B[pc]C[Black has the advantage now because of Black 5.])
(;W[jd]C[White 6 doesn't work.]N[no good (b)];B[le];W[ld];B[kd];W[ke];B[md];W[me];B[lc];W[lf];B[nc];W[ld];B[mc]C[White is left with too many cutting points.]
))
(;W[pc]C[White 4 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[qc]C[White 4 results in Black solidifying territory in the corner.]))
(;B[oc]LB[nc:a][od:b][dp:c]C[White can play at 'a', 'b', or elsewhere ('c').

c3, b2, a1]N[keima (knight's move) (b)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[od]LB[ne:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a', or if faced with a impending checking extension on the top side, 'b'.]
(;W[ne]LB[dp:a][oe:b][id:c]N[(a)]C[Black may play elsewhere ('a'), as White's position is suprisingly weak. Of course, playing elsewhere is a loss locally. 

Continue locally with 'b' or 'c'.]
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (a)]LB[oe:a][qc:b][qe:c]C[Black plays elsewhere. 

White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'c' leads to difficult fighting.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)]C[A possible continuation for White if Black plays elsewhere.];B[pe];W[pf];B[qf];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[qh])
(;W[qc]LB[oe:a][pc:b][rd:c]N[(b)]C[A possible continuation for White if Black plays elsewhere.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)]C[Black gets his corner ravaged in playing 8, but this is the best continuation.])
(;B[pc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 8 is a mistake.];W[rd];B[rc];W[qe];B[qb];W[pf])
(;B[rd]C[Black 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[ob];B[pb];W[pc];B[nb];W[pd]))
(;W[qe]LB[oe:a][pf:b][rd:c][pe:d]N[(c)]C[A possible continuation for White if Black plays elsewhere.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' or 'd' are not recommended.]
(;B[oe]C[Difficult fighting ensues.]N[(a)])
(;B[pf]C[Difficult fighting ensues.]N[(b)])
(;B[rd]C[Black 9 is submissive.]N[not good (c)];W[oe])
(;B[pe]N[not good (d)]C[Black 8 is not recommended.];W[qf];B[pf];W[rd])))
(;B[oe]N[(b)]C[Local continuation.];W[nf];B[pg];W[jd])
(;B[id]C[Black plays at 7 with support in the upper right corner.

The Black stones in the corner may be pressed by White as shown in variation 2-3-2-1-1-1.]))
(;W[jc]N[(b)];B[ne]LB[ob:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pb];W[nb];B[oe])
(;W[me]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob])))
(;W[od]LB[pd:a][nc:b][pc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.  Black 'b' leads to the large avalanche joseki. 

Black 'c' is submissive, and not recommended.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[nc];B[ob])
(;B[nc]C[Black 5 leads to the large avalanche joseki.]N[oonadare joseki (b)];W[pd];B[pc];W[qe];B[md]C[For continuation, see variation 2-4-3-2-4-1-1.])
(;B[pc]C[Black 5 is a weak move.]N[mistake (c)];W[qe];B[re];W[pd];B[rc];W[qf];B[rf];W[qh]))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (c)]LB[od:a][nc:b]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]LB[nf:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[ne];W[me];B[oe];W[mf]LB[lc:a][pg:b]C[Black may continue with 'a' or 'b'.])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[mb]))
(;B[nc]N[(b)]LB[ld:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[ld];B[md]LB[me:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[mc];W[le])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[od]))
(;W[md]C[White 6 is heavy.]N[not good (b)];B[lc]C[Black 7 is a possible local continuation.]))))
(;B[ne]LB[md:a][oe:b][pd:c][me:d]C[Black aims for influence. Complex variations are possible.

White responds at 'a' to 'd'. White 'a' and 'b' require a favorable ladder. White 'd' avoids complex variations.

d4, c3, b2, a1]N[ue-tsuke (attach on top) (c)]
(;W[md]LB[oe:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pc];B[qc];W[me])
(;B[od]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oc];B[pc];W[oe];B[pd]LB[nf:a][of:b]C[White continues at 'a' with a favorable ladder. If the ladder is not favorable, White may play 'b', but a fight ensues.]
(;W[nf]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (a)])
(;W[of]C[White does not have a favorable ladder to capture Black 3. A fight ensues.]N[Black ladder (b)];B[nf];W[ng];B[mf];W[mg];B[lf]LB[og:a]C[White must now cover the cutting point at 'a' while Black aims  at White's stones on the top side.])))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[od];W[pd];B[oc];W[of]LB[pc:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[me])
(;B[md]C[Black 9 gives White the advantage.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc];B[nc];W[qe]))
(;W[pd]N[(c)];B[pe];W[oe];B[of];W[od];B[qe]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qc:a][ld:b]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[md];W[mc];B[me];W[lc];B[rc];W[pb];B[qb];W[pc];B[rb])
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[pc];W[nf];B[og];W[me]))
(;W[me]LB[od:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a trick play that can be foiled.]N[(d)]
(;B[od]LB[oc:a][md:b]C[White continues with the tesuji at 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[oc]N[tesuji (a)];B[nc];W[md];B[ob]LB[oe:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[nf])
(;W[pc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd]LB[mc:a][nb:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[pb];W[nf]C[White has given up much profit.])
(;W[nb]N[(b)];B[mc];W[pb];B[mb];W[oa];B[kc]LB[nf:a][rb:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[rb];W[qb];B[rc];W[qa];B[qg]C[Black has a favorable result.])
(;W[rb]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nf]C[Now White's three stones are in a world of hurt.]))))
(;W[md]LB[oc:a][oe:b]C[White 6 is not recommended.

Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[not good (b)]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[nf];B[oe];W[lg])
(;B[oe]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mg])))
(;B[oe]LB[ld:a][od:b]C[Black 5 is a trick. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' falls into the trap.]N[trick play (a)]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[od];W[nc])
(;W[od]LB[pd:a][md:b]C[White hopes for Black 'a', White 'b'.]N[mistake (b)];B[md]C[Instead, Black cuts.];W[pe];B[pd];W[mc];B[ld];W[le];B[ke]C[Now White cannot catch Black in any ladder.];W[kf]LB[lf:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]

(;B[lf]N[(a)];W[mf];B[mg];W[lg];B[nf];W[lf];B[lc];W[ng];B[of];W[oc];B[pc];W[ob]LB[pf:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]

(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[lb];B[kb];W[mb];B[kc];W[pb];B[qb];W[pa];B[mh];W[je];B[hc])
(;B[pb]C[Black 27 leads to a ko that is not favorable for Black.]N[mistake (b)];W[lb];B[kb];W[nb];B[la];W[ma];B[mb];W[pg]LB[pf:a][og:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[qf];B[qe];W[og];B[pe];W[lb])
(;B[og]C[Black 35 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oh];B[nh];W[pf];B[ng];W[ni])))
(;B[pf]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[kd];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[jc];B[kb];W[jb])))))
(;B[pc]C[Black 3 is submissive. White will probably play elsewhere. The follow-up is shown.]N[kosumi (diagonal move) (d)];W[pe];B[qe];W[pg];B[pf];W[of];B[qf];W[ng]LB[qh:a]C[Black later plays 'a', but there is no hurry, as Black's corner is secure. White blocking Black on the right is not a worry for Black.])
(;B[lc]LB[pd:a][oc:b][qc:c][pe:d]N[ikken-basami (1-space pincer) (e)]C[Black 3 is the only pincer against White 2. White aims at the corner contact play. Black 3 is the only way to forstall that move.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is unreasonable. White 'd' is not recommended.]
(;W[pd]LB[qc:a][pe:b][qe:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a slack move.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pf:a][ld:b]N[(a)]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qe];W[mf];B[qg])
(;W[ld]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[kd:a][pe:b]N[(a)]
(;B[kd]N[(a)];W[le];B[mc];W[qe]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pe];B[nc])
(;B[pe]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qf];B[od];W[oe];B[pc];W[pf];B[nc];W[pd];B[oc]C[White has a better position than the joseki.]))
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[mc];B[pg];W[kc])))
(;B[pe]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][re:b]N[(a)]
(;B[rc]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' leads to a fight with equal prospects.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[re];W[oe];B[pf])
(;W[qe]C[White 8 shows fighting spirit.]N[fight (b)];B[rd];W[re];B[pf];W[qg]LB[pg:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qh];B[pc];W[od];B[pb]LB[me:a][ph:b]C[White next plays 'a' or 'b', depending on the position.])
(;B[od]C[Black 13 is not recommended, as Black loses the corner.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[oc];W[ob];B[nc];W[rb];B[nb]LB[pb:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White risks a ko playing elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[pb]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, risking a ko.]N[White tenuki: ko (b)];B[qb];W[pb];B[ra]LB[qa:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'a' leads to a two-stage ko. White 'b' leads to a direct ko.]
(;W[qa]N[(a)];B[sb])
(;W[sb]N[(b)];B[pa])))))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[pc];B[oe];W[rd];B[qe];W[mb];B[qj]))
(;W[qe]C[White 6 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[qc];W[qf];B[pf];W[pg];B[of]LB[qg:a][od:b]C[Blackk 11, ironically good shape here (usually bad shape), makes miai of 'a' and 'b'.]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 5 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pb];B[rb];W[id]C[White has comfortable shape and can switch to 10.]))
(;W[oc]C[White 4 reverts to the small knight approach move with two-space low pincer joseki (variation 2-1-5-5).]N[(b)];B[pf];W[qb];B[qj])
(;W[qc]C[White 4 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (c)];B[pd];W[pc];B[oc];W[od];B[nc])
(;W[pe]N[(d)]LB[pd:a][qe:b]C[White 4 is not a strong move.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[od];B[qe];W[pf];B[qg]LB[rg:a]C[Black 'a' is low, but also possible.];W[hd]LB[le:a][hb:b][nf:c]C[White 10 presumes White support in the upper left corner.

Depending upon whole board strategy, Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[le]LB[mf:a][nf:b]N[(a)]C[White presses with 'a'. White 'b' is defensive.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[jd])
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[lg];W[oi]))
(;B[hb]C[Black 11 aims to live at top, at the cost of giving White thickness.]N[(b)]AW[dd];W[hc];B[ib];W[gb];B[jd])
(;B[nf]N[(c)]C[Black 11, a forcing move, emphasizes the right, at the expense of Black 3.];W[me];B[ph];W[mf]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 5 ends up weakening Black 3, so reflects a change in strategy.]N[(b)];W[pd];B[qf];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[qb];W[pc];B[ra];W[og]LB[qg:a]C[White can aim at 'a' later.])))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (f)];W[qc]LB[pc:a][cq:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' shows White's follow-up if Black plays elsewhere again.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[pb:a][rc:b][od:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;B[pb]LB[qe:a][qb:b]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 
White 'a' ends with White sente.
White must have the ladder to play 'b'.
]
(;W[qe]N[(a)]C[Though an equal result, and ending in sente, White 7 is not very satisfying. ];B[rd];W[pe];B[rc])
(;W[qb]LB[rb:a][rd:b]N[White ladder (b)]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rb]LB[rc:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' starts a fight.

]N[(a)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rd];W[sb];B[ra];W[qa];B[nb]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pe:a][od:b]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[sd];W[qe];B[sc];W[sa];B[rb])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[qf];W[ob];B[oc];W[nc];B[oa];W[mb];B[lb];W[sa];B[pa]LB[pf:a][ma:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' does not work.

There is a ladder involved that should favor Black.]

(;W[pf]LB[pe:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[oe];B[qe]LB[ma:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a' with a favorable ladder running to the bottom left, or 'b' the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;W[ma]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (a)];B[mc];W[lc];B[md];W[kb];B[of];W[ne];B[ld]LB[kc:a][nf:b]C['b' is a ladder that must favor Black for 'a' and 'b' to be miai. ])
(;W[qg]C[White plays this way when the ladder is unfavorable.]N[Black ladder (b)];B[rg];W[rh]LB[pg:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' captures the corner, but gives White superior thickness.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[of];B[qh];W[ma];B[mc];W[lc];B[md];W[kb];B[ld];W[la];B[mg]C[White gets the corner, Black get slightly better influence.])
(;B[rf]C[Black 32 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pg];B[sd];W[lc]C[Locally, White's thickness is better than Black's corner profit.])))
(;B[mc]C[Black gives up the fight.]N[not good (b)];W[md];B[lc];W[qg];B[qe];W[rf]C[White 32 ensures capture of the Black stones.];B[pe];W[of]))
(;W[ma]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[lc];B[md];W[kb]LB[ne:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)])
(;B[ld]C[Black 31 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[la]C[And White wins the fight.]))))
(;W[rd]C[White 9 starts a fight.]N[(b)];B[qe];W[rc];B[nb];W[pe];B[qf];W[sb];B[lc];W[og];B[ph]C[White's center stones are hard-pressed, but the overall board position may make this reasonable.]))
(;B[rd]N[(b)]C[Black 8 was once considered joseki, but White gets great shape, so this sequence is now considered favorable to White.];W[oc];B[pe];W[od];B[rb];W[ob];B[rc];W[pa];B[qh])))
(;B[rc]C[Black 7 lacks style, and gives White a better result.]N[not good (b)];W[qb];B[pe];W[od];B[re];W[rb];B[sb];W[ob];B[pg])
(;B[od]C[Black 7 is not a good move.]N[not good (c)];W[pe];B[oc];W[oe];B[rc];W[qb];B[rb]LB[qe:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[rd];W[nc];B[pb];W[ob];B[qa];W[mf])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[qe];W[qf];B[re];W[rf];B[sd];W[nc])))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere again.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[pd]LB[pe:a][qe:b]C[This position is the same as Black 1 contacting a White star-point stone (6); see variation 4-1-1-1-2.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.])))
(;W[od]LB[pf:a][qf:b][oc:c][oe:d][mc:e][ld:f][md:g][kd:h][pd:i][pc:j]N[ikken-takagakari (1-space high attack) (d)]C[The 5-4 approach move has become more popular in modern times, as modern Go emphasizes speed and influence.

Black responds at 'a' to 'j', or plays elsewhere.

j10, i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

outcomes:
a1, b2 - Black right; White top
c3 - Black corner & right; (small, large) Avalanche
d4, e5 - Black choice
f6 - Black choice; Magic Sword of Muramasa
g7, h8 - Black right; White top
i9 - Black corner & right; White top
j10 - Black corner & sente; White top]
(;B[pf]N[keima (knight's move) (a)]LB[qc:a][qh:b][of:c]C[Black 3 is a peaceful response, aiming to maintain balance with White's high approach.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' represents unorthodox strategies.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[re:a][rb:b]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[kc];B[ne]C[Continuation. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mc:a][oe:b]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[ld];W[lc])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[of];W[nf];B[me];W[mc];B[ld];W[lc];B[ng]))
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[kc]LB[qj:a][ic:b][ne:c]C[Black extends to 'a', or, with support in the top-left corner, may play 'b'. If 'b' doesn't work (because of lack of support), Black may press at 'c'.]
(;B[qj]N[(a)])
(;B[ic]AB[dd]LB[ke:a][dp:b]C[Black may play 9 as a check if there is Black support in the top-left corner. White must reply; 'a' is suitable. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]N[(b)]
(;W[ke]N[(a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.];B[mc];W[md];B[lc];W[ld];B[kb];W[kd];B[jc];W[nc]))
(;B[ne]LB[mc:a][oe:b]C[White may submit with 'a'. If the ladder to the bottom left corner favors White, White may resist with 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)]C[White plays 10 when the ladder is unfavorable.];B[ld];W[lc])
(;W[oe]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[of];W[nf]C[White 12 must not be able to be caught in a ladder.];B[me];W[mc]C[White 14 can only be played if White 12 cannot be captured in a ladder.];B[ld]C[Black 16 takes care of the ladder issue for White 12.];W[lc]LB[ng:a]C[White might like to resist with 'a', but White 16 is correct.];B[ng]C[White 12 can be captured because of the Black 15, White 16 exchange.

White has territory in sente, Black has thickness: a fairly even exchange.];W[mf]
;B[lg]))))
(;W[qh]C[White 4 is a tough-minded move. 

Rin Kaiho played White 4 against Yoshio Ishida in the 3rd game of the 1974 Oza title match.]N[unusual (b)];B[ld];W[qe];B[pe];W[pd];B[qc];W[re];B[ne];W[pb];B[qb];W[nb];B[rd]
;W[qg];B[mc]LB[lc:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[lc]N[tesuji]LB[pc:a][oc:b]C[White 18 is the tesuji that lets top White group live.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', letting White live in the corner, is too mild.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[oc];B[pa];W[mb];B[kc];W[lb];B[ob];W[md];B[le]LB[kd:a][oe:b]C[The cut of 'a' is correct. In the actual game, White played 'b'.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[of];W[nf];B[og];W[ng];B[nh];W[lf]LB[pi:a][oi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pi]N[(a)]C[Black can capture the White group on the right side with Black 35.];W[me]C[White must play 36.];B[qi]C[White cannot live on the right.])
(;B[oi]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 35, the play in the game from which this variation is taken, is a mistake.];W[me])))
(;B[oc]C[Black 19 lets White live in the corner.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[nc];W[mb]))
(;W[nd]N[mistake (b)]C[White 18 is a mistake.];B[me];W[lc];B[kc];W[lb];B[md];W[mb];B[kb]LB[oe:a]C[White pushing through at 'a' and then cutting does not work. White loses the fight in the corner, so the situation is hopeless for White.]))
(;W[of]N[(c)];B[og];W[qc];B[rc];W[rd]LB[qe:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to surrender the corner, or 'b' to take the right.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)]C[Black gives away the corner for the sides.];W[rb];B[pc];W[qb];B[pd];W[re];B[rf];W[pb];B[oc])
(;B[pd]C[Black takes the corner and the right side.]N[(b)];W[pc];B[rb];W[nc];B[re];W[nf];B[pg];W[kc])))
(;B[qf]N[ikken hiraki (1-space extension) (b)]C[Black 3 is a restrained, steady move. ];W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][pc:b]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[rb];W[kc])
(;B[pc]N[(b)]C[Black 5 looks like a trick play, and to the extent that White must answer carefully, it is.];W[pd];B[qb]LB[rc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)]LB[rd:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;B[rd]LB[oc:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[pb];W[ob];B[rb];W[kc])
(;W[pb]C[White 10 is a mistake.

White can be confined to small life in the corner.]N[mistake (b)];B[oc];W[rb]LB[ob:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to confine White to the corner, or 'b' to string White out.]
(;B[ob];W[qa];B[mc])
(;B[nc];W[nd];B[mc];W[md];B[lc]LB[sd:a][ke:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[sd]C[White 18 is necessary to make life in the corner.]N[(a)];B[ld])
(;W[ke]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qa];W[ra];B[sc]CR[sb]C[White dies. White cannot block at the mark, so cannot make two eyes.]))))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[oc];B[pb]LB[ob:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', attempting to capture the three Black stones, does not work.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[rb];W[kc])
(;W[rd]C[White 12 is a mistake. White cannot capture the three Black corner stones.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe];W[rb];B[ob];W[nb];B[nc];W[mb];B[nd];W[oe];B[nf]C[Black 21 is the tesuji that kills White.])))
(;W[qe]N[not good (b)]C[White 8 is not recommended. White must have the ladder to play this way.];B[rc];W[rd];B[qc];W[pe];B[re];W[rf];B[sd];W[qg]C[The result must be consider unfavorable to White.

Black has a large corner. Black gets to play a ladder block. The four White stones do not make a good shape.])))
(;B[oc]LB[nc:a][pd:b][dp:c][pc:d]N[tsuke-hiki (attach to draw back) (c)]C[Black 3 is the most orthodox reply to White 2.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 

White 'b' leads to the avalanche pattern, which has complex variations. Black has the initial choice of joseki with this pattern. The outcome is typically Black gets the corner and out on the side, White thickness.

White may also play elsewhere ('c'). 

White 'd' is sometimes played in amateur games.]
(;W[nc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pc:a][ob:b]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]LB[md:a][nd:b][nf:c][dp:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c', or plays elsewhere ('d').]N[(a)]
(;W[md]LB[qf:a][dp:b][ne:c][jd:d][pe:e]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a', plays elsewhere ('b') (at the risk of fighting), peeps at 'c', or blocks White's extension with 'd', starting a fight.

Black 'e' is not recommended.]
(;B[qf]N[extend (a)];W[ic])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qe]LB[pd:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pe];B[oe];W[nd];B[re];W[rf];B[rd]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pg:a][qg:b]
(;W[pg]N[(a)]LB[nf:a]C[If Black plays elsewhere, White is well advised to capture Black 10 with 'a'.])
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[of];W[pg]LB[ng:a]C[If Black plays elsewhere, White can capture the two Black stones with 'a'.]))
(;B[re]C[Black 8, crawling along the second line, is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pd];B[rc];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg]))
(;B[ne]LB[nd:a][oe:b][me:c]N[peep (c)]C[White can respond with 'a' to 'c', but White 'c' is not recommended unless the top is important.
]
(;W[nd]N[(a)]
(;B[pe];W[ic]LB[qj:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Black should not play elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[qj])
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (b)]LB[qj:a][oe:b]C[Black plays elsewhere. White plays an extension block at 'a', or the pushing probe of 'b'.]
(;W[qj]C[A Black extension to the marked location is a bit small. Black plays elsewhere again.]CR[qh]N[(a)];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[qf];B[pf];W[qg];B[qe])
(;W[oe]N[(b)]LB[of:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with the fighting move of 'a',  or peaceably with 'b'.]
(;B[of]C[Black 12 is a fighting answer. Black loses the corner.]N[fight (a)];W[pf];B[pg];W[qf];B[qg];W[rf];B[rg];W[pd];B[qe];W[qc]LB[re:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' and gets sente. Black 'b' gains about 13 points, but loses sente. Black 'a' is recommended during fuseki.]

(;B[re]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[rc]C[Black 22 gains Black about 13 points over immediately capturing the three White stones, but Black ends in gote in this variation, so this variation is not recommended.]N[(b)];W[qb];B[re];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[rb]C[Black's priviledge.];W[ob];B[qa];W[pb]))
(;B[pf]C[Black 12 is peaceful.]N[peaceful (b)];W[ng]))))
(;B[oe]N[heavy (b)]LB[me:a][pd:b]C[Black 9 is insensibly heavy. White emphasizes the top with 'a', or forces with 'b'.]
(;W[me]N[top (a)];B[pd];W[mg])
(;W[pd]N[forceful (b)];B[pe];W[qe];B[qc];W[qf];B[nb];W[mb];B[oa];W[ph])))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[nb]LB[nf:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[mb];W[qe];B[re];W[qg])
(;W[mb]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[nd];W[mc];B[of]))
(;W[me]C[White 8 is a special strategy, playable only if White benefits from influence to the top side, as locally White suffers a signifcant loss.]N[White top (c)];B[nb];W[mb];B[nd];W[mc];B[nf]LB[mg:a][hc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mg]N[(a)];B[ng];W[nh];B[mf];W[lf];B[oh];W[mh];B[oi])
(;W[hc]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mf])))
(;B[jd]N[(d)]C[Black provokes a fight.];W[qe];B[pd]C[See variation 2-4-3-1-1-1-2 for other (suboptimal) Black replies to White 8.];W[pe];B[oe];W[nd]LB[of:a][re:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' has been played professionally.]
(;B[of]LB[re:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[rd];W[qh];B[mf];W[qb];B[rb];W[ra];B[sb];W[ke];B[je]LB[kd:a][lf:b]C[White continues with 'a' to take territory at top, 'b' to get out to the center.]

(;W[kd]C[White 24 goes for territory.]N[top (a)];B[kf];W[jc];B[ic];W[ib];B[hc];W[hb];B[gc];W[gb];B[fc];W[pj])
(;W[lf]C[White 24 leaves White an opening to the center.]N[center (b)];B[lg];W[kf]))
(;W[rd]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc];W[re];B[qb];W[qh];B[mf]LB[nb:a]C[White 'a' is no longer sente. The White group at top is in trouble.]))
(;B[re]AB[dc][de]C[Black 13 was played by Fujisawa Shuko against Sakata Eio in game 4 of the 1963 Meijin Title.]N[(b)]AW[qq][cp];W[rf];B[rd];W[pg];B[of];W[mf];B[og];W[ph];B[oh]
;W[pi];B[mh];W[kf];B[kh];W[if];B[hd];W[pl]))
(;B[pe]N[not good (e)]C[If Black wants to play 7, Black should first peep. This variation presents no advantage to Black.];W[ic];B[ne];W[me];B[nb];W[mb];B[nd];W[mc];B[nf]C[Looking at shape, Black 7 would be better placed at the marked location.]TR[mf]))
(;W[nd]LB[qf:a][pe:b][kd:c]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[jc]LB[jd:a]C[White 8 at 'a' is also good.])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[jc]LB[jd:a]C[White 8 at 'a' is also good.];B[qj])
(;B[kd]C[Black 7 is a strange move, so close to White's solid connnection.]N[not good (c)];W[qe];B[re];W[pd];B[rc];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg]))
(;W[nf]LB[ng:a]AB[jd]C[White 6 or 'a' is a special move influenced by the situation at the top. If Black has a stone close to the side handicap stone (as shown), White 6 may be a good, light move.]N[(c)];B[nb]AB[jd]LB[mc:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[mb];W[lc]C[This sequence favors White.])
(;W[qf]C[White switches to the right side.]N[(b)];B[mc];W[pj]))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (d)]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black continues locally at 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][jd:b]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mc]LB[ne:a][md:b]C[White must have the ladder to capture Black 6 to play this way, or make a submissive move later.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[jc])
(;B[md]N[(b)]LB[ld:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a' with a favorable ladder, or 'b' if not.]
(;W[ld]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[(a)];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[kd]LB[mb:a][ne:b][jc:c]C[Black may try 'a', but it doesn't work.

'b' and 'c' must be miai for White, or White is in a world of hurt.]N[juncture point];B[mb];W[nb];B[oe]
;W[ic]C[White 17 keeps Black in check.];B[kb];W[ma];B[ib];W[jd]LB[jb:a][hb:b]C[White 21 is the tesuji.

Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;B[jb];W[hb])
(;B[hb];W[jb]))
(;W[lc]C[White must play 9 here if White cannot capture the two Black stones at top in a ladder.]N[(b)];B[oe];W[ic];B[ld];W[kd];B[ke];W[jd])))
(;B[jd]N[(b)];W[nf])))
(;B[ob]LB[nd:a][oe:b][ne:c][pd:d]N[(b)]C[Black 5 was one of Kitani Minoru's favorite moves. White can answer at 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' is not recommended.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[pd];W[jd])
(;W[oe]LB[pd:a][pf:b]C[White 6 was an invention of Go Seigen. Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[nb];B[pf];W[ic])
(;B[pf]C[Black 7 may have been an innovation by Fujisawa Shuko in 1965.]N[(b)]))
(;W[ne]C[White 6 was invented by Takagawa Kaku.]N[(c)];B[pd];W[pe];B[qe];W[pf];B[qf];W[pg])
(;W[pd]C[White 6 looks like good shape, but gives White heavy shape in this instance.];B[qc];W[pf]LB[nd:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with the cut of 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[nd]N[kiri (cut) (a)];W[nf];B[md];W[qe]C[In spite of White 12, the result favors Black.])
(;B[qe]C[Black 9 is not recommended, as it is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[nf];B[qg]))))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qe]LB[re:a][qc:b][nd:c][nc:d][rd:e]C[So the avalanche pattern starts. 

Black can respond 'a' to 'd'. Black 'a' is peaceful; 'b' steady; 'c' the small avalanche; and Black 'd', White 'c' gives the large avalanche.

Black must have the ladder to play 'c'.

Black 'e' is sometimes seen in amatuer games.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;B[re]LB[rd:a][qf:b]C[Joseki continues with White 'a'. White 'b' is also possible.]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qc];W[rf]LB[nd:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[pf]LB[of:a][dp:b][ne:c]C[Black continues with 'a', plays elsewhere ('b'). Black 'c' is not compelling.]
(;B[of]N[(a)]LB[og:a][pg:b][ne:c]C[Continuation. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is submissive. White 'c' is unreasonable.]
(;W[og]N[(a)]LB[ng:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[ng]N[(a)]LB[oh:a][nh:b]C[White plays safe with 'a', or strongly with 'b'.]
(;W[oh]LB[ne:a][nh:b]C[Black continue with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]N[(a)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nh])
(;B[nh];W[ni]LB[ne:a][mi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[mi])
(;B[mi]C[Black is ready to be cut up.]N[mistake (b)];W[mj])))
(;W[nh]N[strong (b)]C[White 16 is a strong way of playing.];B[pe]C[This continuation is from Sugiuchi versus Maeda, 1955.];W[oe];B[nf];W[ne];B[me];W[pe];B[pg];W[se];B[oh];W[md];B[nc]
;W[mf];B[le];W[mg];B[og];W[qg];B[mh];W[kf];B[ni];W[kd];B[ld];W[lc];B[mc];W[ke]
;B[kc];W[lb];B[jc];W[ki]))
(;B[ne]N[not good (b)];W[ng];B[pe]C[Black should not be so concerned about two stones.];W[qf]C[White has good shape.]))
(;W[pg]C[White 14 is submissive.]N[not good (b)];B[ne];W[pe];B[rc])
(;W[ne]N[mistake (c)]LB[me:a][md:b]C[White 14 is unreasonable. Black 13 is the vital point precisely  because White 14 is impossible.

Black continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[nf];B[oe];W[pe];B[og]C[White faces a difficult fight.])
(;B[md]C[Black 15 makes White's impossible move possible.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe])))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (b)]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[rc]LB[mc:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)])
(;B[of]N[(b)]LB[og:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' to emphasize the right, or 'b' to take corner profit at the expense of thickness.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[ng];W[oh];B[ne];W[pe]LB[nc:a]C[White must connect with 20 because he is aiming at the cutting point of 'a'.];B[lc])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[mc];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob];B[pe];W[oe];B[ne];W[pe];B[pg];W[se];B[nf]C[White's corner profit exceeds Black's thickness.]
)))
(;B[ne]N[(c)]LB[of:a][dp:b]C[White continues locally with 'a', or plays elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[rc]LB[se:a]C[Black 15 is not urgent.

Early in the game, White is better advised to play elsewhere than take at 'a'.])
(;W[]C[White plays elswhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[pe]LB[se:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[se]N[(a)];B[of];W[pg])
(;W[oe]C[White 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[pe];B[pg];W[se];B[qg]))))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[qf];B[nd];W[oe]LB[jc:a][pf:b][nf:c][ne:d]C[Black 11 retains potential, but it should not be played immediately.

Black continues with 'a'. 
Black 'b' immediatley is premature, but may make sense later.
Black 'c' is a tesuji.  
Black 'd' is meaningless.]
(;B[jc]C[Black 15 is a good extension that retains Black 15's potential]N[(a)];W[of])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[pg];B[of];W[ne];B[og];W[md];B[nc];W[me];B[ph];W[qg];B[nh];W[mc];B[rc]
;W[qh];B[pi];W[qi];B[pj];W[se])
(;B[nf]N[(c)];W[of];B[og];W[ng];B[ne];W[pf];B[oh])
(;B[ne]C[Black 15 is a mistake. Black is just helping White improve his shape.]N[mistake (d)];W[of];B[nf])))
(;W[qf]C[White 8 was played by Go Seigen against Karigane Junichi on February 25, 1942.]N[(b)];B[nd];W[qc];B[rd];W[qb];B[pb];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[ne];W[of];B[rb]
;W[pa];B[ob];W[mb];B[rc];W[nf];B[ld];W[lf];B[le];W[jc]))
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[nd]LB[mc:a][re:b]C[White 8 is the only move.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[pf])
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg];B[mc]LB[le:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White playing elsewhere ('b') is not recommended.]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[lc]CR[nc]C[Black 15 is necessary to allow for a push at the red dot.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, not recommended.]N[White tenuki: not good (b)];B[md];W[me];B[le];W[lf];B[ke])))
(;B[nd]C[The small avalanche. Black must have the ladder.]N[ko-nadare (small avalanche) (c)];W[qc];B[rd];W[qb];B[re]LB[pf:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' to resolve the situation, or 'b' to provoke a tough fight. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[pf]LB[qf:a][of:b][ne:c][pb:d]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.

Black takes the top with 'a', White the right. 

Black takes the corner and center, with White on the right and top sides with 'b'.

Black takes a large corner with 'c', with White taking the right, and a fight at top.

Black 'd' is a transposition of a variation of 'c': same result from a different order of moves.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[nc];B[pe];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[pg]LB[md:a][dp:b]C[White continues by capturing Black 7. Playing elsewhere is not recommended.]
(;W[md]N[(a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki: not good (b)]CR[md]C[Omitting the capture at the marked location by playing elsewhere is not recommended.];B[md];W[me];B[mc];W[nb];B[le];W[mf];B[lf];W[mg];B[mb];W[ob]))
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[pg];B[ne];W[pe];B[pb]LB[nc:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nb];W[mc];B[rb]LB[mb:a][pa:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[oa];W[jc]LB[oi:a][dp:b]C[Black may continue locally at 'a', or play elsewhere (b).]
(;B[oi]N[(a)]LB[oh:a][og:b][qi:c]C[Possible continuation.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. Likewise, White 'c' is too submissive.]
(;W[oh]N[(a)];B[nh];W[pi];B[ni];W[pk])
(;W[og]N[mistake (b)];B[ng];W[nh];B[oh];W[mg];B[nf];W[mf];B[me];W[le]C[White 34 is unreasonable.];B[mh];W[ni];B[lf]
;W[lg];B[lh];W[kg];B[nj]C[Black has the ladder, so this is a loss for White.])
(;W[qi]N[mistake (c)]AB[dc][ce]AW[oq][cp]C[White 26 is a mistake.

White 26 was played by Rin Kaiho against Takagawa Shukaku in the 1968 Meijin Title, game 5.

Rin's later comment on this move: " I just don't know joseki....".];B[nh];W[qk];B[hc];W[je];B[rf];W[mf];B[og];W[ph]
;B[ld];W[ee];B[he];W[kf];B[le];W[ic];B[hd];W[ki];B[mi];W[qp];B[eg];W[ec];B[dd]
;W[fb];B[gb];W[ib];B[ed];W[nl];B[kj];W[ji];B[lj];W[eq];B[jj];W[if];B[nn];W[ll]
;B[ln];W[jl];B[jn];W[ij];B[ik];W[jk];B[ol];W[ok];B[nk];W[nj];B[pk];W[mk];B[pj]
;W[ql];B[pl];W[hk];B[qm];W[rh];B[qo];W[pp];B[po];W[il];B[mq];W[oh];B[ni];W[ng]
;B[mg];W[nf];B[lf];W[oe];B[lg];W[ck];B[iq];W[ch];B[gq];W[fq];B[go];W[gr];B[hr]
;W[gp];B[hp];W[hq];B[nr];W[or];B[gq];W[fd];B[fe];W[hq];B[bp];W[co];B[gq];W[db]
;B[gd];W[hq];B[rp];W[rq];B[gq];W[oo];B[on];W[hq];B[bo];W[bq];B[gq];W[bc];B[fc]
;W[hq];B[ii];W[hi];B[gq];W[eb];B[fp];W[cm];B[cb];W[cc];B[bb];W[ba];B[ca];W[ab]
;B[aa];W[ac];B[fa];W[ba];B[dn];W[cn];B[aa];W[gg];B[ea];W[bf];B[be];W[bg];B[af]
;W[eh];B[gl];W[fk];B[rn];W[sp];B[so];W[ro];B[km];W[lk];B[rp];W[sq];B[kg];W[jg]
;B[lc];W[kb];B[rl];W[rk];B[sk];W[rg];B[dg];W[dh];B[fr];W[er];B[gs];W[fn];B[cr]
;W[dr];B[es];W[ds];B[cq];W[br];B[dp];W[ep];B[eo];W[fs];B[qr];W[ro];B[es];W[cs]
;B[rp];W[qq];B[em];W[hm];B[gm];W[do];B[gn];W[el];B[fg];W[fh];B[hg];W[hf];B[gf]
;W[gh];B[nq];W[ro];B[sn];W[en];B[gk];W[gj];B[fl];W[dl];B[fo];W[dm];B[no];W[op]
;B[sj];W[rj];B[lb];W[la];B[na];W[si];B[sl];W[ma];B[fm];W[fs];B[gr];W[mm];B[pr]
;W[os];B[rr];W[rs];B[sr];W[ps];B[sf];W[hn];B[ho];W[in];B[io];W[mn];B[mo];W[nm]
;B[ns];W[qs];B[np];W[ss];B[ke];W[jf];B[kh];W[jh];B[li];W[ag];B[ae];W[om];B[pm]
;W[ha];B[dn];W[en];B[cg];W[ba];B[da];W[cf];B[df];W[bh];B[hb];W[ia];B[qf];W[qg]
;B[rp];W[pq];B[sg];W[es];B[ro]C[Black (Takagawa) wins by 1 point.]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[rf]LB[se:a]C[White 'a' is now sente.]))
(;W[pa]N[(b)]C[White 22 is not recommended.];B[ob];W[mb];B[rc];W[jc]CR[rf]C[The value of a White play at the marked location is greatly diminished by White 22.

White is better off without playing 22 (variation 1).]))
(;W[rc]N[mistake (b)]C[White 18 is a mistake, most notably played by Fjuisawa Hosai against Go Seigen in 1951 in game 2 of the Special Four-Game Match.

While White 18 may be a mistake, the moves to take advantage of it are non-obvious.];B[rf];W[nc]LB[pa:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', the vital point.
Black 'b' is a mistake.

]
(;B[pa]C[A tesuji.]N[(a)];W[oa]C[A tesuji.];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[ra]C[Black captures the corner.];W[pi];B[le]
)
(;B[nb]N[mistake (b)];W[mc];B[mb];W[pa];B[ob];W[rg];B[sb];W[sc];B[sd];W[ra]C[A ko is unavoidable.])))
(;B[ne]N[(c)];W[of];B[pb];W[nc]LB[pa:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pa]N[(a)];W[oa];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[nf];W[rf];B[rb];W[ng];B[lf]
;W[oh])
(;B[nb]N[(b)]C[Black 17 dispenses with good style, but the result is okay.];W[mc];B[rb];W[mb];B[oa]LB[nf:a][le:b]CR[rf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Unlike the other variation (2-4-3-2-3-1-3-1), a White play at the marked spot is not sente.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[ld];W[kc];B[lf])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[mf])))
(;B[pb]N[(d)]C[Black 13 is the same as 2-4-3-2-3-1-3 with a different order of moves.];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[ne];W[of];B[rb]))
(;W[qf]LB[ne:a][rf:b]N[(b)]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a' if the ladder favors White, or 'b' if Black has the ladder.]
(;B[ne]C[Black plays 13 here if White has the ladder]N[White ladder (a)];W[of];B[pb];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[rb];W[mb];B[oa]LB[nf:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)])
(;W[jc]N[(b)]))
(;B[rf]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[nc]LB[oe:a][qg:b]C[Black plays 'a' if the ladder favors. If not, Black plays 'b' (which is not joseki).]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pe];B[qg])
(;B[qg]LB[ob:a][oe:b]C[White plays 'a' and takes swaps two stones with Black.  White can save his two stones with 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pb];B[pf]C[Black 7 is now meaningless.])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[mc];W[nb];B[md];W[nf]C[White must play 20 to avoid being squeezed.];B[jd])))))
(;B[nc]LB[nd:a][rd:b]C[The large avalanche if White 'a'. White 'b' to avoid the avalanche.]N[(d)]
(;W[nd]LB[md:a][mc:b][re:c]N[(a)]C[Black starts the large avalanche with Black 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' avoid the avalanche joseki.]
(;B[md]C[The large avalanche joseki.]N[oo-nadare (large avalanche) (a)];W[qc];B[rd];W[qb]LB[rb:a][re:b][rc:c]C[Black can continue at 'a' to 'c'. These moves appeared in succession after the joseki was invented in the early Showa period (1926-1984).]
(;B[rb]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an early alternative to the joseki that developed, and not recommended.]LB[mc:a][rc:b]
(;W[mc]N[(a)]LB[pb:a][mb:b][lc:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended. Black 'c' is something of a trick play that should not work if White plays carefully.]
(;B[pb];W[lc]LB[me:a][ld:b][of:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', or, with a favorable ladder (in capturing Black 9) 'c'.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[of]LB[kd:a][jd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;B[kd]N[(a)])
(;B[jd]C[Black must have the ladder to play 19.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[ke];B[kd];W[ld];B[le]LB[lg:a][je:b]C[Now the issue of whether Black can capture White 20 in a ladder.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature.]
(;W[lg]C[White plays 24 if Black cannot capture White 20 in a ladder.]N[White ladder (a)];B[kf];W[je];B[lf];W[id];B[kb];W[nb];B[rc];W[jb]CR[ie]C[White 32 is a tesuji to get Black to cut at the marked location.];B[kc];W[lb]
;B[la];W[mb];B[ie];W[jf];B[ic];W[hd];B[ib];W[kg];B[mg]C[If Black 43....];W[mf]C[... White throws in and sets up a ladder.];B[nf];W[ne]
;B[mf];W[mh])
(;W[je]N[mistake (b)]LB[kb:a][id:b]C[White 24 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is slack.]
(;B[kb]N[(a)];W[nb];B[rc];W[id];B[mb]C[The throw-in of Black 29 puts White one move behind.];W[lb];B[la];W[ma];B[ka]C[White loses.])
(;B[id]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nb];B[rc];W[lg];B[mg];W[mf];B[lf];W[kf];B[nf];W[ne];B[mf];W[mh]
))))
(;B[ld]N[(b)]LB[kc:a][kd:b]C[Black 17 is tough-minded.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[kd]LB[jd:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is slack.]
(;W[jd]LB[je:a][jc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[je]N[(a)];W[id];B[of];W[ne];B[mf];W[nf];B[ng];W[og];B[nh];W[re];B[rc];W[pg])
(;B[jc]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ic];B[jb];W[nb]C[White 24 is the reason the cut of Black 21 is unreasonable.];B[qa];W[ib]))
(;W[jc]C[White 20 is slack.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[ne];B[jd];W[id];B[ie];W[hd];B[nf];W[me];B[lf]C[White is short of liberties and cannot break through the Black net.]))
(;W[kd]C[White 18 is rash.]N[mistake (b)];B[mf]LB[kc:a][of:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. White is in trouble.]))
(;B[of]C[Black can play 17 only if the ladder to capture Black 9 is not favorable for White.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[ne];B[pe];W[nf];B[qf];W[nh]))
(;B[mb]N[(b)];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[me];W[of]LB[rc:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rc]C[Black must play 21; the alternatives are not favorable.]N[(a)];W[ke];B[mg];W[oh])
(;B[re]C[Black 21 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg];B[ke];W[id];B[lh];W[pa]C[White 28 is a great tesuji, often appearing in old avalanche sequences.];B[nb];W[rc]C[White sets up a 'flower-viewing' ko: Black has everything to lose.];B[sc]
;W[sb]))
(;B[lc]N[(c)]C[Black 15 is a trick play, though not obviously so. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' falls into the trap.]LB[rc:a][mb:b]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[re];W[mb];B[pb];W[sb];B[nb];W[lb];B[ra];W[qa]LB[oa:a][qf:b]C[Black loses the capturing race. Black best continue with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[oa]N[(a)];W[qf];B[kc];W[rf];B[kb];W[me];B[ld]C[White has a favorable result.])
(;B[qf]C[Black 25 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[me];B[ld];W[oa];B[kb];W[na]))
(;W[mb]C[White 16 falls for the trick.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb]LB[kc:a][lb:b]C[White loses. White continues with 'a'.

White 'b', Black 'a', is ridiculous for White.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[me];W[lb];B[of];W[pf];B[ne];W[pe];B[pg];W[re];B[rc];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh]
;B[qi];W[ri];B[rj]LB[sh:a][pi:b]C[White concedes with 'a', or struggles to cause trouble with 'a'.]
(;W[sh]N[(a)];B[pi])
(;W[pi]N[(b)];B[qj];W[oi];B[nh];W[sh]C[Black now has the two White center stones as a fresh target.]))
(;W[lb]N[mistake (b)]C[If you are considering this variation, now is a good time to take up chess.];B[kc]))))
(;W[rc]N[(b)]C[White 14 is not recommended.];B[re]LB[ra:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ra]N[(a)]LB[qf:a][sb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)]LB[of:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a reckless mistake.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[lc];W[pb];B[ph]C[Black has nice shape on both sides, with White on the run in the center. Nice for Black.])
(;W[mc]C[White 18 is a reckless mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[me];W[pb];B[mb];W[lc];B[nb];W[of];B[oe]))
(;B[sb]N[(b)]C[Black 17, trying to prevent White from getting two eyes in the corner, is not recommended.];W[pb]))
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[sc];W[mc];B[lc];W[mb];B[pb])))
(;B[re]LB[mc:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[me]LB[pf:a][pb:b][qf:c][of:d]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', 'c', and 'd' are less favorable.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[pe]LB[pg:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;B[pg]N[(a)]LB[pb:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[lc]LB[mb:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mb]LB[qg:a][of:b]C[Black continues with the quiet 'a', leaving 'b' in reserve (though 'b' is playable).]N[(a)]
(;B[qg]C[The definitive pattern developed in the mid-1950s.]N[(a)])
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[nb];B[qg]))
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[rf];W[mb];B[qh]))
(;W[nf]C[White 20 was played by Kuko Norio against Kobayashi Koichi in the 24th Tengen Title match, 1998-11-05.]N[(b)];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb]LB[kc:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'; White 'b' is less preferable.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[kb]LB[qg:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qg]C[The 1998 game between Kuko Norio and Kobayashi Koichi continues.]N[(a)];B[rf];W[rg];B[qi];W[ph];B[og];W[ri];B[oh];W[mf];B[pi];W[sg];B[jc]
;W[rj];B[ke];W[mh];B[mi];W[lh];B[oj];W[pb];B[ob];W[oa];B[nb];W[qh];B[mj])
(;W[jc]N[(b)];B[mf];W[ng];B[qg]LB[jb:a][id:b]C[Owing to the White corner stones, White 'a' and 'b' are sente.];W[pb];B[ob];W[oa];B[nb];W[ni];B[kf]
;W[id]LB[rb:a][if:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' lets White cause trouble in the corner.]
(;B[rb]C[Black 8 in the corner is necessary.]N[(a)];W[if];B[mh];W[nh];B[jh]C[Black's center stones should be okay.])
(;B[if]C[Black 37 is a mistake. Black needed to tend to the corner first.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[pa];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[jb];W[ib];B[na];W[ja];B[ka];W[ia]
;B[rf]C[Black has to add 49.];W[qa]C[White 50 starts a ko which White takes first. A terrible result for Black.])))
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[rf];W[rg];B[ph];W[qi];B[pi];W[qj];B[mg]C[Black 31 is a bold tesuji.];W[ng];B[ne];W[of];B[mh]
;W[nh];B[ni];W[mf];B[lf];W[lg];B[kf];W[mi];B[lh];W[oi];B[nj];W[oj];B[nk];W[pj]
;B[kc];W[rc]C[White has 30 points of territory. Black has magnificant thickness. The result is considered far superior for Black.])))
(;B[mb]C[Black 19 was played by Iwamoto Kaoru against Kitani Minoru in November 1947 in game 3 of the 4th Honinbo title.]N[(b)];W[lc];B[lb];W[qg];B[rf];W[ph]LB[rb:a][pb:b][og:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)]C[Continuation of the 1947 Kitani-Iwamoto game.];W[kc];B[og];W[pg];B[pb];W[lf];B[mf];W[mg];B[kd];W[ic];B[jc];W[jb]
;B[jd];W[kb];B[kf];W[kg];B[jf];W[gc];B[jg];W[kh];B[ge];W[db])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[kc];B[og];W[pg]LB[rb:a][ke:b]C[Black must play 'a', though he would like to play 'b'.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[ke];B[mg]C[This sequence was regarded as a perfected joseki, and quite popular around 1950. Two Black corner moves, 25 and 29, were necessary; this was the drawback of this pattern.])
(;B[ke]C[Black 29 is premature.]N[mistake (b)];W[pa];B[oa];W[nb];B[qa];W[ra];B[na];W[pa];B[ob];W[rc];B[sb];W[sc]
;B[sd];W[rg]C[White 42 is big.];B[qa]C[Black gets first capture, but this large ko favors White, who has little to lose.]))
(;B[og]N[(c)];W[pg];B[rc]C[Black 27 has the supposed advantage of only one Black play to take the corner (not two, as in other variations). But White has counter moves.];W[kc];B[ke]LB[nb:a][pb:b]C[White 'a', creating a ko, is better than 'b', which gives White forcing moves.]
(;W[nb]N[ko (a)];B[ob];W[rb];B[rg];W[rh];B[qi];W[qh]LB[sb:a][sc:b]C[Black 'a' results in a ko. Black 'b' lets Black capture unconditionally, but the result does not favor Black.]
(;B[sb]N[ko (a)];W[sc];B[sd];W[sa];B[ra];W[qa];B[pa])
(;B[sc]N[(b)]C[Black 37 lets Black capture the White corner stones unconditionally. Black pays for it by being sealed in, and having to later take the White corner stones off the board.];W[kb]LB[na:a][dp:b]C[Black must take at 'a'. Black cannot afford to play elsewhere.]
(;B[na]N[(a)];W[id])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[mistake: Black tenuki (b)];W[oa];B[na];W[pa])))
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[oa];W[ob];B[nb];W[rb];B[na];W[sb];B[pa]LB[kb:a][rg:b]C[White 'a' or 'b' are sente.]
(;W[kb]N[(a)];B[qa])
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[qa])))))
(;W[pb]C[White 16 gives Black a slightly favorable result.]N[not good (b)];B[lc];W[mb];B[pe]LB[nb:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[qf])
(;W[oe]C[White 20 is a mistake. White gets caught in a ladder.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[pf];B[ne];W[pe];B[pg]))
(;W[qf]C[White 16 is not favorable.]N[not good (c)];B[pe]C[Black 17 seems vulgar but it works.];W[oe];B[pf];W[of];B[pg]LB[lc:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[og];W[nf];B[mg];W[nb];B[ng];W[ob]C[Black has great thickness; White, about 12 points.])
(;W[og]C[White 22 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[pb]LB[ph:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[ni];B[ke]C[Besides the large corner profit, Black is able to fight in the center with good prospects.])
(;W[qg]C[White 28 is self-destructive.]N[mistake (b)];B[ph];W[qh];B[qi];W[ri];B[oh]LB[mg:a][mf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mg]N[(a)];B[qj];W[rf];B[rb];W[rj];B[nh]LB[ng:a][rk:b]C[Now 'a' and 'b' are miai. White loses either way.])
(;W[mf]N[(b)];B[qj];W[rf];B[rb];W[rj];B[nh];W[qk];B[nf];W[ng];B[mg]C[Snapback.]))))
(;W[of]N[(d)];B[qf]LB[mf:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[mb]C[Black sacrifices the two stones in sente.];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc]LB[pb:a][kb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or the more aggressive 'b'.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[le])
(;B[kb]N[(b)]LB[le:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is risky.]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[jc])
(;W[jc]N[(b)];B[ne]C[Black sets his stones in motion.];W[oe];B[nf];W[ng];B[mg];W[og];B[lf]C[The ponnuki gives Black a reasonable result.];W[pb];B[oa]C[Black 33 is the tesuji that puts Black one move ahead.];W[ob]
;B[nb];W[jb];B[na])))
(;W[nf]N[not good (b)]C[White 18 is not recommended.];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[pb];W[lf]C[White's shape is thin.])))
(;W[qf]N[mistake (b)];B[rb]LB[mc:a][pb:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[lc];W[mb];B[pb];W[kc];B[me]LB[lb:a][of:b]C[White is in trouble. 'a' and 'b' are miai for Black. If, however, the ladder is favorable for White, there is a way out.];W[of]CR[ld]LB[lb:a][kd:b]C[White plays this way if the ladder is favorable at the red dot.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;B[lb]N[(a)];W[nb];B[rc];W[ld];B[kb];W[jb]LB[kd:a][jc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[kd]N[(a)];W[le]LB[mf:a][ke:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[jc]LB[ke:a][kf:b]C[Black captures the White stones in a ladder if possible with 'a'.  

If White has the ladder, squeezing with 'b' is good enough for Black.])
(;B[ke]C[Black plays 31 with an unfavorable ladder, sacrificing two Black stones.]N[(b)];W[lf];B[jc];W[mf]))
(;B[jc]C[Black 29 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[kd];B[ib];W[jd];B[ic];W[mf];B[le];W[kf]C[White squeezes with 34 and 36.]))
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[lb];B[jd]C[Black 25 is adequate.]))
(;W[pb]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[lc])))
(;B[rc]N[(c)]LB[mc:a][rb:b]C[Black 13 was invented by Go Seigen, played first on February 2, 1957 against Takagawa. The move was considered revolutionary. This innovative move has transformed the large avalanche joseki.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[lc]LB[rb:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rb]LB[re:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[mb];B[nb];W[lb];B[pb];W[kc]LB[me:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is heavy and reduces Black's liberties.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[of];B[qf];W[nf]LB[ke:a][mf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ke]LB[hc:a][oa:b][pa:c][sc:d]C[White continues with 'a'. Contesting the corner with 'b' is futile. White 'c' attempts to win by ko. White 'd' is another attempt at mischief.]N[(a)]
(;W[hc]N[(a)]LB[lg:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' has been played professionally.]
(;B[lg]N[(a)]LB[oi:a][ni:b][pi:c]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' is a mistake.

White 'c' is a strong move with potential for trouble (for both players); White does not necessarily come out well.]
(;W[oi]N[(a)];B[qi])
(;W[ni]N[mistake (b)]LB[ph:a][dp:b]C[White 30 reveals White's thinness.

Black takes advantage at 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') misses an opportunity.]
(;B[ph]LB[oh:a][mg:b]C[Now Black must play 'a' or 'b', strenghtening Black just to stay connected.]N[(a)]
(;W[oh]N[(a)];B[pi])
(;W[mg]N[(b)];B[lh]))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[pi]C[White 31 fixes White's shape.]))
(;W[pi]CR[rg]N[(c)]LB[oh:a][nh:b]C[White aims for the marked location, but Black can fight back. Both players must proceed with care.

Black 'a' preceeded the development of 'b'. Black 'b' is more common now.]
(;B[oh]LB[qg:a][sc:b][ph:c]C[Black attacks to sever the link.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable. White 'c' has been played professionally.]N[(a)]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[pg]LB[sc:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[sc]N[(a)];B[qa];W[pf];B[pe];W[rf];B[qe];W[rg];B[ra];W[ni]LB[oi:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[oi]N[(a)];W[oj];B[nh];W[ph];B[nj];W[og];B[ok];W[pj];B[mi];W[nk])
(;B[ph]C[Black 43 is not recommended, as it gives White favorable thickness.]N[not good (b)];W[nh];B[qh];W[qi];B[rh];W[ri]))
(;W[pf]C[White 34 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pe];W[sc];B[og]C[Black can capture the six White stones.]))
(;W[sc]N[not good (b)];B[qa];W[ph]LB[rg:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[pg]C[White 36 is necessary. The exchange of White 32, Black 33 favors Black.])
(;B[pg]N[mistake (b)];W[og];B[nh];W[qg];B[pf];W[rf];B[pe];W[oe];B[qe];W[se]))
(;W[ph]LB[og:a][pg:b]N[(c)]C[White 32 is in hopes of Black 'b'. Black 'a' is fierce.]
(;B[og]C[Black 33 a strong move.]N[(a)];W[oa];B[pa];W[na];B[ra];W[pg];B[pf];W[ma];B[sb];W[mf];B[lf];W[ld]
;B[le];W[ni];B[ne]LB[nh:a][oi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nh]N[(a)];B[oe]C[White next plays elsewhere.])
(;W[oi]N[mistake (b)];B[mg];W[ng];B[oe];W[nh]))
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[sc]C[Now White has advantage in taking the five Black stones at top.])))
(;B[nh]N[(b)]C[Black 31 builds thickness while lightly attacking the weak connection of White's large knight's move.];W[oh];B[ni];W[rg]LB[cq:a][qg:b][ok:c]C[Black can ignore White 24 ('a'). 

Black 'b' is one possible local continuation.

Black 'c' has been played professionally, though the author of the move was not happy with the outcome.]
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[sc]C[Illstrated continuation; White is unsuccessful (demonstrating Black's tenuki is viable).];B[qa];W[rf];B[pe];W[se];B[sb];W[sa];B[sf];W[sg];B[pa];W[sd]
;B[qe];W[sb];B[ra];W[sf];B[qg];W[rh];B[qh];W[ri];B[qi];W[qj];B[rj];W[rk];B[pj]
;W[qk];B[oi]C[White loses.])
(;B[qg]N[(b)])
(;B[ok]N[(c)]C[Black 35 comes from game 1 of the 1973 Honinbo Title between Yoshio Ishida (Black in this figure) and Rin Kaiho. In retrospect, Ishida did not consider the outcome to his advantage.];W[pk]LB[qg:a][ol:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[ol];B[qh];W[ng];B[nk];W[pl]C[White gains an advantage with 42.])
(;B[ol]C[Black cannot play 37 here; the position in the corner does not allow it.]N[mistake (b)];W[sc];B[qa];W[rf];B[pe];W[se];B[sb];W[sa];B[sf];W[sg];B[pa];W[sd]
;B[qe];W[sf];B[qg];W[rh];B[qh];W[ri];B[qi];W[qj]C[White 36 is in perfect position to trap Black.])))))
(;B[ph]AB[dd]AW[dp][pp]N[(b)]LB[nh:a][qg:b]C[This variation is from game 6 of the 1971 Honinbo Title between Rin Kaiho and Yoshio Ishida. The colors in this sequence are reverse of the actual game. As shown, Ishida is White, Rin is Black.

Black 29 is a bit thin, but later reinforcment solves that. Variation 'b' shows White trying to exploit the thinness of Black 29.]
(;W[nh]N[(a)];B[fc];W[he];B[jf]C[Black 33 seems leisurely, but there is hidden danger.]
(;W[gc]C[White cannot omit this reinforcement. Variation 'b' shows the consequences if White plays elsewhere.]N[(a)];B[ji];W[nj];B[pj];W[jp];B[mi];W[ni];B[pm];W[pk];B[qk];W[qg];B[rg]
;W[ml];B[ok];W[mj];B[fd];W[hg];B[ih];W[gi];B[ik];W[fl];B[im];W[jn];B[jm];W[ln]
;B[in];W[io];B[nn];W[kl];B[gm];W[go];B[fm];W[em];B[el];W[dm];B[fk];W[dl];B[ek]
;W[dk];B[ei];W[dj];B[fi];W[ch];B[np];W[pr];B[cq])
(;W[jp]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[id];W[ic];B[hd];W[gd];B[gc];W[jd];B[ie];W[je];B[if];W[kf];B[kg]
;W[lf];B[mf];W[lg];B[mg];W[lh];B[mh];W[mi]LB[ni:a][li:b]C[White 52 is unreasonable - facing cutting points at 'a' and 'b', White loses something and Black escapes.]))
(;W[qg]N[(b)]C[White strikes at Black's thin position.];B[pg];W[rf]LB[pe:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[qe];W[sc];B[sd];W[sa];B[rg];W[oa];B[pa];W[na]C[White gets a ko.])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[sc];B[qa];W[oa];B[pa];W[na];B[ra];W[sb];B[pe];W[se];B[qe];W[sd];B[rg]
;W[sg]LB[rh:a][ne:b][mf:c]C[White gets a ko. Black can extend at 'a', and has ko threats with 'b' and 'c'.]))))
(;W[oa]N[mistake (b)]C[White 28 does not work because of the exchange of Black 13, White 16.];B[pa];W[na];B[ra]CR[qa]C[Without the exchange of Black 13, White 16, White could play at the marked location (and win the fight).])
(;W[pa]N[ko (c)];B[oa];W[ra];B[ma];W[la];B[sb]C[Because of the double ko, Black can win. If another ko appears elsewhere, however, White has an endless supply of ko threats. ])
(;W[sc]C[White 28 is another attempt that should not work, but Black must be careful. Black continues with 'a'; Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(d)]LB[qa:a][sd:b]
(;B[qa]N[(a)]LB[rg:a]C[White 'a' is sente.])
(;B[sd]C[Black 29 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oa];B[pa];W[sa];B[qa];W[na])))
(;B[mf]N[(b)]LB[mg:a][nh:b][oa:c]C[Black 27 is a relatively recent development, first appearing professionally in 1968.  

White 'a' to 'c' are possible continuations.]
(;W[mg]N[(a)];B[lg];W[mh];B[lh];W[mi];B[li];W[mj];B[ic]C[If Black has support in the top-left corner, which is usually the case in Black choosing this joseki, Black 35 serves as both a check and an extension from the top-left corner.])
(;W[nh]C[This variation shows the sequence when Black 27 was first played professionally; Black responds with 28. ]N[(b)];B[mh];W[ni];B[mi];W[nj];B[ic];W[ke];B[ie];W[kg];B[ki])
(;W[oa]N[(c)]C[White 28 initiates an exchange whereby White gains influence, Black profit.];B[pa];W[na];B[ra]LB[ma:a][mg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ma]N[(a)];B[sb];W[mg];B[lg];W[lh];B[ng];W[mh];B[ne];W[lf];B[oe];W[kg])
(;W[mg]N[(b)];B[lg];W[lh];B[mh];W[ng];B[kh]LB[li:a][lf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[li]N[(a)];B[kf]
(;W[mi]N[(a)];B[ic])
(;W[hc]N[mistake (b)]C[White cannot afford to play 40 here.];B[mi]C[Black 41 initiates a sequence where White's position on the top-right falls apart.]))
(;W[lf]C[White 38 gives Black a ponnuki in the center of the board. Normally this would be to Black's advantage.]N[not good (b)];B[li];W[kf])))))
(;B[ld]C[Black 23 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qf];B[kd];W[jc];B[of];W[pa]C[White 28, aiming for a ko later, is nicely timed.];B[oa];W[rf];B[ne];W[pe];B[sb];W[qi]LB[ra:a]C[White can get a ko later with a play at 'a'.]
))
(;B[mb]C[Black 17 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[re]C[White 18, capturing the three Black stones, is good enough.]))
(;W[mb]N[mistake (b)]LB[pb:a][nb:b]C[White 16 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[kc];B[me]LB[of:a][lb:b]C[Now 'a' and 'b' are miai.

See variation 2-4-1-1-1-1-3-2-1 for continuations.])
(;B[nb]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[lb];B[pb];W[kc])))
(;W[rb]N[not good (b)]C[White 14 is not recommended, but was the reply Takagawa made against Go Seigen when Go first played Black 13.];B[re];W[mc];B[me];W[pf];B[qf];W[pe];B[pg]LB[pb:a][nf:b]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[lc];W[mb];B[qg]C[The difference between this and variation 2-4-1-1-2-1-1-1-1-1-1 is the forcing move of Black 13, White 14; White has unconditionally lost 2 points.])
(;W[nf]C[White 22, attempting to avoid the 2-point loss from playing White 14, is a mistake. Go Seigen made this mistake against Fujisawa Shuko in the 1st Meijin Title League in 1961.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[rf];B[qg];W[sc];B[rg];W[mb];B[nb];W[oa];B[mg];W[ng];B[lc]C[Nice block by Black.]
;W[lb];B[nh]LB[na:a][oh:b]C[Black 35 is an excellent squeeze play.

The game continued with 'a'. Variation 'b' demonstrates a different but fruitless approach.]
(;W[na]N[(a)];B[ne];W[of];B[mf];W[pa]C[Black gets superior thickness.])
(;W[oh]N[(b)];B[kb];W[kc];B[ld];W[jb];B[ka];W[ja];B[kd];W[jc];B[ne];W[of];B[og];W[mh]
;B[ni];W[mf];B[lg];W[lf];B[kf];W[kg];B[lh];W[ke];B[jf]LB[je:a][jd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[je]N[(a)];B[le])
(;W[jd]N[(b)];B[je]C[White cannot get a snapback.]))))))
(;B[mc]N[nobi (extend) (b)]LB[rd:a][md:b]C[Black 9, a bit submissive, but adequate, and avoids the avalanche.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended as giving a locally equal result, but may make strategic sense.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qc];W[pf])
(;W[md]N[(b)]C[White 10 only makes sense strategically; locally it results in a loss.]LB[ld:a][re:b]
(;B[ld];W[qc];B[rd];W[qb];B[re];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[kb];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg]LB[jc:a][qh:b]C[Now 'a' and 'b' are miai for Black.]
;W[jc];B[qh];W[jb];B[pb];W[of];B[oh])
(;B[re];W[qc];B[rd];W[lc];B[qb];W[ld]LB[qf:a][gc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.];B[qf];W[gc]C[White needs to extend at least as far as 18 to compensate for the loss in the corner.])))
(;B[re]N[(c)];W[rd];B[qc];W[rf];B[pe];W[qf];B[md];W[of]))
(;W[rd]C[White avoids the avalanche.]N[(b)];B[qc];W[pf]))
(;B[rd]LB[nd:a][nc:b]C[Black 7 has the advantage of Black later extending down the right from Black 7. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' may be possible with support on the right.]N[(e)]
(;W[nd]LB[qc:a]C[White treats Black 7 as equivalent to a solid connection at 'a', so White 8 is the only move, but unlike the solid connection, a potential cutting point at 'a' remains.]N[(a)])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nb];B[ne];W[pe];B[re]LB[qb:a]C[Unless Black can the two White cutting stones, Black 13 is advised. Black 'a' is too submissive.];W[qg])))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (c)]LB[nc:a][pd:b][pc:c]C[White plays elsewhere. Possible local Black continuations include 'a' to 'c'.])
(;W[pc]C[White 4 is not joseki.]N[not joseki (d)];B[pd];W[qc]))
(;B[oe]LB[ne:a][nd:b][qc:c][pe:d]N[ue tsuke (attach on top) (d)]C[The idea of Black 3 is not to fall behind in influence. White continues with 'a' to 'c'. 

White can only play 'c' with a favorable ladder to the lower left corner. White suffers a serious loss of territory with potentially no compensation if the ladder is not favorable and Black plays most serverly.

White 'd' is not joseki. White loses the corner.

a1 - Black choice
b2 - Black right, White top
c3 - Black choice; White must have the ladder or lose
d4 - White loses the corner
]
(;W[ne]LB[pe:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is typical. 

Black 'b' shows a tough attitude. If White plays in an equally uncompromising way, a large-scale complex fight can result.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]LB[md:a][qc:b][nf:c]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.

a1 - Black choice of territory or influence
b2 - Black corner; toward the top (sacrificing Black 3 & 5)
c3 - White influence, oriented towards top, but sacrificing a large corner]
(;W[md]LB[oc:a][nf:b][nc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' for territory or 'b' for influence. 

White 'c' is an old pattern, no longer considered joseki.]N[(a)]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[nc];B[ob]LB[ng:a][ic:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', or plays elsewhere.])
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[mf]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[ng:a][mg:b]
(;B[ng]N[(a)];W[mg];B[nh]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[The joseki ends. A White play at 'a' is unreasonable. Black 'b' secures considerable profit.];W[qc]C[White 12 is unreasonable (not joseki).];B[pc];W[pd];B[oc];W[nd];B[qb]LB[qe:a][rc:b]C[White cannot gain anything by cutting at 'a'. If White 'b', Black 'a' and it is all over.]
)
(;B[mg]C[The two-step hane was not seen in classical Go. They are unyielding moves peculiar to modern Go.]N[(b)];W[ng];B[of];W[lf]LB[lg:a][mh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is mild. 

Variation 'c' shows continuation if Black plays elsewhere.]
(;B[lg]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[kf:a][kg:b]N[(a)]
(;W[kf]N[(a)];B[nh]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[The joseki concludes. But the question of whether White plays 'a' or Black plays 'b' is important for corner profit. That Black 'b' is possible is a matter of course, but Black can counterattack against White 'a'.];W[qc]LB[pd:a][pc:b]C[Continuation. White is naturally eager to play 16.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pc];B[oc];W[nd];B[ob];W[pb];B[mb]LB[rd:a][pa:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 2 is a tough move resulting in continued fighting.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[re];W[mc];B[nb];W[lb];B[rc];W[rb];B[sd];W[pa];B[ra];W[ma];B[qb];W[na]
;B[sb];W[nc])
(;W[pa]C[White 2 is a strong answer.]N[fight (b)];B[lb];W[rd];B[re];W[jb]C[Future prospects are uncertain.]))
(;B[pc]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[oc];W[nd];B[qb];W[qe];B[rc];W[og]LB[pf:a]C[Black can save his stones with 'a', but the three center stones are adrift.]))
(;W[kg]N[(b)];B[kf]LB[kd:a][je:b]C[White continues with 'a', or 'b' if the ladder is favorable.]
(;W[kd]C[White 16 if White does not have the ladder.]N[(a)];B[jf];W[kh];B[nh])
(;W[je]C[White 16 if White has the ladder.]N[White ladder (a)];B[nh];W[jf])))
(;B[mh]C[Black 13 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pc])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nh:a][qc:b]N[Black tenuki (c)]
(;W[nh]N[(a)];B[oc];W[nc];B[ob])
(;W[qc];B[rc];W[pc];B[nh];W[lg];B[og];W[mi]))))
(;B[nc]C[White 7 is an old pattern, no longer considered joseki.]N[not joseki (c)];W[nd];B[oc]LB[pd:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is too mild.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[pc];W[qe]C[White 12 is a sacrifice manoeuvre.];B[qf];W[re];B[rd];W[rf];B[qg];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[rb]
;W[mc];B[mb];W[pb];B[ob];W[oa];B[nb];W[lb];B[qa]LB[og:a][pf:b]C[White continues at 'a', or if the ladder is favorable, at 'b'.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[pf];W[qh];B[rg];W[rh]LB[of:a][pg:b]C[White ends in gote, but has powerful thickness, plus forcing moves at 'a' and 'b'.])
(;W[pf]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[of];W[og]LB[pg:a][nf:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[nf];B[pf];W[oh];B[rg];W[rh];B[qh];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj])
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[pg]LB[mf:a][qh:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are miai.])))
(;W[mc]N[not good (b)]C[White 10 is not recommended, as it is not severe enough.];B[pd];W[ic]C[The result favors Black.])))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[pd];B[oc];W[nd];B[qb];W[qe];B[rc];W[rd];B[qc]LB[pf:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', depending on the ladder. If the ladder to the lower left favors White, White plays 'a'. If the ladder is unfavorable, White plays 'b'.]

(;W[pf]C[White 16 if a favorable ladder.]N[White ladder (a)])
(;W[of]N[Black ladder (b)];B[pf];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[re];W[rf];B[qe];W[og]))
(;W[nf]N[(c)]C[White strongly favors influence and the top with White 6.];B[nd];W[md];B[nc];W[mc];B[ob];W[nb];B[oc]))
(;B[of]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pd:a][md:b]N[(b)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[qe]LB[qc:a][nd:b][kd:c][md:d][pb:e]C[Next, White 'a'is the strongest move. Other moves which give up the 3-3 point are a compromise. White 'b' is playable. White 'c' is the standard move at top. White 'd' does not give a favorable result. White 'e' is an old pattern.]
(;W[qc]LB[nd:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. The cut at 'a' is natural, while 'b' avoids complications and takes sente, but can also be seen as backing down from the original challenge.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[md];W[mc];B[ld];W[lc];B[kd];W[pe];B[pf];W[qf]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rc:a][qg:b]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg];W[qh];B[rb]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[jb:a][ng:b]
(;W[jb]N[(a)];B[nf])
(;W[ng]N[(b)];B[nf];W[mf]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[me:a][mg:b]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[mg];B[kc];W[kb];B[jb];W[la])
(;B[mg]N[(b)];W[og];B[me];W[lf];B[kc];W[kb];B[jb];W[la];B[mh];W[kg])))
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[rf];B[ph]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rd:a][jc:b]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[kc])
(;W[jc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[oc];B[rc];W[qb];B[re];W[rb];B[rg])))
(;W[md]N[mistake (b)]C[White 10 is a mistake.];B[nc];W[mc]LB[ob:a][nb:b][mb:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black 'b', White plays 'c', and the unreasonable move of White 10 succeeds.];B[ob];W[pb];B[mb]C[White is at a loss for how to proceed.]))
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[pb]LB[rc:a][nd:b]C[White 10 is correct shape, guarding against 'a' and 'b'.]))
(;W[nd]C[White 8 is possible, but not often seen in actual play.]N[(b)];B[qc];W[jc]C[The position of White 10 is flexible, depending on the situation in the top-left corner.])
(;W[kd]N[(c)];B[qc]LB[ob:a]C[White ignores Black 9 and plays elsewhere. This pattern is sometimes seen in professional games, but Black has the move at 'a', so White undeniably seems thin.])
(;W[md]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (d)];B[nc];W[nd];B[qc]LB[pb:a]C[White has no good followup. White 'a', keeping the peep stone separated from the others, does not give White good shape.];W[pb];B[mb];W[ob];B[kc])
(;W[pb]N[(e)]C[White 8 is an old pattern.];B[qc];W[lc]))
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[pd];W[oc];B[pj];W[ic])))
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[pd];W[ne];B[of];W[jc])
(;W[qc]LB[nd:a][pe:b][pd:c][rc:d]N[tsuke-koshi (attach at keima): complicated (c)]C[White 4 is an attempt to complicate the situation, and can lead to undreamed-of variations. 

Black responds with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'a' is usual. Black 'b' is also easy to understand. 

Black 'c' is a scary move leading to complications, and a serious loss of territory in the corner for White if Black has a favorable ladder.

Black 'd' does not appear in joseki books.]
(;B[nd]LB[pd:a][oc:b][pc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' is submissive. 

White 'c' is heavy.]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[pe];W[qe];B[rd]LB[rc:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play.]
(;W[rc]LB[ob:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[ob]N[(a)]LB[re:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[pc];W[sd];B[qd]LB[qh:a][dp:b]CR[rd]C[White continues at 'a'. White playing at the red dot would be pointless.

White should not play elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[qh]N[(a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a', or 'b' if the position merits taking the right side.]LB[ph:a][rg:b]
(;B[ph]LB[rg:a][cq:b]C[Black forces White low at 'a'. White plays elsewhere with 'b' (not recommended, but White can live).]N[(a)]
(;W[rg]C[White aims to cut later.]N[(a)];B[dd]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[pf]C[White's continuation.];B[of];W[pg];B[og];W[oh]C[The cut White was aiming at.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[rg];W[pb];B[oc];W[qa]C[White lives (barely) in the corner, but the result is a big loss locally.]))
(;B[rg]N[(b)]C[Black 17 emphasizes territory on the right side.];W[qg];B[qh];W[pf];B[ph];W[of];B[ne])))
(;W[pc]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qf];W[re];B[rf];W[sd]))
(;B[qf]C[Black 11 is resourceless.]N[mistake (b)];W[re];B[rf];W[sd];B[ne]C[Connecting in gote is not good enough.]))
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[rc];W[qb]LB[qf:a][rb:b]C[Black 'a' foils the trick play. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[rf];B[rg];W[qg];B[pf];W[rh];B[pg];W[qh];B[ob];W[pc];B[rb])
(;B[rb]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 13 is a mistake.];W[ob]C[The four black stones can be captured.])))
(;W[oc]N[not good (a)]C[Black 6 is submissive.];B[pe];W[pb]LB[rc:a][nc:b]C[If White 8 at 'a', Black 'b' is sente.];B[mf])
(;W[pc]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[omoi (heavy) (c)];B[ne]LB[pe:a][nc:b]C[Black 7 is simple: Black goes for influence. White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[pf])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[mc])))
(;B[pe]N[(b)]LB[nd:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[ne];W[md];B[rc];W[pc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qj:a][rb:b]
(;B[qj]LB[ic:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b' or elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;W[ic]N[(a)])
(;W[rb]N[(b)]))
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[ic]))
(;W[pc]N[mistake (b)]C[White 6 is a mistake.];B[nd];W[nc];B[md];W[mc];B[ld];W[kc];B[qj]C[White is much worse off than the joseki variation.]))
(;B[pd]C[Black 5 is a strong move. White better have the ladder or is in serious trouble.]N[White ladder (c)];W[pc];B[oc];W[nd];B[ob];W[rd]LB[re:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if a favorable ladder, or 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;B[re]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[rc];B[qe]LB[nc:a][mc:b]C[White plays 'a' if the ladder is favorable to White, but must play 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;W[nc]C[White 14 only works if White has the ladder.]N[White ladder (a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[mc];W[lb])
(;W[mc]C[White must play 14 here if the ladder favors Black, but the White corner stones die. White gets some thickness at top as compensation, but the result clearly favors Black.]N[Black ladder (b)];B[pb];W[qb];B[mb];W[lb];B[nb];W[lc];B[ra];W[qa];B[sd]C[White cannot live, and Black wins the fight.]))
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[qb];W[sc];B[pb];W[rc];B[qf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[re:a][mc:b]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[ne];W[md];B[lc]C[The future is uncertain.])
(;W[mc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[re:a][mb:b]N[(b)]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[ne];B[ra];W[of])
(;B[mb]N[(b)];W[lb];B[nc];W[md];B[na];W[re];B[pg];W[rf];B[rg];W[ra]LB[lc:a]C[Both sides make live groups in the corner. The Black cut at 'a' necessitates a favorable White ladder, or White faces a tough fight. ]))))
(;B[rc]LB[pc:a]C[Black 5 does not appear in joseki books.

As a reply, White 'a' is heavy.]N[(d)]))
(;W[pe]N[not joseki (d)]C[White 4 is not joseki, but there are many possible variations, and the surrounding situation may be a factor.
];B[pd];W[pf];B[nd];W[oc];B[nc];W[pb];B[nb];W[qb];B[ob];W[pc];B[rc]
;W[rb];B[rf];W[rg];B[re]LB[qg:a][sb:b]C[White 'a' seals Black in on the right, and is the best White can do. White 'b', Black 'a', and White still cannot make life.]))
(;B[mc]LB[qc:a][ne:b][md:c][ob:d]C[White responds with 'a' to 'd'. White rarely ignores the pincer. 

To play at 'a', White needs the ladder to play joseki.

a1 - Black choice of corner, top or right, plus trick plays
b2 - Black choice of top or right
c3 - Black choice of top or corner
d4 - Black corner & choice of top or left]N[ikken basami (1-space low pincer) (e)]
(;W[qc]LB[pc:a][rc:b][pd:c]N[(a)]C[The aim of White 4 is to settle the position promptly, but Black may have other plans.

Black responds with 'a' to 'c'.

Black 'a' offers trick plays for Black.

Black 'b' does settle the position, with Black taking the right, White out to the center toward the top (but with Black aji from the pincer).

Black 'c' is a tough move, traditionally regarded as a trick play. Black must have the ladder to play this way.

]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[oc:a][qb:b]C[Black 'a' is joseki. 

Black 'b' is a trick play, but Black comes out well from it.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[nc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][nb:b]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]LB[nb:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is strange, and has numerous variations.]
(;W[nb];B[qb];W[rc];B[ob]LB[qe:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[qe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mb:a][rb:b]N[(a)]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[ne];B[md])
(;B[rb]C[Black tries a forcing move. White continues with 'a'. For White to play 'b' is too submissive.]LB[oa:a][rd:b]N[(a)]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[pb];W[mb];B[rd];W[re];B[sc];W[lc];B[pe];W[oe];B[pf];W[ne];B[qg])
(;W[rd]C[White 14 is submissive and not joseki.]N[not good (a)];B[md])))
(;W[mb]LB[qe:a][md:b]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black plays 'a' if the ladder favors White, 'b' if Black has the ladder (and the game is over).]N[White ladder (b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[rb];W[lc]LB[md:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'a' leads to fighting, while 'b' gives settled shapes.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[ld];B[mf]LB[pe:a][oa:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[le];W[oa];B[pb];W[qf];B[rd];W[re];B[sc];W[jd];B[ke];W[hc];B[pi];W[oh]
)
(;W[oa]N[(b)]AW[lp][jp][eo][en][em][el][gl][il][bo][bp][cp][dp][dq][eq][pq][po]AB[gn][in][kn][ep][fp][fq][gp][bn][co][do][dk][dl][dm][cc][dh]C[This variation is from Sakata Eio (White) against Fujisawa Shuko (Black) in the 4th game of the 1963 Meijin Title. The joseki in the lower right is variation 2-4-3-1-1-1-4-2.]
;B[pb];W[pe];B[le];W[qf];B[rd];W[re];B[sc];W[jd];B[ke];W[hd];B[pi];W[oh];B[ph]
;W[og];B[qm];W[oi];B[pj];W[kh];B[if];W[ih];B[fc];W[gf];B[hg];W[fh];B[gg];W[fg]
;B[ff];W[he];B[ji];W[ed];B[ef];W[dg];B[eg];W[eh];B[cg];W[di];B[df];W[ch]))
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[nf];W[me]))
(;B[md]C[Black has the ladder and White has lost.]N[(b)];W[oa];B[pb];W[rb];B[pe])))
(;W[qe]LB[nb:a][rd:b]N[(b)]C[White 10 is odd.

Black can keep things simple with 'a', though perhaps giving White a slightly favorable result. Alternately, Black extends at 'b'.]
(;B[nb]C[Black 11 is simple.]N[(a)];W[rd])
(;B[rd]N[(b)]LB[rc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[nb]LB[re:a][pe:b]C[White 'a' or 'b' are possible continuations.]
(;W[re]LB[oe:a][pe:b]C[Black 'a' or 'b' are possible continuations that improve Blacks local position.]N[(a)])
(;W[pe]C[White 14 gives bad shape.]N[(b)]))
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[nb]LB[re:a][qf:b][pf:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[ne];W[pe]C[White 16 is the most solid continuation. The result favors Black.])
(;W[qf]C[White 14 gives terrible aji.]N[(b)];B[pe];W[oe];B[pf];W[of];B[pg])
(;W[pf]C[White 14 gives bad shape and leaves aji.]N[(b)])))))
(;B[nb]LB[qe:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' if the ladder doesn't work, but that is not joseki.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]LB[nd:a][rd:b]C[The exchange of Black 'a', White 'b' is alright for White.]N[(a)];B[rd];W[nd];B[pb];W[re];B[rc];W[md];B[lc];W[qj])
(;W[nd]N[not good (b)];B[qe];W[mb];B[ob];W[lb];B[qb];W[ld]C[If White could catch Black 3 in a ladder, the ponnuki shape would be an equal result. The geta is less favorable.])))
(;B[qb]N[trick (b)]C[Black 7 is a trick play, but Black gets a reasonable result even if White is not tricked.];W[rc]LB[qe:a][rd:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' are both possible.]
(;B[qe]LB[pb:a][oc:b][nc:c]C[White 'a' is correct. White takes the top, Black the corner and right.

White 'b' is a mistake, and White 'c' only slightly better.]N[(a)]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[oc]LB[nc:a][rb:b]C[White 'a' is correct. White 'b', grimly clinging to the corner, is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[ob];W[nb];B[pa];W[md];B[oe];W[jd]LB[rb:a][dp:b]C[Black must continue at 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') results in a "flower-viewing" two-step ko for White.]
(;B[rb]C[Black 19 is necessary.]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. The Black corner stones can only live by ko.]N[Black tenuki: mistake: ko (b)];W[rb];B[ra];W[na];B[oa];W[sa];B[sb];W[sc]C[A ko ensues.]N[ko]))
(;W[rb]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ob];W[qa]LB[nd:a][ne:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. 

Black 'a' gives black two groups (right and top).

Black 'b' give thickness at the expense of the two Black stones (1,9).]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[pf]LB[pg:a][pe:b]C[ Black 'a' is tesuji. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pg]LB[of:a][qf:b]C[White 'a' is correct. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[qf])
(;W[qf]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pe];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[rf];W[nf];B[og];W[md];B[nc];W[ld];B[lc]
;W[kd];B[kc];W[jd]C[The loss of the two White stones (16,18) makes this a loss for White.]))
(;B[pe]C[Black 17 is no good.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[pg];W[nf];B[og];W[md];B[nc];W[ld];B[lc];W[kd]
;B[kc];W[jd]LB[rg:a]C[White can aim at 'a'.]))
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[nd];B[md];W[oe];B[of];W[nf];B[me];W[pf];B[og];W[pe];B[pg];W[qf];B[qg]
;W[rf])))
(;W[oc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[ob];B[rb];W[of];B[jc])
(;W[nc]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[ob];W[nb];B[rb];W[md]))
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[pb];B[oc]LB[rb:a][nc:b]C[White 'a', clinging to the corner, is a mistake.

White best continue with 'b'.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)]C[White 12 is a mistake.];B[ob];W[qa];B[nd]LB[pf:a][qe:b]C[White 'a' is the best White can do.

White 'b' gets White sealed in (but White gets the corner), in White gote.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[pg];B[qh];W[ph];B[qi]C[The result favors Black.])
(;W[qe]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[qf];B[of];W[pe];B[qg];W[rf];B[rg];W[se]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[ob];W[nb];B[pa];W[md];B[qf]))))
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[pc];B[re]LB[ne:a][pf:b]C[Joseki continues with White 'a'. 

White 'b' is a bit unreasonable.]
(;W[ne]LB[pg:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. 

Black 'b' is not joseki, as Black is pressed down on the right.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[ld];B[kc];W[lc]C[Continuation.];B[lb]LB[md:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White needs the ladder to capture Black 11 to play 'b'.]
(;W[md]LB[nc:a][mb:b][je:c]C[Black 'a' next is bad, as White cuts at 'b'. Black 'b' is also bad, as White plays 'c'. As he has no good continuation, Black plays elsewhere and waits to see what White does.]N[(a)])
(;W[mb]LB[nb:a][kb:b][jc:c]C[Fujisawa Hosai 9-dan invented this. If Black 'a', White 'b' and 'c', assuming White has the ladder. This way of playing is frightening.]N[(b)]))
(;B[kd]C[Black 9 puts Black's right side stones under pressure.]N[not good (b)];W[qf];B[qg]LB[pg:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.  White 'b' starts local fighting.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[rg];W[ph];B[qi];W[id])
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[rg];W[se])))
(;W[pf]LB[rb:a][qg:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations.

White leaves himself open to be cut later.]N[not good (b)]
(;B[rb]N[(a)])
(;B[qg]N[(b)])))
(;B[pd]C[Black 5 is a tough move, traditionally regarded as a trick play.]N[trick (c)];W[pc];B[oc]LB[rd:a][ob:b][oe:c]C[White 'a' is joseki. 

White 'b' and 'c' are not joseki. White 'b' gives Black favorable thickness. 

White 'c' gives Black an option to fight (at Black's advantage) or settle (to Black's slight advantage) with Black in the corner and on the right, White taking the top.]
(;W[rd]LB[oe:a][qe:b][re:c]C[Black 'a' is joseki.

Black 'b' starts a fight.

Black 'c' has various outcomes.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[nd];B[nc]LB[re:a][ne:b]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' starts a fight (rather needlessly).]
(;W[re]LB[me:a][ne:b]C[Black plays 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable, 'b' if the ladder works.]N[(a)]
(;B[me]N[Black ladder (a)];W[pe];B[md])
(;B[ne]N[(b)]))
(;W[ne]C[Black 12 needlessly starts a fight.]N[fight (not good) (b)];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[of]LB[qh:a][pb:b]C[Black 'a' give Black top and right, White corner and center, a complicated but equal result.

Black 'b' takes the corner (20 points) while giving White superior thickness.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[ob];B[nb];W[pa];B[jc])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[qb];B[ob];W[qg]LB[sd:a][rg:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' lead to the same outcome.]
(;B[sd]N[(a)];W[rf];B[sb];W[qf];B[sc];W[pe];B[se]C[Black's territory is 20 points, but White has superior thickness.])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[rh];B[rf];W[qi];B[sb];W[qf];B[sd];W[pe];B[sc]C[Same outcome as 'a': Black has 20 corner points, White superior thickness.]))))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[re];B[qf];W[ob];B[nc];W[oe]C[The White stone takes flight.])
(;B[re]LB[nc:a][qe:b]C[White 'a' has various outcomes. 

White 'b' favors the top, but gives Black great thickness on the right.]N[(c)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[ob];W[nb]LB[nd:a][oe:b]C[Black 'a' is better than 'b'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[oe];B[mb]LB[qe:a][ne:b]C[White 'a' takes the top favorably. White 'b' gives Black a choice of top or right, but White still has a favorable result.]
(;W[qe]C[White is slightly better off.]N[(a)])
(;W[ne]LB[rc:a][na:b]C[Black 'a' takes the corner, but gives White advantageous thickness. Black 'b' takes the top with White at an advantage again.]N[(b)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[qe];B[sd];W[pe];B[rd];W[na];B[qb];W[md]C[The result favors White.])
(;B[na]N[(b)];W[qe]CR[qb]C[Black still has the endgame attachment at the red dot.])))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[nd];B[rc]C[Black 3 is terribly weakened.]))
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[pe];W[oe];B[pf];W[nc];B[ob];W[nb];B[of]LB[md:a][rc:b]C[White 'a' takes the right while giving Black thickness. White 'b' takes the corner, but White gets sealed in (bad for White).]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pb])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[ne];B[md];W[pb];B[mf]C[Black fences White in, which is terrible for White.]))))
(;W[ob]C[White 8 is wrong.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf]LB[oe:a][pf:b]C[If White 'a', Black 'b'. Moving out White 2 only creates a burden for White.])
(;W[oe]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[Black 'a' starts a fight at which Black has an advantage.

Black 'b' yields a settled result slightly to Black's favor; Black has the corner and right, White the top.]N[not good (c)]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[rd];B[qe];W[re];B[qf];W[rb];B[pg];W[me];B[kd]C[White faces a disadvantageous fight.])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[nc];B[ob];W[nb];B[qb];W[md];B[pf]C[The result is rougly equal.]))))
(;W[ne]LB[qg:a][me:b][kd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.

With Black 'a and 'b', outcomes vary depending on White's play.

With Black 'c', Black takes the top, White the right.]N[(b)]
(;B[qg]LB[qc:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]LB[pc:a][rc:b]C[Black 'a' is joseki. Black 'b' is a strange move, giving Black a low position.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd];B[oc];W[qe];B[rd];W[qf];B[rc];W[pg];B[dp]C[Suppose Black plays elsewhere.];W[nc]C[Later, White can aim for ko.];B[nb];W[md]LB[lc:a][pb:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' result in ko, neither favorable to Black.]

(;B[lc]C[If Black 19, White gets a ko in the corner.]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pb];W[pa];B[ob];W[rb];B[sb];W[ra]LB[oa:a][re:b][mb:c]C[If Black 'a', White 'b' makes ko. Cutting at 'c' is no good for White as this becomes a double ko.])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[lc];B[mb]C[This is a great success for White.]))
(;B[rc]C[Black 7 is not good.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[re];W[ld]))
(;W[ld]LB[oc:a][pc:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' is also possible, depending on the global situation.]N[(b)]
(;B[oc]LB[lc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' (joseki). White 'b', trying to prevent Black connection, is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[pd])
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb];W[pc];B[nd];W[pd];B[oe]))
(;B[pc]LB[oc:a][lc:b]C[Takagawa introduced this play in the 1956 Honinbo title match. In that match, White continued at 'a'. White 'b' is also possible.]N[(b)]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[ic])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[nb]LB[md:a][me:b]C[Black connects with 9, and threatens Black 'a' and 'b'. White has no good answer to Black 9.]))))
(;B[me]C[Black plays 5 to prevent White from pressing down on his pincer. ]N[(b)];W[mf];B[md]LB[lf:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' to take the right or 'b' to take the corner and center.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[oc]LB[pd:a][pc:b]C[The position is usually left like this for the time being. White's continuations in the corner are 'a' and 'b'.];W[pd];B[pc];W[qe];B[rd];W[qg]C[White may continue here.])
(;W[pc]LB[lf:a][qc:b]C[White 8 forestalls the connection Black was hoping for. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is submissive.]N[(b)]
(;B[lf]N[(a)];W[ng];B[qg];W[lg];B[kf];W[qc];B[qj])
(;B[qc]C[Black 9 is submissive]N[not good (a)];W[lf])))
(;B[kd]LB[qf:a][qc:b]N[trick (c)]C[Black 5 is a trick play.  White continues with 'a'. White must not attach at 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pf];B[oe];W[of];B[nd];W[rc]C[White 12 is a tesuji.];B[me];W[nf];B[oc];W[rd])
(;W[qc]C[White has been tricked.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[pd];B[oc];W[qe];B[rd];W[nc];B[nb];W[nd];B[pb];W[re];B[rc]
;W[qi]C[White's moves appear reasonable, but compare the result to variation 2-4-5-1-1-1-2-1.])))
(;W[md]LB[ld:a][nc:b][nd:c]C[Black 'a' is usual; 'b' and 'c' are also possible. Black must have the ladder to play 'c'.]N[(c)]
(;B[ld]N[(a)];W[me];B[nc];W[oc])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[oc];B[nd]LB[pe:a][ne:b]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[pe]LB[nf:a][qe:b]C[Black 'a' is joseki. Black 'b' is not; the outcomes are favorable to White.]N[(a)]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[qe])
(;B[qe]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[ne]LB[lc:a][qf:b][ld:c][me:d][pf:e]C[Black may try 'a' to 'e'. 'a' and 'b' are miai for White.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[qf])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[lc])
(;B[ld]N[(c)];W[me]LB[lc:a][qf:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai for White.];B[kc]LB[lc:a]C[Black may also connect solidly at 'a'.];W[qf];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg];W[qh])
(;B[me]N[(d)];W[ld]C[The continuation depends on the ladder and strategic considerations.])
(;B[pf]N[(e)];W[lc])))
(;W[ne]C[White 8 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[pe];B[of];W[pd];B[me];W[nf];B[og]))
(;B[nd]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (c)];W[nc];B[ne]LB[oc:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'a' gives White the corner, 'b' gives White influence to the top.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[lc];W[pe];B[le];W[qe])
(;W[lc]LB[oc:a][mb:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' has been used professionally.]N[(b)]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[mb];B[nb];W[mc];B[ob];W[mf];B[oe])
(;B[mb]C[Black 9 was played by Takagawa Shukaku against Kitani Minoru in the 1st Saikyo Title in March 1958.]N[(b)];W[oc];B[ld];W[me];B[mf];W[le];B[kd];W[lf];B[kc];W[pe];B[nf];W[lg]
;B[nh];W[qe];B[mi];W[if];B[hd];W[ki];B[qg];W[nb];B[lb];W[re]))))
(;W[ob]N[(d)];B[pf];W[ne]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qj:a][kd:b]
(;B[qj]N[(a)];W[kc])
(;B[kd]N[(b)];W[qh]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[og:a][ph:b]
(;B[og]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qe:a][pj:b]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pd];B[re];W[qc];B[qf];W[rc];B[pi])
(;W[pj]N[(b)];B[pc];W[oc];B[qb]))
(;B[ph]N[(b)];W[pi];B[oh];W[qe];B[pe];W[pd];B[re];W[qc];B[qf];W[rc]LB[pk:a][id:b]C[Black continues with 'a', White with 'b'.]
)))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. 

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[White tenuki (e)]LB[oc:a][pf:b]
(;B[oc]N[top (a)];W[nd];B[nc];W[pd];B[pc];W[qe];B[rd])
(;B[pf]N[right (b)];W[ne];B[pc];W[oc])))
(;B[ld]LB[of:a][pg:b][qe:c][qc:d][dp:e][pf:f]N[niken-takabasami (2-space high pincer) (f)]C[Black 3 is a relatively modern invention. It is a severe move which restricts White's movements. Some hair-raising variations are possible with c3, hence the nickname "the magic sword of Muramasa".

White responds with 'a' to 'c' (joseki). White 'd' is unfavorable with this pincer, as the pincer is in the way of White's extension. Var 5 ('e') shows White playing elsewhere (which is rare). White 'f' is no longer joseki, as Black cuts White regardless of the ladder.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

joseki outcomes:
a1 - Black right, White top
b2 - Black choice of right or top
c3 - Black choice or right or top
d4 - Black right
]
(;W[of]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qf:a][qg:b]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[oh];B[qh];W[id])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[oh];B[pi];W[id]))
(;W[pg]LB[oe:a][pd:b][of:c]N[(b)]C[White 4 was invented by Fujisawa Kuranosuke (Hosai) in a jubango against Go Seigen in 1952.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'c' is still somewhat experimental.]
(;B[oe]LB[ne:a][pe:b]N[(a)]C[White continues in joseki  with 'a'. 

White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ne]LB[of:a][pd:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a', the old joseki, or 'b', a more recent innovation.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[pe:a][qf:b][qe:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[qc]LB[qe:a][re:b][rc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' (Black sente) or 'b' (Black gote). Black 'c' is a trick play that can be foiled.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[nc];B[rc];W[qb])
(;B[re]LB[rd:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives a slightly unfavorable result.]N[(b)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[nc];B[rc];W[rb];B[sd]C[The joseki concludes.];W[]N[White tenuki]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black follows up with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mb:a][qb:b]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[pb])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[lb];B[pc];W[mf]C[White 22 is correct shape.]))
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nc];B[md]LB[mb:a][ob:b]))
(;B[rc]LB[qe:a][rd:b]C[Black 11 is a trick play. White counters with 'a'. White falls into a trap with 'b'.]N[trick (c)]
(;W[qe]C[White counters the trick play.]N[(a)];B[rd];W[qf];B[nd];W[nc];B[md];W[qb];B[rb];W[ob];B[qa];W[pc]LB[mb:a][pa:b]C[White 22 is a good move. Black 'a' doesn't work because of White 'b'. Black 'b' is the only move, but it falls short.]
;B[pa];W[lb]LB[ra:a][pb:b]C[Black must play 'a'. Black 'b' is a fatal mistake.]
(;B[ra]N[(a)];W[mb];B[re]C[Both sides live.])
(;B[pb]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 25 is a serious mistake. Black dies.];W[oc];B[kb];W[mb];B[lc];W[ra];B[sa];W[ka];B[jb];W[na];B[la];W[re]C[Black comes up short. Time to resign.]
))
(;W[rd]C[White falls into a trap.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe];W[rb];B[pc];W[qb];B[nd];W[oc];B[nc];W[ob];B[re])))
(;B[qf]LB[nf:a][qc:b][pe:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives an inferior result to White. White 'c' used to be considered vulgar, but opinion may be changing.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)]LB[og:a][qc:b]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[qc];B[qe];W[pb]LB[nd:a]C[White 14 protects the cutting point at 'a'.])
(;B[qc]N[not good (b)]C[Black 11 is not recommended.];W[og];B[qe];W[mg];B[nd];W[md];B[nc];W[mc]C[White's influence exceeds Black's profit.]))
(;W[qc]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qe]LB[nc:a][le:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[qb]C[Black gets a better result.])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[rc]LB[md:a][kd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[qb])
(;W[kd]N[(b)];B[qb];W[lc]))
(;W[md]C[White 12 is not recommended, as it provokes Black to strengthen his stone.]N[not good (c)];B[le];W[rc]))
(;W[pe]N[(c)]C[White 10 used to be considered a vulgar mistake, but this variation has been played professionally and found satisfactory.];B[pf];W[qe];B[nd]LB[nc:a][rf:b]C[White 'a' is the traditional continuation. White 'b' is recent.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[md];W[rf];B[rg];W[re];B[qg]LB[lb:a][dp:b]C[White 'a' is an important follow-on. 'b' shows the impact of White playing elsewhere.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (b)];B[nb];W[ob];B[mc];W[oc]))
(;W[rf]N[(b)]C[White 14 was played in a 1979 Nie-Sonoda match and the players consider the result even.];B[rg];W[rd];B[qg];W[nc];B[md]C[White has a solid large corner.])))
(;B[qe]N[not good (b)]C[Black 9 is not recommended.

Black must have the ladder to the lower left corner to play this way. White does not need the ladder.];W[pe];B[pf];W[qf];B[og]C[If the ladder is unfavorable to Black.];W[qc]C[White 14 is the vital point.];B[rf];W[qg];B[rc];W[rb]LB[qb:a][rg:b]C[White 18 is the only move.

Either cutting at 'a' or trying to live with 'b' are not recommended. Black instead abandons the Black corner stones and goes for thickness.]
;B[oh];W[rg];B[pc];W[qb];B[nd];W[oc];B[nc];W[ob];B[rh];W[qh];B[qi];W[ri];B[qj]
;W[sh];B[oj]C[Locally, the result is a loss for Black.]))
(;B[pd]N[(b)]C[Black 7 first appeared in a title game in 1975 by Hashimoto Shoji against Rin Kaiho for the 13th Judan Title.];W[of];B[oc];W[pe];B[nc]))
(;W[pe]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[ne];B[of];W[pf]LB[oc:a][nf:b][nd:c]C[Black can connect underneath with 'a' and gets a favorable result. If White cannot get a ladder with 'b', Black simply cuts at 'c'.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[nd];B[nc];W[ng])
(;B[nd]C[Black plays 11 if White does not have the ladder.]N[(b)];W[oc];B[nc])))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[oe];B[oc];W[nc];B[nd]LB[mc:a][pc:b][ob:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[mc]LB[ob:a][ne:b][md:c][pc:d]C[Black plays 'a' or 'b'.

'c' and 'd' are miai. ]N[(a)]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[md];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[pe];B[og]C[The results from this are favorable to White.];W[qe];B[ph];W[qg]LB[qb:a][qh:b]C[Black 'a' saves the corner. 

Black 'b' is unreasonable, according to Ishida's Dictionary of Basic Joseki. ]

(;B[qb]C[Black 21 is necessary to save the corner.];W[qh];B[pi];W[rj])
(;B[qh]N[unreasonable? (b)]C[Black 21 is supposedly unreasonable, according to Yoshio Ishida.];W[rh];B[ri];W[rf];B[sh];W[rg];B[oh];W[rd];B[rc];W[rb];B[sd];W[qc]LB[re:a][pc:b]C[Ishida states that White takes the corner because Black must play 27 to defend against the cut.

But the following sequences, unexplored in Ishida's Joseki Dictionary, tell a different story.

Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]

(;B[re]N[(a)];W[pc];B[rd]LB[pb:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[sf];W[nb];B[pf];W[qf];B[of];W[oa];B[oc];W[ob];B[sg];W[oc];B[qi])
(;W[qb]N[mistake (b)]C[White 36 is a mistake. White loses by a move.];B[pf]C[Black 37 is the tesuji.];W[qf]LB[of:a][sf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[sf];B[si])
(;B[sf]N[(b)];W[of];B[sg])))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[sc];B[qb];W[rc])))
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[ob];B[pc];W[pe]LB[pb:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[lc];B[kd];W[jc])
(;B[lc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 15 is unreasonable.];W[lb];B[kb];W[pb];B[qb];W[rb]LB[pa:a][qa:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' looks better, but is worse.]
(;B[pa]N[(a)];W[nb]LB[rc:a][jc:b]C[Black saves the corner with 'a', or protects against the cut with 'b' (and thereby loses the corner).]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[kc])
(;B[jc]N[(b)];W[rc]))
(;B[qa]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 21 loses the corner.];W[nb];B[la];W[rc];B[qc];W[rd];B[qe];W[qf];B[re];W[ra]))))
(;W[pc]N[(b)]C[White 10 is intended as a sacrifice play in the corner for the right side, though Black has options.];B[ob];W[pb];B[nb];W[rc]LB[qc:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[pa];W[sa];B[rb];W[sb];B[oa];W[rd];B[qa]
;W[qe];B[rb];W[qb]LB[mc:a])
(;B[rd]C[Black 15 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qc];B[rg];W[pe];B[qf];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[kc];W[lb];B[kb];W[md]
;B[me];W[la];B[ne];W[le];B[pf];W[of];B[ng];W[og];B[kd];W[mg];B[lf];W[mf];B[ke]
;W[nf];B[le];W[qg]C[White gets the right, Black the top. White comes out ahead.]))
(;W[ob]C[White 10 is vulgur.]N[mistake (c)];B[pc];W[md];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[mc];B[of]C[It is hard to imagine this result favoring White. Losing the two White stones is bad.]))
(;B[of]LB[og:a][pe:b][pf:c]N[(c)]C[Black 'c' was popular among leading amateur players, and is a relatively recent introduction to professional Go, so all variations have not been explored.

White 'a' and 'b' are feasible. White 'c' is probably unreasonable.]
(;W[og]C[White 6 temporarily sacrifices the approach stone.]N[(a)];B[oe]LB[nd:a][pd:b]C[After Black 7 White plays elsewhere. Black will probably add a move at 'a' or 'b' at an early stage. ])
(;W[pe]C[This comes from Kajiwara (W) vs. Kuwahara (W), preliminary round, 14th Judan Title (1975).]N[(b)];B[pf];W[qe];B[qf];W[rf];B[qg];W[rd];B[nd];W[nc];B[oe]LB[oc:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[mc];W[ne];B[md]C[White ends in sente, but Black has a good endgame move.];W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[pd]C[Black's endgame moves that are sente, and leave White with a small corner.];W[re];B[pb];W[pc];B[nb];W[qc]
)
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[mc];W[ne];B[md]C[Next, White plays elsewhere.]))
(;W[pf]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[oe];W[pe];B[pd];W[oc]LB[og:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an odd move, and a mistake.]
(;B[og];W[ph];B[oh];W[pi];B[nd]LB[oi:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[oi];B[nc])
(;W[nc]C[White 16 takes on an unreasonable fight.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[ne];B[md];W[qb];B[rb]LB[ra:a][pb:b]C[White sets up a ko with 'a', or a downright loss with 'b'.]
(;W[ra]N[(a)];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc];W[pa]C[White sets up a ko, but has no local ko threats.])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[rc];W[re]LB[ra:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ra]C[Black 25 is the tesuji that gives Black enough liberties to win the fight.]N[(a)];W[mb];B[lb];W[na];B[la])
(;B[nb]N[mistake (b)]C[With Black 25, the fight becomes favorable to White.];W[ra]C[The vital point.]))))
(;B[pb]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob];B[pc];W[og];B[me];W[lb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ic];W[re];B[qe];W[rf]
;B[rd];W[ib];B[hc];W[hb];B[gc];W[kc];B[kd];W[mc]))))
(;W[qe]LB[re:a][pe:b][pd:c]N[(c)]C[There is a ladder here, which should be favorable for White to play this way. 

Black 'a' is peaceful. Black 'a' is recommended for Black unless there are mitigating cirumstances. Black takes the right  with 'a'.

Black 'b' is fierce, but Black may have problems if White has the ladder, as Black develops cutting points and potentially loses the corner.

Black 'c' leads to the Magic Sword of Muramasa. With a favorable ladder, White can always get a good result. Black takes the right, White much of the corner and into the center.]
(;B[re]N[(a)]LB[pe:a][qf:b]C[White draws back with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pe]LB[rf:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended if White has the ladder (which White should have to have played this way).]
(;B[rf];W[qc]LB[rd:a][rc:b]C[Black 'a' is joseki. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rd]LB[oc:a][pc:b]N[(a)]C[Joseki continues at 'a'. The old joseki is at 'b', but White's shape has problems.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)]C[White 10 was invented by Kubouchi Shuchi 9-dan.];B[pg];W[lb])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pg]LB[nf:a][mc:b]C[White moves out with 'a', or blocks at 'b'. Neither are particularly good.]
(;W[nf]LB[mc:a][nd:b]C[White's shape is thin. Black can spoil White's position with 'a' or 'b'. White 10 is too heavy.]N[(a)])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[lc];W[md]C[White becomes overconcentrated while making Black strong and with no compensation.];B[le];W[nf]C[White is overconcentrated, and has no compensation for letting Black build a wall at top.])))
(;B[rc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 9 is pointless, and yields Black a low position.];W[pd];B[rd];W[pg]LB[qh:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[oi])
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[pi])))
(;B[qf]N[not good (b)]LB[rd:a][rf:b]C[This is the same position as variation 5-1-2-1-1, except for Black 3.

White plays 'a' and gets a favorable result with a favorable ladder to the bottom-left. Conversely, White must play 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable, and gets an unfavorable result.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[rc];W[rf];B[sd];W[qg])
(;W[rf]N[(b)]C[Black must have the ladder for White to play this way.];B[rg];W[rd];B[sf];W[qc];B[pf]LB[ne:a][of:b]C[Black 13 is the vital point.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[ne]C[White 14 makes correct shape in this position.]N[(a)];B[of];W[nc])
(;W[of]C[White 14 lets Black build thickness, while Black 3 sits in the way of White developing a good position.]N[not good (b)];B[og];W[nf];B[ng]))))
(;W[qf]C[White 6 lets Black make good use of the pincer stone.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[oe];B[rf]CR[of]LB[qh:a][ph:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black pushes through and cuts at the marked location regardless.

The pincer at Black 3 is in perfect position to help in the ensuing fight.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[pe];W[pf];B[of])
(;W[ph]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pf];B[of])))
(;B[pe]C[Black 5 is a fierce move. Black may have problems if White has the ladder, as Black develops cutting points and potentially loses the corner.]N[tough (b)];W[pd];B[qf]LB[re:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is timid.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qc];W[rf];B[oe]LB[pb:a][ne:b][nd:c]C[White continuing with 'a', hastening to take the corner, is joseki.

White 'b' next is a nistake.

White 'c' is undeveloped as a variation, and not recommended.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[qb];W[pc];B[qg];W[rd];B[ne]LB[rg:a][rb:b][ob:c]C[Black 'a' is sente (White responds at 'b'), but there is no hurry to play it.  Black may choose 'c' if the top is desired later.];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[ob]C[Black takes the top.]
;W[qa];B[nd];W[rb])
(;W[ne]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg]LB[rg:a][nd:b][md:c][qg:d]C['a' and 'b' are miai. White 'c' does little good. White 'd' results in a large loss.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[rg])
(;W[md]N[not good (c)];B[rg];W[le])
(;W[qg]N[mistake (d)]C[White 14 is a mistake.];B[nd];W[pf];B[of];W[og];B[nf];W[ph];B[me]C[This result is terrible for White.]))
(;W[nd]N[(c)]C[White 12 is an undeveloped variation.];B[ob]C[Black can live in the corner or connect to the pincer stone. The outside stones have aji.]))
(;W[qc]C[White 8 is a mistake born of timidity.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[rc];B[nc]C[White still lacks proper eye shape.]))
(;B[pd]N[(c)]C[Black 5 begins the Magic Sword of Muramasa. White gets a good result with a favorable ladder. 

Black takes the right, White much of the corner and into the center.];W[pe];B[oe]LB[rd:a][nd:b]C[The Magic Sword of Muramasa! 

White should have the ladder to play this way.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' is not as favorable, but avoids compliations. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[rd]C[White 8 attempts to avoid complications.]N[simple (a)];B[rc];W[re];B[oc];W[nd]LB[nc:a][ne:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' is a fighting move that puts White in trouble.]
(;B[nc]LB[mc:a][ne:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[simple (a)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[md];W[ne];B[qb];W[of]C[Black has a slightly better result.])
(;W[ne]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[mc];B[qb]C[White has been split in two; the ensuing fight favors Black.]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 13 is a tough-minded move that gives White serious trouble.]N[fighting (b)];W[nc];B[ob];W[nb];B[qb];W[me];B[og]LB[md:a][qg:b]C[Black 19 makes miai of 'a' and 'b': White is in trouble.]))
(;W[nd]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[re:a][ne:b]N[White ladder (b)]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[rf];B[rd];W[of];B[qf];W[ne];B[qg])
(;B[ne]N[(b)]C[Black 9 attempts mischief.];W[me]C[Black 'a' is correct. Black 'b' shows foolish fighting spirit.]LB[og:a][mf:b]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[md]C[White can afford to give up the two stones.];B[qg];W[pb]C[White 14 is a good forcing move.];B[re];W[id]LB[mf:a][rc:b]C[White 'a' is sente. White 'b' later is big.])
(;B[mf]C[Black 11 is a mistake, though White must answer with care.]N[mistake (b)];W[md];B[le]C[Black has too many cutting points. ];W[lc];B[kc];W[mb];B[lb];W[mc];B[kb];W[pc];B[qc];W[pb]LB[qb:a][re:b]C[Black 'a' ends in grief. Black 'b' builds magnificant thickness while giving White a huge corner.]

(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[nb];W[sc]LB[sb:a][qa:b]C[If Black 'a', White 'b' wins the fight.])
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[rf];B[rd]LB[qf:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qf]LB[og:a][qb:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. 

Black 'b' doesn't work if White has the ladder.]N[(a)]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[sc];B[lf]C[White gets a better result.])
(;B[qb]N[(b)]C[Black 27 is only possible if White does not have the ladder. Otherwise, Black 27 is a mistake.];W[nf];B[of];W[ng];B[og];W[oh];B[pg];W[ph];B[qg];W[lf]LB[mg:a][qh:b]C[If White has the ladder, Black 'a' and 'b' are both bad, but Black is better off with 'a'.]

(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[mg];B[pi];W[hd])
(;B[mg]C[Black 37 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nh];B[lh];W[rg];B[qh];W[qi];B[rh];W[ri];B[sh]C[Black lives in the corner, small consolation for a terrible result.])))
(;W[qb]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qg]LB[qf:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[rg];W[sf];B[og];W[sd];B[lf]C[White has a large corner, but Black has magnificant thickness.])
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[ph];W[nf];B[of];W[og];B[ng];W[pf];B[nf];W[oh]LB[qh:a][lf:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[lf];B[nh];W[oi]C[Black is in a very uncomfortable situation.])
(;B[lf]N[(b)];W[qh];B[pi];W[rh])))))))))
(;W[qc]C[White 4 is not joseki, as Black 3 is right where White would like to extend.]N[not good (b)];B[rc]LB[pc:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', giving Black superior thickness to White's small life in the corner, is sometimes seen in amateur games.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[re]LB[of:a][mc:b]C[The pincer at 3 is blocking White's natural extension.

White continues with 'a' or 'b', neither particularly good.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[lc]))
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qb];B[pd];W[rd];B[re];W[sc];B[qf]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (e)];B[pf]LB[qc:a][cq:b][of:c][pg:d][ne:e]C[White may try 'a' as a preliminary to jumping to the center. Var 2 ('b') covers White playing elsewhere again.

White cannot play c', provoking Black 'd', but White 'e' creates a cumbersome shape, so White lacks a good move into the center. This is the reason for not playing elsewhere.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rc]LB[rd:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a', settling himself lightly.

White may play 'b' as a prelude to moving out in the center, but this is not recommended.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[re];W[pd]LB[sd:a][qe:b]C[Black plays 'a' to prevent White settling in the corner, or 'b' to connect to Black 5.]
(;B[sd]N[(a)];W[qe];B[rd];W[of])
(;B[qe]N[(b)]C[Black 10 connects, but White can settle in the corner.];W[rb];B[sd];W[pb]))
(;W[pc]C[White 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[rb];W[mc];B[lc];W[md];B[le];W[nf]C[Black gets nice shape on the right and a wall at top, white White is still not settled.]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere again.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[ne];W[qc]C[White can still make a small life in the corner.];B[rc];W[rb];B[pc];W[qb];B[pd];W[rd];B[re];W[sc]))
(;W[pf]C[White 4 is not recommended.]N[not good (f)];B[oe];W[pe];B[pd]LB[ne:a][oc:b][nd:c]C[White 'a' is the best White can do. White 'b' is bad. White 'c' is not joseki.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[oc];W[of];B[nc]C[Black connects underneath and White cannot be proud of the result. White's shape is bad, as White 4 is not doing anything.])
(;W[oc]LB[ne:a][of:b]N[mistake (b)]C[White 8 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]C[The upcoming fight favors Black.]N[(a)])
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[pg];B[og];W[ph];B[oh];W[pi];B[nd]LB[oi:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[oi]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[nc]N[(c)];B[mc];W[ne];B[md];W[qb];B[rb]LB[ra:a][pb:b]C[White sets up a losing ko with 'a', or dies with 'b'.]
(;W[ra]N[(a)];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc];W[pa])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[rc];W[re]LB[ra:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', the vital point. Black 'b' is bad.]
(;B[ra]C[Black 25 is the vital point.]N[(a)];W[mb];B[lb];W[na];B[la])
(;B[nb]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob];B[mb];W[ra])))))
(;W[nd]LB[nf:a][of:b]C[Black leaves options open with 'a'. Running White along the fourth line with 'b' seems unwise considering White 2 & 8 can escape.]N[(c)];B[nf])))
(;B[md]LB[of:a][qc:b][qe:c]C[White responds with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is unreasonable.]N[ikken takabasmi (1-space high pincer) (g)]
(;W[of]LB[qf:a][oc:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', attempting to connect underneath, is vulgar.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[qc];B[rc];W[pc];B[rb];W[jd])
(;B[oc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 5 is a mistake.];W[pc];B[pd];W[nc];B[oe];W[ob];B[nd];W[oc]LB[pe:a][ne:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. White has good follow up moves to both.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[ne])
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[qf])))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pd];W[pc];B[oe];W[oc];B[pf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[mb:a][ne:b]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[ne])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nf];B[nb]C[This variation is the same as 2-1-7-2-1-2-2.];W[nc];B[mc];W[ob];B[ph];W[lf];B[jd]))
(;W[qe]N[mistake (c)]LB[pd:a][re:b]C[White 4 is unreasonable.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[pd];W[pe];B[oe]C[With the one-space pincer, this sequence is more threatening than the Magic Sword of Muramasa (see variation 2-4-6-3-3).];W[ne];B[of];W[nd];B[re];W[qf];B[qg];W[rf];B[rd]LB[rg:a]C[White now has to crawl along the second line to live (if he can), beginning with 'a'. The result is a disaster for White.]
)
(;B[re]C[Black 5 is a mistake; a lost opportunity for Black to punish White for an unreasonable move.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[rf])))
(;B[kd]LB[pf:a][qe:b]C[ The purpose of the three-space high pincer is to maintain overall balance. This pincer is still experimental: definitive joseki have yet to emerge.

White responds with 'a' or 'b'. ]N[sangen takabasami (3-space high pincer) (h)]
(;W[pf]LB[qf:a][oc:b][oe:c]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended, as the pincer stone loses its effectiveness. 

Black 'c' provokes a large scale fight.]
(;B[qf]LB[pg:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]N[(a)]
(;W[pg]C[If White does not have the ladder, he plays 6.

]N[(a)];B[qg];W[ph])
(;W[qg]C[If White has the ladder, he can play 6 here.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pg];W[qe];B[rf];W[of];B[re];W[ph]))
(;B[oc]N[not good (a)];W[pd];B[pc];W[qc];B[rc];W[qb];B[rb];W[qe];B[rd];W[nc];B[pb];W[ob];B[qa]
;W[md])
(;B[oe]C[Black 'c' was played by Kato Masao against Sakata Eio in the 30th Honinbo league playoff in 1975.]N[fight (c)];W[pe];B[pd];W[oc];B[ne];W[qb];B[rf];W[qg];B[rb];W[pb];B[rg];W[qi]
;B[rh];W[mc];B[qh];W[ph];B[pi];W[oh];B[pj];W[le];B[ng]))
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[re];W[pe];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg];W[rd];B[sf];W[qc]))
(;B[pd]C[The thrust was an invention of Kitani Minoru and was one of his favorite moves. 'a' and 'b' are miai.]LB[oe:a][oc:b]N[tsuki-atari (bang against) (i)]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[oc];W[nc]LB[ob:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' was the first professional experiment with this joseki.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[nb];B[pf];W[jc])
(;B[pb]AB[ed][dc][cd][ce][qn][pj]AW[de][df][cf][dp][cj][pp][np]N[(b)]C[Kitani played Black 7 against Go Seigen in game 9 of their 1941 Jubango in Kamakura. The colors are reversed from actual play.

The aim of Black 7 is to make White lose sente with succeeding plays 8 & 10.];W[ob];B[pc]
;W[md];B[ic]C[Black gets the good extension.];W[pf]C[White 12 is the only move.]))
(;W[oc]N[(b)];B[oe];W[ne];B[of]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[md:a][kc:b]
(;W[md]N[(a)])
(;W[kc]LB[ld:a]C[White can play 8 here, but the possibility of Black 'a' is distasteful.]N[(b)])))
(;B[pc]N[kosumi (diagonal) (j)]LB[oc:a][pg:b]C[Black 3 was an innovation by Kitani Minoru. The idea is to take sente at slight disadvantage locally.

White continues with 'a' to emphasize the top, or possibly 'b' to emphasize the right side.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[pe]LB[kc:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.];W[kc])
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[qf];W[qg])))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[enclosure joseki (e)];B[oc]LB[cq:a][ql:b][qk:c][qj:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'.]N[Black shimari (corner enclosure)]
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere again.]N[White tenuki (a)];B[qj]LB[rd:a][br:b]N[Black extension]C[White continues with 'a'. Variation 'b' shows White playing elsewhere again.]
(;W[rd]LB[qe:a][re:b][pd:c][rc:d][qc:e]N[tsuke (attach probe) (a)]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'e'. Black 'a' yields the corner for the outside.  The idea of Black 'b' is to settle the shape. The aim of Black 'c' is to avoid giving White any help in making shape. Black 'd' gives Black the corner.  Black 'e' avoids helping White make shape.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;B[qe]LB[qc:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. With 'b', White is prepared to fight.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pc:a][re:b]N[hane (a)]
(;B[pc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qb:a][re:b]N[(a)]
(;W[qb]N[nobi (extend) (a)];B[re];W[sc])
(;W[re]N[hai (crawl) (b)];B[rc]LB[qf:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pf];W[qg];B[pg];W[ri];B[qi];W[qh];B[ph];W[rj];B[qk])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[rb];W[qf];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[rg])))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[pc];B[od];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb];B[mc];W[rc]))
(;W[re]LB[rc:a][qf:b]C[If Black 'a', White 'b'.]N[hai (crawl) (b)]))
(;B[re]N[soto (outside) hane (b)];W[qe];B[rc];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf];B[sd];W[og]LB[pf:a][qf:b]C[Playing White 14 at 'a' or 'b' would be too heavy.];B[qf];W[qg]
;B[pe];W[oe];B[rg];W[pf];B[sf];W[qh])
(;B[pd]N[hiki (draw back) (c)];W[qe];B[rc];W[qh])
(;B[rc]N[uchi (inside) hane (d)];W[pd];B[qc];W[pf];B[qe];W[nf])
(;B[qc]N[nobi (extend) (e)];W[qe]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[qg:a][rc:b][pe:c]
(;B[qg]N[soto (outside) (a)];W[rc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rb:a][pe:b]
(;B[rb]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qf:a][pe:b]N[(a)]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pg];W[pd];B[pc];W[sb];B[qb];W[of])
(;W[oe]N[(a)]))
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[qf];B[pf];W[rg];B[rh];W[rf];B[pg];W[rb]))
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[qh])
(;B[pe]N[(c)];W[qf];B[pf];W[rc];B[rb];W[pd]LB[pc:a][qb:b]C[There may be a ladder associated with White 14. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[sb];B[qb];W[qg];B[pg];W[ri])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[pg];B[qg];W[ph]LB[oe:a][rg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]))))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (b)]C[White plays elsewhere again. 


White is actually busy playing another game. ;-)];B[jd]N[double wing Black extension];W[oe]C[White has to make a light invasion. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pf:a][nd:b]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[nb:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[ob]LB[pb:a][mc:b][nd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. In 'c', Black yields the corner in return for thickness.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[od];B[pc];W[mb];B[oa];W[le]C[White must play lightly.];B[mc];W[lc];B[nd];W[ne];B[lb];W[kc]
)
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[nd];B[pb];W[pi]C[White must play sabaki; the ladder to capture Black 13 doesn't work.];B[of]C[White continues with 'a'. Depending on circumstances, White can put pressure on Black 5 and build a wall next to Black 7 with 'b'.]LB[nf:a][qi:b]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[oh];W[mb];B[oa];W[lc];B[md];W[le])
(;W[qi]N[(b)];B[nf];W[mb];B[oa];W[lc];B[md];W[me];B[ld];W[kd];B[le];W[ke];B[lf];W[kc]
))
(;B[nd]N[(c)];W[mc];B[od]LB[pb:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[lc];W[mb]LB[md:a]C[Black 18 at 'a' is unreasonable; White loses his base.];B[md];W[lb];B[kc])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[pb];W[me])))
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[od]LB[mc:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Whether Black 'b' works depends on White having the ladder to catch Black 11.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[nb];W[ob];B[nc];W[pd];B[qe];W[qc]C[After this, Black has to decide between taking away White's potential eye shape in the corner and blocking White out of the center.])
(;B[pc]N[(b)])))
(;B[nd]LB[qe:a][pd:b][rd:c]C[Black 9 starts a fight on the right. White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'c' can be tricky.]N[fight (b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pd];W[pe];B[qg];W[pg];B[ph];W[oh]LB[pi:a][og:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Regardless, White makes good.]
(;B[pi]N[(a)];W[ng]C[White's invasion is a success.])
(;B[og]N[(b)];W[ng];B[pf];W[of];B[pg];W[mf]C[If anything, White's position is stronger than Black's on the right.]))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qe];B[rd];W[qh])
(;W[rd]LB[rc:a][re:b][pd:c][qe:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'. Black 'c' attempts to  give White a hard time in making shape. Black 'd' yields the corner for thickness.]N[(c)]
(;B[rc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pd:a][qc:b]N[(a)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[pc];B[qc];W[ob];B[nb];W[qb];B[ne];W[of];B[pg])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[qb];W[qe];B[pd];W[sc];B[rb];W[rf]))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[qe];B[rc];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf];B[sd];W[qg])
(;B[pd]N[(c)];W[qg];B[re];W[rf];B[qe];W[og])
(;B[qe]N[(d)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[re];W[pc];B[pd];W[rb];B[od])
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[qf];W[qc];B[pc];W[qb];B[rf];W[sc]))))))
(;W[ql]N[White 7-space approach (b)];B[qj];W[qh]LB[oj:a][pi:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oj]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (a)];W[oh];B[ol];W[mh])
(;B[pi]LB[og:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[kosumi (diagonal move) (b)]
(;W[og];B[qf]N[(a)];W[ph];B[oi];W[mg];B[mi])
(;W[qe]LB[pd:a][pe:b][re:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(b)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[rd];B[rc];W[og];B[ni];W[mg])
(;B[pe]LB[qf:a][pf:b][rd:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(b)]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[rd];W[og])
(;W[pf]LB[oe:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' does not work, as it gives White a large corner.]N[(b)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[rd]LB[re:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' lets White live in the corner, a less satisfactory result for Black.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[qf];B[rc];W[of])
(;B[qf]C[White lives in the corner; a success for White.]N[mistake (b)];W[re];B[pg];W[qc]))
(;B[qf]C[Black 10 gives White the corner in a big way.]N[mistake (b)];W[re];B[pg];W[of];B[qg];W[og];B[oh];W[nh];B[ph];W[pd];B[oe];W[od]
;B[ne];W[nd];B[me];W[qc];B[md];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb]))
(;W[rd]N[(c)]LB[pd:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pd];W[qf];B[rc];W[og])
(;B[re];W[qf]LB[rc:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[sd:a][oe:b]
(;B[sd]N[(a)];W[oe];B[pf];W[og])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[og]))
(;B[rf]LB[pd:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[qc];W[oe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pf:a][qg:b]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[qg];B[pc]LB[of:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[pg];W[ph];B[og];W[oh];B[ng];W[pk])
(;W[og]N[(b)];B[of];W[nf];B[od];W[oh]))
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[pf];B[pg];W[og];B[ph];W[pc];B[qb];W[pb]))
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[pd];W[ph];B[rc];W[oi];B[oj];W[nj];B[ok];W[nk];B[ol];W[qi];B[pj];W[ni]
)))))
(;B[re]N[(c)];W[rd]LB[rf:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qc];W[pc];B[qb];W[od];B[qf];W[md])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf];B[sd];W[og];B[qf];W[qg];B[pe];W[oe])))))
(;W[qk]N[White 6-space approach (c)];B[qi];W[qg];B[ph];W[qe]LB[pd:a][pe:b][rd:c][re:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[of];B[nh];W[mf])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[rd]LB[re:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'b' may create a ko.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[qf];B[rc];W[pd];B[qc];W[oe]LB[pf:a][og:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is better.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[of];B[mg];W[me])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[pg];B[of];W[og];B[nf]))
(;B[qc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'a' creates a ko. With 'b', White sacrifices to get out to the center.]LB[pf:a][rc:b]N[(b)]
(;W[pf]N[ko (a)];B[re];W[rf])
(;W[rc]N[sacrifice (b)];B[rb];W[qf];B[sc];W[og];B[re];W[of])))
(;B[rd]N[(c)];W[oe];B[nd];W[mf])
(;B[re]N[(d)];W[rd];B[rc];W[pd];B[qc];W[rf];B[sd];W[pg];B[oh];W[nf]))
(;W[qj]N[White 5-space approach (d)];B[qh];W[qf];B[pg];W[pe]LB[pd:a][of:b][ne:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. In either variation, White gets out to the center.

White breaks through, unfavorable to Black, if Black plays 'c'.]
(;B[pd]N[tsuke (attach) (a)];W[oe];B[ng];W[me];B[mc];W[lf])
(;B[of]N[kosumi (diagonal move) (c)]C[Black 8 does not capture White.];W[pd];B[pc];W[qc]LB[rd:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rd];W[ne]LB[oe:a][od:b][nd:c][nc:d][qb:e]C[Black cannot cut at 'a' because of White 'b', Black 'c', White 'd'. White aims at 'e' later.])
(;B[rc];W[qb];B[rd];W[qe];B[rb];W[nd]))
(;B[ne]N[mistake: keima (small knight's move) (c)];W[of];B[mg];W[od];B[nd];W[pc];B[pd];W[oe];B[pb];W[nc];B[qc];W[ob];B[pc]
;W[og];B[oh];W[mf];B[le];W[nh];B[ng];W[nf];B[lf];W[me];B[md];W[ld];B[mc];W[lg]
)))
(;W[qj]C[White 2 shows a special strategy.]N[special strategy (f)];B[oc];W[mc];B[qh];W[qf];B[pg];W[pe];B[nd];W[pd];B[pc];W[of];B[md]
)
(;W[pg]AB[dd][kc]LB[od:a][pj:b]C[White 2 represents a special strategy when Black has a Chinese-style fuseki at top.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pj])
(;B[pj]N[(b)]
(;W[od]N[(a)])
(;W[pd]N[(b)]))))
(;B[pd]LB[qf:a][pf:b][pg:c][dp:d][qc:e][qi:f][qd:g]C[The star or hoshi (4-4) point, emphasizing influence at the potential expense of territory.

The first experiments with the star point were around 1840 in Japan; its first appearances in pro games date to the early 1900's. Its rise to preeminence came during the 'New Fuseki' movement in Japan in the mid-1930's.

White approaches with 'a' to 'c'.  White 'a' is the standard approach move. Others invite a local loss, but may make sense strategically.

'd' covers White playing elsewhere. These variations show White approaches when there are multiple Black stones locally.

'e' shows invasion (which is not joseki).

'f' shows a splitting move when Black has already played at top.

'g' is feasible if strategically sensible.

g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[hoshi (star point) (4-4)]
(;W[qf]LB[nd:a][mc:b][nc:c][pf:d][qh:e][ph:f][pi:g][qj:h][jd:i][of:j][pj:k][dp:l][re:m][oe:n][qi:o]N[keima kakari (small knight's attack) (a)]C[White 2 is the standard approach move to the 4-4.

Black joseki responses range from 'a' to 'i'. 
'j', 'k', & 'n' show a special strategy based upon fuseki.
'l' shows Black ignorning the approach move (White 2).
'm' shows the greedy play of using the star point immediately for territory.
'o' is not generally favorable for Black, nor joseki.

o15, n14, m13, l12, k11, j10, i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]

(;B[nd]LB[rd:a][qj:b][pj:c][qc:d][qd:e][lc:f][dp:g]C[White responses range from 'a' to 'f'. White may also play elsewhere ('g').

g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (a)]
(;W[rd]LB[qc:a][qh:b][qg:c][jc:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. For a good result, Black must have the ladder to play 'c'.

Black 'd' is hasty.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]LB[qi:a][dp:b][qj:c]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a'. 
Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake. 
A White play at 'c' is too far.]
(;W[qi]LB[jc:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black plays elsewhere, White has a strong followup.]N[niken tobi (2-space extension(a)]
(;B[jc]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[lc];B[rc]C[Black plays 9 to establish a base.]))
(;W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qh];W[of];B[oh];W[mf];B[ld]C[If White is going to play elsewhere, it is better not to have played White 4.])
(;W[qj]C[White overextends with 6.]N[mistake (c)];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri];W[qi];B[rg];W[ph];B[qg];W[pg];B[rf];W[qe];B[pf]C[Black 17 catches the three White corner stones.]
))
(;B[qh]LB[qc:a][qg:b]N[(b)]C[Black 5 emphasizes the right side at the expense of losing the better part of the corner.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qe]LB[re:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[pf]LB[nb:a][pg:b][qg:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White must have the ladder to play 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[nb]N[oogeima (large knight's move) (a)];B[rf];W[oc])
(;W[pg]LB[qg:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', regardless of the ladder.]N[White ladder (b)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[rf]C[White must have the ladder. Black being able to catch White 10 in a ladder gives Black a significant advantage.];B[of]C[Black extends if the ladder is unfavorable. The presence of the cutting stone gives White a better result than the other variation.])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qg];B[rg];W[og]LB[of:a]C[White 14 is correct. The atari at 'a' is vulgar, as it destroys aji.];B[pc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[pi]))
(;W[qg]C[White 10 is a mistake, as Black gets powerful thickness.]N[mistake (c)];B[pg];W[rh];B[ri];W[rg];B[qi]))
(;W[pe]C[White must have the ladder to play 8 this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pf];W[oe];B[qd];W[od];B[pc];W[oc];B[pb];W[pg];B[rf];W[of];B[re]
))
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[ph];W[qc];B[og]))
(;B[qg]LB[pg:a][rg:b]C[Black 5 is a recent Korean innovation. Black must have the ladder to the lower left corner to play this way.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. This choice should be obvious, as the second line is the proverbial "line of defeat", while the fourth line "the line of victory".]N[tsuke (attach) (c)]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qh]LB[rf:a][qc:b][ph:c]C[After White 'a' Black gets the corner and White will aim at attacking the right side group. White 'b' grabs the corner in exchange for  black thickness. White 'c' also aims at the right side, but creates more eye shape. ]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qc];W[ph];B[qi];W[pi];B[qj];W[oc];B[od];W[of]LB[pe:a][nc:b]C[White 14 is the right timing. If White played it after 16, Black would respond by peeping at 'a' and blocking at 'b'.])
(;W[qc]LB[pf:a][rf:b]N[(b)]C[White goes for the corner.

Black can play 'a' and build thickness, or 'b' if he is concerned about the top and wants to block in sente.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[rf];B[of];W[ob]C[The white slide to 12 is a little painful, but avoids bad aji in the corner.])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qe];B[pc];W[re];B[ph];W[of];B[ng];W[nf];B[kc];W[mg];B[ni]))
(;W[ph]LB[qi:a][rf:b]C[Black can play 'a', or 'b' if he wants to preserve the option of cutting between 2 and 6.]N[(c)]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[pe]LB[qc:a][qd:b]C[Black can play 'a', or 'b' if he wants to make it a bit more difficult for White to make eye shape.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[od];B[oc];W[oe];B[nc];W[qd])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[od];B[oc];W[oe]LB[nc:a][pc:b]C[Black can play 'a' if he values the top, or 'b' when he wants to continue and deny White eye shape.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[rc];B[qb];W[rf])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[re];B[rc]C[This is often seen in professional play and consistent with the original intention of Black 5: making life tough for White.])))
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qe];B[qj];W[pi];B[rk];W[qc];B[pc];W[re])))
(;W[rg]C[White 6 is a mistake. The only way White gets a good result is if the ladder to the lower left corner favors White. Black should not have have played Black 5 if this is the case. ]N[mistake (b)];B[rf]LB[re:a][qh:b][pg:c]C[White 'a' is obvious, and yields White a disadvantageous low position, but is the best White can do. 

White 'b' also yields White a disadvantageous low position, but leaves a White stone in a ladder to the lower left, offering a ladder breaker at the cost of giving Black a strong ponnuki shape.

White 'c' is unreasonable, unless White has a favorable ladder to the lower left corner. If that is the case, Black has made a big mistake in playing Black 5.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[pf];W[sf];B[qh]LB[qc:a]C[Black is satisfied, as White has a low position, and Black's thickness is clearly superior.

'a' remains a big middle-game (chubansen) point.])
(;W[qh]N[(b)];B[pg];W[re];B[rh];W[sf];B[qi]C[This is good for Black: White is in a low position again. While White has a play for the ladder breaker to White 8, the resultant ponnuki shape gives Black incredible strength.
];W[hp]C[White plays the ladder breaker.];B[ph]C[Black must take with 15. Black's thickness is impressive.])
(;W[pg]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[(c)];B[qh];W[rh];B[qe];W[pf];B[re];W[qi])))
(;B[jc]C[Black 5 is not recommended, as it is premature, letting White settle himself too easily.]N[not good (d)];W[qc];B[pc]LB[qi:a]C[White no longer needs to play at 'a' to secure a base, so may play elsewhere.]))
(;W[qj]N[(b)];B[jc]LB[qc:a][md:b][qd:c][rd:d][qh:e]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black meanwhile would like to defend the corner at 'c' or 'd' prior to invading at 'e'. If Black invades at 'e' without defending the corner, White will dodge that invasion by invading the corner with 'a'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qd];W[rd]LB[re:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[rc];B[qe];W[ob];B[nb];W[oc];B[nc];W[od];B[oe];W[pc];B[ne])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[qb];W[rc]))
(;W[md]LB[ne:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' works best with Black has the top-left corner. Black plays 'b' when the top-left corner is White's.]N[(b)]
(;B[ne]C[Black plays 2 only when he has support in the top-right corner.]AB[dd]N[(a)];W[kd];B[jd];W[ke];B[je];W[kf];B[ig];W[kh];B[df])
(;B[mc]C[With White in the top-right corner, Black 7 is correct.]AW[dd]N[(b)];W[lc];B[ld];W[me]LB[le:a][ne:b][nc:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake. Push on the side of the cut is the rule.

Black 'c' is cowardly.]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[nc];B[mb]LB[mf:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[nb];W[lf];B[je]C[Joseki ends.];W[jf]C[White 18 is a suggested local follow-up.])
(;W[oc]C[White 14 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[od];W[lb];B[mf];W[ne];B[nf];W[oe];B[pf];W[nb];B[pe];W[ma];B[mc]
;W[mb];B[qg]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[kd];B[le];W[mf];B[kc];W[lb]LB[nc:a][ke:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. Black is in a losing situation.])
(;B[nc]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[kd];B[lb];W[le];B[kb]))))
(;W[pj]N[(c)];B[jc]C[Black hopes to strengthen the corner, White to invade the corner.])
(;W[qc]C[White invades. This is a special strategy, usually because of a pincer behind White 2.]N[(c)];B[qd];W[rd];B[re]LB[rc:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qe];W[ob]LB[pf:a][nb:b][mc:c]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. Black 'c is too mild.]
(;B[pf]C[Black 11 is a thick move.]N[(a)]AB[mc])
(;B[nb]N[(b)];W[pb])
(;B[mc]N[mistake (c)]))
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[sd];W[rc];B[qe];W[nb]LB[pf:a][ob:b]C[White can extend further because of the strength of the four White stones.

Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' is a trick play.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)])
(;B[ob]LB[pb:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[trick (b)]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[oc];W[oa];B[mb]LB[qa:a][dp:b]C[White must play 'a' to live in the corner. White cannot play elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[qa]C[White must play 18 to live.]N[necessary (a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.];B[qa];W[pa];B[ra]LB[sc:a][sa:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. White is dead.]))
(;W[oc]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[pc];B[mb];W[nc];B[mc]LB[od:a][oa:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;W[od]LB[pf:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[ne];B[md];W[oe]LB[qg:a][na:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[oa])
(;B[na]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg]C[Black must crawl along the second line, the line of defeat.];W[qh];B[rh];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj]))
(;B[oe]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne]LB[md:a][of:b]C[Neither Black 'a' nor 'b' are any good.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[of];B[pe];W[pf]C[Black cannot escape.])
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[md]C[The result is a disaster for Black.])))
(;W[oa]LB[od:a]C[White holds the push at 'a in reserve.]N[(b)])))))
(;W[qd]N[(e)]AB[qj]C[Black 4 may be played when Black has a pincer as shown.];B[qc]AB[qj]LB[rc:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.
White may need a favorable ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[rc]LB[pc:a][rb:b][qe:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'a' is simple, 'b' severe, and 'c' the toughest.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[re];B[jc])
(;B[rb]LB[re:a][rd:b]C[Black 7 is tough-minded.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is weak.]N[tough (b)]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[sc]LB[pe:a][sd:b][rd:c]C[White continues with 'a'; a favorable ladder to the lower left helps. White 'b' is unthinkable. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[pe]LB[od:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd];B[pb])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[od];B[qe];W[pc];B[qd]LB[oe:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a' if the ladder to the lower right is favorable, 'b' if not. White 'b' is bad for White.]
(;W[oe]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (a)];B[oc];W[nc];B[pb];W[ob];B[pc];W[md];B[pf];W[ne];B[pg]C[Black gets a large area, White gets sente.])
(;W[oc]C[White must play 16 with an unfavorable ladder to the lower left, but the result is awful.]N[Black ladder (b)];B[oe];W[ne];B[pf];W[of];B[pe];W[md];B[nf];W[me];B[og])))
(;W[sd]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd]LB[qe:a]C[White does not have a ko threat big enough to stop Black 'a'.])
(;W[rd]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc]))
(;W[rd]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[qh];B[jc]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 7 is double tough.]N[tough (c)];W[rd];B[re]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[pe];W[oc];B[nc])
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[rf];W[pf];B[qg];W[pg];B[qh];W[od];B[pc];W[oc];B[ob];W[nc]LB[nb:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]

(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[mc];B[rb])
(;B[rb]N[not good (b)];W[nb]LB[pb:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black plays elsewhere, White gets a two-step ko.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White can get a two-step ko.]N[Black tenuki: not good (b)];W[qb];B[pb];W[ra]LB[qa:a][sb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' and White has a two-step ko. Black 'b' gives White a ko.]
(;B[qa]N[(a)]C[Black 26 and White has a two-step ko.];W[sb]C[White has a "flower-viewing" ko (that is, nothing to lose).])
(;B[sb]N[(b)]C[Black 26 and White has a simple ko.];W[pa]))))))
(;W[pe]LB[od:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(b)]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rc];B[rd];W[re])
(;B[pc]C[Black 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[ne];B[md])))
(;W[lc]LB[ic:a][qj:b][me:c][mc:d]C[Black plays a pincer at 'a' if there is Black support at top, 'b' if Black support at right, or the balanced 'c'. Black 'd' is a mistake.

d4, c3, b2, a1]N[(g)]
(;B[ic]AB[dd]LB[le:a][me:b][oc:c][oe:d][ie:e][nb:f]C[With a star-point stone at the top, Black 5 is a powerful pincer.

White continues with 'a' to 'c'.  White 'd' is a trick play. White 'e' is the vague sort of move found in handicap Go. White 'f' is a hopeless move.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[(a)]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[nf]LB[ie:a][fd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Trying to split Black with 'b' is reckless.]
(;W[ie]N[(a)];B[gd];W[pg];B[qe]LB[oe:a]C[Black 11 defends against the peep at 'a'.];W[re]C[Black 12 is not recommended.];B[rd];W[pe];B[qd];W[oe];B[ne];W[od]
;B[oc];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[mb]LB[pc:a][ob:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[ob];W[pb];B[na];W[rc];B[rf];W[rg];B[se]LB[qc:a][pf:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. Black 'b' starts a capture squeeze.])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[pc];W[md];B[lb];W[kb];B[kc];W[kd]C[White sets up a ko, but can't expect to win it.]))
(;W[fd]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ie];W[df];B[kd];W[ld];B[lf];W[kf];B[ke];W[mf];B[lg];W[me];B[mg]
;W[ne];B[oe]C[White cannot break through. In his struggle for life, White hands Black the game by giving overwhelming thickness.]))
(;W[me]LB[nf:a][pf:b][of:c][md:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' is mischief making, a fight Black does not need.]N[(b)]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[pg];B[ne];W[ke];B[ie])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[pg];B[of]LB[re:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[re]LB[qe:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qd];B[pe];W[rg];B[qc];W[rd];B[og];W[ph];B[mg])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[qd];B[qc];W[qe];B[rc]LB[qj:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[oc]C[White 16 looks tough, but is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[nb];B[ob]C[Black 19 is a tesuji.];W[pb];B[pc];W[oa];B[od]LB[ld:a][pi:b]C[White has gained trouble. 'a' and 'b' are miai.])))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc];W[qe];B[pb]C[Black 13 is the way to make shape.];W[nb]C[If White tries 14....];B[nc]C[Black is unaffected.]))
(;B[of]C[The shape of the three Black stones is called a "sake bottle".]N[(c)];W[ph];B[ng];W[rd];B[qc];W[je];B[hd])
(;B[md]C[Black starts a fight.]N[(d)];W[ld];B[le];W[mf];B[ke];W[mb]LB[oc:a][jd:b]C[White 12 makes miai of 'a' and 'b'.]))
(;W[oc]N[(c)];B[od]LB[nc:a][pc:b][nb:c][pb:d]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' to 'd' are not as favorable.

d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[nc]LB[md:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[md]LB[pc:a][kb:b][ld:c][kc:d]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', 'c' and 'd' are not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[mc];W[mb];B[qc];W[kb];B[pb];W[ob];B[oa];W[nb];B[rb];W[le];B[ng])
(;W[kb]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[kd];W[pc];B[mc];W[mb];B[qc];W[qb]LB[rd:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rd]LB[rb:a][pi:b]C[Black is at the advantage. 'a' and 'b' are miai.]N[(a)])
(;B[rb]C[Black 17 is an overplay.]N[overplay (b)];W[qd];B[rc];W[pe];B[pb];W[ob];B[qa];W[ld]LB[le:a]C[Black cannot now block at 'a'; White can break through to the right or left (Black can stop one, but not both).]))
(;W[ld]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[mc];W[mb];B[nb]LB[lb:a][ob:b]C[White 'a' is better than 'b'.]
(;W[lb]N[better (a)];B[ob])
(;W[ob]N[worse (b)];B[lb];W[na];B[kb]LB[le:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is worse.]
(;W[le]N[better (a)];B[qb];W[pb];B[qd];W[pa];B[pg])
(;W[qb]N[worse (b)];B[le];W[kd];B[je])))
(;W[kc]N[not good (d)];B[pc];W[ke];B[ie];W[kg];B[qe];W[pf];B[nf]C[Black has a much better position.]))
(;B[pc]LB[md:a]C[The exchange of Black 9 for White 'a' is disadvantageous.]N[not good (b)];W[md];B[qe];W[pf];B[nf];W[pi]))
(;W[pc]N[not good (b)];B[nc];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob];B[mc];W[rd];B[ld])
(;W[nb]LB[mc:a][pc:b][qe:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' looks better than it is. After looking at Black 'b', Black 'c' seems logical, but is not recommended.]N[not good (c)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[mb];B[ld];W[kc];B[kd];W[qc];B[qd];W[rc];B[jc])
(;B[pc]N[not good (b)]C[Black 9 is not recommended.];W[pb];B[nc];W[ob];B[qb];W[rd];B[rc];W[qd];B[qc];W[le]C[Black only has one eye in the corner.])
(;B[qe]N[not good (c)]C[Black 9 is not recommended.];W[pf];B[pc];W[pb];B[nc];W[ob];B[qb];W[le];B[dp]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[rb];B[qa];W[rd]C[Black has serious trouble.]
))
(;W[pb]LB[qc:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(d)]
(;B[qc]LB[mc:a][le:b][qb:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. White 'c' gives Black great thickness.
]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]C[White 10 is necessary.]N[(a)];B[pi])
(;W[le]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[mb];B[nb];W[nc];B[md]C[White is now separated.])
(;W[qb]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[mc];W[mb];B[ld];W[kc];B[kd];W[qi];B[jc]C[If Black plays at top again before White, White barely gets two eyes.]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[nb];B[nc];W[ob];B[qb];W[rd];B[rc];W[qd];B[qc];W[le])))
(;W[oe]C[A trick play by White.]N[trick (d)];B[od];W[me]LB[ne:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ne]C[Black foils the trick play.]N[(a)];W[nf];B[mf];W[le];B[pf]LB[ng:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ng]N[(a)];B[qe])
(;W[pg]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[og];W[ng];B[oh]C[White is in serious trouble.]))
(;B[md]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ld];B[ne];W[nf];B[mf];W[le];B[of];W[ng];B[pe];W[og]))
(;W[ie]N[(e)];B[kd]C[Black attacks.];W[ld];B[le];W[ke];B[lf];W[jd];B[kc];W[jc];B[kb];W[jb]LB[lb:a][kf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or possibly 'b'.]

(;B[lb]C[Black captures the two White stones.]N[(a)];W[mc]AW[oc]AB[od]CR[oc]SQ[od]C[White 18 is unreasonable, even if White has peeped and Black  answered.];B[mb];W[nc];B[pc];W[pb]LB[nb:a][qb:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is a costly mistake.]

(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[ob];B[qb])
(;B[qb]C[Black loses with 23.]N[mistake (b)];W[nb]))
(;B[kf]N[(b)];W[lb];B[je];W[ka];B[id];W[ke];B[kd];W[he]))
(;W[nb]C[White 6 is weak.]N[(f)];B[qc]))
(;B[qj]AB[pp][pn]AW[nq][jq]C[Black 5 is ideal with Black support at right as shown, combining pincer attack with extension.]N[(b)];W[rd];B[qc];W[qh]C[White takes root locally.];B[oj]C[Possible continuation.];W[oh];B[me];W[ic]
;B[pg];W[ph];B[ri];W[rh];B[rc])
(;B[me]LB[ic:a][le:b]CR[kd]C[Black threatens the pressing move at the red dot. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;W[ic]N[(a)];B[qe];W[pf];B[pi])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[lf];W[ke]LB[qe:a][mf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[pi]LB[mf:a][nf:b]C[If White cuts at 'a', Black plays 'b' and captures the two stones at right on a large scale.])
(;B[mf]C[Black 9 is weak.]N[mistake (b)];W[rd]C[White can now establish himself.])))
(;B[mc]C[Black 5 is cowardice.]N[mistake (d)];W[ld];B[qe];W[pf];B[re]LB[oc:a]C[White still has the peep at 'a'. Giving White extensions as shown is to White's favor.]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[White tenuki (h)]LB[qe:a][pf:b]
(;B[qe]N[tsuke (attach) (a)];W[pf];B[pi];W[nf];B[ld];W[ni];B[pk]LB[qc:a]C[As long as White is under attack, it is difficult to invade at 'a'.])
(;B[pf]C[Black 5 is a mistake, as it strengthens White.]N[mistake (b)];W[pg];B[of];W[re];B[rd];W[qd];B[qc];W[qe];B[rc];W[qj])))
(;B[mc]LB[qc:a][qd:b][kc:c][lc:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'. White 'd', the nose contact play, is a trick play.

d4, c3, b2, a1]N[ogeima (large knight's move) (b)]
(;W[qc]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[Black 3 attempts to take the corner area. White attempts to prevent that with 4.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[qd]LB[pc:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]LB[od:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[od]LB[rd:a][nb:b][ob:c][oc:d]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. 
White 'c' is not recommended.
White 'd' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[re];W[rc];B[qe]LB[oc:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a fake move.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[nc]LB[of:a][ne:b][pf:c]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' only looks right; it is a mistake.

White 'c' is heavy.]
(;W[of]N[(a)]LB[nf:a][ob:b][qg:c][pg:d][dp:e]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' to 'd' are not recommended. 'e' shows Black playing elsewhere.]
(;B[nf]LB[og:a][ng:b][ne:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[ne]LB[dp:a][jc:b]C[White may play elsewhere ('a'), or thwart Black with 'b'.]
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black moves 'a' through 'e' are sente.]LB[ob:a][nb:b][mb:c][na:d][ma:e]N[White tenuki (a)]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[pb]LB[nb:a][na:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[ra])
(;B[na]C[Black 21 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[rf];B[sf];W[sd];B[se];W[rh]LB[pa:a]C[White's corner is almost safe.

Black 'a' starts a ko for the corner, which Black should not start unless he can win it.];B[pa]C[Black 27 starts a ko fight for the corner.];W[qa];B[ra];W[rb]
;B[qb]))
(;B[nb]N[(b)];W[ob])
(;B[mb]N[(c)];W[ob])
(;B[na]N[(d)])
(;B[ma]LB[ob:a][cq:b]C[White must reply, such as 'a'. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]N[(e)]
(;W[ob]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. The White corner group can only live by ko.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[oa];W[pa];B[ra];W[ob];B[na];W[qb];B[qa]C[White must fight a ko for life.])))
(;W[jc]N[(b)];B[mh];W[ni];B[mi];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[nj];W[pj]))
(;W[ng]N[(b)];B[mf]LB[mg:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mg]LB[lg:a][lf:b][og:c][pg:d][rg:e][qg:f][rf:g]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' to 'g' are not recommended.

g7,f6,e5,d4,c3,b2,a1]N[(a)]
(;B[lg]LB[oh:a][lf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[oh]N[(a)])
(;W[lf]N[(b)]LB[og:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[oh];B[pg];W[pf]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)];W[pi]LB[oi:a][qh:b][rg:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[oi]N[(a)];W[qh];B[nh];W[mh];B[qi]LB[ne:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. The obvious White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[me];W[md];B[le];W[ld];B[ke];W[nd];B[oe];W[kd];B[jd];W[lb]C[White 43 contains the two Black stones, which retain aji.];B[pj]
;W[rf];B[je];W[lh];B[jh])
(;W[qg]C[White 32 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pj];W[ne];B[me];W[md];B[le];W[ld];B[ke];W[nd];B[oe];W[kd];B[jd]
;W[lb];B[sh]C[Black 45 allows connection. White loses.]))
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[qi];B[rh];W[rf];B[se];W[oi];B[ri];W[lh];B[kg];W[ne];B[me];W[md];B[le]
;W[ld];B[ke];W[nd];B[oe];W[kd];B[jd];W[lb];B[sf];W[mi];B[ie];W[jb])
(;B[rg]C[Black 27 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[rf];B[sf];W[qg];B[qh];W[rh];B[qi];W[ne];B[me];W[md];B[le];W[ld]
;B[ke];W[nd];B[oe];W[sg];B[kd];W[qj]))
(;B[le]N[(b)];W[ph];B[kf]))
(;B[le]N[(b)];W[kf];B[og];W[oh];B[pg];W[ph];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[lh])))
(;B[lf]C[Black 19 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[lg];B[kf];W[rf];B[sf];W[rh])
(;B[og]C[Black 19 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[oh];B[pg];W[ph]LB[pf:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[lg])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[qh];B[rg];W[lg]))
(;B[pg]N[not good (d)]C[Black 19 is not recommended, as Black ignores the top for the right.];W[ph]LB[oh:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[og];B[qh]LB[pf:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[rg];W[rf];B[sf];W[qg];B[pi])
(;W[pi]C[White 24 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qg];W[ni];B[qi];W[pj]))
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[qg];B[pf];W[og];B[pe];W[qi];B[rh];W[ri];B[rg];W[oi]))
(;B[rg]C[Black 19 is not recommended, as Black ignores the top for the right.]N[not good (e)];W[lf];B[ld];W[kh])
(;B[qg]C[Black 19 is not recommended.]N[not good (f)];W[rf];B[rg];W[sf];B[pf];W[pg]LB[oe:a][pe:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pe]C[Now Black must find a ko; there is unlikely to be one big enough.])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[se];B[oe];W[og];B[qi];W[lf];B[me];W[le];B[md];W[kh];B[ql];W[kc]))
(;B[rf]N[not good (g)]C[Black 19 is not recommended.];W[qg];B[rg];W[qi];B[qh];W[ph];B[rh];W[pi]))
(;W[rf]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[sf];W[rh];B[mg];W[nh];B[mh];W[ni];B[lj]))
(;W[ne]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[me];W[oe];B[nd]LB[mf:a][og:b]C[Whtie may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[ng];W[le];B[md];W[og];B[lf];W[mg];B[nh];W[oh];B[ni])
(;W[og]N[(b)];B[ic])))
(;B[ob]C[Black 15 gives White a reasonable position in the center, while overconcentrating low.]N[not good (b)];W[pb];B[nb];W[ne];B[nd];W[rf];B[sf];W[sd];B[se];W[rh])
(;B[qg]C[Black 15 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[rf];B[rg];W[sf];B[pf];W[pg];B[pe];W[se];B[ne];W[qh];B[rh];W[qi]
)
(;B[pg]C[Black 15 is not recommended.]N[not good (d)];W[pf];B[rg];W[rf];B[sf];W[qg];B[rh];W[pi];B[qj];W[ne];B[nd];W[ke]
)
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[tenuki (e)];W[ne];B[nd];W[le]))
(;W[ne]LB[pf:a][nd:b]C[White 14 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is submissive.]N[mistake (b)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[nd];B[kd];W[ng];B[ph]LB[ob:a]C[Black can look forward to attacking White's floating stones.

Black also has an advantage in playing 'a' and connecting in sente.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 15 is weak.]N[weak (b)];W[of]C[Good for White.]))
(;W[pf]C[White 14 is a heavy move, rather obviously bad.]N[not good (c)];B[ne];W[rf];B[sf];W[rh];B[ng]C[White is low, and Black has good influence.]))
(;W[nb]LB[pf:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[nc];B[nd]LB[md:a][lc:b]C[White 'a' is tough, but Black has the advantage in the fight ahead. White 'b' gives White a bit of territory while giving Black imposing thickness.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[lc])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[ld];W[mb];B[kd];W[md];B[me]))
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[mb];B[lb];W[oc];B[lc])))
(;W[nb]LB[nc:a][mb:b]C[An artful move by White. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[mb];B[lb]LB[oc:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[lc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[of];B[nf]LB[nd:a][ne:b]C[Black attaches at 19 not because of the cut at 'a', but to prevent the peep at 'b'.])
(;W[lc]LB[ld:a][ob:b]C[White 12 is a trick play. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[trick (b)]
(;B[ld]N[(a)];W[kc];B[ob];W[kb]LB[rc:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rc]LB[md:a]C[The result favors Black.

If White later plays 'a'....]N[(a)];W[md];B[nd]C[Black must play 19.])
(;B[oc]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rd];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[rc];B[qe];W[pb];B[na];W[la]LB[pa:a]))
(;B[ob]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[kb];B[ld];W[la];B[rc];W[kd]C[White gets nice shape, and a powerful ponnuki. The two corner stones are inadequate compensation.])))
(;B[mb]N[(b)];W[nc];B[nd];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[md];B[kc]C[The result is not unfavorable to Black, but in a handicap game, White has scope for further trickery.]))
(;W[ob]LB[rd:a][nb:b]C[White hopes for a Black mistake with this move. Black replies with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(c)]
(;B[rd]LB[mb:a][rc:b]C[Black 9 is correct.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[qi]LB[kb:a][rb:b]C[White is low. Black can press with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[kb]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[nb];B[rb];W[qb];B[qa];W[pa];B[ra];W[rc];B[sc];W[pb];B[sb];W[kb];B[jc]
))
(;W[rc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb];W[oc];B[nc];W[of];B[ne]C[White's corner is not completely alive.];W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[rb];W[sb];B[qb];W[ra]
;B[qa];W[oa]C[Black can leave the position as it is.];B[sa];W[sc]LB[na:a][sd:b][pb:c]C[Called a ten-thousand-year ko, White is powerless.
Black can connect the ko for a seki.]))
(;B[nb]N[not good (b)];W[oc];B[nd];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[of];B[nf]C[Black is dissatisfied with the result because White's corner is secure.]))
(;W[oc]LB[rd:a][rc:b][md:c]C[White 8 is a mistake. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[mistake (d)]
(;B[rd]C[Black 9 shows why White 8 is a mistake.]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[md:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[md]N[(a)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[ne]LB[rc:a][oe:b][me:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;W[rc]LB[of:a][me:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black sacrifices four stones with 'b'. Black 'b' is suitable for a handicap game, where Black tries to avoid complications.]N[(a)]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[me];B[kd];W[mf];B[pg];W[qh];B[pi]LB[mb:a]C[Black 'a' is sente.];W[qi];B[pj])
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[oe];B[of];W[pe];B[pf];W[qe];B[qg];W[re];B[rf];W[sd];B[ph]))
(;W[oe]N[(b)]C[White 14 is not recommended.];B[rc];W[rb];B[of];W[pe];B[qb];W[pb];B[pf];W[qe];B[qg];W[nf];B[me]
;W[pg];B[og];W[rg];B[ph]LB[rf:a][qh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rh];W[se]C[White wins the fight, but Black has sente and strong thickness.])
(;W[qh]C[White 30 loses the game.]N[mistake (b)];B[rf]C[Black challenges White to a ko];W[pg];B[sb]C[Black makes a ko threat.];W[qg]C[White has no ko threats, so must connect.];B[ra]C[Black captures the corner, giving Black the game.];W[oh];B[ng];W[pi];B[mg]
))
(;W[me]C[White 14 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[rc];W[mb];B[lb];W[na];B[kc];W[rb];B[nf];W[pf];B[of];W[le];B[kd]
;W[lg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi];W[qi];B[pj]))
(;W[rc]N[mistake (b)]C[White 12 is a mistake.];B[nd]))
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[mb];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc]C[White settles himself in sente.];W[qi]C[The result is not unfavorable for Black so much as a wasted opportunity.]))
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[rd];W[nc];B[nd];W[mb];B[lb];W[lc];B[md];W[kb];B[ld];W[kc];B[qj]LB[nb:a]C[End of sequence. Black has great thickness, superior to White territory.

Black can get a two-step "flower-viewing" ko with 'a'.]
;W[dp]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[nb];W[la];B[qb];W[pb];B[ra];W[qa];B[sb]C[White has five stones at risk.];W[na]C[White submits.];B[qb];W[pa])))
(;B[oc]LB[rc:a][rd:b][ob:c]C[Black 7 is asking for trouble. White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended, and certainly lacks fighting spirit.]N[trouble (b)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rd];W[od];B[oe];W[nd]LB[ne:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ne]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' to take the corner, or 'b' if the ladder is favorable]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[pe:a]C[White has life in the corner, and Black must still defend against the cut at 'a'.])
(;B[nc]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[pf];W[of];B[pe];W[ob];B[nb];W[pa]C[The sequence concludes.];B[sc]C[Black should not play here immediately, but this illustrates how White lives in the corner.];W[sb];B[sd];W[qb]
))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[od])
(;W[ob]N[weak (c)];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[pf];B[oe])))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[ob];B[pf]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 3 is too close to Black 5 to be effective.]N[not good (b)];W[qd];B[pe]C[Black 7 is necessary. A White hane at 7 is great for White.];W[qe];B[jc]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc];W[pc]LB[od:a][oc:b][rc:c][qb:d]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' and 'd' are not recommended.]
(;B[od]LB[rc:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[re];B[rb];W[sb];B[oc])
(;W[oc]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qe];W[rd]LB[re:a][rc:b]C[For outside influence, Black plays 'a'; for corner profit, Black 'b'.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[rc];B[pf]LB[nd:a][qb:b]C[White cannot aim at 'a' because of the threat of Black 'b'.])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[re];B[nc]C[Black has the corner.];W[qb]C[White 14 is futile.];B[rb];W[nb];B[mb];W[pb]LB[ra:a][qa:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ra]N[(a)])
(;B[qa]N[(b)];W[pa];B[ra];W[sc];B[oa]))))
(;W[pb];B[qe]LB[rd:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pe]LB[re:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qb]LB[pf:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[ob]LB[of:a][qj:b]C[If White 'a' or 'b' next, Black plays elsewhere.])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[nb];W[od]LB[pa:a][oe:b][nc:c]C[Black plays 'a' if the ladder is favorable, 'b' if not. 

Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[pa]C[Black plays this way if the ladder to the lower left is favorable.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[nc];B[oa];W[oc];B[oe]C[Black 21 starts the ladder to catch the clump of White stones.])
(;B[oe]C[Black plays this way if the ladder to the lower left is unfavorable.]N[White ladder (b)];W[nc];B[nd];W[rb];B[oc];W[rc]C[The result is considered equal, but Black has tremendous thickness.])
(;B[nc]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[of];B[oe];W[ne];B[nd];W[pf];B[od];W[me])))
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[re]LB[rc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[nc]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb])))
(;W[pe]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd];W[od];B[qd]C[There is no good continuation for White.];W[nc];B[nd];W[ob];B[oe];W[md];B[oc];W[nb];B[pf]
;W[ld]))
(;B[rc]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 7 follows the proverb, "extend from a crosscut", but this time the move is a mistake.];W[nc]LB[pe:a][oc:b]C[White 8 is a tesuji.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is tempting, but less favorable.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[ob];B[qe];W[md])
(;B[oc]LB[nd:a][od:b]C[White plays 'a' if the ladder to the lower left is favorable, 'b' if not.]N[(b)]
(;W[nd]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[pb];W[na];B[ob];W[lc])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[pb];W[pe];B[pc]LB[nd:a][oe:b]C[White plays 'a' if the cut at 'b' can be taken care of.];W[nd])))
(;B[qb]C[Black 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (d)];W[od];B[pe];W[qe]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[pf];B[oe];W[qk])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[pb];B[oc];W[ob];B[nb];W[nc];B[nd];W[rb]LB[oc:a][rc:b]C[ White 18 is tesuji. The two Black stones are captured.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[qa]))))
(;W[kc]C[White 4 is typically used in handicap games. ]N[(c)];B[qd]LB[qi:a][of:b][nf:c]C[Black attempts to take the corner.

White continues with 'a'to 'c'.]
(;W[qi]LB[dp:a][me:b]C[Black may be pressured by playing elsewhere ('a'), or play 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues locally with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' is the most frightening. 

White 'c' and 'd' are not recommended.]N[Black tenuki (a)]LB[oc:a][nc:b][rc:c][mb:d]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[od]LB[nc:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible, but gives Black incredible thickness.]
(;W[nc]LB[nd:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mb];B[md];W[ob];B[pb])
(;B[md]LB[nd:a][rc:b][qb:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(b)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[ne];W[mb];B[lb];W[nb];B[lc]LB[qb:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' may lead to a sacrifice of the five White stones.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[me];W[rc];B[rd];W[of];B[oe];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[sc]LB[pb:a][sb:b]C[Black goes for a ko. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives Black the ko.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[rb];W[oa];B[qa];W[ma]LB[qc:a]C[White is reduced to two points. ])
(;W[sb]C[White faces a ko.]N[not good: ko (b)];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc];W[rb];B[oa];W[ob];B[qa]C[Since Black can win by connecting at 'a' (White suffers a lack of liberties), the ko is direct.]))
(;W[me]LB[kd:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;B[kd]C[Black continues with 'a', or more boldly with 'b'.]LB[qb:a][le:b]N[(a)]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[nf];W[rc];B[rd];W[pf];B[of];W[le];B[jc];W[lg];B[nh]LB[sc:a]C[Black 'a' is a serious threat.  See variation 3-1-2-3-1-1-2-1-1 (the other variation (above this), where White does not cut at 18, instead playing at White 20 first).])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[jc];W[oe];B[nf];W[of];B[ng];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[rf];W[rg];B[re];W[og]
;B[rc]LB[oa:a][nh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' sacrifices the two middle White stones.]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[nh])
(;W[nh]C[White 34 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[mg];W[oa];B[kg])))
(;B[le]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mf]LB[of:a][pc:b][pb:c]C[Black continues with 'a', or 'b' or (even worse) 'c' to capture the five White stones. Neither are recommended.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[qb];B[lf];W[mg];B[oh];W[rc];B[rd];W[lg]C[White 28 is an excellent move. Black has an unfavorable position.])
(;B[pc]C[Black captures the five White stones.]N[(b)];W[kb];B[ma];W[nf];B[oe];W[kd];B[ld];W[kf]C[White's thickness is superior.])
(;B[pb]N[(c)];W[kb];B[ma];W[nf];B[oe];W[kd];B[ld];W[kf]LB[ob:a][pc:b]C[Black must play 'a' or 'b'.]))))
(;W[rc]LB[rd:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[mb];B[lb];W[nb];B[lc];W[nd];B[ne];W[rb]C[White 20 is a nice move.];B[me];W[of];B[oe]C[This ends the joseki.];W[cq]LB[sd:a][la:b][sc:c][pb:d]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black 'a' through 'c' are sente, but White cannot be killed by playing, for example, 'd'.]

(;B[sd]N[(a)])
(;B[la]N[(b)])
(;B[sc]N[(c)];W[pb])
(;B[pb]C[Black attempts to kill White.]N[(d)];W[pc];B[sc];W[qb]))
(;B[mb]LB[rd:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', trying to live in the corner, is a mistake.]N[(ab)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qb])
(;W[qb]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd]LB[oa:a][nd:b]C[White must play 'a'. White dies if 'b'.]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[nd]C[Black 17 is sente.];W[pc]C[Black has perfect thickness; very bad for White.])
(;W[nd]C[White 16 is suicidal.]N[suicide (b)];B[ne];W[oa];B[pc];W[pb];B[na];W[ob];B[ra];W[qa];B[sc];W[sb];B[rb]
;W[sa];B[rb]))))
(;W[qb]N[(c)];B[mb];W[rc];B[pb];W[rd];B[qc];W[rb];B[nd])))
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[nc];W[rc];B[rd];W[qb];B[oa]C[Black 15 is an ancient and famous tesuji.];W[pa];B[pc];W[pb];B[ra];W[nb];B[mb]
;W[na];B[rb]C[Black 23 is a sacrifice to squeeze White.];W[qc];B[sc];W[sb];B[sd];W[qa];B[ma];W[sa];B[me]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[oc];W[nb];B[nd];W[mb];B[md])
(;W[rc]N[(c)];B[rd];W[oc];B[od];W[nc];B[nd]C[Black blocks. letting White connect underneath.];W[mb];B[md];W[ob];B[qb]C[Black has a favorable result.])
(;W[mb]LB[nc:a][nb:b][lb:c]C[White 8 is an endgame move. Black replies with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]N[(d)]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[ob];W[lc])
(;B[nb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oc];B[od];W[nc])
(;B[lb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[lc];B[nb];W[md];B[nc];W[kb])))
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[oc]C[White 8 does not work.];B[nc];W[ob];B[pc]))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[ne]C[Black secures the corner.])
(;W[nf]LB[nd:a][me:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]N[(c)]
(;B[nd]C[Black 7 is correct.]N[(a)])
(;B[me]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc]LB[oe:a][nd:b]C[White 8 is the tesuji.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' makes matters worse.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[mb];B[pg];W[qh])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[oc]LB[od:a][mb:b]C[Now 'a' and 'b' are miai. Black is on the spot.]))))
(;W[lc]LB[ld:a][md:b][lb:c]C[White 4 is not an orthodox move - usually it is an attempt to confuse Black in a handicap game. 

The nose contact play dates back to at least 1682, when it was used successfully  by the 4th Honinbo Dosaku (1645-1702) (a Go "saint") against the top Okinawan player of the day, Peichin Hamahika.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are submissive. ]N[(d)]
(;B[ld]LB[mb:a][kc:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. The crosscut of White 'c' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[md]LB[lb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)];B[oc];W[ic];B[qe])
(;W[nb]C[White 8 should be a mistake.]N[mistake (a)];B[kc];W[pc];B[qc];W[qd];B[oc];W[pb];B[od]LB[ob:a][qe:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai for Black.]))
(;W[kc]LB[mb:a][md:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[kd];B[le]LB[ke:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ke]N[(a)];B[qe];W[pf];B[ne]C[Black has secured a large corner.];W[qc]C[White's invasion should fail.];B[re];W[pc]LB[rb:a][ob:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.];B[od]LB[rb:a][ob:b]C[White may fruitlessly try 'a' or 'b'.]

(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[ob];W[pb];B[sc])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[sb]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc];W[pc];B[pb];W[oc];B[od]LB[rc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[rb];B[qe];W[rd];B[ob];W[pe];B[oe];W[pf];B[hd]C[Black attacks the three White stones with the pincer of Black 25.])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[rc];W[ob];B[qe];W[nd]LB[nc:a][oe:b]C[Black must cut at 'a', even though it means being squeezed. Black 'b', to avoid the squeeze, lets White out to the center.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[pe];B[rd];W[oe];B[qd];W[ne];B[md]LB[rb:a][rf:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai for Black.])
(;B[oe]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[md];W[ne]C[White is out.]))))
(;B[md]N[mistake (b)];W[ob]LB[oc:a][mb:b]C[White's trick play. Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[qc];B[qd];W[pc]LB[od:a][nc:b]C[Black 'a' is better than Black 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[better (a)];W[rd];B[nb];W[re])
(;B[nc]N[worse (b)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[pf]LB[oe:a][rf:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations.]))
(;B[mb]LB[od:a][pc:b][qd:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(b)]
(;W[od]LB[oe:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.  Black 'a' may be a complicated, but ultimately leads to a loss for White. 
Black 'b' starts a fight.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pe];B[oc];W[pc]LB[qd:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake. ]
(;B[qd]LB[nc:a][qc:b]C[White 'a' leads to a total loss. White may try 'b' to make small life in the corner, but that too is problematic.]N[(a)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nd];W[oc];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[ra];B[rc];W[re];B[pa];W[oa];B[na];W[pb]
;B[nb];W[qa];B[sb])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pf];B[nd]))
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[qd];B[od];W[qc]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[oc];B[pe];W[ne];B[oe];W[nd];B[pg];W[kd];B[lf];W[ng];B[qg]))
(;W[pc]LB[qd:a][od:b][qe:c]C[Black 'a' is correct. 

Black 'b' is weak, allowing White to connect his stones. 

Black 'c' gives Black part of the corner (but overconcentrated) or a start on the right side (at the expense of giving White the corner).]N[(b)]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[od]LB[oe:a][pf:b]C[The hane of Black 'a' is correct. Black 'b is a mistake.]
(;B[oe]LB[qc:a][pe:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. The cut of White 'b' leads to a ko fight favorable to Black.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qe];W[pf];B[nd];W[oc];B[pe];W[rf];B[rc];W[rb];B[rd];W[sb];B[ng])
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[nd];W[oc];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[ra];B[rc];W[re];B[pa];W[qa];B[nb];W[oa]
;B[na];W[qe];B[nc];W[pb];B[sa];W[sb];B[sc];W[of];B[ne]))
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[pe];B[qe];W[oe];B[qg];W[rf];B[rg];W[of];B[pg];W[rc];B[re];W[id]))
(;B[od]C[Black 11 is weak.]N[mistake (b)];W[rd];B[qd];W[rc];B[id])
(;B[qe]C[Black 11 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[pe];B[od];W[qd]LB[qc:a][re:b]C[Black takes part of the corner with 'a'.

Black 'a' gives Black part of the corner, but his stones are overconcentrated.

Black 'b' gives Black a start on the right side at the expense of giving White the corner.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[re];B[rd];W[qe];B[qb];W[rc];B[rb];W[sd];B[oc])
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[rd];B[rf];W[qg];B[pf];W[oe];B[pg];W[nd];B[qh])))
(;W[qd]LB[qc:a][pc:b]C[Black 'a' resists. Black 'b' submits.]N[(c)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[od];W[qb];B[qe];W[rc]LB[rd:a][re:b]C[Black 'a' starts a ko. Black 'b' leaves a cutting point.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)])
(;B[re]CR[pe]C[White can aim at the red dot cutting point.]N[(b)]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pb])))))
(;W[md]N[not good (c)];B[nc]C[Black follows the proverb: extend from a cross cut.];W[kc];B[kd];W[jd];B[me];W[ic];B[qe]LB[pf:a][pi:b]C[If White 'a', Black attacks with 'b'.];W[pf]C[White 14 is heavy.]
;B[pi]))
(;B[md]C[White 4 now looks like a forcing move. Black 5 therefore is submissive.]N[not good (b)];W[ob]LB[oc:a][mb:b]C[If Black has the ladder to catch White 4, Black should play 'a'. Black 'b', keeping White from connecting, is tempting, and troublesome.]
(;B[oc]C[Black plays 7 when the ladder is favorable.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[qc];B[qd];W[pc];B[od];W[rd]LB[re:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder is favorable. If not, Black must play 'b'.]
(;B[re]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[rc];B[qe];W[mb];B[lb];W[nb];B[kc])
(;B[nb]C[Black 13 is bad, but necessary if Black does not have the ladder to catch White 4.]N[White ladder (b)];W[re];B[jc]))
(;B[mb]LB[pc:a][od:b]C[Black 7 is not recommended. 

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is tempting, and dangerous.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[pc]LB[od:a][qd:b][qe:c]C[Black can let White cross under with 'a', or struggle with 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd]LB[qc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. White can still connect his stones.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qb])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[rc]))
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[od];B[pf];W[pe];B[qe];W[oe];B[qg];W[rf];B[rg];W[of];B[pg];W[rc];B[re]
;W[jc]C[White has the corner, and the three Black stones under attack.])
(;B[qe]LB[pe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with the tricky tesuji of 'a'. White 'b' looks standard, but is a mistake.]N[(c)]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qd];W[od])
(;W[pf]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[od]C[The two White stones have aji.];W[rd];B[re];W[rc]LB[qb:a][rb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rb]C[Black has nowhere to go.])
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[qb]))))
(;W[od]C[White 8 is not recommended. White faces trouble]N[not good (b)];B[oe];W[pe];B[oc];W[pc]LB[qd:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is obvious, and a mistake.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[nc];B[nd]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)])
(;W[oc]C[White 16 is a mistake, though not obviously so.]N[hamete: mistake (b)];B[qc];W[qb];B[rb];W[ra];B[rc];W[qe];B[re];W[rf];B[sd];W[sb];B[pa]C[Black 27 seals White's fate.]
))
(;B[nd]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qd]LB[od:a]C[Black could connect ('a') or play a ko.];B[od];W[pb]C[White steals the corner.]))))
(;B[lb]N[(c)];W[mb]LB[nb:a][kb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[md];B[nc];W[kb];B[ma]LB[kd:a]C[White plays 'a' to consolidate, or plays elsewhere, taking the moves as forcing moves. Regardless, Black has played submissively.];W[kd])
(;B[kb]LB[pc:a][nc:b][md:c]C[White plays 'a' to keep the situation fluid (and more difficult for Black). White 'b' and 'c' follow the proverb of 'extend from a cross-cut', but do not work as well.]N[not good (b)];W[pc]))))
(;B[nc]LB[rd:a][qc:b][qd:c][lc:d]C[Black 3 is solid and defensive. White continues with 'a' to 'd'.

d4, c3, b2, a1]N[keima (knight's move) (c)]
(;W[rd]LB[qc:a][qh:b][qg:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]LB[qi:a][pe:b][lc:c][rc:d]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' and 'd' are given to illustrate Black responses.]N[(a)]
(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[dp]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[lc];B[rc]C[Black 9 is necessary.])
(;W[pe]LB[od:a][qd:b]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;B[od]N[(a)]C[Black 7 is a bit submissive, but the outcome is roughly equal.];W[rc];B[rb];W[qd];B[pb];W[qi])
(;B[qd]N[guzumi (good empty triangle) (b)];W[rc];B[rb];W[od];B[oc];W[qe];B[pb];W[qj]C[The extension of White 14 is necessary.]))
(;W[lc]LB[rc:a][dp:b]C[White 6 is not joseki, but may make strategic sense. Black continues with 'a'; Black cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]N[not joseki (c)]
(;B[rc]C[Black 7 may seem submissive, but is necessary to live in the corner.]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)];W[rc]LB[rb:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[pb]LB[qb:a][ob:b]C[The obvious move is Black 'a'. Black 'b' looks like a tesuji, but the result is not good for Black.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[oc];B[od];W[nb]C[Black has had his corner hollowed out, and must flee to the center.])
(;B[ob]N[(b)];W[qb];B[ra];W[pc];B[qd];W[od];B[pe]LB[oc:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a', or, having a favorable ladder to the lower left corner (forget Black 7), White may play 'b'.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[re];W[of])
(;W[oe]C[White must have the ladder to the lower left corner to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pf];W[qe]LB[oc:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[pg])
(;B[pg]C[Black 21 is untenable.]N[mistake (b)];W[oc]C[Black's position is terrible.]))))
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[ld];B[rb]LB[lb:a]C[White 'a' is still sente.])))
(;W[rc]C[White 6 is not joseki.]N[not joseki (d)];B[kc]C[Black must extend to ensure life.]))
(;B[qh]C[Black 5 is a powerful move, and works well with Black 3.]N[(b)];W[qc]LB[qe:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[qe]LB[re:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. 

White 'a' is tough-minded, giving White an equal result (a White corner and access to the outside). 

White 'b' gives Black a slightly favorable result (Black thickness versus a small White corner). ]N[(a)]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[pf];W[oe]LB[rf:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[qd];B[qg]LB[oc:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[nd];W[od];B[ob]C[The joseki ends.]LB[ne:a][nf:b];W[ne]C[Continued local play.];B[ld])
(;W[od]N[mistake (b)];B[oc]C[White loses his eye shape.]))
(;B[qd]LB[re:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[re]LB[pc:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[qg]LB[pg:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[ph];B[nf];W[pi];B[ng];W[rh])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[ph]LB[of:a]C[Black later aims to play 'a'.]))
(;B[rf]C[Black 13 is a mistake, an act of impatience.]N[mistake (b)];W[oc];B[od];W[nd];B[qg];W[pc];B[qf];W[mc];B[ne];W[md]C[White gets considerable profit, while Black position is somewhat unresolved, as White's two stones still have aji.]))
(;W[od]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[oc];B[pb];W[pg];B[rf];W[of];B[re]LB[ob:a]C[Black can play 'a' to connect to Black 3 because 3 was the knight's move, not the one-space jump. White having to add a stone at 'a' to complete his thickness is painful. The result is a Black success.])))
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[pf];W[rf];B[pg]))
(;B[pc]LB[pf:a][of:b]C[Black 7 is a mistake.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay, leaving White subject to being cut in two.]N[mistake (b)]
(;W[pf]C[White 8 is the best way to avoid being sealed in. White 8 may seem slow, but other moves leave weaknesses for Black to exploit.]N[(a)])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[qd];W[rc];B[pf];W[pg];B[rf])))
(;B[qg]LB[pg:a][rg:b]C[Black 5 is a Korean innovation. 

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.
]N[(c)]
(;W[pg]C[White 6 is the only feasible continuation.]N[(a)];B[qh]LB[pf:a][rf:b][pe:c][ph:d]C[White can now connect at 'a', descend to 'b', play at 'c' or further force at 'd'. 

White 'd' is not recommended.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qc]LB[pj:a]C[White can continue with 'a' as an attack on the two Black side stones. White 'a' works well with a White presence at the bottom right.];W[pj]LB[rf:a]C[Black is satisfied to have played in the corner and on the side. 

Black 'a' is sente, though it solidifies White's thickness.

If later he can play at 'a', 1 is ideally placed. White can attack with 10, which works particularly well if he has thickness at the bottom, but Black doesn't necessarily need to fear that fight, since 'a' is sente.];B[rf];W[re];B[sg];W[pe]LB[pi:a][rj:b][qj:c]C[Black may continue with 'a' to 'c'.]
;B[pi];W[oi];B[qj];W[pk];B[rl])
(;W[rf]LB[ph:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to emphasize the right side, or 'b' to take the corner.]N[(b)]
(;B[ph]LB[of:a][qc:b]C[White can now defend the cutting point with 'a' or take the corner with 'b'. White 'a' gives Black a chance to build thickness toward the bottom right.]N[(a)]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[qc];W[oh];B[oi];W[nh];B[ni]C[Because he’s already safe in the corner, Black can continue to build influence.])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[nh]LB[og:a][pf:b]C[Black keeps 'a' and 'b' in reserve.]))
(;B[qc]C[Black can also immediately take the corner.]N[(b)];W[ph];B[qi];W[pe]C[Black ends in sente.
]LB[dp:a][qd:b];B[dp]C[Black plays elsewhere.];W[od]C[White forces. This play should be made fairly early.];B[oc];W[qd];B[pc]
))
(;W[pe]LB[qc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[od];B[oc];W[qd];B[pc]LB[rf:a]C[The difference of this sequence and White playing at 'a' and Black at 9, is that White can immediately play the forcing sequence from 10 to 13.])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[rc]LB[oe:a][rf:b]C[White 10 is feasible. 

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[qe];B[of];W[pc];B[od];W[ob]C[The result is a roughly equal trade-off of Black thickness for White territory.])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[re];B[qe];W[pf];B[rg];W[od]LB[qb:a][pb:b]C[White captures the three Black stones. If Black 'a', White 'b'.];B[qb];W[pb])))
(;W[ph]LB[qi:a][rf:b]N[not good (d)]C[White 8 is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[qc]C[White opts for the corner, leaving the two White stones in peril.];B[pf];W[rf];B[of]LB[og:a]C[The thinking behind this variation, first exchanging White 6 for Black 7 before switching to the corner, is that Black cannot immediately catch the White stones in a ladder at 'a'.  Nonetheless, White cannot immediately pull out the two stones.])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qe];B[qj];W[pi];B[rk];W[qc];B[re];W[qd];B[pc]LB[rb:a][pb:b][ne:c]CR[pf]C[The sequence ends.

Black currently has one eye in the corner. Playing White 'a' gives White two eyes in the corner, but the move is desparately small. If White is trying to make two eyes in the corner, White 'b' leads to a ko. 

Locally, White 'c' covers the cut at the red dot, but may not be the best strategic play.]

(;W[rb]C[White to live in the corner. This should not be played immediately: White should be able to make eyes in the center]N[(a)];B[pb];W[sc])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[ob];W[rb];B[pa];W[qa])
(;W[ne]N[(c)]))))
(;W[rg]C[Black 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rf]LB[pg:a][qh:b]C[White 'a' yields a large corner to Black. White must have the ladder to play 'a'.

White 'b' leaves White in a low position.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qh];W[rh];B[qe];W[pf];B[re];W[qi]LB[qc:a]C[White cannot live in the corner by playing 'a'.];B[pp]C[Black plays elsewhere (not breaking the ladder).];W[qc]C[This shows that White cannot live in the corner.];B[ob]C[Black 17 kills White.]
;W[rb];B[sc];W[pb];B[sd];W[sb];B[qa];W[pa];B[ra])
(;W[qh]N[(b)];B[pg];W[re];B[pf];W[sf]C[This sente sequence is good enough for Black.]))))
(;W[qc]LB[qj:a]C[White may play this way when Black has a pincer at 'a'. Otherwise, White would not prefer to crawl into such a small space.]N[uchikomi (invasion) (b)];B[qd];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[ob]LB[nb:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b' if White has support at top.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[oc];B[od]LB[pc:a][dp:b][nd:c]C[White continues with 'a', or dies ('b', playing elsewhere). White can only cut at 'c' with support at top to quickly capture the two black stones.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[me])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a fatal mistake. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]LB[oa:a][pb:b][pc:c]
(;B[oa]LB[qa:a][pb:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' work.]N[(a)]
(;W[qa]N[(a)];B[sd];W[sb];B[ra];W[rb];B[pb])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[sd]))
(;B[pb]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 14 is a mistake.];W[pc];B[oa];W[qb];B[pa];W[qa];B[na];W[sb]LB[ra:a][sd:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[pc]C[Black 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[pb]LB[ra:a][sb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;B[ra]N[(a)];W[qa];B[rb];W[sb]LB[oa:a][sd:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[sb]N[(c)];W[rb]))))
(;B[oc]AW[jc]C[Black 11 makes sense if White has a stone as shown.]N[(b)];W[nb]LB[mc:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)])
(;B[pf]AB[qj]C[Black 13 works well with support at right as shown.]N[(b)];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[oj]C[Black has a great position.])))
(;W[qd]N[(c)];B[qc];W[rc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[rb:a][qe:b]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[re];B[sc];W[pe];B[od]LB[rd:a][sd:b]C[White continues with 'a' to solidify, or 'b' to fight the ko.]
(;W[rd]N[connect (a)];B[pb])
(;W[sd]N[ko (b)]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[rd];B[re];W[pe];B[rf];W[pf];B[rg];W[pc];B[od];W[pb];B[og];W[qh];B[qg]
;W[pg];B[ph];W[oh];B[pi];W[of];B[ng];W[nf];B[mf];W[mg];B[nh];W[me];B[lf];W[ne]
;B[le];W[md];B[lc];W[ld];B[kd];W[mc];B[lb];W[nb]))
(;W[lc]LB[rd:a][qe:b]C[Depending upon circumstances, Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[pincer (d)]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[qi])
(;B[qe]AW[qi]C[Black 5 is effective if White has an extension as shown.]N[tsuke (attach) (a)];W[pf];B[ne];W[re];B[rd];W[rf]C[The joseki concludes.];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. 

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is mischief-making of a high order.]N[Black tenuki]LB[sd:a][rc:b]
(;W[sd]LB[rc:a][sc:b]N[(a)]C[In yose (toward the endgame).

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' leave aji.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[sc];B[sb];W[se]LB[qb:a][rb:b]C[Black plays at 'a' or 'b'.];B[qb])
(;B[sc]C[Black 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[se];W[qc];B[qd]C[White has considerable opportunity.]))
(;W[rc]C[White 12 is risky business. White should not be able to succeed.]N[mischievious (b)];B[sd];W[qc];B[qd];W[ob];B[nb];W[oc];B[od]LB[ra:a][pc:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither should work.]
(;W[ra]N[(a)];B[sb];W[sc];B[oa]C[White cannot live.])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pa];W[oa];B[sc];W[sb];B[rb];W[ra];B[qb])))))
(;B[pf]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (d)]LB[pg:a][pe:b]C[The aim of this joseki is to make shape quickly. The approach is defensive.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[pg]LB[of:a][qe:b][og:c]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is an overplay.]
(;B[of]LB[qe:a][qd:b][re:c][qc:d][pc:e]N[tsuke-nobi (attach & extend) (a)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'. White 'd' is a special case when Black has support at top. White 'e' is a trick play.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[qd]LB[qj:a][qh:b][og:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[jc]LB[pe:a][nc:b][rd:c][mc:d][lc:e][kd:f]C[The obvious White 'a' is a mistake. 

White invades with 'b'.

White 'c' is an attempt to complicate the situation to fool a weaker player.

The invasions of White 'd' and 'e' are not as good as 'b'.]
(;W[pe]C[White 10 illustrates the outside turn to the cut, a mistake.]N[soto-magari (outside turn): mistake (a)];B[oe];W[od];B[nd];W[oc];B[rd]LB[qg:a][re:b]C[Black 15 is the vital point.

White 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations. Painful.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[nc];W[pb];B[nb];W[rb];B[pc];W[ob];B[qb];W[qa];B[qc];W[pa];B[ra];W[sa]
;B[na])
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[rh];B[nc];W[pb];B[nb];W[rb];B[qb];W[qc];B[pc];W[ob]
;B[rc];W[qa];B[oa];W[qc];B[se]))
(;W[nc]C[White 10 is the vital point for invasion.]N[uchikomi (invasion)];B[oc]LB[nd:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.

With White 'a', Black builds influence on the left. With White 'b', Black takes the corner.]
(;W[nd]N[tachi (stand) (a)];B[pe];W[kd];B[jd];W[ke];B[je];W[kf];B[ig])
(;W[md]N[kosumi (diagonal) (b)];B[nd];W[nb];B[je];W[ob];B[pb]LB[mf:a][qb:b][ne:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[rd])
(;W[qb]N[trick (b)]C[White 18 is a trick play.]LB[qg:a]
(;B[qg]LB[qh:a][rg:b][pa:c]C[Black 19 foils the trick play. Black 19 is a sacrifice play.
White may try 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qh]N[(a)]C[Black 19 becomes a sacrifice.];B[rg];W[rh];B[og];W[ph];B[oa]C[White will have trouble taking care of the invading stones at top.

White cannot connect by playing 'a' because of Black 19 and 21.]LB[rd:a];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[qc])
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[qh];W[rh];B[oa];W[qc];B[pc];W[rd];B[rc]C[Black 27 prevents White from crossing under.])
(;W[pa]N[(c)];B[qh]))
(;B[oa]C[White 19 is a mistake. White has been tricked.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[pc];W[rd];B[mc];W[ne];B[od];W[lc];B[mb];W[lb];B[na];W[le]LB[ng:a][nb:b]C[Black either has to escape with 'a', or make two eyes in gote with 'b'.]
))
(;W[ne]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[od];W[qb];B[pa];W[qc];B[rb]N[suji]C[Black 23 is a (te)suji.];W[rc];B[rd];W[sd]LB[sb:a][se:b][re:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]

(;B[sb]N[(a)];W[sc];B[re])
(;B[se]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 27 is a mistake. White gets a ko.];W[sb];B[ra];W[re])
(;B[re]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 27 is a mistake. White will be able to connect at top.];W[ra];B[sb];W[pc]))))
(;W[rd]C[White 10 is a feint.]N[not good (c)];B[rc];W[pe];B[oe];W[od];B[nd];W[oc]LB[pb:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)]LB[ob:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pc];W[mc];B[ld];W[lc];B[kd];W[jb];B[ib];W[kb];B[ic];W[mb])
(;W[pc]N[mistake (b)]C[White 18 is a mistake.];B[qc];W[ob];B[nb];W[qb];B[nc];W[pa];B[rb];W[ra];B[re];W[sd];B[se]
;W[rf];B[sc];W[qh];B[na];W[oa]LB[mf:a][sa:b]C[Black 'a' to protect against the cut, or 'b' to provoke a ko to settle the corner.]
(;B[mf]LB[sa:a]C[The corner becomes a seki (unless Black 'a', forcing the ko).]N[(a)])
(;B[sa]C[Black forces a ko to resolve the corner with Black 35.]N[ko (b)])))
(;B[re]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[sd];W[pc];B[rd];W[rf]))
(;W[mc]C[As an invasion, White 10 misses the mark. White heads for trouble.]N[uchikomi (invasion): not good (d)];B[oc];W[le];B[je];W[lg];B[nh])
(;W[lc]N[uchikomi (invasion): not good (e)];B[nc];W[le];B[je];W[lg];B[nh])
(;W[kd]N[katatsuki (shoulder-hit): mistake (f)];B[jd];W[ke];B[lb];W[mc];B[lc];W[md];B[oc]C[Both Black groups are secure, while White is heavy. Black can continue profitably harrassing White.]))
(;W[qh]N[(b)];B[nd]C[Black must answer with 9.];W[lc];B[jc]LB[oc:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[nc];W[nb]LB[od:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pb];B[mc];W[mb];B[ld];W[kc];B[kd];W[jb];B[ib];W[kb];B[ic])
(;B[mb]C[Black 15 is a tough-minded move.]N[tough (b)];W[ob];B[mc];W[od];B[pe];W[ne];B[me];W[nf];B[og]))
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[je]LB[oc:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[od];W[nb]LB[pb:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[lg];B[nh])
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[pb];B[pc];W[ob];B[mc];W[mb];B[lb];W[kb];B[ld];W[kc];B[kd];W[jb];B[ic]
))
(;W[nb]C[White 14 is timid.]N[mistake (b)];B[oc];W[ob];B[pb])))
(;W[og]N[(c)];B[ng]LB[qi:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[nf]C[White 10 starts a disadvantageous fight with the cut.]N[kiri: not good (b)];B[nd];W[mf];B[nh];W[qi];B[ld]C[The prospects for the two White stones are not good.])))
(;W[qd]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[re];B[pe];W[rg]LB[qc:a][og:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. Black 'b' first is out of order.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[og];W[ph];B[jc];W[pc]LB[rc:a]C[White 16 illustrates why Black 15 should be so wide. White must play 16 before supporting stones ruin the opportunity (where Black pushes White out toward the top where White cannot make life).

The difference between White 16 and White 'a' is over twenty points.]N[kiri];B[oc];W[pb]LB[ob:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', unless there are supporting stones for the tough move of 'b'.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[qb];B[je])
(;B[qb]AB[je][lf]C[Black 19 can be played with support such as the black stones shown.]N[(b)];W[ob];B[nb];W[nc];B[pa];W[od];B[oa];W[oc];B[mb]C[The White stones cannot escape.]))
(;W[og]C[In the local context, White 12 is not good.]N[not good (b)];B[rd]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not good.]))
(;B[og]C[Black 11 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qc];B[ph];W[qg];B[pc];W[oh]))
(;B[qc]LB[qe:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[qi];B[jc])
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[rd];W[qe];B[rc]LB[qj:a][pe:b][pc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also possible, though it give Black superior thickness. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[pe]N[(b)]C[White 12 takes the corner, sacrificing thickness.];B[oe];W[pc];B[od];W[oc];B[nc];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob];B[mc];W[qb];B[qg]
;W[rg];B[qh];W[rh];B[se];W[rf];B[qi]C[White will likely have to capture the Black corner stones, thus getting about 15 points. Black's thickness should translate to more.])
(;W[pc]C[White 'c' is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[oc];W[pe];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[nf];B[og];W[ph];B[me];W[ng];B[jd]C[Black can still play a ladder block.]
))))
(;W[re]LB[rd:a][qc:b][qd:c]C[White 6 should not be ignored by Black.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(c)]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[qd];B[qc];W[qe];B[rc];W[qj];B[nd])
(;B[qc]N[(c)];W[qj];B[jc])
(;B[qd]AB[jd]C[Black may play this way with support at top.]N[(c)]))
(;W[qc]AB[jd]LB[qe:a][pc:b][qd:c]N[(d)]C[White may play 6 when Black has a stone at top to prevent Black from solidifying his territory.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)]LB[ob:a][qg:b][pc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is odd. White 'c' is a hopeful mistake.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)]LB[qg:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' is a stronger move.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[mc])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[pb];B[rc];W[rb];B[qd];W[qb];B[mb];W[rd];B[re];W[sc]LB[qg:a]C[Black no longer has to play 'a'.]))
(;W[qg]N[mistake (b)]C[White 8 is a mistake. The invasion of White 6 is lost.];B[pc];W[re];B[qd];W[rd];B[rc])
(;W[pc]N[mistake (c)]LB[nc:a][oc:b]C[White 8 hopes for a Black hane, but Black has a better play. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', the hane, is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]C[Black 9 seals White in building thickness.]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob];B[mc]LB[rd:a][qg:b]C[Black 'a' is sente, so White cannot aim at connecting at 'b'.])
(;B[oc]C[White 9 is a mistake.]N[hane: mistake (b)];W[ob];B[nb];W[qd]C[Black has too many cutting points.];B[nd];W[re];B[pe];W[qg])))
(;B[pc]N[(b)]C[Black 7 gives up considerable territory, but is consistent in emphasis (the top). Black ends in sente. If a handicap game, keeping situations simple is a good approach.];W[qd];B[qe];W[re];B[pe]LB[rg:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[og];W[ph])
(;W[qg]N[mistake (b)]LB[rf:a][og:b]C[White 12 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' fails.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[rd];B[og];W[pi];B[oh];W[qj])
(;B[og]LB[rf:a]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 13 is a mistake. Black fails to take advantage of a good opportunity by first cutting at 'a'.];W[qb];B[pb];W[oh]LB[rf:a]C[White has a much better position (than the other variation where Black cuts at 'a' first rather than Black 13).];B[rf]C[The cut of Black 17 no longer works.];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf])))
(;B[qd]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[pc];B[oc];W[ob]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]N[nobi (extend) (a)];W[nb];B[mc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe]C[Black gote, & White 2 still has aji.

Black's stones are very inefficiently placed.])
(;B[nb]N[nidan-osae (2-step block): mistake (b)];W[rd]C[Black does not have a good reply.])))
(;W[pc]N[trick (e)]AB[jd]LB[qe:a][oc:b]C[White hopes for a Black mistake ('b'). White continues with 'a'.]
(;B[qe];W[oc]LB[mc:a][qc:b]C[Black best continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is less advantageous.]N[(a)]
(;B[mc]LB[nd:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[md];W[ne];B[lf];W[mg];B[og]C[Keeping White under attack automatically lets Black take the right side.])
(;W[mb]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb];W[nc];B[lb]C[White is better off with the other variation.]))
(;B[qc]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qb];B[rc];W[lc]C[White gets an adequate position. Black is dissatisfied.]))
(;B[oc]C[Black falls into the trap.]N[hamari (tricked) (b)];W[qc];B[qe];W[ob]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' only makes matters worse.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc])
(;B[nb]C[Black compounds the mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[re]C[A lot of cutting points, but Black is the one being cut for a loss.]))))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[of];B[pe]LB[og:a][qg:b][rf:c][rg:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' is less preferable to 'c'. ]
(;W[og]N[(a)]LB[qg:a][rg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[qh];B[rf];W[rg]LB[nd:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', connecting, is timid.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)])
(;B[qf]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nd]C[White has the good point that Black should have taken.];B[rh];W[ri];B[sg];W[qi]))
(;B[rg]LB[nd:a][rh:b]C[Black 9 is not recommended. White should ignore Black 9 and play 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[qi]C[Black has a low position. White 10 is the prime spot.])
(;W[rh]N[mistake (b)]C[White 10 is a mistake.];B[rf];W[qh];B[nd])))
(;W[qg]LB[nd:a][og:b][mc:c]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[qk];B[jc]C[The joseki concludes.];W[qc]C[This demonstrates that the corner is safe from invasion.]N[White uchikomi (invasion)];B[pb];W[rd];B[re];W[pc];B[oc];W[qb];B[ob]C[White cannot live in the corner.]N[White dies]
;W[rb];B[qa]LB[ra:a][sc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[og]C[The cut of Black 9 is a severe move.]N[kiri (cut) (b)];W[nf];B[oh];W[qj];B[nd])
(;B[mc]C[Black 9 leaves aji in the corner.]N[mistake (c)];W[qk];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[pc]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[oc]C[White cannot be caught.])
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[qc]LB[nd:a][rd:b][ob:c]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[nd]C[Black defends against the cut.]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[rb]N[White lives])
(;B[rd]C[Black goes for the kill (but can't get it).]N[(b)];W[ob];B[nc];W[rc];B[nb];W[pa])
(;B[ob]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 14 is a mistake that could easily cost Black the game.];W[re];B[rd];W[qd];B[rf];W[se];B[sf];W[od]C[Black is captured.];B[sd];W[re];B[se];W[oe]
;B[re];W[rc]))))
(;W[rf]N[(c)]LB[og:a][re:b]C[White 8 is very territory oriented, a play to make when the center is unimportant.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[ph]LB[nf:a][oh:b]C[Black continues safely with 'a', or provokes a fight with 'b'.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[oh]LB[ng:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ng]LB[re:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qc])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[rd];B[jc]))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[re]C[One must consider carefully the timing of White 14.];B[rd];W[qc]C[White 16 is a tesuji to start a living group in the corner.];B[qd];W[rc];B[sd];W[ob];B[mb]C[Black 21 is a severe checking move.];W[ra]C[White 22 is the vital point for White to live.];B[oc]
;W[nb];B[nc];W[pc];B[lc]))
(;B[oh]N[fight (b)]LB[nf:a][pi:b]C[Black 11 is a fighting move.  White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is submissive.]
(;W[nf]LB[pi:a][oi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[pi]N[(a)];W[oi]C[The outcome of the fight is unpredictable.])
(;B[oi]C[Black cannot get a favorable result playing 13 here.]N[not good (b)];W[pi]))
(;W[pi]C[White 12 is submissive.]N[weak (b)];B[nf])))
(;B[re]C[Black 9 cedes no territory to White.]N[(b)];W[og];B[md];W[qi]MA[qg]C[White 12 protects against the cut at the marked spot. The result favors Black]))
(;W[rg]LB[og:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(d)]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[ph];B[nf])
(;B[re]N[(b)]C[Black cedes no territory.];W[og];B[rf];W[qg]LB[me:a][pk:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', another extension at top, or plays elsewhere.]
(;B[me]C[Black 13 is the obvious extension; having secured territory, balancing with a move emphasizing influence.]N[(a)])
(;B[pk]C[Black 13 is played with support at bottom right, or as an invasion.]N[(b)]))))
(;B[og]N[(c)];W[pe];B[of]LB[qd:a][qe:b][oe:c]C[White 'a' and 'b' lead to the same result. White 'c' is bold.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[oe];W[qe];B[pc];W[ph])
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[oe];W[qd];B[pc];W[ph])
(;W[oe]N[(c)]LB[qe:a][qd:b]C[White 'c' looks like an overplay, but is playable.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[qd];B[re];W[rd];B[rf];W[qg];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb]LB[pc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[od];W[ne];B[sc];W[qb];B[sd];W[qc];B[oc];W[ob];B[qa];W[pb];B[nc]LB[nb:a][oh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is ridiculous.]

(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[mc];W[rg])
(;W[oh]C[White 30 is a game-losing mistake.]N[(b)];B[mf];W[nf];B[ng];W[mg];B[nh];W[ni];B[mh];W[lg];B[me]))
(;W[qb]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[pc];W[sb];B[pb];W[ra];B[ne]))
(;B[qd]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[oh]N[mistake (b)];B[ph];W[qg];B[qe])))))
(;W[pe]N[hanekomi (wedge in-between) (b)]LB[oe:a][qe:b]C[White 4 is a trick play. White must have the ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a' if the ladder favors White, or 'b' with a favorable ladder.]
(;B[oe]C[Black plays 5 here when the ladder favors White.]N[White ladder (a)];W[qe]LB[od:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pg];B[of];W[qd];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[qb];B[pc]LB[rd:a][sb:b]C[White continues safely with 'a', or provokes a fight with 'b'.]
(;W[rd]C[White 16 is safe.]N[safe (a)];B[pb];W[qj];B[jc])
(;W[sb]C[White 16 is a tough move.]N[tough (b)];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[ra];B[qi];W[og];B[rh];W[ng];B[ld]C[Black has solid footing for the fight ahead, while White's three stones are floating in the center.]))
(;B[qd]C[Black 7 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];W[od]TR[rd]CR[of]LB[nd:a]C[Black would like to play down from 7 (the triangle), but the red marked spot is a double atari, so Black must continue at 'a'.];B[nd];W[oc];B[nc];W[pb]C[White 12 is the tesuji that gives White the advantage.];B[nb];W[qc]
;B[rd];W[rc]C[Black ends up being captured.]))
(;B[qe]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[oe];B[qd];W[qg];B[nd];W[ne];B[me];W[od];B[oc];W[og];B[md]C[The result, Black territory and thickness, greatly favors Black.])))
(;B[qh]LB[qc:a][of:b][ph:c]N[ikken basami (1-space low pincer) (e)]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' is not recommended, but covered in variation 2. There are of course positions in which White is reluctant to invade at the 3-3 point, and so has no choice but to jump to 'b'.

White 'c' is possible given White support in the lower right or center.]
(;W[qc]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[White enters at the 3-3 point in the overwhelming majority of cases. The one-space jump common with amatuers is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black needs support at the top to play 'b'.]N[uchikomi (invasion) (a)]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[od:a][rc:b][oc:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' represents a change in strategy from influence to territory. Black 'c' is a mistake, leaving one or more cutting points in Black's shape.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc];B[me];W[mc])
(;B[rc]N[(b)]C[Black 7 emphasizes territory, a change in original strategy.];W[rb];B[rd]LB[oc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[pf];W[lc])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[od];W[mb];B[pg]))
(;B[oc]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 7 is a mistake. See variation 3-1-7-1-1-2 for continuations.]))
(;B[pc]AB[jd]C[Black 5 when a supporting stone at top exists.]N[(b)];W[qd];B[pe]LB[rf:a][qb:b][pf:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[og])
(;W[qb]N[(b)]LB[pf:a][og:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[rf]LB[oh:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[pb];B[nc];W[nb];B[mb];W[oc];B[od];W[ob];B[mc])
(;B[pb]N[(b)]))
(;B[og]N[not good (b)]LB[pb:a][dp:b]C[Black 9 is not recommended. White continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere is not recommended.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, not recommended.]N[White tenuki; not good (b)];B[pb];W[rf]C[White 12 is submissive, but now necessary.])))
(;W[pf]N[(c)]C[White 8 was common when this pattern first appeared.];B[qe];W[re]LB[rd:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rd]N[kiri (cut) tesuji]LB[rc:a][rf:b]C[Black 11 is the tesuji for this situation.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b', letting Black capture the two stones, is insufferable.]
(;W[rc]C[White 12 is the only move.]N[(a)];B[rf];W[sd]LB[of:a][rg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[rg];B[pg];W[sf];B[qg];W[rf];B[ng])
(;B[rg]N[(b)]C[Black 15 is a strong move.];W[of];B[pb];W[qb];B[md];W[oh];B[pj]))
(;W[rf]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc]))
(;B[rf]N[mistake (b)]C[Under ordinary circumstances, Black 11 is a mistake.];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf]C[White gladly abandons the two corner stones.];B[rc];W[nf]C[Black 3 not looks silly.]))))
(;W[of]C[In principle, jumping out at 4 is not recommended. ]N[not good: tobi-dashi (jump out) (b)];B[nd]LB[oh:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oh]N[(a)];B[qe];W[rf];B[qj];W[mf])
(;W[pi]C[The sequence from White 6 on is the same as with the one-space pincer in conjunction with the 3-4 stone.]N[(b)];B[qe];W[rf];B[qi];W[pj];B[ph];W[oh];B[qj];W[pk];B[ql]C[Black' s result is adequate.];W[pg]))
(;W[ph]N[(c)]LB[pi:a][qi:b]C[White 4 attacks Black 3. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.
]
(;B[pi]LB[pg:a][oh:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[ue tsuke (attach on top) (a)]
(;W[pg]N[hiki (draw back) (a)];B[oi]CR[qi]C[Black 7 may not be the best move, depending upon circumstances, as it leave White the marked cutting point.];W[nd]C[Given the circumstances, the severity of White 8 brings into question the wisdom of the original pincer of Black 3.];B[ne];W[qc]N[uchikomi (invasion)]LB[pc:a][qd:b]C[White 10 is nice timing. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[qd];B[pe]LB[qi:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[me];W[pb]LB[rl:a]C[White is satisfied that Black blocking at 'a' has lost value.])
(;W[qi]N[overplay (b)]C[White 14 is an overplay. But the outcome is not necessarily disavantageous to White.];B[qe];W[re];B[rd];W[rc];B[rf];W[sd];B[rg];W[me];B[oh];W[kc]C[Black settles his top stones.];B[nf]
;W[fq]C[And White ends in sente to play elsewhere.]))
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[od];B[pc];W[oe];B[nb];W[mc]))
(;W[oh]N[nobi (extend) (b)];B[qg];W[pf]LB[nd:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' is territory oriented.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[oe]LB[od:a][qc:b]C[White 10 protects against the cut.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rf]LB[qi:a][qc:b]C[White later aims at the cut of 'a' or invasion of 'b'.])
(;B[qc]C[Black 11 protects against later invasion.]N[(b)];W[pk];B[oi];W[ni];B[oj]C[Black 13 is a suji for getting access to the center.];W[mh]))
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[qd];B[qc];W[od];B[oc];W[pe];B[pc];W[pk])))
(;B[qi]LB[of:a][nd:b]C[Black plays 5 with support down the right side.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[of]N[(a)]C[This variation is from Cho Chikun vs. Yoda Norimoto, 1999 Meijin title game 1.];B[nd];W[pi];B[pj];W[qj]C[Depending on the situation, other moves are possible besides White 10.];B[rj]AB[qn]C[For Black 11 to make sense, Black must have support such as shown.];W[qk];B[rk];W[ql];B[oj]
;W[ni];B[rl];W[nj];B[pl];W[qc];B[qd];W[rd];B[pc];W[rb];B[qb];W[rc];B[kc])
(;W[nd]N[(b)]C[White 6 looks a bit inconsistent, a seeming change of direction toward the top from the emphasis on the right of White 4.

This variation is from Wang Lei vs. Zhou Heyang, 1996 All Chinese Championship.];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[qg];B[qe];W[pi];B[qj];W[pj];B[qk];W[mi];B[me]
;W[kc];B[ke];W[ki];B[mc];W[hc]))))
(;B[ph]LB[of:a][qc:b]N[ikken takabasami (1-space high pincer) (f)]MA[jd]C[Unknown in classical Go, Black 3 shows a modern approach to fuseki.

White plays 'a' or 'b'.

With an extension the marked spot, Black would welcome the invasion of 'b'.
]
(;W[of]C[White 4 is the most common response.]N[tobi (jump) (a)];B[nd]LB[rd:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rd]LB[qc:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rh];B[jc])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qc]LB[mf:a][pk:b][oh:c]C[White continues with 'a', 'b' or 'c'.]))
(;W[qc]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qd];W[rd];B[re];W[rc]LB[rf:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rf]LB[ob:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[ob];B[qg])
(;W[qg]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qh];W[rg];B[qe];W[ob];B[rh]
(;W[sg]N[(a)];B[og])
(;W[og]N[(b)];B[sg])))
(;B[qe]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob];B[qg]LB[rf:a]C[White has the aji of 'a' later.])))
(;W[qc]N[(b)]LB[pc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pc];W[qd];B[pe]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pf]LB[qg:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a bit unreasonable.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[pg]N[not good (b)]LB[qg:a][og:b]C[White 10 is an overplay.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[og];B[rg];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[nc])
(;B[og]C[Black 11 is too kind to White.]N[mistake (b)];W[qg];B[oh])))
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[pf];W[qg];B[pg]))
(;B[qd]C[Black 5 is not recommended, as Black 3 is not in good position.];W[pc];B[od];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc]LB[pf:a]C[Black 'a' would make Black somewhat over-concentrated, but doing nothing leaves White open to setting White 2 in motion.])))
(;B[pi]LB[qc:a][of:b][nc:c]N[niken takabasami (2-space high pincer) (g)]C[Black 3 is used most often when Black has an extension at top. 

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. If White does not have an extension at the top, White 'c' is also possible.]
(;W[qc]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 'b' is played when Black has support at top.]N[(a)]
(;B[qd]C[When Black has no extension at top.]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[od:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc];B[pf])
(;B[oc]N[mistake (b)]LB[rc:a][rd:b][ob:c]C[Black 7 is a mistake.

White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[rc]LB[od:a][rd:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd];B[kd]C[Black plays an extension towards the top as shown (11 being just one possible point; others nearby may be preferred). Black may also play elsewhere.

This sequence is very favoable to White.])
(;B[rd]C[Black prevents White's attempt to connect, but at considerable cost.]N[not good (b)];W[od]C[Black has no adequate continuation, as either the Black 7 cutting stone or three Black stones are subject to capture.];B[oe]C[Black gives up on the cutting stone.];W[nd];B[pf];W[nc]C[The result is very favorable to White, as White gains territory and thickness.

White 2 still has aji.]))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[od]LB[pf:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', or descending from 7 is a mistake.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)]C[At this point, Black must submit with 13.];W[nc];B[oe];W[nd])
(;B[nc]N[not good (b)]MA[ob]C[Black 13 or descending from 7 is not good.];W[rf]LB[oe:a][se:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[se];B[pe])
(;B[se]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe]C[Black is doomed.])))
(;W[ob]N[not good (c)]C[White 8 fails to punish Black for playing 7, a missed opportunity.];B[nc];W[nb];B[mc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe])))
(;B[pc]AB[jd]C[When Black has an extension at top.]N[(b)];W[qd];B[pe]LB[qb:a][qe:b][pf:c][qg:d][rg:e]C[White continues with 'a' to 'e'.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[qb]N[(a)]LB[pf:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[qg];B[pg])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[pf];B[of];W[og];B[pg];W[nf]LB[oe:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[rg];B[qg];W[rf];B[qi];W[ng];B[md];W[ni])
(;B[qe]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 15 is a mistake, upsetting Black's strategy of gaining thickness for less than 20 points of territory.];W[oe];B[re])))
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[pf];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[ph];W[qg]LB[ng:a][nh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ng]LB[nh:a][mi:b]C[White hopes later to play 'a', while Black would like to eliminate the White aji with Black 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;B[nh]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ng];B[oi];W[of];B[oh];W[pb];B[ob];W[oc];B[qb];W[od];B[pa];W[oe]
;B[pb];W[nb]))
(;W[pf]N[(c)];B[qe];W[re]LB[rd:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[rc];B[rf];W[sd];B[of]LB[rg:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[og])
(;W[og]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][ng:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qg];B[rg]C[Black 19 is a sacrifice.];W[qh];B[ph];W[ri]LB[nf:a][rj:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is playable, but not recommended.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)]LB[dp:a][qj:b]C[White can play elsewhere ('a'), or continue locally with 'b'.]
(;W[]LB[qj:a][oj:b][pj:c][qk:d][pk:e][ql:f]C[White plays elsewhere. Black 'a' through 'f' are sente.]N[White tenuki (a)]
(;B[qj]LB[rh:a]C[Black 24, otherwise Black plays 'a' and captures the White stones.]N[(a)])
(;B[oj]C[Black 24 is sente.]N[(b)];W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]C[White plays elsewhere; a mistake.];B[rh];W[qi];B[qj];W[rj];B[rk];W[qk];B[sj];W[pj];B[si];W[qj]
;B[ql]))
(;W[qj]N[(b)]C[White 24 eliminates the aji problem of the other variation, but gives Black additional thickness.]AB[pp];B[pj];W[qk];B[pk]LB[ql:a][pl:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]
(;W[ql]N[(a)])
(;W[pl]C[White 28 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[ql];W[qm];B[rk]LB[rl:a][rh:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are both traumatic.]
(;W[rl]N[(a)];B[qi];W[rh];B[rj])
(;W[rj]N[(b)];B[rl];W[rh];B[qn];W[rm];B[pm];W[sk];B[ol];W[sl];B[pl]))))
(;B[rj]N[not good (b)]C[Black 23 is not recommended, as it removes aji of Black sente (see the joseki variation).];W[rh];B[si];W[sf];B[nf]))
(;B[ng]N[(b)]C[Black 17 was invented by Abe against Tozawa in a preliminary round of the 1970 Nihon Ki-in Chamionship.];W[pg]C[Further resistence would be futile, so connecting at 18 is proper.];B[nh]LB[nf:a][oe:b]C[Tozawa played 'a', but 'b' looks like a missed opportunity.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)];B[oe];W[rg];B[mf])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[nf];W[pb]LB[oc:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[ob];B[nc];W[rg]LB[nb:a]C[White 'a' is a good forcing move later.])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[nc];B[od];W[md];B[rg];W[lc]C[The joseki concludes.];B[]N[Black tenuki];W[qh]C[White tries to extract his stones.];B[rh];W[qi];B[ph];W[qg]
;B[qj];W[ri];B[rj])))))
(;B[rf]N[mistake (b)]LB[rg:a][rd:b]C[Black 11 is a mistake.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[rd];W[sf];B[rc];W[nf])
(;W[rd]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[of]C[Black is satisfied that White has let Black overcome the mistake of Black 11.])))
(;W[qg]N[(d)];B[qe];W[re];B[rf];W[rd]LB[pf:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[pg];B[og];W[rg];B[oh])
(;B[pg]N[(b)]LB[pf:a][pb:b]C[The combination of Black 11 and 13 was invented by Shimamura Toshihiro, first played against Takagawa Kaku in game 5 of the 1956 Honinbo title.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pf]N[soto-margari (outside turn) (a)];B[of];W[rg];B[og])
(;W[pb]N[hane (b)]LB[pf:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[ob];B[rg])
(;B[ob]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pf];B[of];W[og];B[rg];W[qh];B[qb];W[ph];B[rh];W[qi];B[rb];W[ri]
;B[rc];W[nf]))))
(;W[rg]N[(e)];B[pf];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[ph];W[qg];B[ng])))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[nd]LB[rd:a][qc:b]C[When Black has no extension at top.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qc]LB[ri:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake.]
(;W[ri]LB[jc:a][mf:b]C[Black plays 'a' if there is no extension, or 'b' if Black already has an extension at top.]N[(a)]
(;B[jc]LB[qi:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. 'b' shows the result of White playing elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;W[qi]C[Continuation.

The large knight's move is thin, so White 10 is worth devoting a move to.]N[(a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (b)]LB[pg:a][qg:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg];W[pf]LB[rh:a][rj:b]C[Black plays 'a' to block White from the lower right side, or 'b' to split White into two groups.]
(;B[rh]C[Black aims to seal White off from the lower right side.]N[(a)];W[qh];B[qi];W[rg];B[rj];W[sh])
(;B[rj]N[(b)]LB[qj:a][rh:b]C[Black aims to separate White into two groups.

Fighting spirit dictates White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is painfully submissive.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[qi];W[rk];B[rh];W[sj];B[qg])
(;W[rh]N[(b)];B[qj])))
(;B[qg];W[rg];B[rf]LB[pg:a]C[Black 12 is a tesuji.

White must decide how best to continue.  White 'a' gives away the corner.];W[pg];B[qe]C[Black takes the corner.])))
(;B[mf]AB[jd]C[Black plays 9 if there is already an extension as shown.]N[(b)]))
(;W[]C[White cannot afford to play elsewhere.]N[mistake: White tennuki (b)];B[pg];W[pf];B[qg];W[rg]C[White 11 is necessary, though it is submissive..];B[rh];W[rf];B[rc];W[mf]))
(;W[qc]C[White 6 was invented by Kitani Minoru in 1956 (Kitani-Shimamura, 1956 2nd Top Position Tournament league).]N[(b)];B[qd];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[ob];B[pg];W[pf];B[rg];W[ni]))
(;W[nc]N[(c)];B[pf]LB[pg:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)]C[White 6 is conventional. ];B[of];W[qc];B[qe];W[pc];B[rf]LB[lc:a][ob:b]C[Black can later play 'a' in sente, aiming at an attack at 'b'.])
(;W[qc]LB[qe:a][pc:b]C[White 6 is a recent Korean innovation.

Black can block at 'a' or at 'b'.]N[uchikomi (invasion) (b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pc];B[qg]C[Black's shape is a bit overconcentrated.])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[qd]LB[pe:a][qe:b]C[Black can simply connect at 'a', which gives White the chance to play a fast-paced fuseki. If Black wants to forestall that, he can also wedge at 'b'.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[qe];B[qg]LB[jd:a][rg:b]C[White can now choose a fast-paced strategy at 'a'. The hane at 'b' emphasises territory, but is a little slack.]
(;W[jd]N[(a)];B[rg];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[oc]C[White now has sente again and can continue his fast-paced strategy.])
(;W[rg]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[rh];W[qh];B[pg];W[ri];B[qi];W[sh];B[kc]C[Black is happy with this result.]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[re];B[pe]LB[rf:a][qg:b][rg:c]C[White 'a', the connection, is the only choice. White 'b' gives away the corner, while White 'c' leads to a painfully low position.]
(;W[rf]LB[pb:a][kc:b]C[Black 'a' is the best tactic to secure territory. Black 'b' leads to an exchange of black influence for white territory.]N[(a)]
(;B[pb]LB[jd:a][qb:b]C[Jumping to 'a' is correct for White. If he blocks at 'b', Black will confine him to the corner.]N[(a)]
(;W[jd]LB[rb:a][qg:b]C[Black 'a' takes away White's base. Black 'b' is not so good: Black can't seal White in.]N[(a)]
(;B[rb]LB[rh:a][pg:b][ri:c]C[The jump to 'a' is White's best option. White 'b' or 'c' leaves him with an inferior position.]N[(a)]
(;W[rh]LB[qg:a][ri:b]C[Black 'a' keeps White out of the center, although White develops good shape. Black 'b' lets White get into the center.]N[(a)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[qh];B[pg];W[qj];B[rg];W[sg];B[ph];W[pj];B[qi];W[rj];B[ri];W[si];B[oj]
;W[ok]C[White can make good shape after 30.])
(;B[ri]N[not good (b)];W[ph];B[qi];W[pg]))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[og];W[ph];B[oh];W[qi];B[qj];W[rh];B[ri];W[qh];B[pj]C[White is sealed in.])
(;W[ri]N[(c)];B[qh];W[rh];B[qg];W[rg];B[qj]C[White's position on the second line is painfully low.]))
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[rg];B[qh];W[qb]))
(;W[qb]N[not good (b)];B[qg];W[jd];B[rg]))
(;B[kc]N[(b)];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[ph];W[qg]LB[ng:a][nh:b]C[Black 'a' is a calm play leading to an even exchange. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ng]N[(a)];W[nh];B[mg];W[mh];B[lg];W[nj]LB[lh:a][pl:b]C[Black builds considerable thickness in exhange for White territory with 'a'. Black 'b' is a tactic to complicate the situation and start a fight in the center of the board.]
(;B[lh]N[(a)];W[pk])
(;B[pl]N[(b)]))
(;B[nh]N[(b)];W[ng];B[oi];W[of]C[Black has no defense against this powerful countertactic.])))
(;W[qg]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[rf];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf];B[rc]C[Black is satisfied to take the corner.])
(;W[rg]C[White 12 is not recommended, as White is too low.]N[not good (c)];B[qg];W[rf];B[kc]C[White is forced to play on the second line three times, after which Black can play the ideal point of 15.]))))))
(;B[qj]LB[qc:a][qd:b][nc:c][nd:d][md:e]C[White continues with 'a' to 'e'.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[sangen basami (3-space low pincer) (h)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is out of the question.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[od:a][rc:b][oc:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc]LB[pf:a][dp:b][nd:c]C[Black solidifies with 'a'. 

Variation 'b' shows the consequence of playing elsewhere. 

Black 'c' builds a grand moyo, but sacrifices too much territory doing so.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[pg]LB[og:a][of:b]C[White attempts mischief. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is no good.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[of];B[nf];W[pe];B[oe]LB[pi:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[pi]N[(a)])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[ph]))
(;B[of]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pi]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[of];B[nd];W[mc];B[md];W[mf];B[ld];W[kf])
(;B[nd]C[Black attempts to build a great moyo, but gives away too much territory.]N[not good (c)];W[mc];B[md];W[ld];B[le];W[kd];B[ke];W[jd]))
(;B[rc]N[(b)]C[Black 7 is not recommended, though may be reasonable with some support at top.];W[rb];B[rd];W[oc];B[od];W[nd];B[ne];W[md];B[pg]LB[me:a]C[Black is reluctant to push at 'a', but it is a good point for White later.];W[me])
(;B[oc]C[Black 7 is a mistake. See variation 3-1-7-1-1-2 for continuations.]N[mistake (c)]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qd];B[pe];W[qg]AB[jd]C[Even with a stone at top as shown, Black should not play this way.]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc];W[pc];B[oc];W[pb];B[qe];W[rd];B[od]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[re];W[rc];B[pf])
(;W[rc]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[ob]LB[pe:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pe];B[oe];W[pf];B[qb];W[rb];B[pa])
(;W[qb]N[not good (b)]LB[pf:a][re:b]C[White 14 is not recommended. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[re];B[pg])
(;B[re]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rf];B[pe];W[se]C[White is not as well contained as the alternate variation.]))))
(;W[nc]LB[nd:a][oe:b][pf:c]N[(c)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'c' is a mistake in direction.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]C[Attaching on the side where there is no pincer is the rule.];W[md]LB[ne:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]LB[oc:a][qc:b][me:c][pc:d]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. 

White 'd' is not recommended.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)]LB[pc:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pc]LB[jc:a][pg:b][re:c][pi:d][od:e]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a'to 'd'. White 'e' is not recommended.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[jc]N[(a)];B[qe])
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[qe]LB[re:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]
(;W[re]LB[pf:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[rf];B[rd]
(;W[ng]LB[pb:a][mf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pb]N[(a)])
(;B[mf]N[(b)];W[kc]LB[pb:a][oj:b]C[Black 'a' is necesary. Playing elsewhere, such as 'b', is a mistake.]
(;B[pb]C[Black must reinforce at 19.]N[(a)])
(;B[oj]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc]C[White gouges out the corner.];B[se];W[qc];B[qd];W[pb])))
(;W[rc]C[White 16 is an attempted trick play. Black continues wtih 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[trick (b)]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[sd];B[mc];W[lc];B[mb];W[ld])
(;B[se]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 17 is a mistake.];W[sc];B[sd];W[qc];B[qd];W[pb])))
(;B[rd]C[Black 13 is vulgar.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[qd];W[ng];B[od];W[kc]))
(;W[pe]N[mistake (b)]C[White 12 is an overplay.];B[re];W[ng];B[od];W[lc];B[me];W[kd];B[lf]))
(;W[re]N[(c)]LB[pe:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[qh];B[kd];W[me];B[mf];W[le];B[rd];W[oh];B[ng];W[rc]C[Continuation. White 20 does not work.]N[not good];B[qe];W[rf]
;B[sd];W[qc];B[rb]C[Black 25 prevents White from connecting underneath.];W[qb];B[pb])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[pe];B[oe];W[qe];B[od];W[kc];B[pg];W[qh];B[oi];W[rc]C[White is sealed in, but there are gaps in Black's shape (aji). 
A White success.]))
(;W[pi]LB[pj:a][qe:b]N[(d)]C[White 10 is a tough move. White intends to lean on Black's pincer stone, aiming to pushing through and cutting off Black 1 & 9.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pj]N[(a)]LB[qi:a][oj:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qi]LB[oj:a][oi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[oj]N[(a)];W[re];B[pe];W[kc];B[oi];W[rc])
(;B[oi]N[not good (b)]C[Black 13 is not recommended.];W[oj]LB[ri:a][oh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ri]N[(a)];W[rh];B[rj];W[pg]CR[od]C[The push through now looms. The cut of White 14 is disagreeable for Black.])
(;B[oh]N[(b)];W[rj];B[rk];W[ri])))
(;W[oj]C[White 12 is a tough-minded move.]N[(b)];B[qi];W[ph];B[qe];W[ok];B[qm]LB[oi:a][kd:b]C[Black aims to cut at 'a' and play the checking extension of 'b'.]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pj];B[kd];W[me];B[mf];W[le];B[pf];W[qk]LB[lb:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[lb]N[(a)]LB[mc:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mc];B[id])
(;W[mb];B[lc];W[mc]))
(;B[lc]N[(b)]LB[mc:a][mb:b]C[White obviously continues with 'a'. White 'b'?]
(;W[mc]N[(a)])
(;W[mb]N[? (b)]C[Yoshio Ishida's Dictionary of Basic Joseki calls this a "well-timed" sequence, but I don't see why.];B[mc];W[kc]))))
(;W[od]C[White 10 is not good.]N[not good (e)];B[pe];W[oe];B[pf];W[of]LB[pg:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)])
(;B[qg]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pg];B[ph];W[og];B[qh];W[pb];B[qb];W[qc]LB[qd:a][ob:b]C[Black must play 'a'. Black 'b' is a fatal mistake.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[rc];B[rd];W[rb];B[rf]C[Black suffers a loss in gote.])
(;B[ob]C[Black 23 loses the game.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[pa];W[qd];B[pb];W[rb]C[Black dies.];B[nb];W[mb];B[ra];W[rc];B[rf]LB[re:a][na:b]C[White can play 'a' or 'b' and win by a move.]
))))
(;B[pf]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 9 is a fearful mistake.];W[pc];B[qe]LB[qg:a]C[White still threatens to extend to 'a' later.]))
(;W[qc]LB[oc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[oc]LB[qd:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[mc];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[qh]C[Black plays a checking extension (post-joseki).];W[qg];B[ph])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[qd];W[rd]LB[nb:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to prevent White connecting underneath. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]LB[rb:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is bad.]N[(a)]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[mb]LB[kc:a][kd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[kd];W[jd];B[lc]C[Black 19 is interesting.];W[ld];B[ke];W[lb];B[me];W[hc]LB[le:a]C[White will not necessarily connect if Black gives atari at 'a'.])
(;W[kd]N[not good (b)]C[White 16 is a not recommended. White plays this way when insecure.];B[kc]LB[jc:a][jd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is weak, but may be reasonable in a global context.]
(;W[jc]N[(a)];B[lc];W[ld];B[jd])
(;W[jd]N[(b)];B[jc])))
(;W[mb]C[White 'b' is inconsistent with White's 3-3 invasion.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[ob];B[pb];W[na];B[pc]C[White loses the corner, and White 2 has no meaning (though aji).]))
(;B[re]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[qe];W[ob]C[White connects underneath.];B[me];W[le];B[lf];W[ke])))
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[oc];W[ob];B[od]LB[mb:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[me];W[ld];B[oj])
(;W[mc]N[(b)]LB[nb:a][me:b]C[Black first cuts at 'a'. Black 'b' immediately is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]C[The sacrifice cut is important; compare to the other variation.]N[(a)];W[pb];B[me];W[kd];B[le];W[jc];B[oj])
(;B[me]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[rd];W[le];B[lf];W[ke]))))
(;W[me]N[(c)];B[oc];W[mc]LB[nf:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or, for fighting, 'b'.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[qc];B[qd];W[rd]LB[nb:a][rb:b][re:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 

Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[rb];B[mb];W[kc];B[mf];W[ke])
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[rc];B[qb];W[qh];B[mf];W[lf];B[lg];W[kf];B[kg];W[jf]C[Black must play 'a'.

Black 'b' looks tempting, but is a mistake. ]LB[nb:a][rg:b]

(;B[nb]N[(a)])
(;B[rg]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rf]LB[nb:a][rh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)]LB[rh:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rh]N[(a)];B[mb];W[kc])
(;W[mb]C[White 28 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qg];W[pg];B[rh]LB[pb:a][ob:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Black is still connected.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[ob])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[pb])))
(;B[rh]C[Black 27 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob]C[White can now connect and capture the two Black stones because of White 26 (from the Black peep of 25 and the pullback of 27).])))
(;B[re]C[Black 15 is inexcusably submissive.]N[mistake (c)];W[rc];B[qe];W[ob]C[White connects underneath.]))
(;B[qd]C[Black 11 starts a fight.]N[(b)];W[nf];B[mf];W[ng];B[lf];W[jd]))
(;W[pc]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (d)];B[oc];W[ob];B[od];W[mb];B[qc];W[pb];B[me];W[ld]LB[ni:a][pg:b]C[Black plays on a large scale with 'a', or the tighter 'b'.]
(;B[ni]LB[qd:a][qb:b]N[(a)]C[White can cut at 'a'. If White plays elsewhere, Black 'b' is big.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[pf])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (b)]C[White plays elsewhere.];B[qb]))
(;B[pg]LB[qd:a][dp:b]C[White continues with the cut of 'a', or by playing elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[pf])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[qb]))))
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[ne];B[od]LB[mc:a][nb:b][of:c][me:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.

White 'd' is a mistake.]
(;W[mc]C[White 10 is suitable for a handicap game, as this leaves White in a difficult position.]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of]LB[re:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[rd];W[qd];B[qc];W[qe];B[rc];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[rh];W[qg];B[oj])
(;W[pi]N[(b)];B[pj];W[oj];B[qi];W[qh];B[ok];W[oi];B[re]))
(;W[nb]N[(b)];B[me]LB[ld:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[nf];W[le];B[oe]LB[rd:a][mg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[lf];W[kf];B[lg]LB[qh:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[oj];W[rb])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[rg];W[rf];B[qg];W[qc];B[ob];W[rb]LB[lb:a][kc:b][jd:c]C[Black continues at 'a', 'b' or 'c']))
(;W[mg]N[(b)];B[re];W[ng];B[og];W[oh];B[ph];W[oi];B[pi];W[oj];B[pk]))
(;W[of]N[mistake (b)]LB[ld:a][mc:b]C[White 12 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ld];W[mc];B[mf];W[kc];B[qe]LB[pg:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[ob]C[Black settles his group, leaving White with two weak groups.])
(;W[rf]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pf];W[pg];B[nf];W[oe];B[og]C[White is caught in a snap-back.]))
(;B[mc]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ld];B[mb];W[mf]C[White gets away; the pincer stone seems a waste.])))
(;W[of]N[(c)];B[mc];W[ld]LB[nb:a][oj:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)])
(;B[oj]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nb]C[White 14 begins a sacrifice squeeze play.];B[lb];W[lc];B[mb];W[kb];B[ob];W[jc]))
(;W[me]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];B[mc];W[lc];B[nb]LB[mb:a][of:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of]C[White is split in two.])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[lb]))))
(;B[oe]N[(b)]C[Black 5 aims for simplicity.];W[qc];B[qd];W[pc]LB[me:a][md:b][pg:c][rc:d]C[Black continues with 'a', or possibly the fighting move of 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended, and Black 'd' is a genuine mistake.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[ld];B[oj])
(;B[md]C[Black 9 provokes a fight.]N[fighting (b)];W[nd];B[ne];W[me];B[kd]LB[mf:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[mc];W[mb];B[lb];W[nb];B[og]LB[pi:a]C[White has the shoulder hit of 'a' to keep the situation unsettled.])
(;W[ld]C[White 14 is not recommended.]N[(b)];B[le];W[mc];B[mf]))
(;B[pg]C[Capturing White 2 by playing Black 9 is too small in the early game. Black becomes over-concentrated.]N[not good (c)];W[od];B[pe];W[ne];B[nf];W[me])
(;B[rc]C[Black 9 is a mistake in direction.]N[mistake (d)];W[rb];B[rd]LB[ne:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nf];W[me];B[pg];W[mf])
(;W[pi]N[(b)]C[White 12 might be a good move in a handicap game.])))
(;B[pf]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 5 is a mistake in direction.

When there are two small knight approach moves, the rule is to attach on the side where there is no pincer, then make full use of the influence of the pincer. The pincer goes to waste playing this direction.];W[pg];B[of];W[qd];B[qe];W[re];B[pe];W[rg];B[qc];W[rd];B[og];W[ph]
;B[jc]C[If Black plays 17...];W[kd]C[...the shoulder hit of White 18 makes Black gain problematic.]))
(;W[nd]LB[pf:a][ne:b][qe:c][oe:d]N[(d)]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' is not recommended.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[pg];B[of];W[qe]LB[od:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[od]N[(a)]LB[rc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rc]LB[nc:a][jd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[mc];B[md];W[ne]LB[ld:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ld]CR[mf]LB[lc:a][oc:b]C[Black aims to capture the stones by playing at the marked spot.

White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work to White's advantage.]N[(a)]
(;W[lc];B[kc];W[kb];B[kd];W[nb];B[oc];W[jb];B[mf])
(;W[oc];B[nb]))
(;B[lc]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mb]LB[nb:a][lb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[lb];B[kc];W[ld];B[me];W[kd]LB[mf:a][jc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[nb];B[oc];W[ld];B[me];W[kd]LB[mf:a][kb:b])))
(;B[jd]N[(b)]LB[og:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[me];W[ng];B[mf])
(;W[nb]N[(b)]LB[qc:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rb];B[mf];W[pb];B[og];W[ph];B[rh];W[rg];B[oj])
(;B[pb]N[(b)]))))
(;W[nc]C[White 10 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[qd];W[qh];B[oj];W[nh];B[me];W[kc];B[oc]C[Black gets a nice corner, and White has two insecure groups on either side.]))
(;B[qd]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 9 is unreasonable.];W[pe];B[oe];W[od]
(;B[rd];W[qh];B[mf];W[pc];B[qc];W[pb];B[qb];W[ld]C[Black needs another move in the corner, but is busy in the center. Not good.])
(;B[qg];W[rd];B[rc];W[re]LB[rg:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[qb]LB[qc:a][rb:b]C[Neither Black 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rb]LB[pb:a][sc:b]C[Neither Black 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[sc];B[pc];W[ob])
(;B[sc]N[(b)];W[pc];B[pb];W[oc];B[sb];W[sd]))
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pc];W[pb]))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qh]))))
(;B[ne]LB[me:a][qc:b][oe:c][od:d]N[(b)]C[Black 5 is a strong move.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' looks tough, but is not recommended. White 'd' is bad style, and not recommended.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[oe]LB[qc:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qd];W[pc]LB[rc:a][md:b][oc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[od];B[pf];W[rb];B[rd];W[md];B[oj])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[nc]C[A fight ensues. See variation 3-8-3-2-2.])
(;B[oc]N[(c)];W[od];B[ob]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pe];B[qe];W[pf];B[og];W[rd];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[pb];B[rf];W[ld]
;B[ng])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[rc];W[pe];B[qe];W[pf]LB[nf:a][og:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[pi])
(;B[og]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ng];B[of];W[oh];B[pg];W[qh];B[nh];W[ph];B[nf];W[mg];B[qg];W[rf]
))))
(;W[ld]N[(b)]LB[qc:a][pg:b]C[White 8 is not recommended. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qc]C[Black gets a good result whatever follows.]N[(a)])
(;B[pg]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qc];B[qd];W[pc];B[rc];W[od];B[pf];W[rb];B[rd]CR[oj]C[Now Black 9 is misplaced: it should be at the marked location.])))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[qd]LB[pc:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play.]
(;W[pc];B[od];W[oc]LB[of:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[md];B[oj])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[nc];B[of];W[me];B[ld];W[mf];B[pg];W[ke];B[jc]))
(;W[od]N[trick (b)]LB[pc:a][oe:b]C[White 8 is a trick play. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[oe]LB[pf:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black may also play elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[pe];B[qe];W[qg]LB[of:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[nf];B[ph];W[me];B[oh])
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[ph];B[nf]C[One of the two White groups is forfeit.]))
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[oi]LB[rb:a]C[White 11 creates flexible shape.
White now threatens mischief by playing 'a'.]))
(;B[oe]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc]C[Now White has played the vital point of 8.])))
(;W[oe]C[With the board as is, White 6 is not recommended.]N[(c)];B[od]LB[pe:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qd]C[Black 9 is the vital point of this shape.])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[md];W[nc];B[mc]LB[nb:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[mb];W[pb];B[pc]LB[ob:a][qb:b]C[Now 'a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[mb]C[According to Ishida's Dictionary of Basic Joseki, Black wins the capturing race.])))
(;W[od]N[not good (d)]C[White 6 is obviously bad style, but seems possible. Nonetheless, Black should come out with a favorable result.];B[oe]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pc]LB[qc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[qc]C[Black 9 is a tesuji.]N[(a)];W[qd];B[pe]LB[qe:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[oc];W[pb];B[nc];W[qb];B[md]C[Black 17 makes the "tortoise shell" shape, supposedly a shape twice as strong as ponnuki.])
(;W[oc]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe];W[rd];B[re];W[rc]))
(;B[qd]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)]))
(;W[pe]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qd]LB[md:a][pg:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Either way, Black should be able to wrest an advantageous position.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[md]))))
(;B[qe]N[(c)]C[Black 5 is a strong response.];W[pf];B[oe]C[The combination of Black 5 and 7 may be unreasonable unless Black's neighboring positions are strong.];W[pe]LB[od:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is hard to fathom.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[qd];B[qc];W[re]
(;B[rd];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[nc])
(;B[rc]C[Black 13 unwillingness to fight the ko contradicts Black's original strategy of the diagonal attachement.];W[nc]C[White 14 starts a sequence where it's hard to tell who's attacking whom, a big change from Black's early uncompromising moves.];B[ne];W[me];B[mf];W[le];B[og];W[ph]))
(;B[qd]C[Black 9 is hard to justify.]N[not good (b)];W[od];B[ne];W[pi];B[me];W[ob]C[Black faces a hard fight. The three Black stones in the corner may have to fight for life, and three Black stones in the center are a good attack target.]))
(;B[oe]C[Black 5 is a bit slow and a little too mild.]N[(d)];W[qc];B[qd];W[pc];B[rc];W[od];B[pf];W[rb];B[rd]LB[ne:a][pg:b]C[White 'a' is a possible continuation. White 'b' is not recommended if the shape at the top is unsettled.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nf];W[mf];B[ng];W[mg];B[nh])
(;W[pg]C[White 14 is not recommended with the shape at top unsettled; the move is something of an overplay. White 14 is a tactic for stirring complication, as in a handicap game.]N[not good (b)];B[ne];W[md];B[me];W[ld];B[le]LB[kd:a][qh:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)];B[qh];W[qg];B[oh];W[og];B[ng]C[White must abandon the stones on the right, though they retain some aji.])
(;W[qh]N[(b)];B[kd];W[kc];B[jc];W[lb];B[kb];W[lc];B[jd]))))
(;W[md]LB[nd:a][oe:b][pf:c]N[(e)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Attaching at 'c', on the side with the pincer, is not good.]
(;B[nd]LB[nc:a][ne:b][me:c][mc:d]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' or 'd' are not recommended.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[ne])
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nc]LB[oe:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[qd]LB[lf:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[mc];W[ld])
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[me];W[og];B[le];W[kc];B[mb];W[lb];B[nb];W[kd];B[lg]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)]LB[me:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[qc];B[nf])
(;B[qc]N[(b)]C[Black 9 is submissive. Nothing good comes to Black from this variation.];W[pe]LB[od:a][rd:b][pc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[oe])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[qe];B[oe];W[of];B[od];W[mf])
(;B[pc]N[(c)];W[mf]))))
(;W[me]C[White 6 is a heavy move.]N[not good (c)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[qd];B[qc];W[qe];B[rc]LB[qh:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. Either way, Black has a favorable position.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[oc];W[ne];B[od]))
(;W[mc]C[White 6 is a heavy move.]N[not good (d)];B[nc]LB[rd:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[me];W[kd];B[qc];W[qh];B[oj];W[oh];B[nf])
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[pf])))
(;B[oe]LB[rd:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qc];B[pc])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[qd]LB[rd:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rd];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc];B[nf])
(;W[pc]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[oc];W[ob];B[nc]C[White 4 is isolated, and White cannot connect to 2 either.])))
(;B[pf]N[not good (c)]C[Black 5 is not recommended. Attaching on the side of the pincer in a double approach situation is almost never good.];W[pg];B[of];W[qd];B[qc];W[qe];B[pc];W[qh]LB[nc:a]C[White 'a' is sente, so White's second approach move has good development potential.])))
(;B[jd]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[rokken tobi (6-space extension) (i)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[qe];B[qd]LB[pe:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or the trick play of 'b'.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[oe];W[od];B[nd];W[oc];B[rd];W[qh];B[nc]LB[ob:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a', or the trick play at 'b'.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[nb]LB[ne:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a', sacrificing the three White corner stones, or 'b' to try trick Black.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nf];W[me];B[pb];W[mg];B[lc])
(;W[qb]C[White 20 is a trick play.]N[(b)];B[rb];W[ra]LB[me:a][sb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[me]N[(a)]LB[rc:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rc];B[pb]LB[pa:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pa]N[(a)];B[pc];W[oa];B[na];W[qa];B[sb])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[qc];W[pa];B[sc];W[re];B[na];W[oa]C[The corner can be regarded as seki, unless someone starts a ko by playing at the 1-1 point.

Black sente and the Black hane at 23 makes this a favorable result for Black.]))
(;W[sb]N[(b)];B[rc];W[re];B[sc]C[The ko is not important: the hane of Black 23 is sufficient profit, according to Yoshio Ishida.]))
(;B[sb]C[Black 23 is a mistake; Black has been tricked.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[nf];W[me];B[lc];W[mg];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc];W[pa];B[na];W[oa]
;B[sa];W[mc];B[qa];W[mb];B[pb];W[mf]C[White has great thickness, and Black is sealed in. This is a success for White.])))
(;W[pc]N[trick (b)]LB[qc:a][qb:b][nb:c]C[White 18 is a trick play. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mc];W[qb];B[rb];W[mb];B[lc];W[pb];B[ra];W[lb];B[kc];W[oa]LB[mf:a][sc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' to save the corner stones looks necessary, but is not.]
;B[mf];W[sc]C[White 32 attempts to kill the Black corner stones.];B[re];W[rf]C[White must play 34 to prevent Black from playing there.];B[sb];W[se];B[rc];W[sd];B[sf];W[se];B[sd])
(;B[qb]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[nf];W[me];B[nb];W[mg];B[qc];W[mf];B[ob]MA[lc]C[Black is worse off than in variation 3-1-9-2-1-1, where Black connected to Black 3 with a stone at the marked location.])
(;B[nb]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[qb]C[Black must fight a ko, which is a disadvantgeous result for Black.];W[pb];B[ra];W[qa];B[sb];W[sa])))
(;W[rd]N[trick (b)]LB[rc:a][od:b]C[White 10 is a trick play.

Black continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[pe];B[oe];W[od]LB[qg:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)]LB[re:a][rg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[oc]LB[qh:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[nd])
(;W[nd]N[mistake (b)]C[White 18 is a mistake.];B[rg]C[Black captures the 5 White stones.]))
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[qh];W[rh]LB[qi:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[ri];B[qj];W[re]LB[oc:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to live in the corner, or 'b' for outside influence.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)]C[Black for corner territory.];W[nd]LB[rb:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[ng]C[White 26 starts a difficult fight for Black.];B[og];W[oh]C[A classic squeeze play.];B[nh];W[nf];B[ph];W[oi]LB[mb:a]C[Further, White 'a' is sente against the Black corner group.])
(;B[qb]LB[pc:a]C[If Black plays 25 here, it leaves aji for White to play 'a' later and reduce Black to one eye.]N[(b)];W[pc]AW[mb]C[White can play 26 with support as shown.];B[qc];W[ob];B[pb];W[nb]LB[ra:a][sb:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai, and Black dies.]))
(;B[nd]N[(b)]C[Black sacrifices the corner for influence.];W[oc];B[nc];W[qc];B[ob];W[pc];B[me]C[The result is considered clearly favorable for Black, as Black's thickness is superior to White's 20 points in the corner.]))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[rf];B[sd];W[qi];B[nd]LB[oc:a]C[With the White stone captured, White's extending to 'a' is fruitless.];W[og];B[me]C[Black gets a favorable result.])))
(;B[re]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qg]LB[nd:a][oc:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[oc];B[nc];W[qc])
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[nd];B[nc];W[mg]C[Black's three stones are trapped.])))
(;B[od]C[Black 11 is weak: Black has tricked himself.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc]))))
(;B[of]LB[qc:a][ph:b][nc:c][rd:d]N[taka-keima (high knight's cap) (j)]MA[jc]C[Black 3 is played with an extension at top, such as marked.

White continues with 'a', 'b', or possibly 'd'.

White 'c' is a trick play.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)]AB[jc];B[pc];W[qd];B[pe];W[rg];B[je])
(;W[ph]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pf];B[oe])
(;W[nc]N[(c)]LB[qc:a][qe:b][pe:c][oe:d][nd:e]C[White 4 is a trick.

Black 'a' is best. Black 'b' gives an equal result.
Black 'c', 'd', and 'e' are mistakes.]
(;B[qc]LB[md:a][ph:b]C[Regardless of White's next move, Black 'a' or 'b' are good follow-up moves.]N[(a)])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pc];W[pb];B[rf];W[rb];B[qg])
(;B[pe]C[Black 5 is a mistake. If Black was worred about being overextended, the capping move of Black 3 was not a good idea.]N[mistake (c)];W[qc];B[pc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[oc];W[re])
(;B[oe]C[Black 5 is the same mistake as the previous variation (c).]N[mistake (d)];W[qc];B[pc];W[qd])
(;B[nd]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (e)];W[md];B[oc];W[ne];B[od];W[mc];B[ph]C[Black 11 is a possible continuation.];W[qh]CR[rd]C[White can also slide into the corner at the marked spot.]))
(;W[rd]N[(d)]AB[jc]C[White slides to settle his shape.];B[qc];W[ph];B[je]))
(;B[pj]N[sangen takabasami (3-space high pincer) (k)]LB[qc:a][nc:b][nd:c]C[Black may play this way with a san-ren-sei at top, in which case White may enter the corner at 'a'. 

The double approach move of 'b' or 'c' is also possible.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)]LB[pc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]AB[jd][dd]C[Black 5 is appropriate given Black support at top.]N[(a)];W[qd];B[pe];W[rg])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[od];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)]LB[pf:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' may be playable as well.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)]LB[pg:a][qc:b]C[White 'a' is traditional joseki. White 'b' is a new line of play.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[of]LB[qd:a][qc:b][qe:c][re:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[re];B[pe]LB[rd:a][rg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rd]LB[qg:a][qc:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg];W[rf]LB[oc:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[oc]LB[qh:a][nd:b]C[Black 15 is the best way to keep White from connecting.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay in the face of Black thickness.]N[(a)]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[og];W[ph]LB[qi:a][ri:b]C[Black has influence, White territory. The result is considered equal.

Black continues with an extension at top.

Black can later exchange 'a' for 'b'.])
(;W[nd]N[mistake (b)]C[White 16 is a mistake. The two White stones are heavy in front of such Black thickness.]))
(;B[qh]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc]C[White is connnected, and White's profit exceeds Black influence.]))
(;B[qc]MA[pc]C[Black 13 is a mistake. White can even later cut at the X.];W[qg];B[og];W[rj]C[Black 3 has lost effectiveness.]))
(;W[rg]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qc];W[rd];B[og];W[ph];B[oh]C[Black 3 is well placed.]))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pc]LB[rf:a][og:b][lc:c]C[Locally, Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black may also play elsewhere.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)])
(;B[og]N[(b)])
(;B[lc]N[(c)]))
(;W[qe]N[(c)];B[qd]LB[qh:a][oi:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[oc];W[nd];B[od]LB[ri:a][jc:b][jd:c]C[Black has follow-up moves at 'a' to 'c', but White should first extend on the top.];W[kd]C[White 14 is a likely continuation.])
(;W[oi]N[(b)];B[oc];W[oj];B[pk]C[White still lacks settled shape.]))
(;W[re]C[This gives the same result as variation 'a', but with a different order of moves.]N[(d)];B[qe];W[qd];B[pe]C[See variation 3-1-11-2-1-1-1 for continuations.]))
(;W[qc]N[(b)]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pc];W[qd]LB[qe:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[re];B[pe];W[rf]C[Black has imperfect thickness (the pincer is too far, and White 4 has considerable aji), while White has meager territory.])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[qe];B[qg];W[jc]C[White may prefer a two-space extension instead of three, depending on the board position.]))
(;B[qe]C[Black 7 is a mistake in direction.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc];B[qg])))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[qc]C[White 6 is the only move.];B[qd];W[pc]LB[md:a][me:b]MA[od]C[Just looking at the current position (tewari analysis), Black 5 would be better placed at the 'x'. Further, a White play at 'x' presents a problem for Black.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[md]N[(a)]LB[od:a][nd:b][rd:c][mc:d]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'.]
(;W[od]LB[pe:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or, to create thickness in sente (by sacrifice), 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]LB[rd:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[re];W[rc]LB[pg:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' makes a bad shape.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)]C[Black has thickness, keeping to the original strategy.])
(;B[qe]C[Black 15 is a mistake. Black has bad shape.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[nd];W[oc];B[le];W[nf];B[pg];W[og];B[qg]))
(;W[ne]C[White 12 displays an aggressive style.]N[(b)];B[nd];W[oc]LB[pg:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[nf]LB[le:a][rc:b]C[The fight begins.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is also seen in professional play.]
(;B[le]N[(a)];W[nh]C[White 18 is a possible continuation. The fight continues from here.])
(;B[rc]C[Black 17 is a greedy move.]N[(b)];W[rd];B[re];W[ld];B[mc];W[lc];B[me];W[mb];B[le];W[mg];B[sd];W[kb]
;B[kf];W[kh];B[if]))
(;B[le]C[Black 15 is an overplay.]N[not good (b)];W[rd];B[pg];W[re];B[nf]C[White has undermined Black's position in sente. This is a White success.])))
(;B[pg]N[(b)]C[Black 11 initiates a sacrifice sequence to build thickness in sente.];W[pe];B[nd];W[oc];B[pf];W[qe];B[qg];W[rg];B[rd];W[re];B[se];W[rf]
;B[rh];W[rc]))
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[ne];W[me]LB[kd:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[kd]LB[mf:a][ld:b]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[mc];W[mb];B[lb];W[nb];B[og];W[kf];B[id])
(;W[ld]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[le];W[mc];B[mf];W[ke];B[md];W[lc]C[White is not likely to have a large enough ko threat, so must submit.];B[id]))
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[mb];B[kd];W[le];B[lb];W[nb];B[jd];W[mg];B[og]))
(;W[rd]C[White 10 leaves the shape at top unresolved.]N[(c)];B[re];W[rc];B[pg]AW[dd][dp][hq]AB[jp][pp]LB[od:a][pe:b][nd:c][oc:d]C[This shows a position in a professional game between Rin Kaiho (Black) and Kobatashi Koichi (White).

White could play 'a', forcing Black 'b', but that would preclude pushing at c and cutting. White may reserve further play locally. The possibility of Black 'd' remains, so there is a tradeoff to White playing elsewhere. 
]
)
(;W[mc]N[(d)]C[White 10 is submissive, but may be acceptable from a whole-board perspective.];B[ld]LB[nd:a][od:b]C[Black's shape still has defects at 'a' and 'b' that White may exploit later.]))
(;B[me]C[Black 9 is too mild; Black should press White.]N[not good (b)])))
(;W[nd];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[qe];B[od]LB[og:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[og]C[White 10 pushes to the center so as not to give too much thickness.]N[(a)];B[qd]C[The only move.];W[mg];B[ng];W[nh];B[nf];W[oi])
(;W[rc]C[White 10 is a classic move, but yields much thickness to Black.]N[(b)];B[og];W[ph];B[oh]C[Black 3 and 13 are working well together.])))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (l)]LB[nc:a][qd:b][qc:c]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a trick. White 'c' is also possible.]
(;W[nc]LB[oe:a][cq:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. 'b' shows Black playing elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[oe]LB[oc:a][qc:b]C[A go proverb states: "in a symmetrical position, play in the center", but that is not the case here.

Go Seigen insists Black 'a' is the best move. Black 'b' also gives life.]
(;B[oc]LB[nb:a][od:b]C[White 'a' seals Black in. White 'b' results in an exchange, with Black getting out on the right.]N[(a)]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[re];W[rf];B[od];W[nd];B[ob])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pc];B[qc];W[ob];B[rf];W[rg];B[qg];W[pf];B[rh];W[re];B[sg];W[rd]
))
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[pb]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is less favorable.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[re];B[pe];W[pf];B[rd];W[rf];B[pc];W[ob];B[qb])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[pc];B[re];W[qe];B[qd];W[rf];B[od];W[nd];B[pa];W[mb];B[oc];W[ob];B[oa]
;W[nb];B[sd];W[qa];B[rb];W[sb];B[sc];W[na];B[ra])))
(;B[pf];W[pg];B[qe];W[of];B[pe];W[qg];B[nd];W[md];B[ne];W[ob];B[pb];W[pc];B[qc]
;W[oc]LB[qb:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)]C[White 19 is the obvious continuation for a solid base in the corner.];W[re];B[rd];W[jc])
(;B[kd]C[Black 19 is feasible with support at the top left.]N[(b)];W[qb];B[rb];W[pa];B[rd];W[kc]C[White 24 is one possible continuation. White must play locally to settle the group.];B[jc]LB[kb:a][lc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[kb]N[(a)])
(;W[lc]N[(b)]))))
(;W[qd]C[White 3 is a trick play.]N[trick (b)];B[qc];W[pc]LB[oc:a][qe:b][od:c]C[White continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not good enough. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[qe];W[rd];B[od]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[re];W[rc];B[pf])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[ob];W[qb];B[kc]))
(;B[qe]N[not good (b)]C[Black 6 is not recommended. White gets good shape on top.];W[rd];B[od];W[qb];B[re];W[rc];B[pf];W[nc])
(;B[od]N[mistake (c)]C[Without supporting stones nearby, Black 6 is a mistake.];W[qb];B[rc];W[rd];B[pb];W[oc];B[rb];W[nc]))
(;W[qc]N[(c)]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[od:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay. ]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc])
(;B[oc]C[Black 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc]LB[od:a][rd:b]C[White 7 is the only move.

Black continues with 'a', but, given the initial overplay, the mistake of 'b' may be expected.]
(;B[od];W[rd]C[White connects, and has no wasted stones.])
(;B[rd]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[od]LB[oe:a][nc:b][ob:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. A Black extension, such as 'b' (or 'c') is a mistake.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[nd];B[pf];W[nc])
(;B[nc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 10 is a mistake. White captures the three Black stones.];W[pe];B[rf];W[re]))))
(;B[pc]AB[jd]C[Black plays 4 with support as shown.]N[(b)];W[qd];B[pe];W[qe];B[og];W[ph]C[The continuation from here depends upon strategic considerations.])))
(;B[re]LB[pj:a][nc:b][pc:c][of:d][rf:e][qe:f]N[hikui keima (low knight's move) (m)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White should be prepared for a fight with 'b' and 'c'.

White 'd' and 'e' are a special strategy, not recommended.

White 'f' is an amateurish mistake.]
(;W[pj]N[(a)];B[qh]LB[qj:a][rf:b]C[White can emphasize the bottom right with 'a', or fight with 'b'.]
(;W[qj]N[(a)];B[of])
(;W[rf]N[(b)]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[oc];W[nd];B[of]C[Fighting erupts. Continuation depends on overall board position.];W[pe]C[White 8 shows toughness.];B[oe];W[od];B[pc]LB[qd:a][og:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possibilities.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[qe];W[pf];B[og]LB[rf:a][rd:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possibilities.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rd];W[qi];B[oi])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[rf];W[qb];B[qg];W[ob]))
(;W[og]N[(b)];B[ng];W[qd]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[pg];W[rf];B[rd];W[oh];B[nf];W[nh];B[mg];W[qh])
(;B[qc]N[(b)]AW[ld][lf]AB[qk][ok][jd][jf]C[The additional stones are from the professional game where this variation arose: 1973 Pro Best Ten: Takagawa (White) versus Cho Chikun (Black).];W[rd];B[rc];W[pg];B[qe];W[nf];B[pf];W[ne]
;B[pe];W[nh];B[mg];W[li];B[mh];W[mi];B[oh];W[ni];B[ph];W[qg];B[qh];W[lh];B[rg]
;W[lg];B[rf])))
(;W[pc]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[oc]LB[od:a][qb:b]C[Black 'a' is preferable to 'b'.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[nc];B[qb];W[nd];B[of];W[jd])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[od];B[pe];W[kd]))
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[qd];B[qe];W[od]LB[pe:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[nc];B[qc];W[pb]LB[oe:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not as favorable.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[nd])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[ob]LB[oe:a][ne:b]C[Now Black 'a', White 'b', not as favorable for Black as the other variation.]))
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[pe];B[rd];W[pd];B[qb];W[nc];B[pf])))
(;W[of]C[White 4 gives away much profit, but breaks up the center.]N[not good (d)];B[nd];W[mf]LB[rf:a][kf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to solidify the corner position. Black 'b' is premature.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)]LB[qg:a][kf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[kf];W[qd];B[qe];W[pe];B[oe];W[pf];B[qc])
(;W[kf]N[(b)];B[if];W[qg]))
(;B[kf]C[Black 7 is premature.]N[not good (b)];W[qd];B[qe];W[pe];B[oe];W[pf];B[qc];W[rf];B[rd];W[nj]))
(;W[rf]N[not good (e)]C[White 4 gives away much profit, strongly emphasizing the right side.

White 4 was played by Fujisawa Shuko against Kato Masao in game 4 of the 1978 Kisei Title.];B[qe];W[pf];B[nd];W[qj])
(;W[qe]C[White 4 is a mistake, giving Black solid territory.]N[mistake (f)];B[qd];W[rf];B[rd];W[pj]C[White may extend nearby 8 (instead of White 8).];B[md]C[Black may also play above Black 9, at n17.]))
(;B[oe]AB[jd]N[kosumi (diagonal) (n)]C[Black 3 is an invention of Takemiyama. The move only makes sense with a Black supporing stone as shown, as part of a moyo strategy.];W[qc]C[White naturally takes profit.];B[pc];W[qd];B[pg]LB[qg:a][pf:b]C[Black 7 continues moyo strategy.  White continues with 'a' for territory or 'b' to provoke a fight.]
(;W[qg];B[ph])
(;W[pf];B[of];W[og];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh];W[rf];B[pi]C[While Black may have influence, White should not be at a disadvantage in the coming fight.]))
(;B[qi]LB[qc:a][nc:b][of:c][qd:d][pi:e]N[niken basami (2-space low pincer) (o)]C[Black 3, the two-space low pincer, at best indicates a special strategy. 

The two-space low pincer is not as forceful as the one-space pincer, nor as relaxed as the three-space pincer, which is most often used as a dual purpose move to pincer and extend at the same time. Neither fish nor fowl, the two-space low pincer is less able to secure territory compared to the one-space pincer, if the selected variation comes to that, and perhaps more likely to later come under attack if White establishes a base for White 2.

White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' and 'e' are not recommended.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[qc]N[(a)]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[White 4 is a natural choice.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[od:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[od]LB[rd:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[re];W[rc];B[qe];W[nc];B[pf]MA[qh]C[Black 3 does not contain White 2 as well as a one-space pincer would (the marked spot).])
(;W[oc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[mc];B[le]))
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[rd];W[oc];B[od];W[nd];B[ne];W[md];B[me];W[ld];B[pg]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[qd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pf]LB[qg:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a', or begins an aggressive sequence with 'b'. White should have support in the lower right to play 'b'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[oh])
(;W[pg]N[(b)]C[White should have support in the lower right to play this way.];B[qg];W[og];B[rg];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[nc];W[pl];B[oi];W[mg])))
(;W[nc]N[(b)]LB[nd:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[md]LB[ne:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ne]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[White takes the corner with 'a', or builds thickness to the top with 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]C[White goes for the corner.]N[(a)];B[oc];W[qd];B[mc])
(;W[oc]C[White begins a sequence to build thickness.]N[(b)];B[pc];W[od];B[pe];W[oe];B[pf];W[of];B[pg]))
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[ne];B[od];W[mc];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[qh];W[qg];B[rd]
))
(;B[pf]N[(b)]LB[qc:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[qd];B[qe];W[re];B[pe];W[rf];B[ph];W[kc])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pc];B[lc];W[mc];B[ld]))
(;W[pg]N[(b)];B[qg];W[pe];B[of]LB[qe:a][qh:b][oe:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable. White 'c' likewise leads to a bad result for White.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[oe];W[rg];B[qh]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[oc];W[qc];B[nd])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[qd];W[rd];B[rc];W[re];B[qc];W[sf];B[ob];W[nb];B[sd];W[rh];B[ri];W[sh]
;B[oc];W[nd];B[oh]))
(;W[qh]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[rg];W[rf];B[og];W[ph];B[rh];W[oe];B[qe];W[re];B[qd];W[rd];B[od]
;W[ne];B[rc];W[pi];B[sd])
(;W[oe]N[not good (c)]C[White 10 is not recommended.];B[qe];W[rf];B[re];W[nf];B[og];W[qd];B[rd];W[qc];B[rc];W[pc];B[ne]
;W[od];B[ng]))
(;W[pe]LB[oe:a][qe:b]N[not good (c)]C[White 6 is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[qe];B[nd];W[oc];B[od];W[pg];B[of];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[qh];W[qg];B[mc]
;W[mb];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[qb])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[oe];B[qd];W[pg];B[od];W[of];B[nd]))))
(;W[of]N[(c)];B[nd];W[oi];B[pk];W[lc];B[me];W[jd];B[qe];W[rf];B[re])
(;W[qd]N[(d)]C[White 4 is not recommended.];B[qc];W[pc]C[This cross-cut is a possible continuation.];B[od];W[oc];B[qe];W[rd];B[qb]C[White has no good continuation.])
(;W[pi]N[(e)]LB[pj:a][ph:b]C[White 4 may lead to complications.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pj]N[(a)];W[qh];B[qj]LB[nc:a][nd:b][md:c]C[White may switch directions by trying 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nd];W[md]LB[oc:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[ne];B[od]LB[mc:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[re])
(;W[nb]C[White 14 attempts to later infiltrate the corner, but this move is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[me];W[ld];B[nf]LB[oi:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oi]N[(a)];B[oj];W[ni];B[le];W[kd];B[pf];W[pg];B[qe])
(;W[le]N[(b)];B[oe];W[oi];B[oj];W[ni];B[lf];W[kf];B[lg];W[rd];B[rh];W[pg];B[rg];W[rf]
;B[qc])))
(;B[ne]N[mistake (b)]LB[oc:a][pc:b][qc:c]C[Black 11 is a mistake.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay. White 'c' is likewise not recommended.]
(;W[oc]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[rd];B[rh];W[pg];B[rg];W[rf]LB[pe:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[oi])
(;B[od]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ld]C[White 20 prepares for a sacrifice play.];B[qg];W[of];B[ph];W[oh];B[oi];W[mf]C[Black cannot escape or live in the corner.]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is too slow.]
(;W[pg];B[pf];W[of];B[pe];W[qb];B[og];W[oi];B[ng];W[mi]C[White has the better position.])
(;W[pf]C[White 14 is too slow.]N[mistake (b)];B[pe];W[qb];B[oi];W[ng];B[me];W[ld];B[le];W[kd];B[nh])))
(;W[pc]C[White 12 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[oc];W[ob];B[od];W[mb];B[qc];W[oi];B[lc];W[mc];B[pb])
(;W[qc]C[White 12 nullifies White 4: better to have invaded without playing 4.]N[not good (c)];B[oc];W[qd];B[mc])))
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[pf];W[pg];B[of];W[qe];B[od];W[rc];B[oi];W[og];B[mf];W[ng];B[me];W[mg]
;B[qc];W[rb];B[lc])
(;W[md]N[(c)];B[oe];W[oi];B[qe];W[pf];B[oc];W[nc];B[ob]))
(;B[ph]N[(b)];W[qh];B[qg];W[rh];B[oh]LB[pg:a][rg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[og];W[rg];B[oe];W[pj];B[jc])
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[pj];W[nc];B[oe];W[rd];B[oi];W[qc];B[pc])))))
(;W[pf]LB[nd:a][pj:b][ph:c][qh:d][dp:e][qf:f]N[ikken taka-gakari (one-point high attack) (b)]C[Black typically responds at 'a'. Black 'b' is played when Black finds play on the right side advantageous. Black 'c' or 'd' may be played when Black has support at top.

Black 'e' shows White follow-up if Black plays elsewhere.

Black 'f' shows a special strategy.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]LB[qd:a][qc:b][pj:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[qc];W[qe];B[rc];W[qj];B[jc])
(;W[qc]C[White 4 contradicts the strategy of enphasizing the center with the high approach move.]N[not good (b)];B[qd];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf];W[ob])
(;W[pj]N[not good (c)]C[White 4 (or below on the 3rd line) prior to taking part of the corner is not recommended.];B[qf]C[Black solidifies the corner.];W[qg];B[qe]))
(;B[pj]N[(b)];W[nd]LB[oe:a][pc:b][qc:c]C[Black responds with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[qc]LB[qd:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[pc];B[of];W[od]LB[pg:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[mf]))
(;B[pc]C[Black 7 is the wrong direction.]N[not good (b)];W[qd];B[qe];W[pe];B[re];W[pb];B[ob];W[od];B[oc];W[nb];B[qb];W[nc]
;B[pa];W[nf]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[nf];B[nb])
(;B[qc]N[(c)]))
(;B[ph]AB[lc]C[This situation arises when White has support at top.]N[(c)];W[qd];B[qc];W[pc]LB[od:a][pe:b][qb:c][rc:d]C[White must have the ladder to play this way (especially for d4). 

Black has various continuations.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rc];W[rb];B[qe];W[rd];B[re];W[sc])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[rc];B[qb];W[rb]LB[oc:a][pb:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'. 

Black 'a' is more sensible, as Black yields the corner for thickness. ]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[qe];W[rd];B[ob];W[qa])
(;B[pb]N[(b)]C[Black crawls along the second line (the line of defeat).];W[oc];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb];W[qe]))
(;B[qb]N[(c)];W[od];B[pb];W[oc];B[rd];W[qe];B[ob])
(;B[rc]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[(d)];W[od]LB[pb:a]C[White 8 at 'a' does not work.]))
(;B[qh]C[Black 3 was played by Kitani Minoru against Iwamoto Kaoru in game 3 of the 4th Honinbo title in November, 1947.]N[(d)];W[nd];B[pc];W[ph];B[qg];W[qf];B[pg];W[of];B[og];W[nf];B[nc];W[ld]
;B[mc];W[kf])
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (e)]LB[nd:a][ne:b]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[qc];W[nf]LB[oe:a][cq:b]C[Black continues locally with 'a', or plays elsewhere (b).]
(;B[oe]N[(a)]C[White 6 aims to take more corner territory. Black cannot hope to break into the center.];W[of];B[ne];W[me];B[md];W[ld];B[mc];W[lc];B[nb];W[mb];B[nc];W[lf]
)
(;B[]N[Black tenuki (b)]C[Black plays elsewhere again.];W[oc]LB[rf:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. 

Black 'a' risks abandoning the corner stones (White's choice).]
(;B[rf]LB[qg:a][rg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)]C[White gains further influence.];B[rg];W[qe];B[re];W[qd];B[rd];W[pc];B[qb];W[qh])
(;W[rg]N[(b)]C[White takes the corner.];B[qg];W[qf];B[rh];W[re];B[sg];W[qe];B[oh]))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[qg];B[qe];W[rg];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[rd]C[White 11 is the vital point.];B[re];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb];B[ra])))
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[nc];W[mc];B[mb];W[nb]LB[ob:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to take the corner, or 'b' to get out to the center.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[nd];B[oc];W[lb];B[na];W[ld])
(;B[nd]N[(b)]LB[ob:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pc];W[lc];B[md];W[kd];B[ke];W[je];B[kf])
(;W[md]C[White 9 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[lb];W[pc];B[ob];W[od];B[oc];W[oe];B[qd];W[pb];B[na];W[rc];B[qc]
;W[qb];B[rb];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[pa];W[sa];B[rb];W[sb];B[rd];W[re];B[oa];W[sd]
;B[qa];W[qe];B[rb];W[qb]))))
(;B[qf]N[(f)]LB[qg:a][qe:b]C[Black 3 is territorial.

White continues with 'a'. With a favorable ladder to the lower left, White may consider 'b'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[qe];W[ph];B[nc];W[qk]C[White may extend further toward the corner.])
(;W[qe]C[White must have the ladder to the lower left to play this way.]N[(b)];B[pe];W[qg];B[rf];W[rg]LB[of:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. If White has a favorable ladder, Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[pg];B[re];W[pk])
(;B[pg]C[If White has a favorable ladder to catch Black 9, Black 9 is a mistake. Otherwise, White 4 was a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[of];B[re];W[ph]))))
(;W[pg]LB[nd:a][qj:b]N[niken taka-gakari (two-point high attack) (c)]C[White 2 is a light approach move. Rarely played in even games, White 2 is typically employed in handicap games.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]LB[qk:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qk]N[(a)];B[jc])
(;W[qd]LB[qc:a][qe:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' gives a clear-cut division of territory: Black at top, White at right. Black 'b' offers White choices.]
(;B[qc]LB[qe:a][pe:b][rc:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pe];B[od];W[qk];B[jc])
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[od];W[re];B[rc];W[qk];B[jc])
(;W[rc]N[(c)]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[qe];B[rb];W[qk];B[jc])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[rd];B[pc];W[pe]LB[pf:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[oe];B[qg];W[of];B[qf];W[ph];B[ri];W[od];B[oc];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb]
;W[lc];B[rb]C[Black's territory is superior to White's thickness.])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[pf];B[rb];W[re]))))
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pe]LB[re:a][pf:b][qf:c]C[White 6 is a trick play.

Black 'a' offers Black an advantage. Black 'b' makes White fight a ko for life in the corner. Black 'c' is a mistake, with Black taking the corner and White getting superior thickness.]
(;B[re]LB[rd:a][qc:b][pc:c]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'a' results in an ongoing fight. White takes the corner with 'b' or 'c', yielding superior thickness to Black.]
(;W[rd]C[White 8 is a fighting move.]N[fight (a)];B[rg]LB[od:a][pc:b]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[pc];W[oe];B[oc];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[qc])
(;W[pc]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[od];W[ob];B[nb]LB[rb:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[pf]C[White 14 is correct shape.

Being sealed in the corner is painful for White.])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[qc];W[rc];B[qb];W[rb];B[pb];W[qa];B[oc]LB[rh:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rh]N[(a)];B[qh];W[rf];B[ri];W[qf];B[pk])
(;W[rf]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[qf];W[qg];B[sf];W[rh];B[ri];W[sd];B[se];W[qh];B[sh];W[qj];B[sb]LB[sa:a]C[Black wins by one move.

The ko at 'a' is easily dismissed as out of question. ]
;W[sa];B[ra];W[dp]C[White make a threat elsewhere.];B[pa]C[Black takes.]))))
(;W[qc]C[White takes the corner, giving Black thickness.]N[White corner, Black thickness (b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[pf];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[ob];W[qb];B[nc];W[rd];B[qg]
;W[sb])
(;W[pc]N[(c)];B[od];W[rc];B[pf];W[nb];B[mb]LB[ob:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' concedes a large corner.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[qb]LB[rb:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[nc];W[qc];B[lc])
(;W[qc]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc]LB[rb:a][dp:b]C[Black 17 is still sente. White continues with 'a'. White playing elsewhere ('b') and Black can get a ko on the White corner stones.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[rb];W[sb];B[na];W[ra]C[A ko results.])))
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[ob];W[lb];B[oc])))
(;B[pf]C[Black 7 makes White fight a ko for life in the corner. ]N[ko (b)];W[oe];B[od];W[of];B[qc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[rb];W[qb];B[pc];W[sb]
;B[ra];W[qa];B[sd];W[sa];B[rb];W[ra];B[se];W[pb];B[ob];W[oa];B[nb];W[sc])
(;B[qf]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 7 is a mistake. Black gets a sizable corner, but White has great thickness.];W[pf];B[qc];W[rd];B[rc];W[od];B[pc];W[qg];B[re];W[rf];B[sd];W[oc]
))))
(;B[qj]LB[nc:a][nd:b][md:c][od:d]N[(b)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nd];W[md];B[ne];W[oc];B[pc])
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[oe]LB[ng:a][ld:b][ne:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;W[ng]N[(a)];B[ne];W[ld];B[me]LB[md:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[le]LB[kd:a][ke:b]C[White must extend with 'a'. The White hane of 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)];B[oh];W[og];B[lg])
(;W[ke]C[White 12 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[kd];W[jd];B[kc];W[jc];B[lb];W[jb];B[nc]))
(;W[le]C[White 10 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[md];W[mc];B[lc];W[kc];B[lb];W[mb];B[kb];W[jc];B[jb];W[ic];B[ib]
;W[hc]LB[ob:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[hb]C[White 24 is not sente.])
(;B[nc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 23 is a mistake.];W[qc]C[White 24 is possible because of Black 23 (threatening to extend from 16).])))
(;W[ld]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[ne];W[me];B[ng];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[mf];W[lf];B[lg];W[kf];B[oj]C[Because White is high on both sides, White cannot slide into the corner or invade at the 3-3.]
)
(;W[ne]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[of];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[nf];W[mf];B[mg];W[lf];B[nh];W[oj];B[ok]
;W[nk];B[ol]))
(;W[md]N[(c)];B[ne]LB[me:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[nf];W[nd];B[od];W[pi];B[pj];W[oi];B[mf])
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[oe];W[ng];B[me]C[See 3-3-2-2-1-1 for continuation.]))
(;W[od]LB[pe:a][oe:b][oc:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' or 'c' are a mistake, as White cross-cuts, and has the advantage of the nearby stone.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[oe];B[oc];W[nc];B[pc];W[of];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[oj])
(;B[oe]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe])
(;B[oc]C[Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[pc]))))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (d)]LB[jc:a][mc:b][nc:c][jd:d][nd:e][pp:f]C[White plays elsewhere. 
Black continuations shown are 'a' to 'f'.
   'a' = 3-10 extension.
   'b' = large knight extension.
   'c' = small knight extension.
   'd' = high double wing formation. 

   'e' is possible, but not joseki. 'e' is shown to illustrate White invasions.
   'f' demonstrates san-ren-sei joseki.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;B[jc]LB[cq:a][qf:b]N[(a)]C[White plays elsewhere 'a', or approaches at 'b'.]
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere again.

Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.]N[White tenuki (a)]LB[nd:a][pf:b][qg:c][qf:d]
(;B[nd]LB[qc:a][qd:b]N[(a)]C[Black 5 is usually played when Black already has an extension at the top such as Black 2.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qd];W[pb];B[nb];W[rd];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[rc]C[The joseki ends.];B[qa]C[Black 13 can stop White from getting two eyes, but White cannot be captured without additional local Black supporting stones.];W[ra];B[pa]
;W[ob];B[oa];W[qb]LB[oc:a][na:b]C[Black continues with 'a', make Black 13 futile.

Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[na];B[ma])
(;B[na]N[not good (b)]C[Black 19 is unreasonable; White breaks out.];W[nc];B[mc];W[oc];B[lb];W[od];B[oe];W[ne];B[md];W[pe]C[White breaks out.]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc]LB[qe:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[rc];W[pe];B[od];W[qh])
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[qe];W[rd];B[re];W[od];B[pc];W[pf]LB[qg:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[pg];B[qh];W[oc];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc])
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[rf];B[rc];W[qf];B[sd];W[qj]))))
(;B[pf]N[(c)];W[pc];B[oc]LB[qd:a][ob:b][qc:c]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[qd]LB[pe:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to emphasize the top, or 'b' to emphasize the right side.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]C[Black 7 emphasizes the top.]N[Black top (a)];W[qb];B[ob];W[rf])
(;B[qe]C[Black 7 emphasizes the right side.]N[Black right (b)];W[od];B[pe];W[ob];B[nc];W[nb];B[qc];W[pb];B[mc];W[rd];B[rc];W[rb]
;B[re];W[qb];B[sd];W[mb];B[lc]))
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[qc];W[pb];B[nc];W[qd];B[qe];W[rd]C[See 4-1-1-2-1-2 for continuation.])
(;W[qc]C[White 6 is heavy, vulgar, and a bad play.]N[mistake (c)];B[ob];W[re];B[rf];W[qe];B[qf];W[pe];B[oe];W[qd]LB[od:a][ra:b]C[Black plays 'a' to seal White in with great thickness, or 'b' to fight a ko to kill White's corner stones.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pb])
(;B[ra]N[ko (b)];W[od];B[nd])))
(;B[qg]LB[qc:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[pc];W[qd];B[qb]LB[qf:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a fatal mistake.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pf];W[qe];B[pg];W[rb];B[pb];W[rg];B[rh];W[sg])
(;W[rb]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[qf];B[pf];W[qe];B[rg]LB[ra:a][rf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[ra]N[(a)];B[sd])
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[ra])))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[oc]LB[ob:a][qc:b][qd:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is heavy. White 'c' is likewise not recommended.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[od]LB[pb:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. With a favorable ladder, White may play 'b'.]
(;W[pb];B[nb];W[qd];B[qe];W[rd];B[mc]LB[rb:a][re:b][dp:c]C[White can defensively with 'a', leaving the aji on the right for later; play 'b' (only to play 'a' later); or play elsewhere, and suffer an approach-move ko.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)])
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[rf];W[pe]LB[oe:a][qf:b]C[Black can squeeze with 'b', or leave the cutting stone with 'a'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[qf];B[pf];W[qe];B[rg];W[rb];B[pg])
(;B[qf]N[(b)]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (c)];B[rb]C[Black proceeds to an approach-move ko. Black has to add extra moves to make it a proper ko, so this is premature.];W[qb];B[rc];W[ra];B[sb];W[qc];B[sd];W[re];B[rf];W[se];B[oa]
))
(;W[qb]C[White must have the ladder to play 8.];B[nb];W[qd];B[qe];W[re];B[rd];W[qc]LB[qf:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder favors White, otherwise may play 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[rf]C[This variations illustrates the favorable ladder for White.]N[(b)];W[nc];B[oa];W[pb];B[mb];W[pe];B[qf];W[mc];B[lc];W[oe];B[nd];W[md]
;B[ne];W[nf];B[me];W[ld];B[kc])))
(;W[qc]N[not good (b)]LB[ob:a][od:b]C[White 6 is heavy.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' permits White sente.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[re];B[pf];W[rb])
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[re];B[pf]C[White can afford to play elsewhere.]))
(;W[qd]N[not good (c)]C[White 6 is not recommended. The result is similar to 3-4-1-1-2-1-2.];B[qe];W[od];B[pe];W[ob];B[nc];W[nb];B[qc];W[pb];B[mc];W[rd];B[rc]
;W[rb];B[re];W[qb];B[sd];W[mb];B[lc]C[The result is similar to 3-4-1-1-2-1-2, but Black 3 is in a better position.])))
(;B[qf]N[(d)];W[ob]LB[pc:a][pb:b][oc:c][nc:d]C[White 6 is a standard tactic in this situation.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. Black 'd' is not recommended.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)]C[Black defends the corner.];W[lc];B[je];W[le];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[pb]C[White fixes her shape.];B[qb]LB[nc:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)])
(;W[nd]N[mistake (b)]C[White 11 is a mistake.];B[oc];W[nc];B[mb]C[Black 14 gouges White's living space.]))
(;B[pb]N[(b)]LB[pc:a][pe:b][oc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' is a trick play.

White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)]LB[qc:a][oc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[oc];B[qb];W[od];B[pe];W[lc])
(;B[oc]C[Black 7 is a tough-minded move.]N[(b)];W[qc];B[qb];W[qd];B[pe]LB[nb:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a' to sacrifice the three corner stones for life at top. 

White 'b' let's White live in the corner with just two eyes: an unacceptable loss for White in the early game. ]
(;W[nb]N[(a)]C[White sacrifices the corner stones; the right move.];B[rb];W[kc]CR[od]C[White 14 is a tesuji. White aims to cut at the marked spot.])
(;W[od]C[White 12 is a mistake. White's two-eyed corner is nothing to Black's thickness.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[rb];B[nb];W[qa];B[oa];W[sc])))
(;W[pe]C[White 6 is a trick play.]N[trick (b)];B[qe];W[pc]LB[oc:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' falls for the trick.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[qc];B[od]LB[qb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[nb];W[pa];B[mc])
(;W[nb]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb]))
(;B[qc]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[oc];B[qb];W[od];B[qd];W[lc]))
(;W[oc]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[pc];W[lc];B[od];W[nd];B[ne];W[md];B[je];W[lf];B[nf]C[The solid connection of Black 15, preventing White from attaching there, is the right way to attack.]))
(;B[oc]N[(c)];W[qc];B[nb];W[qd];B[qe];W[pb];B[mc];W[rb])
(;B[nc]N[not good (d)]C[Black 5 is slack, not recommended.];W[nb];B[mc];W[oc];B[od];W[qc];B[qd];W[rc];B[rd];W[sd])))
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[nd]LB[qc:a][lc:b][md:c]C[White invades at 'a' to 'c'. 'a' is simplest and most effective.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qd];W[rd]LB[re:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' is typical. Black plays 'b' to get sente (and pays a bit for it).]
(;B[re]LB[rc:a][rb:b]C[White continues at 'a' or 'b'. 'b' leaves White a little thin.]N[(a)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qe];W[ob];B[nb];W[oc];B[nc];W[od];B[oe];W[pc];B[ne])
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[sd];W[rc];B[qe];W[nb]C[White's shape is a little thin.]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[rb];B[qb];W[rc]))
(;W[lc]LB[kd:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[kd]LB[oc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[oc]LB[od:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' lets White into the center.]N[(a)]
(;B[od]LB[pc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[qc];W[qb]LB[rb:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' captures White 6.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[ld];B[le];W[jb];B[ib];W[kb];B[ic];W[pb];B[rd])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[rb];B[mb];W[nb];B[mc]LB[re:a]C[Later, White 'a' is sente.]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[ld];B[le];W[jb];B[ib];W[kb];B[ic];W[mb];B[me]))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[od];B[oe];W[nc];B[pe];W[le]C[White 14 is the only way to play.]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[oc];W[md];B[ne];W[ob];B[nb];W[mb]C[White intends to fight the ko.]))
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[mc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[md:a][kd:b]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[kc]LB[kd:a][jd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[kd]N[(a)];W[jb]LB[nc:a][ic:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[ic];B[jd];W[lb])
(;B[ic]N[(b)];W[ib];B[hc];W[ob];B[qc]))
(;B[jd]N[(b)];W[pb];B[qb]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. With 'b', White gives up the three stones, takes the corner and can connect to White 4.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[qc];W[jb];B[ib];W[ka];B[kd])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[rb];B[ob];W[qa])))
(;B[kd]LB[pc:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[pc]LB[oc:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[oc]C[Black 11 captures the two stones, and is a good result for Black.]N[(a)];W[qc];B[ob];W[qd];B[pe];W[qe];B[og])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[qb];B[rd];W[oc];B[od];W[nc];B[rb];W[pa];B[md]))
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qd];B[pe];W[qb];B[pb];W[pf]C[Black gets a good result.]))))
(;W[md]LB[ne:a][me:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[kd];B[jd]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[ke:a][kf:b]
(;W[ke]N[(a)];B[je];W[kf];B[ig])
(;W[kf]N[(b)];B[je];W[mf];B[qe];W[pf];B[nf];W[mg];B[ng]))
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[ld];B[ne]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[le:a][jd:b]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[je];W[lg])
(;W[jd]N[(b)];B[id];W[je];B[kc];W[le];B[mb])))))
(;B[mc]LB[qc:a][qd:b][qf:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(b)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qd];W[pc];B[oc];W[ob];B[nb];W[od];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf]LB[pb:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]

(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[oe]LB[nd:a][me:b]C[If White 'a', Black 'b' to capture.])
(;W[oe]N[not good (b)]LB[pf:a][pb:b]CR[qj]C[White 15 is not recommended, and might only make sense with White support on the right near the marked point. Black continues with 'a' if White has such support. Otherwise, Black proceeds to kill the White corner stones with 'b'.]
(;B[pf]AW[qj]C[Black answers with 16 if White has a supporting stone such as shown.]N[(a)];W[pb];B[nf];W[md]C[White can escape, but in doing so makes bad shape and will suffer relentless attack if no support exists to connect to. In other words, White should only play 19 at the right time.];B[me];W[nd];B[ld];W[le];B[kd];W[mf];B[of]
;W[ne];B[pe];W[me];B[mg])
(;B[pb]C[Black to kill the White corner stones. White has made a terrible mistake.]N[(b)];W[qb];B[oa];W[pf];B[qe];W[qg];B[rg];W[qh];B[rh];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj]
;B[sd]LB[rj:a]C[White 'a' is not sente.])))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc]LB[qe:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[rc];W[of]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[qh])
(;B[pe]N[not good (b)]C[Black 8 is not recommended. White gets superior thickness to Black territory.];W[pf];B[qf];W[qg];B[rf];W[od];B[oe];W[ne];B[pc];W[rg];B[re];W[nf]
))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[od];W[rc];B[qb];W[qe];B[rb];W[qh]))
(;W[qf]N[(c)];B[qd];W[qi]))
(;B[nc]LB[qc:a][qf:b][qd:c]N[(c)]MA[qj]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' gives life in a small space, with considerable black thickness. White 'b' is the standard approach move.

White 'c' is not recommended.

See variation 3-4-1-1-4 for White approaches when Black also has as extension on the right at the marked location.]
(;W[qc]C[White 4 leaves White with a small corner.]N[(a)];B[qd]LB[pc:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' for small life in the corner, or 'b' to start a ko.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[oc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb])
(;W[rd]C[White 5 starts a ko. ]N[ko (b)];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[sc]C[Black has first capture of the ko.

If White loses the ko, it will be difficult for White to make territory in this part of the board.]))
(;W[qf]N[(b)]LB[rd:a][qd:b]C[White 4 is the standard approach move. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[qi])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[qi]))
(;W[qd]N[not good (c)]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[White 3 is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qe]LB[pc:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[od]
(;W[qc];B[re]LB[sb:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[sb]N[(a)];B[ob];W[ra])
(;W[ob]C[White 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[sb];W[nb];B[mb]))
(;W[rd];B[re];W[qb];B[ob];W[sb]LB[pb:a][ra:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[ra])
(;B[ra]N[(b)];W[pb];B[rc];W[rb])))
(;W[qc]C[White 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[ob];B[nb];W[oc];B[od];W[rb];B[rd]C[Black 12 prevents White from getting two eyes.]))
(;B[qc]C[Black 4 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qe];B[rc];W[qh])))
(;B[jd]N[(d)];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[pj]LB[qc:a][nc:b][pf:c]C[White approaches with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[qc]N[White uchikomi (invasion) (a)];B[qd];W[pc];B[oc];W[ob]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf])
(;B[nb]LB[nc:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[od]LB[mb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White can also play 'b' and live in the corner.]
(;W[mb]LB[nd:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[na];B[mc];W[nb]LB[lc:a]C[Black extending at 'a' is good, but most often Black plays elsewhere.])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[na];B[qb];W[nd];B[ne];W[me];B[nf];W[mf];B[ng]))
(;W[pb]N[(b)]LB[mb:a][mc:b]C[White 14 let White live in the corner. Given Black's overwhelming thickness, this may not be such a good idea.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.];B[mb]LB[rd:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. Anywhere else, such as White 'b', is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[rc])
(;W[md]C[White cannot afford to play anywhere other than the corner.]N[mistake (b)];B[rb];W[rc];B[rd];W[sc];B[ra];W[qa];B[oa])))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[re];W[qe];B[od];W[rf];B[rc];W[se];B[rb];W[qh])
(;W[od]N[(c)]C[White 'c' shows a special strategy to keep the corner, not necessarily a wise strategy considering the overwhelming thickness Black already has.];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[rc];B[qf];W[pb])))
(;W[nc]N[White keima kakari (knight's move approach) (b)]LB[oc:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too easygoing.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[nd];B[pf]LB[ld:a][jb:b][kc:c][lc:d]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' to 'd' are not recommended.]
(;W[ld]LB[kc:a][jf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' lacks force.]N[(a)]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[je]C[White 10 is one possible continuation.];B[ie];W[jf];B[kd];W[ke];B[lc];W[nf])
(;B[jf]C[Black 9 lacks force, and gives White the chance to settle his group.]N[mistake (b)];W[jc];B[ic];W[jb];B[ib];W[kd];B[je];W[ob];B[pb];W[nb]))
(;W[jb]N[not good (b)]C[White 8 is feasible, but White gets a low position.];B[jc];W[kb];B[ib];W[lc];B[ob]C[With Black 13, White is still not settled.])
(;W[kc]N[not good (c)]C[White 8 is not recommended in this situation.];B[jc];W[kd]LB[je:a][ke:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.];B[ke]C[The old proverb: at the head of two stone, hane.];W[jb];B[ib];W[kb];B[je]C[White can barely make life, and has given Black wonderful thickness.])
(;W[lc]N[not good (d)]C[White 8 is small, low, and easily blocked. White should emphasize instead jumping to the center for life.];B[kc]))
(;B[pf]C[Black 5 is too sedate.]N[not good (b)];W[pb];B[qc];W[lc]))
(;W[pf]N[(c)];B[nd];W[qh]LB[qi:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[ph];B[nj];W[rd]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rc];B[qe]C[Black 13 is a continuation which is not recommended until Black has a more solid position locally. As is, Black 13 is an overplay.];W[re];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg];W[rh];B[qg];W[sg];B[qb]C[White does not have two eyes, but Black also has weaknesses in his position. Hence, Black should only play this continuation after fortifying his local position. ])
(;B[qe]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[re];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg];W[rh]))
(;B[qe]N[not good (b)]LB[rj:a][qf:b]C[Black 7 is not recommended.

White slides with 'a'. White 'b' is too submissive.]
(;W[rj]N[(a)];B[qf]LB[qj:a][pk:b]C[White 'a' are 'b' are possible continuations.])
(;W[qf]C[White 8 is submissive.]N[not good (b)]))))
(;B[nd]N[(e)]LB[qc:a][qd:b]C[A White single-handed 3-3 invasion is unusual, but possible.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]LB[qd:a][pc:b]N[White uchikomi (invasion)]TR[jc]C[There are similar variations where Black has a stone at the marked location at 3-4-1-1-1.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qd]N[Black right (a)];W[pb];B[pc];W[rb]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[rd];B[re];W[qa];B[sd];W[rc])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[qb]LB[rd:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to perfect thickness.  Black 'b' gives White a stone with no compensation for Black.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mb];W[sb];B[nc];W[ob])
(;B[ob]C[Black 10 gives White a stone with no compensation for Black.]N[mistake (b)];W[rd];B[re];W[sc])))
(;B[pc]N[Black top (b)];W[qd];B[qe];W[re];B[qf];W[rf];B[qg];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]LB[qc:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qc]LB[re:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not generally recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[ob];B[nb];W[oc];B[nc];W[od];B[oe];W[pc];B[pe];W[rd])
(;B[pc]C[Black 6 is generally not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[re]LB[rf:a][qf:b]C[Black plays 'a' to take the corner or 'b' for thickness.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[qf];B[pe];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf];B[rc];W[ph])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qg];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb])))
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[pe]LB[qc:a][rd:b]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[rf];W[ob];B[nb];W[oc];B[nc];W[rd];B[qg])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[rf];W[pc];B[oc];W[pb];B[qg]CR[rb]C[White next plays at the marked location, the vital point. White risks a ko otherwise.
];W[]C[White plays elsewhere. Black can get a ko.]N[White tenuki (a)]CR[rb];B[rb]LB[rc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended, as it lacks the aji the results from playing 'a'.]

(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[sb];B[ra];W[qc];B[se];W[sd];B[pa];W[ob];B[nb]LB[oa:a][sf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[sf]CR[na]C[The liberty at the marked point must be filled before the White group is faced with a life-and-death ko.])
(;W[sf]N[(b)]LB[oa:a][sg:b]C[White threatens to escape down the side.

Black can pull his stones out 'a', or block White with 'b'.]
(;B[oa]N[(a)];W[rg];B[qf];W[rh])
(;B[sg]N[(b)];W[oa]CR[na]C[Now White faces an approach move double ko (the marked point being the approach move).])))
(;W[qb]C[White 14 is not recommended, as White ends up lacking the aji of the other variation.]N[not good (b)];B[rc];W[ra];B[sb];W[qc];B[ob];W[pa];B[sd];W[se]))))
(;B[qc]N[(b)]C[For continuation, see 4-1-1-1-2.])))
(;B[pp]N[(f)]LB[cq:a][qj:b]C[This variation demonstrates san-ren-sei and ni-ren-sei joseki.
'a' = san-ren-sei (three star points)
'b' = ni-ren-sei (two star points)]
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tennuki (a)];B[pj]LB[nc:a][qf:b][qc:c]C[White approaches at 'a'.  Approaching at 'b', where Black is strong, is not recommended. Invading at 'c' immediately is not recommended.

For 'c', see variation 3-5.]N[san-ren-sei (three star points)]
(;W[nc]LB[nd:a][pf:b][lc:c][kd:d][jd:e][ne:f]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'e'. 'a' is not recommended for Black.

For 'c', see c3 and variation 3-1-5.
For 'd', see variation 3-1-7.
For 'e', see variation 3-1-11.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]C[This is not recommended for Black.]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) not good (a)];W[md];B[ne]LB[oc:a][pc:b][ob:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[pc];W[jc])
(;W[pc]LB[oc:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[ob];B[od];W[mb];B[qc];W[pb];B[me];W[ld])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[ob];B[pb];W[oc];B[qb];W[jc];B[pf]))
(;W[ob]N[(c)];B[pc];W[jc]))
(;B[pf]LB[pb:a][jd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[tobi (jump) (b)]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[qc];W[kc])
(;W[jd]N[(b)]))
(;B[lc]N[ikken basmai (1-space pincer) (c)]LB[ld:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[kd];W[md]LB[jc:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[jc]LB[ke:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or tries 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[pf];W[ke];B[je];W[jf])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[oe];W[lf];B[of];W[ke];B[je];W[jf];B[ie];W[ph]))
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[kc];B[jc];W[kb];B[jd];W[lb];B[oc]))
(;W[qc]N[uchikomi (invasion) (c)];B[qd];W[pc];B[od]LB[nb:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[me])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nb];B[rd]))))
(;W[qf]C[The inside approach move is not recommended, as White is starting a fight where Black is strongest.

This does however demonstrate a high handicap joseki

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[not good (b)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[nd]LB[ph:a][rj:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)];B[qi]LB[mg:a][oj:b][ni:c]C[White continuation possibilities include 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[mg]N[(a)];B[nj]C[The joseki ends here.

The continuation shows a White invasion in the corner. This should not be attempted as long as the White outside group is weak.];W[qc];B[re];W[oc];B[od];W[nc];B[mc];W[mb];B[pc];W[pb];B[qb]
;W[ob];B[rc];W[qa];B[rb])
(;W[oj]N[(b)];B[ok];W[nj];B[pi];W[oi];B[qh])
(;W[ni]N[(c)];B[nj];W[mj];B[nk];W[mi];B[mk]))
(;W[rj]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]LB[qj:a][qi:b]
(;B[qj]N[(a)]LB[ri:a][rk:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[ri]N[(a)];B[rk])
(;W[rk]N[mistake (b)]C[White 11 is a mistake.];B[ri];W[qi];B[rh];W[rg];B[qh];W[pi];B[oi];W[ph];B[pg];W[oh];B[og]
;W[nh];B[qg]))
(;B[qi]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 10 is a mistake.];W[ri];B[rh];W[qh]LB[qg:a][rg:b]C[Black possibilities are 'a' and 'b'.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[rg];B[ph];W[sh];B[qh];W[re];B[rd])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[pk];B[ph];W[qj];B[pi];W[qn]))))
(;B[nd]N[mistake (b)]C[White 6 is a mistake.];W[rd];B[qc];W[qh]C[White easily lives.])))
(;W[qj]C[White 3 is a flexible invasion.]N[(b)];B[ql]LB[qf:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)]LB[nd:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[rd]LB[qc:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[ph])
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pc]LB[rh:a][ph:b][qg:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]))
(;B[qh]N[(b)]LB[of:a][rh:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[of]N[tobi (1-space jump) (a)];B[nd];W[pi];B[qe]C[Black 10 limits White's incursion into the corner.];W[rf]C[Black 6 still has considerable aji.])
(;W[rh]N[tsuke (attach) (b)]LB[nc:a][ri:b][rg:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.  Black 'a' is peaceful; 'b' and 'c' are fighting moves.]
(;B[nc]LB[nd:a]N[(a)];W[ph];B[qe];W[pf])
(;B[ri]N[(b)];W[qi];B[rg];W[ph];B[qg];W[pg];B[pf];W[qd];B[pe];W[rf];B[sh];W[qc];B[rj]
)
(;B[rg]N[(c)];W[qg];B[ri];W[ph];B[qi];W[pi];B[rj];W[rf]CR[pg]LB[mc:a]C[Black must now decide; Black 'a' is possible, as are other moves.

White must defend against the cut at the marked point.]))))
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[nd];W[rd]CR[rf]C[White must later cover the marked weak point.]))))
(;W[qc]C[White 2 is not joseki, but illustrates the possbilities without considering surrounding stones.]N[san-san uchikomi (3-3 invasion) (e)];B[qd];W[pc];B[oc];W[ob]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Both end with Black gote.]
(;B[nc]N[nobi (a)];W[nb];B[mc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf]C[The sequence ends.];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[mb]LB[pa:a][dp:b]C[White plays locally at 'a', but can survive after playing elsewhere ('b').]

(;W[pa];B[na];W[ra])
(;W[]LB[na:a][pa:b]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[na]N[(a)];W[pa];B[ra]LB[rb:a][qa:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rb]LB[qa:a][qb:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]N[(a)];B[qa];W[qb];B[ma];W[sa])
(;W[qa]N[(b)];B[rb];W[sb]))
(;B[pa]N[(b)];W[pb];B[ra];W[qa];B[qb];W[rb];B[qa];W[oa];B[sd];W[sc])))
(;B[nb]LB[nc:a][rd:b][od:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[ni-dan-bane (2-step hane) (b)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[od];W[mb]LB[nd:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. Black 'a' gives thickness, Black 'b' the corner. ]
(;B[nd]C[Black 11 plays for thickness.]N[Black thickness (a)];W[na];B[mc];W[nb];B[lc])
(;B[pb]C[Black 11 to take the two White corner stones.]N[Black corner (b)];W[na];B[qb]LB[rc:a]C[Unlikely to realize, but the White stones have some aji at 'a'.]))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[re];W[qe]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[Black 'a' next keeps things simple for Black and gives him a good result. Black 'b' is sometimes possible, but Black needs to be careful.]
(;B[od]N[simple (a)];W[rf];B[rc];W[se];B[rb])
(;B[pe]LB[rc:a][nc:b]C[White can now defend at 'a'. Cutting at 'b' does not produce a good result for White. ]N[(b)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qf];W[pb];B[nd]C[Black gets a thick position and White a living L+2 group.])
(;W[nc]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[od];W[mb];B[pb];W[na];B[qb]C[Compared to the usual variation with Black taking the corner, White 8 and 10 don't serve any purpose.])))
(;W[od]C[White 8 was played by Kato Masao against Cho Chikun in game 1 of the 21st Judan Title, March 3, 1983.]N[(c)];B[nc];W[rd];B[re];W[rb];B[sd];W[rc]LB[qf:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pb];B[oe])
(;B[pb]C[Black 15 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[qe];B[pe];W[qf];B[rf];W[pf];B[oe];W[rg]))))
(;W[qi]AB[jc]C[White may try 2 when Black has already played at top as shown.]N[4-space approach (f)];B[qk];W[qf];B[qe];W[pf];B[nd];W[qc]LB[pc:a][re:b][qd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is weak.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[re]LB[rd:a][qd:b]C[Black 'a' is fine. Black 'b' is stronger.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[qd];B[rc];W[pe];B[qb])
(;B[qd]LB[rd:a][dp:b]C[White continues locally with 'a' or plays elsewhere ('b').]N[(a)]
(;W[rd]N[local (a)];B[rc]LB[rb:a][rg:b]C[White has the move at 'a', while Black has the peep at 'b'.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[rg]C[The peep at 13 is not recommended.];W[rf];B[ri];W[rc]C[White can easily settle himself if he gets an eye in the corner.])))
(;B[re]C[Black 9 shows an uncompromising attitude. Black accepts a reduction at top for an attack on the three White stones at right.]N[(b)];W[oc];B[od];W[nc];B[pc];W[pb];B[mc]LB[rb:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a' to live in the corner, 'b' to live on the top.]
(;W[rb]C[White 16 to live in the corner.]N[White corner (a)];B[mb];W[oa];B[nf];W[oi];B[ok])
(;W[mb]C[White 16 to live at top (and give Black the corner).]N[White top (b)];B[qb];W[ob];B[rc];W[kc];B[jd];W[md];B[me];W[lc];B[ke]C[Black gets good outside strength with 25.];W[oi]))
(;B[qd]C[Black 9 is bad shape. White may play elsewhere.]N[weak (c)];W[pb]C[White 10 is the right move when the time comes.]))
(;W[qd]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[White 2 is exceptional, used only when 'a' and 'b' are miai.]N[tsuke (attach) (g)]
(;B[qc]N[Black inside (a)];W[qe]LB[rc:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rc]LB[qh:a][pe:b][od:c]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is recommended only if a Black play at 'c' is not disadvantageous (forcing Black along the fourth line is generally bad).];W[qh])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[qh];B[pe]))
(;B[qe]N[Black outside (b)];W[qc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', depending upon the side of interest.]LB[pc:a][re:b]
(;B[pc]N[Black top (a)];W[re]LB[qf:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' for thickness, or 'b' for the corner.]
(;B[qf]N[Black thickness (a)];W[rf];B[qg];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[nc])
(;B[rf]N[Black corner (b)];W[qf];B[pe];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf];B[rc]))
(;B[re]N[Black right (b)];W[pc];B[od]LB[oc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake]
(;W[oc]N[(a)]LB[nd:a][nc:b]C[White must crawl once more with 8.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' creates too many cutting points.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[pj])
(;B[nc]C[Black 9 leaves one too many cutting points.]N[not good (b)];W[nb];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc]))
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oc];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb];B[mc];W[rb];B[rd];W[qa]LB[sb:a][oa:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.

Black has superior thickness.])))))
(;B[oc]LB[qd:a][pe:b][qc:c]C[The mokuhazushi (5-3) point was popular in the Edo period in Japan (1600 - 1867). It emphasizes influence; territorially, it is inferior to the 3-4 point. 

The 5-3 point can lead to complicated joseki.

Approach moves for White range from 'a' to 'c'.  White 'a' is typical.

White 'b' forfeits the corner, and emphasizes the right side, so locally this is disadvantageous for White. 

White 'c' leads to a division of profit for White and influence for Black. A ladder helps when playing White 'c'.]N[mokuhazushi (5-3)]
(;W[qd]LB[pe:a][kc:b][jc:c][ic:d][qf:e][qg:f][qh:g][pg:h][pf:i][ph:j]N[komoku keima kakari (3-4 knight's move) (a)]C[White 2 is the standard approach because of its solidity and stability.

Black replies with 'a' to 'j'.

j10, i9, h8, g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1

outcomes:
a1, b2, c3, d4 - Black top, White right
e5 - Black right, White top, with some White choice 
f6, g7 - Black top & right, White corner & out
h8 - Black top, White corner & out
i9 - taisha (Black ladder); Black top, White right generally
]
(;B[pe]LB[qe:a][pd:b][dp:c][qf:d]N[kake (press-down) (a)]C[A direct attempt to make the most of Black's superior influence.  

Joseki continues with White 'a'. 

White 'b' may be reasonable given support at top. 
White suffers a terrible loss locally to play elsewhere ('c').

White 'd' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]LB[pf:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)]LB[qg:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[qg]LB[jc:a][qf:b][pg:c][qc:d][ic:e]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'e'.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[(a)]
(;B[jc]N[(a)];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[ng];W[nh];B[mg];W[qf]LB[od:a]C['a' is a key point for both players.];B[je]C[A post-joseki extension.];W[od];B[pd]
;W[pc];B[pb];W[qc];B[nd];W[ob];B[nc];W[nb];B[mb];W[qb];B[na];W[pa]LB[lc:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]

(;B[lc])
(;B[]N[mistake: Black tenuki (b)]LB[ne:a][mc:b]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. Both lead to the same result.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[oe];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[lb];W[ld]LB[me:a][kb:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;W[mc];B[md];W[ne];B[oe];W[lc];B[lb];W[ld]LB[me:a][kb:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rf];B[rg];W[rh];B[pg];W[qh];B[re];W[sg];B[qc];W[rd];B[jc])
(;B[pg]N[(c)];W[qh];B[ph];W[pi]LB[oi:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oi]N[(a)];W[oj];B[qf];W[rf];B[re];W[rg];B[qc];W[rd];B[pj];W[qi];B[ni])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qi]LB[oi:a][pc:b][qj:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[oi]N[(a)];B[ri];W[rh];B[sh];W[rg];B[qk];W[qc];B[ne])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pb];W[qb];B[pd];W[qc];B[ri]LB[rg:a][rh:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[pj];W[oi];B[oj];W[ni];B[nd])
(;W[rh]N[(b)];B[si];W[rg];B[pj];W[oi];B[oj];W[ni];B[nd]))
(;W[qj]N[(c)];B[ri];W[rh];B[sh];W[rg];B[rj];W[qk];B[rk];W[ql];B[rl];W[qm];B[rm];W[qn]LB[rn:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' and 'b'.]

(;B[rn]N[(a)]LB[pc:a][qo:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a fatal mistake.]
(;W[pc]N[(a0];B[pb];W[qb];B[pd];W[qc];B[oi];W[pj];B[qo];W[po];B[pp];W[qp];B[ro];W[op]
;B[pq];W[oq];B[oo];W[pn];B[pr];W[no])
(;W[qo]C[White 28 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oi];W[pj];B[qb]LB[ro:a][rb:b]C[White 'a' is the obvious response, but does not work. Neither does the more promising looking 'b'.]
(;W[ro]N[(a)];B[rc]C[Black wins the capture race.])
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[qc];W[rc];B[ra];W[se];B[rd]LB[sb:a][sd:b]C[Neither 'a' nor 'b' work for White.]
(;W[sb]N[(a)];B[sd];W[sg];B[pd])
(;W[sd]N[(b)];B[sb];W[re];B[sg];W[ro];B[so];W[sn];B[sp];W[rp];B[sm];W[sq];B[si];W[sk]
;B[pd];W[sn];B[so];W[sp];B[qa];W[sn];B[sa]))))
(;B[rc]N[(b)]LB[qc:a][rn:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)]C[The following sequence, from White 28 to Black 37, is a one-way street.];B[qb];W[pb];B[rb];W[pc];B[ob];W[pa];B[rd];W[re];B[qa]LB[sb:a][od:b][sd:c]C[White continues with 'a'.  White 'b', leads to a ko White can win. White 'c' is a mistake.]

(;W[od]LB[pd:a][nd:b]N[(a)]C[Black may try the obvious 'a', or 'b'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[mc];W[na];B[nd];W[oa];B[oe];W[lb]LB[sd:a][rn:b]C[Now, the captures at 'a' and 'b' are miai.]
)
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[mb]C[White threatens escape as in the other variation.];B[oa];W[pd];B[mc];W[oe]C[White cannot be caught.]))
(;W[sb]N[ko (b)];B[sa];W[ra];B[pd];W[sd];B[sa];W[oa]C[White hates to make this play, reinforcing Black, but has no choice, lacking other other ko threats.];B[mb];W[ra];B[oi];W[pj];B[sa]
;W[nb];B[nc];W[ra];B[rn];W[sc];B[qo];W[po];B[pp];W[qp];B[ro];W[op];B[pq];W[oq]
;B[oo];W[pn];B[pr];W[no])
(;W[sd]N[mistake (c)]C[White 38 is a mistake. White loses.];B[sc];W[sa];B[se];W[sf];B[oa];W[sd];B[pd]))
(;W[rn]C[White 28 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd];W[re];B[qc]C[White cannot evade capture.])))))
(;B[qc]N[(d)];W[pg];B[pd];W[ng];B[qf];W[rf];B[rc]C[White may play elsewhere, sacrificing the two stones.])
(;B[ic]CR[pg]C[Black can make an extra wide extension. In this situation, White is reluctant to push at the marked location, as in variation 1, as Black builds even better thickness towards the wide extension.];W[qc]C[White 8 aims at an invasion at the marked location, where link-up or escape are possibilities.]CR[mc]))
(;W[qf]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][jc:b]C[White 6 is a special strategy, intending to make a splitting play between Black strength at the top left and right. Black continues with 'a', or, anticipating White playing at 'b', Black plays there first. In other words, 'a' and 'b' are miai.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[jc]C[White 8 makes sense as a splitting attack if Black has strength in the upper left as well as the upper right as shown.];B[qg];W[qb]C[White 10 allows White to live in the corner.])
(;B[jc]N[(b)];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[ph];W[qg];B[ng];W[oi])))
(;B[pg]N[(b)]LB[pf:a][qf:b][pd:c]C[Black plays 5 for rapid devlopment.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)]LB[of:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[qf]LB[og:a][ng:b][qg:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)]LB[pc:a][qh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pc]LB[ob:a][nd:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[ob]C[Black 11 threatens encroachment into the corner.]N[(a)];W[qh];B[jc]LB[pi:a]C['a' is now a good point for both players.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 11 is not recommended. White can easily make life in the corner.]N[not good (b)];W[ic]CR[qg]C[Being secure in the corner, White plays the extension at top first, spoiling Black's thickness.

The marked location is gote for Black.]))
(;W[qh]C[White 10 is premature.]N[not good (b)];B[qc];W[rc];B[qg];W[rg];B[pd];W[qb];B[pc];W[re];B[jd]))
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[oh];B[og];W[pc];B[ob];W[qh];B[jc];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[ph]C[Black continues with 16 to build further thickness.];W[qi];B[oj])
(;B[qg]N[(c)];W[og];B[oe];W[pc];B[ob];W[oh];B[rg];W[pb];B[qj]))
(;B[qf]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[of];B[qg];W[pd];B[oe];W[od];B[ne];W[nd]))
(;W[qf]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pf];W[qh])
(;W[pd]C[White 6 is vulgar.]N[mistake (c)];B[od];W[pf];B[of];W[oe];B[ne]LB[og:a][pe:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' are good.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[pe];W[qf];B[oe])
(;W[pe]C[White has terrible shape.]N[(b)];B[ng]))))
(;W[pd]C[White 4 only makes sense with surrounding support.]N[(b)];B[od];W[oe];B[pf];W[ne]LB[qb:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' if White does not have a pincer at top (giving Black room to make life).]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rf];B[qg];W[rb];B[pb];W[rc]LB[lc:a][rg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[re]))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[rd];B[og];W[qe]C[If White tries pushing through.];B[rf];W[qf];B[qg]))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (c)]C[White plays elsewhere. This is conceivable only when Black 3 is a ko threat.];B[qe];W[qi]LB[qg:a][cq:b]C[Black must play 'a' to capture White 2. White can live in the corner if Black plays elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[qg]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White can live in the corner.]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)];W[pd];B[od];W[re];B[rf];W[rd];B[qg]C[Black must defend.];W[pb]C[Allowing White life in the corner.];B[ob];W[rb]))
(;W[qf]N[mistake (d)]C[White 4 is a mistake, perhaps from confusion with 3-4 variation 2-1-1-5-1-1.];B[qe];W[re]LB[pd:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[rd];B[og];W[qg];B[jd]C[Black gets good position with a shape having no defects. White is too low.])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf];B[pd]C[Black gets corner profit.])))
(;B[kc]LB[pe:a][pf:b][mc:c][dp:d]C[Three spaces is the minimum extension. Two spaces is too mild, as White attaches against the 5-3 stone.

White can play at 'a' through 'c', or play elsewhere.]N[3-space extension (b)]
(;W[pe]N[kosumi (a)];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[mc]LB[mb:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];AE[lc]W[lb];B[lc];W[nb];B[md];W[nc];B[nd];W[od];B[ob];W[ma];B[oa];W[na]
;B[kb];W[pc];B[oe];W[pd];B[of])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[of];B[ne]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[ob];W[pg];B[ld])
(;W[ld]C[Trying to escape with White 9 is a costly overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[pf];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[re]LB[rd:a][rg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[rg]C[White loses.])
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[rd]))))
(;W[pf]C[Black may play elsewhere after this.]N[keima (b)];B[qc];W[rc];B[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qb]LB[pb:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too submissive.];B[pb])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pc]LB[rd:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is timid.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[od];B[qc];W[pb]LB[oe:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or the fierce fighting move of 'b'. Black must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[nd];B[pe])
(;B[nc]C[Black must have the ladder to play 15.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[qd];B[pe];W[oe];B[qf];W[md];B[mc];W[qg];B[rg];W[pg];B[rh];W[re]
;B[rf];W[sd]LB[of:a][qj:b]C[Black plays 'a' with a favorable ladder. Without the ladder, Black must play 'b', and let White make good shape.]
(;B[of]C[Black 29 starts a squeeze play. Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[oh]C[White 30 is correct shape.];B[me]C[Black 31 is a tesuji to squeeze White into bad shape.];W[nf];B[ne];W[og];B[nd];W[of];B[pi])
(;B[qj]C[Black 29 is necessary if Black does not have a favorable ladder, leaving White the opportunity to make good shape toward the center.]N[not good (b)];W[ld];B[lc];W[ng])))
(;B[pe]C[Black 11 is not recommended. Black gives up too much.]N[not good (b)];W[ob];B[nc];W[re];B[qf];W[pi])))
(;W[mc]LB[oe:a][pe:b][mb:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is submissive.]N[uchikomi (c)]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[ld];W[pc];B[ob]LB[qj:a][dp:b]C[White continues with an extension near 'a'. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[qj]LB[of:a][ne:b]C[Depending on the position, White may extend one space further than 10, as White 'a' forces Black 'b'.]N[(a)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]LB[ph:a][of:b]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.

Black continues locally with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ph];W[of];B[ne];W[pb]C[White must play 13 to secure a base in the corner.])
(;B[of]C[Black 10 is a mistake, allowing White to solidify on the right.]N[mistake (b)];W[pg])))
(;B[pe]LB[qe:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pf];W[qg];B[ld]C[The joseki concludes.];W[md]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good];B[me];W[ne];B[nf];W[nd];B[pg];W[pd]
;B[qf]MA[od]C[The result favors Black.

Though Black has cutting points, the threat of a Black play at the marked location keeps White from  losing liberties by squeezing Black using the group of White stones on the left (without first connecting).])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[of];B[md];W[pf];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[ic]LB[jc:a][dp:b]C[If White makes an approach here, Black must respond at 'a'. Black cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[jc]N[(a)];W[id])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)];W[lc];B[kd];W[ld];B[le];W[ke]LB[lf:a][kb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if Black has a favorable ladder to the lower left. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[lf]N[(a)];W[kb];B[je]C[If Black does not have the ladder, Black is in trouble.])
(;B[kb]C[Black 19 is a mistake. Black gets squeezed, give White massive thickness.]N[mistake (b)];W[lf];B[me];W[mf];B[je];W[kf];B[mb];W[nf];B[nd];W[jd]))))
(;B[mb]N[not good (c)]LB[pe:a][lb:b]C[Black 5 is not recommended.

White can consider 4 as a forcing play and continue at 'a', play elsewhere, or, with a favorable ladder, play 'b'.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[md])
(;W[lb]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[lc];W[nb];B[md];W[nc];B[nd];W[od];B[pd];W[oe]LB[pe:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder is favorable, or 'b' if not.]
(;B[pe]LB[pc:a][pf:b]C[White plays 'a' with a favorable ladder. Without a favorable ladder, White must play 'b' - with a result favoring Black.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[White ladder (a)];B[ob];W[ma];B[of])
(;W[pf]C[White plays 16 if the ladder to the lower left is unfavorable.]N[not good; Black ladder (b)];B[pc];W[qe];B[ob];W[ma];B[oa];W[na];B[qf];W[of];B[qc];W[kb];B[jc]
;W[qg];B[jb];W[ka];B[rf]))
(;B[pc]C[Black plays 15 when the ladder is not favorable.]N[(b)];W[pe];B[ob];W[ma];B[oa];W[na];B[qc];W[kb];B[jc];W[rd];B[rc];W[jb]
;B[ic]C[The result favors White.

Further, White can get a seki in the corner.]))))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (d)]LB[qf:a][qg:b]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black pincers with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[pe];B[pf];W[ne];B[of];W[oe];B[md])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[pe];B[qj]LB[of:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. White 'a' is preferred as White is out more in the center, and, as seen in variation 'a', likely has a chance to defend the corner with 'b' after playing 'a'.]
(;W[of]C[White 7 aims at invading.]N[(a)];B[md]C[Black defends...];W[pc]C[...so White protects the corner.])
(;W[pc]C[White defends the corner.]N[(b)]))))
(;B[jc]LB[pe:a][pf:b][qg:c][md:d][ld:e][dp:f]C[The choice between the three and four-space extension is mainly influenced by the position in the top-left corner. White has no particularly severe attack against the wider extension.

White can answer at 'a' through 'e' or play elsewhere (f).]N[4-space extension (c)]
(;W[pe]LB[md:a][nd:b][dp:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', or plays elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;B[md]N[(a)])
(;B[nd]N[(b)])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White attacks with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nd:a][lc:b]N[Black tenuki (c)]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nc];W[ld];B[mc];W[ne];B[lc];W[qj])
(;W[lc]C[White 6 is a sacrifice to fix up his shape in the corner.]N[(b)];B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[pc];B[pb];W[qb];B[le])))
(;W[pf]N[keima (knight's move) (b)]LB[qc:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rc];B[pd]LB[qe:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[qb];W[qj])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[qe];W[pc];B[rd];W[qc];B[pe];W[od];B[oe];W[nd];B[nc]C[Black's prospects in the ensuing fight are good.]))
(;B[md]C[Black 5 is too defensive.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[od];W[qi]))
(;W[qg]C[White 4 provides stability. It is played when White cannot expect to develop down the right side from the high diagonal or knight move. With this move the right side is played out. Black is in no hurry to respond.]N[(c)];B[pf];W[qf];B[qc];W[rc];B[pd];W[qe];B[qb])
(;W[md]N[(d)];B[oe];W[pf]LB[kd:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[kd]N[(a)];W[mf];B[mc];W[nd];B[nc];W[od];B[pc];W[qc];B[pd];W[pe])
(;B[ph]LB[of:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[ne];W[pc];B[ob];W[ng];B[me];W[pk])
(;W[pg]LB[oh:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[nf]LB[mb:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[pc];B[ob];W[ng])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[rc];B[ne];W[ng];B[me];W[pc];B[ob]))
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[nf];B[mb];W[pc];B[ob];W[nh]))))
(;W[ld]LB[of:a][nd:b][pe:c]C[Black continues with 'a'to 'c'.]N[(e)]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[qg])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[pf];B[lc];W[qj])
(;B[pe]LB[pd:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(c)]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[of];B[md];W[pf];B[lc])
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[pf];W[qg];B[je];W[lf];B[pg];W[qh];B[ph])))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qf:a][qg:b]N[White tenuki (f)]
(;B[qf]N[ikken-basami (1-space pincer) (a)];W[pe];B[pf];W[ne];B[of];W[oe];B[md]LB[pc:a][pj:b]C[White plays 'a' or 'b'.])
(;B[qg]N[niken-basami (2-space pincer) (b)];W[pe];B[md];W[of];B[qj];W[pc];B[ob];W[pb]C[White 12 is necessary to secure his base in the corner, the price for paying elsewhere earlier.])))
(;B[ic]LB[pe:a][pf:b][ld:c]C[The maximum extension for Black. Black's choice of this extension is influenced by the position in the top-left corner.

White can answer 'a' through 'c'. Playing elsewhere is ot favorable, as Black can make effective use of this five-space extension. This is a relaxed extension so there are no fierce variations.]N[5-space extension (d)]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[md])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[ld])
(;W[ld]N[(c)]LB[of:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[qg])
(;B[pe]C[Black 5 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pd];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[of];B[md];W[le]LB[lc:a][nf:b]C[Black cannot connect on the third line at 'a', and pushing at 'b' is bad, as Black extends along the fifth line.])))
(;B[qf]LB[pe:a][pf:b][od:c][qe:d]N[ikken basami (1-space pincer) (e)]C[The aim of playing the close pincer of Black 3 is mainly to build influence on the right. Therefore a Black position in the lower right corner is desirable when making this pincer.

White replies range from 'a' to 'd'. White 'a' is most popular. The other moves indicate a special strategy.

White cannot play elsewhere, as Black 'a' gives White a very unfavorable result.
]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[pf]LB[ne:a][nd:b][oe:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' has also been played professionally.]
(;W[ne]LB[of:a][md:b][lc:c]N[(a)]C[The combination of White 4 and 6 was invented by Shusaku, who mentioned in a letter that he contemplated the moves for six hours before playing them.

Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'. In the game where Shusaku first played the move (in 1853), his opponent, Ota Yuzo, played at 'c'.]
(;B[of]LB[oe:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[lc]LB[md:a][ob:b][pj:c]C[White continues with 'a', 'b' or 'c'.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[mc];W[pc]LB[rc:a][pj:b]C[Black continues with the tesuji at 'a'. The simple extension at 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rc]N[tesuji (a)]C[Black 13 is a sacrifice tesuji to help Black settle at top.];W[ob]LB[nb:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[od];B[nc];W[rd];B[pb];W[qb];B[oa];W[rb])
(;B[rd]C[Black takes much of the corner....]N[not good (b)];W[nc]C[... but White easily gets good eye shape.];B[ic]))
(;B[pj]C[Black 13 is a mistake (though not an obvious one).]N[mistake (b)];W[nb];B[nc];W[ob];B[ic]))
(;W[ob]LB[pb:a][pc:b][nb:c]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[oa];W[mc];B[rb];W[ld])
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[nc]LB[nb:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with the sacrifice at 'a'. Black 'b' just makes Black heavy.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[mb];B[nd];W[mc];B[md];W[lb];B[od];W[kc];B[ld];W[nf])
(;B[nd]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nb];B[md];W[qc];B[od];W[pb]))
(;B[nb]C[Black 11 is too mild.]N[not good (c)];W[pb]LB[jc:a];B[jc]C[Black must play at top. White at 13 would put Black in considerable difficulty.];W[pj]CR[nc]C[Now White can ruin Black's hoped-for extension.

The cutting point at the marked location remains.]))
(;N[(c)]W[pj];B[mg]LB[md:a][le:b]C[White has a joseki continuation at 'a'. White 'b' is also playable, but gives Black an attack on the corner.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[mc];W[pc]LB[rc:a][dp:b]C[The joseki move is 'a'. If Black plays tenuki ('b'), White can easily settle his stones and grab a bigger corner.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[ob];B[nb];W[od];B[nc];W[rd];B[pb];W[qb];B[oa];W[rb])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[nb];B[nc];W[ob];B[ic]))
(;W[le]N[(b)]C[White 12 gives Black an opportunity to tear into the corner.];B[qc];W[rc];B[pb];W[qb];B[pc]LB[rf:a][re:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' are now forcing moves.])))
(;W[nc]N[(b)]LB[nb:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is also possible.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[mc];B[pc];W[oe];B[mb];W[kc]LB[lc:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is premature.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[ld];B[lb];W[kd];B[qc];W[rd];B[pj];W[mg];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[kb]C[White 23 is not sente.];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki]
;W[rb];B[rc];W[sc];B[qb];W[la];B[sb];W[sa];B[qa];W[sd];B[oa];W[ma];B[pb])
(;B[qc]AB[pp][dd]AW[eq][cp]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 15 is out of order. 

Ishida Yoshio made this mistake against Rin Kaiho in game 2 of the 1971 Honinbo Title match.];W[rd];B[lc];W[ld];B[lb];W[pj]LB[qm:a][kd:b]C[White 20 breaks up Black's position.

The game continued with 'a'. Ishida commented later that a Black cut at 'b' was fighting spirit.]

(;B[qm]N[(a)]C[Game continuation.];W[mg];B[oi];W[kd]C[White is already in better position.];B[oj];W[pl]LB[ql:a][nl:b]C[The game continued with Black 'a'. Ishida later commented that 'b' was a better continuation for Black.]
(;B[ql]C[Game continuation.]N[(a)];W[ok];B[qk];W[pk];B[mj];W[pm];B[pn];W[on];B[po];W[mm])
(;B[nl]N[(b)]C[Suggested improvement over the game continuation.];W[pm];B[qn];W[nm];B[mm];W[nn];B[ql]))
(;B[kd]N[(b)]C[Suggested improvement over the game continuation.];W[le];B[jd];W[mi])))
(;B[mc]AW[ec][cd][jq]AB[dp][pq][qo]N[(b)]C[This variation is from a 1959 Japanese professional game (Sugiuchi (White) versus Nakamurs (Black)).];W[nb];B[nd];W[md];B[od];W[oe];B[ob]LB[lc:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]

(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[mb];W[lb];B[na];W[me];B[qb];W[pj]C[Locally, the result is rougly equal, but White should be satisfied with the influence at top, as well as breaking up Black's position on the right.])
(;W[mb]N[mistake (b)]C[White 16 is a mistake.];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[kb];B[me];W[ld];B[mf];W[kd];B[qb];W[rb];B[qc]
;W[rc];B[qe];W[pd];B[rd];W[re];B[sd];W[se];B[nf];W[sc];B[rd];W[sd];B[ra];W[pa]
;B[qa];W[oa];B[pc];W[rd];B[rf]LB[sa:a]C[White can start a ko at 'a', but he has no ko threats, and so loses.]))))
(;B[md]N[(b)]LB[pc:a][pj:b][of:c]C[Black 7 is a relatively new pattern developed by Kitani disciples.

White continues with 'a'. 

Examples of White 'b' are shown from professional games.

White 'c' is not recommended.

]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[me]LB[nc:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nf];W[nd])
(;W[nf]N[not good (b)]C[White 10 is not recommended.];B[od];W[oe];B[pi]))
(;W[pj]N[(c)];B[oi];W[qn]LB[qb:a][me:b]C[Professional game examples of continuations include 'a' and 'b'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)]LB[pi:a][lf:b]C[Game continuations include 'a' and 'b'.]
(;W[pi]AB[pp][dd]AW[eq][cp]C[Rin Kaiho (w) versus Fujisawa Shuko in game 2 of the 1970 Meijin title.]N[(a)];B[og];W[me];B[ld];W[mg];B[oj];W[pk];B[mi];W[kg]
;B[ki]LB[ke:a][ig:b]C[White should continue with 'a', but Rin played 'b'.]
(;W[ke]C[White 22 is the vital point in this shape.]N[(a)];B[jc];W[hf])
(;W[ig]C[Game continuation. White 22 is thin.]N[not good; game continuation (b)];B[ke]LB[lf:a][jg:b]C[White 17 is the vital point, aiming at 'a' and 'b'.];W[he];B[ii];W[gg]LB[dg:a][jg:b]C[The game continued with 'a', but the splitting move of 'b' is possible.]
(;B[dg]C[Rin Kaiho (w) versus Fujisawa Shuko in game 2 of the 1970 Meijin title. Game continuation.]N[game continuation (a)];W[nq];B[pn];W[pm];B[qo];W[on];B[po];W[qm];B[np];W[mp];B[no];W[or]
;B[pr];W[pq];B[qq];W[oq];B[nl];W[jq];B[cn];W[nd];B[nc];W[hc];B[jc];W[kf];B[eo]
;W[cl];B[fq];W[fr];B[er];W[ep];B[dr];W[fp];B[gq];W[gr];B[hr];W[hq];B[gp];W[ir]
;B[hp];W[iq];B[cq];W[dp];B[fo];W[bp];B[bo];W[go];B[ho];W[gn];B[do];W[hn];B[io]
;W[jn];B[jo];W[ko];B[in];W[co];B[dn];W[bn];B[bm];W[ao];B[cm];W[bl];B[im];W[el]
;B[fm];W[br];B[al];W[ak];B[am];W[fl];B[gm];W[di];B[hh];W[je];B[bk];W[ck];B[aj]
;W[gh];B[hg];W[hf];B[gi];W[eh];B[fi];W[eg];B[df];W[dc];B[ec];W[cd];B[ed];W[cc]
;B[gf];W[fe];B[be];W[ce];B[bf];W[eb];B[fb];W[da];B[ef];W[ff];B[fa];W[bd];B[bb]
;W[ad];B[gc];W[ab];B[gd];W[ge];B[hd];W[kn];B[ri];W[rj];B[qi];W[ph];B[rg];W[qj]
;B[rn];W[rm];B[ro];W[oh];B[nh];W[ng];B[qh];W[pg];B[rd];W[rc];B[re];W[qc];B[qr]
;W[hj];B[hi];W[hl];B[hm];W[bi];B[lp];W[mo];B[lo];W[ln];B[mq];W[mn];B[lq];W[mr]
;B[lr];W[kp];B[ls];W[jk];B[jj];W[kk];B[gl];W[lj];B[ik];W[li];B[rb];W[fk];B[pc]
;W[hk];B[gk];W[il];B[jl];W[ij];B[gj];W[ik];B[cj];W[dj];B[ci];W[bj];B[ch];W[ak]
;B[bq];W[cr];B[bk];W[kr];B[op];W[ak];B[dk];W[dl];B[bk];W[ns];B[ps];W[ak];B[fh]
;W[fg];B[bk];W[ks];B[os];W[ak];B[hs];W[is];B[bk];W[kq];B[nr];W[ak];B[dq];W[aq]
;B[bk];W[nq];B[ms];W[ak];B[ar];W[as];B[bk];W[an];B[jm];W[ak];B[lh];W[ll];B[kh]
;W[mh];B[bk];W[of];B[sc];W[ak];B[ej];W[ek];B[bk];W[jh];B[ji];W[ak];B[mk];W[lk]
;B[bk];W[id];B[ic];W[ak];B[fs];W[gs];B[bk];W[cf];B[cg];W[ak];B[bs];W[cs];B[bk]
;W[jd]C[White wins by resignation.])
(;B[jg]N[(b)];W[jf];B[kf];W[jh];B[lg];W[ph];B[oh];W[lh];B[lf];W[ji];B[li];W[jj]C[White 38 gives White good center position, which is a good reason for Black to reserve the splitting move that begins this sequence until later.]
)))
(;W[lf]AB[dd][pp]AW[cp][eq]N[(b)]C[Hane (w) versus Takagawa in the 1973 Pro Best Ten title.];B[ld];W[pc];B[pb];W[od];B[nd];W[of];B[pi];W[qj]
;B[qi]C[White is thin in the upper right, but has sente.];W[nq]LB[rd:a][kd:b]C[Black has a move at 'a', while White can later aim at 'b'.]
(;B[rd]C[White now faces a dilemma: if he tries to prevent Black from connecting, he faces a ko which he cannot afford to lose, owing the his thin shape.]N[(a)])
(;B[]N[(b)]C[Later in the game, if White has secured his shape in the upper right corner...];W[nc]C[... a setup move.];B[ob];W[kd]C[White plays a tough forcing move.

This is only possible with a more established shape than shown for White's stones in the upper right.];B[kc];W[jc])))
(;B[me]AB[dc][gc][dg][pp]C[Black 11 was played by Ishida Yoshio against Iwata in game 4 of the 1971 Pro Best Ten playoff.]AW[ce][ef][dk][cq];W[pc];B[fh];W[fd];B[fc];W[cc];B[cb]
;W[dd];B[ec];W[bc]LB[od:a][nf:b]C[Black continued with 'a'.

Blocking at 'b' would have been a mistake.]
(;B[od]C[Game continuation.]N[(a)];W[oe];B[pi];W[nd];B[nc];W[pb];B[qj];W[qq]LB[mc:a]C[White 22 is big.

White has left the cut at 'a' for later.])
(;B[nf]C[Blocking at 21 makes Black overconcentrated in light of White 8.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc])))
(;W[of]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[ph];W[pc];B[od]))
(;B[lc]AB[cd][ec][qo]AW[pq][co][dq]N[(c)]C[Shusaku versus Ota Yuzo in game 17 of what was supposed to be a 30-game title match; 1853-06-05.];W[pk];B[of];W[oe];B[mg];W[md];B[mc];W[pc]LB[oo:a][rc:b]C[Black continued with 'a', but should have played the placement of 'b' first.]

(;B[oo]N[(a)]C[The actual game continuation.];W[kd]C[Because Black failed to play in the corner, White gets the forcing move of 16.];B[jc];W[mq];B[nk];W[pi];B[nf];W[qm];B[mo];W[qh];B[lq];W[lr]
;B[nq];W[kq];B[nr];W[lp];B[pm];W[pl];B[om];W[qn];B[ro];W[pn];B[po];W[np];B[op]
;W[on];B[no];W[ld];B[nm];W[kn];B[ni];W[ci];B[dj];W[di];B[ej];W[bk];B[eq];W[ep]
;B[fq];W[dp];B[go];W[hq];B[gq];W[hp];B[fo];W[fm];B[hr];W[ir];B[dr];W[cr];B[fr]
;W[hm];B[cs];W[bs];B[ds];W[bq];B[gs];W[is];B[hs];W[cf];B[gl];W[gm];B[ei];W[nb]
;B[nc];W[ob];B[ic];W[rn];B[dg];W[cg];B[jf];W[bd];B[bc];W[dd];B[cc];W[de];B[ik]
;W[ge];B[hf];W[gf];B[gg];W[fg];B[gh];W[gc];B[hd];W[eb];B[dc];W[fc];B[be];W[gb]
;B[db];W[fh];B[gi];W[eh];B[mb];W[lf];B[lg];W[mp];B[oq];W[so];B[sp];W[sn];B[rq]
;W[kl];B[re];W[rc];B[kk];W[jl];B[jk];W[kf];B[kg];W[ho];B[rg];W[rh];B[ed];W[ee]
;B[cl];W[ck];B[dl];W[dk];B[en];W[bl];B[ag];W[gk];B[hk];W[ml];B[ll];W[mm];B[mk]
;W[lm];B[bh];W[fl];B[gj];W[ie];B[he];W[je];B[if];W[hc];B[id];W[ib];B[jb];W[em]
;B[dn];W[bf];B[af];W[ce];B[ad];W[cn];B[ek];W[ja];B[fd];W[gd];B[fe];W[ff];B[ch]
;W[dh];B[ea];W[fb];B[mf];W[me];B[sh];W[si];B[sg];W[rj];B[bj];W[cj];B[bi];W[lk]
;B[lj];W[oh];B[lo];W[ko];B[nh];W[rd];B[ka];W[ia];B[na];W[pb];B[kc];W[se];B[oj]
;W[pj];B[fk];W[jd];B[cm];W[bm];B[gn];W[hn];B[il];W[im];B[mr];W[fa];B[da];W[oa]
;B[ma];W[ms];B[ns];W[ls];B[ak];W[al];B[aj];W[og];B[fi];W[hl];B[pg];W[od];B[gk]
;W[ll]C[White wins by 3.])
(;B[rc]N[(b)])))
(;W[nd]LB[mc:a][nc:b][qc:c]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.  Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[mc]LB[pc:a][qj:b]C[Black 7 is a light move. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[qj];W[nc]C[Black has sente but this is an adequate result for White.])
(;W[qj]N[(b)];B[of];W[oe];B[nf];W[md];B[lc];W[ld];B[kc];W[lf]))
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[md];B[mc];W[ld];B[kc];W[qj];B[nf];W[oe];B[of];W[lf])
(;B[qc]C[Black 7 is too territory oriented in emphasizing the corner.]N[not good (c)];W[rc];B[pc];W[oe];B[rb];W[rd];B[mb];W[qj];B[ng];W[ld]))
(;W[oe]N[(c)]C[White 6 was played by Fujisawa Shuko against Yoshio Ishida in the 1974 Meijin league. The game continuation follows.];B[of];W[ne];B[lc];W[pk];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[md];B[mc];W[pc];B[rc];W[ob];B[nb]
;W[od];B[nc];W[rd];B[pb];W[qb];B[oa];W[rb]))
(;W[pf]LB[pg:a][qg:b]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is playable, but not so good by itself.]
(;B[pg]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[pe:a][of:b][od:c]N[(b)]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[qh]LB[lc:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lc]N[(a)]LB[ng:a][nd:b][qb:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[ng]N[(a)];W[nd];B[rc]C[This is Black's continuation from the joseki.];W[qc];B[qb];W[pb];B[rb];W[pc];B[rd])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[nf];B[ld];W[kd];B[le];W[mc];B[ne];W[og])
(;B[qb]C[Black 'c' is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[nf]LB[rc:a][og:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and Black lives in the corner in gote.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[og];B[oh];W[nh];B[oi];W[ni];B[oj];W[rd])
(;B[og]N[(b)];W[nd];B[rc];W[rd];B[nc];W[mc];B[qc])))
(;W[nd]C[If White wants to play a good point elsewhere, he can take sente with White 8. The idea is to switch elsewhere, answering Black lightly if he plays locally.]N[(b)];B[mc]C[White may play elsewhere ('a'), or make Black overconcentrated while getting good shape ('b').]LB[dp:a][nc:b]
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (a)];B[md]C[Black's continuation when White plays elsewhere.];W[pc];B[od];W[rf];B[nf];W[rg];B[qg];W[qe]LB[nh:a]C[Black 'a' rounds off Black's shape, but may not be necessary.])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[nb];W[ob];B[pb];W[od];B[oa];W[le])))
(;W[of]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]LB[qg:a][og:b][qe:c]N[(b)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[od]LB[pc:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd]LB[mc:a][qc:b][nd:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[qk];B[pj];W[pk];B[oj];W[ok];B[nj];W[mf];B[jc])
(;B[qc]C[Black 11 is not recommended. White gets superior thickness.]N[not good (b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[qk];W[lb])
(;B[nd]C[Black 11 is pointless, as White already has a solid position.]N[not good (c)];W[qc]C[Letting White play 12 in sente is a loss for Black.];B[mc];W[mf]LB[jc:a][pj:b]C[White 14 makes sente of 'a' and 'b'.]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[(b) not good];W[pc]LB[nc:a][oe:b]C[Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[ne];B[ld];W[qe];B[qk];W[jc])
(;B[oe]N[not good (b)];W[pe];B[pd];W[pb]LB[qe:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'; neither is appealing.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[od]C[Black will have to have a very big ko threat for White not to take Black 11 (the marked location).]CR[ne])
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[qe]))))
(;B[og]N[(b)]LB[od:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[od]LB[pc:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd];B[mc]LB[ng:a][qg:b]C[White continues with the hane at 'a'. The cut at 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ng]C[White 12 is the crucial point for both sides.]N[(a)];B[qi];W[ld];B[lc];W[kd];B[jc];W[nh]LB[nf:a][mf:b]C[If Black 'a', White 'b'.])
(;W[qg]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qh];W[rg];B[rh];W[rf];B[ng]C[Black takes the crucial point.]))
(;B[nf]C[Black 9 is an overplay that gives White a big corner.]N[not good (b)];W[nd];B[ng];W[pc]LB[qg:a]C[The cut at 'a' is still and issue.]))
(;W[nf]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe];W[pd];B[ng];W[mf];B[lc]))
(;B[qe]N[(c)];W[pd]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[pe];B[ph];W[pc];B[kc];W[mc]C[White 14 is a probe. White should immediately play this move.]LB[md:a][ob:b]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[ob]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mb])
(;B[nb]C[Black 17 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[pb];W[nd]))
(;B[ob]C[Black 15 is not recommended, as it creates a disadvantageous fight.]N[not good (b)];W[lc];B[ne];W[kd]LB[pb:a]C[White can settle himself with a play at 'a'. Black has no reason to pick this fight.]))
(;B[pe]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[od]C[White easily gets superior territory by sacrificing the two stones.];B[oe];W[nd];B[ne];W[md])))
(;W[od]N[(c)]LB[pc:a][nd:b]C[White 6 is a light way of playing.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[of];B[pd];W[qe];B[qg];W[pe]LB[nd:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[qc];B[og];W[nf];B[ld])
(;B[qc]C[Black 13 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[md]LB[mb:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[nh];B[pj]LB[lb:a]C[White 'a' is a severe follow-up move.])
(;B[nd]N[not good (b)]C[Black 15 is not recommended.];W[nc];B[oe];W[ne];B[od];W[mc])))
(;B[nd]N[(b)]LB[of:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[of]LB[pc:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pd];B[qc];W[qg];B[qh];W[rg];B[ph];W[rf])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[oe];W[pe];B[od];W[qg];B[qh];W[rg];B[qc];W[rc];B[pb];W[rh];B[rd]
;W[qe];B[rb]))
(;W[pc]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[pd]LB[pe:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)]LB[nc:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[md]LB[ob:a][dp:b]C[White takes at 'a'. Not taking the stone ('b') is a mistake.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[lc])
(;W[]LB[ob:a]C[White fails to take at 'a'.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[ob]C[Black aims to sacrifice the two stones to get thickness by squeezing White.];W[nb];B[mb];W[pb];B[mc];W[oa]))
(;W[ne]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[me];B[kc]LB[of:a][qe:b][rd:c]C[White does not have a good follow-up.

White would like to play 'a', causing Black 'b', which threatens Black playing 'c'; that would be a disaster.]))
(;B[nc]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[of]C[White splits Black in two.])))))
(;B[qg]N[(b)]C[The idea behind Black 5 is not to give White momentum, but the move does little for Black either.];W[pe]LB[lc:a][pi:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.];B[lc];W[pi]
(;B[pg];W[og];B[ri];W[nd]C[A sente forcing move by White.];B[nc];W[qj];B[rj];W[qk]C[Black has a low position on the right.])
(;B[qi]LB[nd:a][qj:b]C[Black can play 9 with a favorable ladder.

White continues with 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable to White, or 'b' if the ladder is favorable.]
(;W[nd]N[Black ladder (a)];B[nc];W[pj];B[qj];W[pk];B[qk];W[pl])
(;W[qj]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pj];W[qh];B[ri];W[oi];B[rh];W[pk];B[oh];W[oj]C[The ponnuki is excellent shape for White.];B[og];W[pc]C[White secures the corner in sente.]
;B[od]))))
(;W[od]N[(c)]C[White 4 is a simple move that gives a less satisfactory result than variations 'a' and 'b'.];B[nd]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[oe:a][pf:b]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pc];W[qe]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[qc:a][pg:b]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[qh];B[qg]C[Black must consider carefully before setting this sequence in motion.];W[ph];B[of];W[ne];B[og];W[md];B[nc]C[Black having to connect this way is painful. This is the cost of activating Black 3 without further play by Black at top.];W[me])
(;B[pg]N[(b)]C[Black 9 emphasizes the right side.];W[qc];B[ng]LB[mg:a][nf:b]C[White has a tesuji at 'a'. White 'b' is now considered good for Black.]
(;W[mg]N[tesuji (a)]LB[nh:a][me:b][nf:c][ne:d]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black cannot resist with 'b', 'c', or 'd'.]
(;B[nh]N[(a)];W[nf];B[lc];W[lf];B[qk])
(;B[me]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nf])
(;B[nf]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[ne];B[me];W[nc]LB[md:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[nb])
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[md];B[ld];W[mb];B[nd];W[nb];B[lb];W[md];B[lc];W[pb]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];W[nf];B[of];W[mf]LB[mc:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)])
(;B[lc]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob]LB[nb:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black cannot resist with 'b'.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[pb])
(;B[pb]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[md];W[mb]))))
(;W[nf]N[(b)]LB[mg:a][lc:b]C[White 12 is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mg]N[(a)];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[mb]LB[md:a][na:b]C[White 'a' leads to bad shape for White. White 'b' takes the corner, but gives Black thickness.]
(;W[md]N[(a)]C[With White 18, White gets out at the top, while Black makes a low group at top.];B[na];W[ne];B[ob];W[lc]C[It is not easy to attack the black group at the top forcefully. The exchange of the marked stones is bad for White.]MA[nf][mg])
(;W[na]N[(b)]C[White takes the corner, giving Black considerable thickness.];B[md];W[pb];B[mf]C[Black's thickness may be considered superior to White's corner.]))
(;B[lc]N[(b)];W[mg];B[nh];W[lf];B[qj]))))
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[pd];W[qe];B[pe];W[qg];B[rf];W[rg];B[of];W[pg];B[qc];W[re];B[rd];W[sf]
))
(;W[qe]LB[pg:a][pf:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' has been played professionally.]N[(d)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)]LB[od:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[nd]LB[oe:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pb];W[qb];B[qc];W[rc];B[pc];W[rb];B[re];W[rd];B[ng])
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[md];W[of];B[pc];W[me];B[ld];W[og]))
(;W[oe]LB[lc:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[ob];W[pb])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[nf]LB[pc:a]C[Black will probably extend down the right next, so White gets a base with 'a'.])))
(;B[pf]C[Black 5 was played by Handa Dogen against Kitani Minoru in round 2 of the 18th (1963) Honinbo League.]N[(b)];W[od];B[pc];W[qc];B[qj];W[nd];B[mc];W[nc];B[nb];W[ob]C[The two Black stones are captured. In the game, Black played elsewhere.])))
(;B[qg]C[White may respond at 'a' or 'b'. He must not permit Black 'a' by playing elsewhere.]LB[pe:a][od:b]N[niken basami (2-space pincer) (f)]
(;W[pe]LB[qj:a][og:b][md:c]N[kosumi (diagonal) (a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', continuing to emphasize the right side. Black 'c' is playable, but shifts Black focus to the top.]
(;B[qj]LB[pc:a][of:b][lc:c][nd:d]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'd' is not recommended.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[od];W[pb])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[lc];W[pc])
(;W[lc]N[(c)]LB[nd:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Sliding into the corner with Black 'b' is premature.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[of];B[me];W[pc];B[kd];W[jc])
(;B[qb]C[The slide of Black 7 is premature.]N[not good (b)];W[nd];B[nc];W[md];B[rc];W[og]))
(;W[nd]N[not good (d)]LB[nc:a][mc:b]C[White 6 is not recommended. There is no point giving away territory in this way.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[ld];B[mc];W[ne];B[kc];W[pc]C[Grabbing the corner is small compensation.])
(;B[mc]C[Black 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[od]LB[pc:a][ob:b]C[Black 'a' (a sacrifice play) and 'b' are possible continuations.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[ob];B[mb];W[pb])
(;B[ob]N[(b)];W[le]))))
(;B[og]LB[nd:a][pc:b][ne:c]N[(b)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nc];W[pc];B[od];W[oe];B[kc])
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[ne]C[White leaves until later how to attack Black's thinness.])
(;W[ne]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[md]LB[me:a][pc:b]C[Black 7 is a very effective move.

White 'a' and 'b' are both unpleasant to White.]
(;W[me]C[White 8, prompting Black to crawl along the fourth line, is painful.]N[(a)];B[ld];W[pc];B[od];W[oe];B[mg]C[Black forces another push by White.];W[le];B[kd])
(;W[pc];B[od]N[(b)];W[oe];B[me];W[ng];B[mf];W[nf];B[oh]C[White has poor shape.])))
(;B[md]C[Black 5 is a bit inconsistent. In this case, Black 3 would be better placed one space higher (4th line).]N[(c)];W[pc];B[od]LB[pb:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[ic])
(;W[of]N[(b)])))
(;W[od]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (b)]C[The idea of White 4 is to settle shape quickly. Professionals shy away from such play, because while fortifying oneself, they also strengthen the opponent, foreclosing later options.];B[nd];W[oe];B[pc];W[qc]LB[kc:a][qj:b][qb:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[kc]N[(a)]LB[qf:a][dp:b][pj:c]C[White continues with 1. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b'). If self-preservation of the White corner stones is not top priority, White 'c' may be feasible.]
(;W[qf]C[White 10 is necessary.]N[(a)];B[rf];W[re];B[pf];W[qe])
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]LB[rf:a][qb:b]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake. Black continues with 'a', or the more sneaky 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[qe];B[og];W[nf];B[md])
(;B[qb]N[(b)]LB[qf:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)]LB[rf:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[re];B[pf];W[qe]LB[rb:a][rg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. White lives.])
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[og]))
(;W[rb]C[White has been tricked.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[pe];B[qe]LB[pb:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[nc]C[White still has to settle himself into a small corner. White prospects are dim.])
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[re]))))
(;W[pj]N[(c)];B[og];W[ph];B[pg];W[nf]LB[ng:a][qb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ng]N[(a)];W[nc]C[The ensuing fight may take several directions.])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[rb];B[pd];W[pe];B[qe];W[re];B[qf];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb]
;W[me]C[White lives in the corner, and Black must find eye-shape for the Black stones on the right.])))
(;B[qj]N[(b)];W[kc];B[ne]LB[pg:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is wrong.]
(;W[pg]LB[qh:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not as good.]N[(a)]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[og];B[le];W[id])
(;B[ph]C[Black 13 is not recommended: the move is not bad, but the other variation is slightly better.]N[(b)];W[og]C[Since White is going to play 14 anyway, Black shouldn't help.];B[qf];W[qe];B[le];W[id]))
(;W[og]N[mistake (b)]C[White 12 is a mistake.];B[le];W[id];B[lb]CR[nc]LB[rf:a][kb:b]C[Black 15 defends against the marked cutting point.

White continues with 'a'. White cannot afford to defend at top with 'b'.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qf];W[qe];B[rg]C[Black 17 and 19 strengthen Black for which White has no compensation.])
(;W[kb]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[pe];B[qe];W[qf];B[pf]LB[of:a][re:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai, a terrible result for White.])))
(;B[qb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[rb];B[pd];W[pe];B[qe]LB[nc:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[qf]LB[lc:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[re];B[md]C[White has played elsewhere once, Black 3 is now useless: the result favors White.])
(;B[re]C[Black 19 only makes Black's situation worse.]N[mistake (b)];W[pb];B[ob];W[qa];B[lc];W[rf];B[ne];W[pg];B[nf];W[ph]))
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[ob];W[qa];B[mc]))))
(;B[qh]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[Black 1 is mainly influenced by the position in the bottom right corner. It indicates a special strategy and is not seen often. In the local context it is a slack move.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[sangen basami (3-space pincer) (g)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[od]LB[qf:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qf]N[(b)];B[og])
(;W[pe]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qf]LB[qe:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[kc])
(;W[pb]N[mistake (b)];B[ld];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[rd]LB[re:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qe];W[rc];B[pd];W[sd])
(;W[rc]C[White 11 is a mistake. White cannot make two eyes in the corner.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[ob];B[nb];W[ra];B[sb];W[sc];B[oa];W[pa];B[pd];W[qe];B[qb]AB[pg][nf]C[If White is sealed in the corner, such as with the extra Black stones as shown, White dies when Black plays 22.]
;W[rb];B[qc];W[qa];B[qc]))))
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[lc];W[pc];B[od]))
(;B[pg]LB[pe:a][od:b]C[The aim of Black 3 is to take advantage of White's response to play at the top.

White 'a' is more common. White 'b' is the same as the one-space pincer variations.]N[nikken taka-basami (2-space high pincer) (h)]
(;W[pe]LB[md:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[pc];B[od]LB[pb:a][jd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. A checking extension such as 'b' is not possible.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[ic])
(;W[jd]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[qc];B[qe];W[qf];B[re];W[pf];B[rf];W[qg];B[rg];W[qh];B[rd]
))
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[of];B[pf];W[od];B[ne];W[nd];B[me]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[lc];W[lb]C[White 14 helps strengthen Black, but secures White's position in sente.];B[kb];W[mb];B[kd])
(;W[md]C[White 12 is an overplay; White cannot make territory so easily.]N[mistake (b)];B[le];W[ld];B[ke];W[jc];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb]C[The two-step hane is the tesuji.]N[nidan bane];W[pc];B[qb]LB[pb:a][rd:b]C[White 'b' looks obviously right, but is wrong. White must play 'a' and concede the corner.]

(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[rd];W[re];B[sc])
(;W[rd]N[mistake (b)]C[White 22 is a mistake.];B[pb];W[pd];B[nb]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[sb])
(;W[sb]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mb];W[lb];B[lc]LB[kd:a][kc:b][mc:c]C[White must play 'a'; 'b' and 'c' are unreasonable.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)];B[kb])
(;W[kc]C[White 30 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[kd];B[kb])
(;W[mc]C[White 30 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[kc];W[kd];B[kb]))))))
(;W[od]N[(b)]LB[nd:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nd];W[oe]C[See variation 4-1-5-3-1 for other continuations.];B[pc];W[qc];B[qf];W[qe]C[See variation 4-1-5-3-1 for continuations.])
(;B[pd]C[Regardless of the ladder, Black 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[pc];W[re];B[oe];W[of];B[nd];W[pf]C[Black 3 has lost all power, which is not compensated for by Black's ponnuki.])))
(;B[pf]LB[qe:a][qf:b][pe:c][od:d][dp:e]N[taisha (i)]C[Black 3 initiates the taisha (large slant) joseki, regarded as one of the most complex joseki, and noted for its multitude of variations. For the complex variations (variation 'd'), Black must have the ladder.

White may play at 'a' through 'c', or play elsewhere (e), to avoid complications. These are compromise moves, so slight disadvantages cannot be avoided. There are compromise moves even after attaching at 'd'.
]
(;W[qe]LB[oe:a][qc:b][qf:c]N[narabi (extend) (a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[qg];B[jc])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[rc];B[pc];W[qg];B[rb];W[pg])
(;B[qf]C[Black 5 is an overplay.]N[not good (c)];W[od];B[nd];W[oe];B[pc];W[qc]C[Black 3 should be at P13, not P14.]))
(;W[qf]LB[pe:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[shita-tsuke (attach underneath) (b)]
(;B[pe]N[(a)]LB[qe:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pg];W[qh])
(;W[qg]C[White 6 gives Black a favorable result.]N[not good (b)];B[qe];W[re]LB[pd:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)]LB[rd:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[jc])
(;W[qc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rf];W[rd];B[qh]LB[rg:a][pg:b]C[White must suffer and play 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[pg]C[White 14 offers White a fight with little propsect of gain.]N[mistake (b)];B[rg];W[ph];B[qi])))
(;B[qc]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[od];W[rd])))
(;B[qg]LB[pe:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' leads to complications.]N[(b)]
(;W[pe]N[simple (a)]C[White 6 is a simple variation.];B[rf];W[qe];B[pg];W[nd]LB[mc:a][qk:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[pc])
(;B[qk]N[(b)]C[Black 11 is recommended if White is likely to pincer on the right.];W[nc]C[There is still aji in Black 1.]))
(;W[pg]C[White 6 introduces complications. The ladder is important.]N[complex: kiri-chigae (cross-cut) (b)];B[qe];W[rf]LB[of:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[of]N[(a)]LB[re:a][qh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[ph];W[pc];B[nd])
(;W[qh]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[rg];B[pd]C[Black's corner profit is substantial.]))
(;B[pe]N[(b)]C[Black 9 is sensible with an unfavorable ladder.];W[re];B[qh];W[og];B[ne];W[qc];B[pj]))))
(;W[pe]N[tsuppari (slap against) (c)]LB[oe:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a', or possibly the unorthodox 'b'.]
(;B[oe]LB[qf:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qf]LB[pg:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qg];B[ph]LB[qh:a][qi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[pi];W[qj]LB[ic:a][qc:b]C[Black can play at 'a' or first force at 'b'.]
(;B[ic]N[(a)]LB[od:a][dp:b]C[White 'a' makes Black thick, but playing elsewhere ('b') is also costly.]
(;W[od]C[White 14 is after the joseki. The corner is at stake, but playing this early makes Black thick.]N[(a)];B[nd];W[pd]LB[ne:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob])
(;B[nc]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[of];W[me];B[lc]C[Black is low.];W[mg]C[Black's center stones will have to make life in the center, giving White opportunity for profit as well as ruining Black's thickness.]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[pd];W[qe];B[qc];W[rc];B[qb]))
(;B[qc]LB[rc:a][dp:b]N[(b)]C[White will normally answer at 'a'. In a 1985 Meijin game against Kobayashi, Cho with Black didn't answer, and 'b' shows what happened.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[ic]LB[od:a]C[The exchange of the marked stones aims at dissuading White of wedging at 'a'. The continuation shows why.];W[od];B[nd];W[pd];B[pc];W[rb];B[mc];W[ne];B[of];W[me]
;B[kd]C[All of Black's stones are working together efficiently.])
(;W[]N[(b)];B[pd];W[qe];B[qi];W[ri];B[pj];W[qk];B[rj];W[rk];B[rd];W[re];B[rc];W[rh]
)))
(;W[qi]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[qe];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[qb];B[pc]LB[rd:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonble.]
(;W[rd]LB[qh:a]C[White must defend with 18 because of the potential thrust at 'a'.]N[(a)])
(;W[sb]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri]LB[rg:a][rj:b]C[White must play 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rg]C[White 22 is necessary.]N[(a)];B[qj]C[Black cuts off the White stone.])
(;W[rj]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rg];W[si];B[rd];W[rf];B[sc]))))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[qe];B[qc];W[rc];B[qb];W[pg];B[of];W[qj]))
(;W[od]C[The hanekomi of White 6 was invented by Kitani Minoru.]N[(b)];B[nd];W[pd]LB[ne:a][of:b][nc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)]LB[nc:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[nc]LB[mc:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[nb]LB[mb:a][ld:b][qf:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[ob];B[og])
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[ob];B[qf])
(;B[qf]N[(c)];W[mb];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[qb];W[pb]C[White 19...];B[rd]C[... allows Black 20.]))
(;B[ob]N[(b)]LB[nb:a][mc:b]C[Black 11 is a relatively recent innovation. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nb]LB[lc:a][qb:b]C[The joseki continues at 'a', but it is important to know how to answer Black 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[lc]N[(a)]LB[pb:a][lb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is pointless.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[mc];W[pc]
(;B[og])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[pg]LB[qf:a][og:b]C[Black fights back with 'a', or plays solidly with 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)]C[Black 19 provokes a fight.];W[of];B[qg];W[og];B[qi];W[oi]LB[le:a][pk:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[le]C[Black 24 is honte (the correct defense).]N[(a)];W[qj];B[rj];W[pi];B[rh];W[qk];B[rk];W[ql])
(;B[pk]N[(b)];W[mf];B[le]))
(;B[og]N[(b)];W[qf];B[oh])))
(;W[lb]C[White 14 is fruitless.]N[not good (b)];B[mc];W[mb];B[kc];W[pb]))
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[qc]LB[lc:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. White cannot live in the corner with 'b'.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)]LB[pb:a][lb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[mc];W[oa];B[og])
(;W[lb]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oa]LB[kc:a][rb:b]C[Black 17 is the tesuji.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[ld];W[mc];B[rb]C[White faces a tough fight.])
(;W[rb]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mb];W[mc];B[md];W[ma];B[na];W[mb];B[kb])))
(;B[pb]C[Black cannot live in the corner.]N[(b)];W[lc];B[rc];W[rd];B[sc];W[qf]LB[qg:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[pg];B[of];W[rg];B[qh];W[re])
(;B[pg]C[Black 23 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qg];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri];W[ph];B[qi];W[of];B[og];W[nf]))))
(;W[mc]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc]LB[qf:a][qc:b]C[Black 13 is the tesuji. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi];W[qc];B[qb];W[rb];B[sb];W[pb];B[ra];W[pa]
;B[rd];W[qe];B[ld])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[qb];W[rb];B[sb];W[pb];B[ra];W[pa];B[rd];W[nb];B[qf]))))
(;W[qf]C[White 10 is not recommended, as it gives Black superior thickness.]N[not good (b)];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob];B[qh]))
(;B[of]N[(b)];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[md];W[ob])
(;B[nc]N[(c)]LB[of:a][qf:b]C[Whit continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[ne];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[rf];W[rg];B[rc]LB[rd:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[qc]LB[og:a][nf:b]C[Black can aim at the cutting point at 'a'. The atari at 'b' and connection of 'a' is less promising.];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[og];W[nf];B[mf];W[ng];B[oh];W[mg];B[lf]C[Black 26 is the move Black wants to be forced into making: crawling on the sixth line.]
)
(;W[re]C[White 18 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[nf];W[og];B[rd];W[sf]))
(;W[qf]C[White 10 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];B[of];W[qh];B[ic]))))
(;B[of]N[(b)]LB[nd:a][oe:b]C[Black 5 was invented by Hashimoto Utaro in 1964 (played in the 19th Honinbo League agasint Kitani Minoru).

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nc];W[md];B[mc];W[od];B[pc];W[qf];B[qg];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[kb];W[jc]
;B[jb];W[ic];B[ph])
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[nf];W[qf];B[qg];W[ne];B[rf];W[qe];B[lc];W[mf];B[ph];W[jc])))
(;W[od]N[taisha: tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (d)];B[pd];W[pe];B[pc]LB[oe:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' requires a favorable ladder.]
(;W[oe]C[White 8 requires a favorable ladder.]N[soto (outside) (a)];B[qe];W[qf];B[re];W[pg]LB[mc:a][rf:b][dp:c]C[Black 'a' is joseki. Black 'b' leads to a slightly unfavorable position for Black. Black should not play elsewhere ('c').]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[of];B[rd])
(;B[rf]C[Black 13 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[of]LB[rg:a][qh:b]C[Black 'a' is best. Black 'b' is riskier.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc]C[White's thickness is better: Black has territory, but his position is too low.])
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[mc];W[nd]LB[ob:a][lb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' involves a dangerous ko for Black.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[lc]LB[rg:a]C[White 'a' remains as bad aji in Black's position.])
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[rd]LB[ob:a][ma:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' only makes the ko worse for Black.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[rg];B[qg];W[se];B[pf];W[md]LB[qf:a][lc:b]C[Black connects the ko at 'a'. If ];B[qf];W[lc];B[rc]C[Black has no choice but to connect the ko at 29. If he defends against 28, White will take the ko and ignore any ko threat.

White has sente, making this a good result for him.])
(;B[ma]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 23 is a mistake.];W[rg];B[qg];W[se];B[pf];W[pb]TR[oc][pc][pd][qe][re][rf]C[Black will probably lose one of the marked groups.]))))
(;B[]N[Black tenuki; not good (c)]C[Black plays elsewhere; not recommended.];W[of];B[rd];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[mc];W[nd];B[ob];W[lc]))
(;W[qe]N[shita (underneath) (b)];B[oe]LB[of:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' leads to the difficult variations of the taisha.]
(;W[of]LB[nd:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]LB[ne:a][pg:b]C[White fights ko with 'a'. White 'b' to avoid ko is unthinkable.]
(;W[ne]LB[me:a][md:b][nf:c][od:d]C[Black continues with 'a' or  'b'. Black 'c' is bold, as it requires Black having large ko threats. Black 'd' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[od];B[qc];W[oe];B[md]LB[qi:a][dp:b]C[White continues locally with 'a'. White may play elsewhere, but this is not recommended.]
(;W[qi]C[From the standpoint of tewari, this result is slightly favorable to Black.]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, not recommended.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[ph];W[oh];B[oi];W[nh];B[pj]C[White's position has eroded considerably.]))
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[od];B[qc];W[pg])
(;B[nf]C[Black must have some very large ko threats to play this way.]N[large ko (c)])
(;B[od]C[Black 13 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];W[qc];B[nf];W[og];B[me];W[pg]C[Despite the ponnuki, the result favors White.]))
(;W[pg]C[White 12 is cowardice.]N[mistake (b)];B[nf];W[og]))
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[pg];B[nf];W[og]))
(;W[nd]C[White 10 leads to the difficult variations. 

Black must have the ladders.]N[taisha (a)];B[qc]LB[qf:a][nc:b]C[Black 11 is the only move.

White 'a' is the only continuation. White 'b' is close to being a trick play, although it is a hard one to deal with.]
(;W[qf]LB[of:a][pg:b][ne:c][ld:d]N[(a)]C[White 12 is the only continuation.

Black continues with 'a' through 'c'.

Black 'd' is a trick play.]
(;B[of]N[(a)]LB[qh:a][nc:b]C[Joseki continues with White 'a'. White 'b' is a trick play that requires careful answering.]
(;W[qh]LB[mb:a][mc:b][ld:c][md:d][me:e][le:f]C[Black has six possible continuations: 'a' through 'f'.

f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]N[(a)]
(;B[mb]N[(a)]LB[ld:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' may be playable if caring for the two White center stones is a burden.]
(;W[ld]LB[oh:a][mh:b][nh:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;B[oh]N[(a)]LB[pj:a][jd:b]C[White continue with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pj]N[(a)];B[lg]LB[kg:a]C[Black 19 at 'a' is also possible.];W[jd])
(;N[(b)]W[jd];B[qi];W[ri];B[ph];W[rg];B[qj];W[rj];B[qk]))
(;B[mh]N[(b)];W[pg];AE[og][oh]B[mf];W[jd];B[pi];W[rj];B[og])
(;B[nh]N[(c)]LB[pj:a][jd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pj]N[(a)];B[kg];W[jd])
(;W[jd]C[White 18 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pj];W[rj];B[ph];W[qi];B[nk])))
(;W[pg]C[White 16 is not recommended, but perhaps reasonable if caring for the two White center stones is a burden.]N[not good (b)];B[me]LB[md:a]C[Black later playing at 'a' to seal the White stones is a good idea.

White cannot pull the two stones out, as the continuations show.];W[md];B[le];W[ld];B[kd]LB[lb:a][ne:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[lb]N[(a)];B[lc];W[mc];B[kc];W[nb];B[ma]LB[nc:a][na:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[ob];W[na];B[kb])
(;W[na]N[(b)];B[nc];W[la];B[mb];W[ma];B[ne];W[mb];B[ob]))
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nf];W[mf];B[ng];W[mg];B[nh];W[mh];B[mi];W[li];B[ke];W[ni];B[oi];W[mj]
;B[oh];W[oj];B[pi])))
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[md]LB[ld:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[ld]LB[nc:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[nc]N[joseki (a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[lc];W[ob]LB[na:a][me:b]C[Black must sacrifice another stone by playing 'a'. Black 'b' results in a ko unfavorable to Black.]
(;B[na]LB[me:a][ma:b]C[White must play 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[me]LB[lb:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. If White plays properly, he may secure a favorable result.]N[(a)]
(;B[lb]N[(a)];W[rc];B[pb];W[mg];B[oh];W[mi];B[oj];W[rb]C[White 32 is big. This result favors White.])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[le];B[ke];W[kf];B[je];W[lg]LB[oh:a][pj:b]C[Black gets a good position at the top, but his three center stones are forfeit: Black 'a' prompts White 'b'. ]))
(;W[ma]N[mistake (b)];B[me];W[oa];B[nb];W[na];B[ne];W[nb];B[lb];W[rc];B[qb]LB[rb:a][qa:b]C[White plays 'a' and is captured outright. White plays 'b' and gets an unfavorable ko.]

(;W[rb]LB[pa:a][ra:b]C[Black can play 'a' or 'b' to capture.]N[(a)])
(;W[qa]N[(b)];B[rb];W[sb];B[rd];W[ra];B[sc];W[pb])))
(;B[me]N[mistake (ko) (b)];W[na];B[ne];W[nb];B[pb];W[rc];B[rb];W[pa];B[qb];W[rd];B[sb];W[lb];B[kb]
;W[ra];B[qa];W[kc];B[jb];W[sc];B[oa]LB[le:a]C[A ko fight, but unfavorable to Black, as White has ko threats, beginning with 'a'.]))
(;W[le]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc];W[kd];B[lc];W[me];B[ke]))
(;B[lc]C[Black 17 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[ld];B[kd];W[ke];B[jd];W[lf];B[oh];W[pj]C[White has a very favorable center position for the fight ahead; adequate compensation for Black's situation at top.];B[mg]C[Black looks more solid at top than he really is. The continuation demonstrates.];W[nc];B[nb]
;W[ob]LB[mb:a][pb:b]C[Now Black faces an uncomfortable choice: 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[mb];B[oa];W[kc];B[lb];W[kb]C[White successfully separates the Black stones.])))
(;B[ld]N[(c)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[mc];W[ob];B[na];W[me]LB[pb:a][lb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[le];B[kd];W[ke];B[jd]LB[je:a]C[The result favors White. 'a' is sente.];W[oh])
(;B[lb]N[(b)];W[rc];B[pb];W[le]C[With Black's three center stones weak, this also favors White.]))
(;B[md]C[Black 15 is a trick play.]N[trick (d)];W[nc]LB[mc:a][ne:b]C[White 16 is the only move.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)]LB[ne:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[nb];W[me]LB[oh:a][ph:b][le:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' leads to ko. Black 'c' is not recommended.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[ke]LB[lb:a][qi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'.

Black 'b' starts a fight that is tougher on Black than White.]
(;B[lb]N[(a)];W[pj]C[White has a satisfactory result.])
(;B[qi]C[Black 23 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[rc]LB[lb:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[lb]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pb];W[pa];B[ob];W[ph];B[pi];W[oi])
(;B[rb]C[Black 25 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[ri];B[ph];W[rg];B[qj];W[rj];B[qk];W[mb];B[ob];W[lc]LB[rd:a]C[White 'a' is also sente.])))
(;B[ph]C[Black 21 is not recommended in Ishida's joseki dictionary, but the problem for Black with the ensuing ko is not apparent.]N[(b)];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[qg];W[pi]
(;B[pg]N[(a)])
(;B[rg]C[Black 27 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pg];B[rf]LB[ph:a][rd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[ph])))
(;B[le]C[Black 21 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];W[ng];B[nf];W[mf];B[mg];W[lf];B[nh];W[ke]MA[pg]C[White also has the squeeze play at the marked stone.]))
(;W[nb]N[mistake (b)];B[ne];W[mb];B[lb];W[ob];B[pb];W[rc];B[pa]LB[qa:a][qb:b]C[The White stones are captured.

White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[qa]N[(a)];B[rb])
(;W[qb]C[White 26 goes for ko.]N[(b)];B[rb];W[ra];B[ma])))
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[mc]LB[lc:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)];W[lb];B[ld];W[ob];B[pb]LB[kb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[kb]N[(a)];B[nb];W[mb];B[oa];W[jd])
(;W[nb]N[(b)];B[kb];W[rc];B[pa];W[qa];B[rb];W[oa];B[qb];W[sb];B[ra];W[ma];B[rd]MA[sd]C[White can later aim at a ko at the marked location, but not immediately (with the stones as is).]
;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[qg];W[rg];B[pg];W[rf];B[sc]C[White is still low, so the thrust of Black 36 was successful.]))
(;B[ld]N[(b)];W[ob];B[pb];W[kb];B[kc];W[nb]LB[rb:a][lb:b]C[White 24 is sente, as Black must make eyes in the corner by playing 'a'.

White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[jc])
(;B[lb]C[Black 25, preventing White from escaping, seals the fate of the Black corner stones: Black loses the race to capture.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[rb];W[pa];B[qb];W[sc]C[Black loses the race to capture.]))))
(;B[me]N[(e)]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[lc]LB[ob:a][rc:b]C[White continues at 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' starts a fight. White 'b' gives up the three White stones.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pb];W[nb];B[rb];W[rd];B[qa];W[lb]LB[kc:a][kb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable, but White must counter well or lose the game.
]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ic];W[ib];B[mg];W[qk];B[gc])
(;B[kb]LB[ld:a][kc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' fails.]N[mistake (b)]
(;W[ld]LB[md:a][le:b][ph:c]C[Black may try 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[mc];B[kc];W[ne];B[nf];W[mf];B[le];W[ng]LB[lf:a]C[Note that White plays 34, not at 'a'.])
(;B[le]LB[kc:a][kd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[kd];W[jc];B[md];W[mc]LB[jb:a][ic:b]C[Black cannot win the ko. If Black 'a', White 'b' is a ko threat in itself.])
(;W[kd]C[White 28 is a mistake. White loses.]N[mistake (b)];B[md];W[kc];B[mc];W[mb];B[jb]))
(;B[ph]LB[qi:a][kc:b]N[(c)]C[White continues with 'a', giving up the White stones at top (and 30 points of territory) for thickness. 

White 'b' saves the top stones, but the stones at right are hemmed in (in White gote). This variation is not recommended for White.]
(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[md];W[ne];B[nf];W[kc];B[mc];W[mb];B[jb];W[mf];B[le];W[lf];B[ke];W[ng]
;B[oh];W[ni];B[pg];W[kf];B[je];W[jf];B[ie];W[nh];B[oa];W[oi];B[la]C[White's thickness compensates for the 30 point loss of territory.])
(;W[kc]C[White 28 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qi];W[rh];B[ri];W[si];B[pi];W[sc];B[sb];W[se])))
(;W[kc]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ph]C[Black 27 initiates an exchange that favors Black.];W[qi];B[kd];W[jc];B[mb];W[ld];B[la]LB[le:a][md:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[le]N[(a)];B[md];W[mc];B[ne];W[lb];B[qg]C[The problem is that White has no ko threats...];W[lc]C[... so must connect...];B[rg]C[... giving Black considerable profit.])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[jd]LB[le:a][ic:b][jb:c]C['a' and 'b' are miai.

White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[le];B[ic])
(;W[jb]C[White 36 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[le]C[Black creates a ko situation.];W[mc];B[id]C[Extending with 39, waiting to play the ko, is good enough for Black.])))))
(;W[rc]N[(b)]LB[nb:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[qb];B[pb];W[pa];B[ob];W[rb];B[ne])
(;B[rb]C[Black 19 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];W[ob];B[pb];W[pa];B[qb];W[nb];B[rd];W[lb]LB[ra:a][sc:b][qa:c]C[The sequence ends.

Later, after White secures the group at top, White 'a', Black 'b', White 'c' creates a "flower-viewing" ko for White. This potential remains as bad aji for Black.])))
(;W[md]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[le];W[nb];B[ob]LB[kc:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[id]C[Black 21 is a good large-scale pressing move.];W[jc];B[je];W[hc]LB[qj:a][oi:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qj]C[Black 25 provokes Black to the center.]N[(a)])
(;B[oi]C[Black plays this way when the right side is uninteresting.]N[(b)];W[pj];B[nk]))
(;W[ld]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 20 is bad, as it only makes these stones heavier.];B[kd];W[kc]LB[jd:a][jc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[jd]N[(a)];W[jc];B[id])
(;B[jc]C[Black 23 is an overplay, even if the ladder to the lower left favors Black.]N[mistake (b)];W[ke];B[jd];W[ne];B[nf];W[mf];B[lf];W[mg]C[Black has lost if the ladder is unfavorable. Even with a favorable ladder, this is not a favorable situation for Black.]))))
(;B[le]N[(f)];W[nc];B[lc];W[ob];B[pb];W[nb];B[rb];W[rd];B[qa]LB[ld:a][kd:b][me:c]C[White continues with 'a' if the ladder is favorable. White may also play 'b' or 'c' regardless of the ladder.]

(;W[ld]N[(a)]LB[kd:a][md:b]C[White 24 is a tesuji.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[kd]N[(a)];W[md]LB[mf:a][me:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable. 

If the ladder is unfavorable for White, White has made a serious mistake, and Black continues with 'b'.]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[kc];B[jc];W[kb];B[jd];W[lb]LB[jb:a][ke:b]C[White has a slightly favorable position, as Black 'a' is not sente, and the cutting point of 'b' is disfavorable aji.])
(;B[me]N[(b)]C[Black plays 27 if the ladder to the lower left is unfavorable to White.];W[kc];B[kb];W[jc];B[mb]
(;W[jb]N[(a)];B[ne]LB[ma:a][ka:b]C[Black 'a' is the best Black can do: a flower-viewing ko for White.

Black 'b' results directly in a loss through a snapback.]
(;W[ma]N[(a)];B[na];W[oa];B[la];W[mc];B[na]MA[qg]C[The marked location remains a ko threat for Black if needed.])
(;W[ka]N[(b)];B[na]LB[oa:a][lb:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'; neither work.]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[ma];W[lb];B[pa];W[mc];B[lc])
(;W[lb]N[(b)];B[oa];W[mc];B[lc])))
(;W[ne]C[White may play 32 with a favorable ladder.]N[White ladder (b)];B[nf];W[ke];B[jd];W[kf];B[lf])))
(;B[md]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[kd];W[ng]C[White captures the three Black stones];B[ph];W[oh];B[pg];W[pi];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh];W[qi]
;B[rf];W[sg];B[sf];W[ri];B[sh];W[rg];B[rc];W[og];B[sg];W[nf];B[rg];W[se]C[White 48 is the winning tesuji.]))
(;W[kd]N[(b)]C[White 24 is an older joseki. Black gets a low position, but has the aji of a potential cutting point.];B[ld];W[kb];B[lb];W[la];B[kc];W[jb];B[id];W[hc]LB[mf:a]C[White is low, but can aim at 'a'.];B[ma]C[Black 33 may look a reasonable to separate White connection, but it's not.]
;W[rc];B[sb];W[pa];B[oa];W[na])
(;W[me]N[(c)]LB[mf:a][ph:b]C[White 24 is playable regardless of the ladder.

Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[lf]LB[md:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[ne];B[nf];W[lb];B[kb];W[lg]LB[nh:a][oa:b][mb:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' only look promising.]
(;B[nh]N[(a)];W[kc];B[ld];W[jb];B[mb];W[ka];B[mc];W[ke];B[oa];W[qk]C[White discards seven stones, but gains a favorable result.])
(;B[oa]N[(b)];W[mb];B[kc];W[pg]C[White wins the capturing race by one.])
(;B[mb]N[(c)];W[mc];B[ld];W[ma];B[oa];W[jb]C[White 38 is the tesuji that puts White ahead.]))
(;B[ld]C[Black 27 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[nf]LB[mg:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[mg]N[(a)];W[ne]LB[oh:a][ng:b][ph:c]C[Black may try 'a' to 'c'. None work.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[ng];B[ph];W[qi];B[nh];W[mh];B[lg];W[lh];B[kg];W[pg];B[og];W[ni];B[qg]
;W[oi]C[The black stones are captured.];B[rg];W[pi];B[pg];W[rf])
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[og];B[pg];W[oh])
(;B[ph]N[(c)];W[oh];B[pg];W[pi]))
(;B[ne]C[Black 29 is an obvious mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mg]LB[oh:a][md:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)];W[md])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[mf]
(;B[ph]N[(a)];W[oh])
(;B[oh]N[(b)];W[og];B[pg];W[ph];B[ng];W[qg];B[og];W[oi];B[nh];W[mh])))))
(;B[ph]N[(b)]LB[lf:a][qi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[lf];B[qi];W[qg];B[pi];W[ri];B[rj];W[sh];B[ke];W[mg]LB[na:a]C[White 'a' remains as sente.])
(;W[qi]C[White 26 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[mf]LB[lf:a][ld:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[ld];W[nf];B[mg];W[ng];B[ne];W[md];B[oh];W[mh];B[lg];W[nh];B[oj]C[White has lost.]
)
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[kd];W[md];B[ke];W[kc];B[kb];W[jc];B[mb]C[White loses the capturing race.]))))))
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh]C[Black 15 and 17 are essential.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rb];W[sb]LB[nb:a][rd:b]C[White prepares for the ko.

Black first plays the hane of 'a' to provide ko material. Jumping into the ko immediately with 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[mb];B[rd];W[sd];B[sc];W[qh];B[pg];W[rc];B[mc]LB[md:a][re:b][ob:c]C[White continues the fight with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]

(;W[md]N[(a)];B[sc];W[rf];B[se];W[ri];B[ph];W[qi];B[lc]LB[ld:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ld];B[lb];W[jd];B[lg]C[Black gets a favorable result.])
(;W[ob];B[ld];W[me];B[le];W[mf];B[lf];W[mg];B[pi];W[qk];B[pk]))
(;W[re]C[White 30 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[md];W[qi];B[ne]C[The result greatly favors Black.])
(;W[ob]C[White 30 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[sc];W[rf];B[se];W[ri];B[ph];W[qi];B[md];W[ne];B[mf]))
(;B[rd]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[sd];B[sc];W[qh];B[pg];W[rc];B[rf];W[re];B[sg];W[qb]))
(;W[qh]C[White 18 gives Black a favorable result.]N[not good (b)];B[pg];W[rf];B[qi];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[lc];B[sb]
;W[se];B[ph])))
(;B[pg]LB[ne:a][rh:b][of:c]N[(b)]C[White continues with 'a'. White must have the ladder to play 'b'. White must also have the ladder to play 'c', which White can use to simplify the position.]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[of];W[qg]LB[ph:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)]LB[qh:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[pi];W[nc];B[qi];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[nb];W[mb]LB[ob:a][na:b]MA[mc]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' may be playable if Black has a favorable ladder to capture a cutting stone at the marked location.]

(;B[ob]LB[lc:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[sb];W[ri];B[rj];W[sh];B[lg]LB[qk:a][mg:b]C[Black must not connect at 'a', as letting White play 'b' is bad.])
(;W[sb]C[White 28 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[lb];W[mc];B[ma];W[kc];B[kb];W[jc];B[lc];W[ld];B[jb];W[ic];B[ib]
;W[hc];B[hb];W[gc]C[White seems to have built some thickness, but...];B[le]C[Black can erase it.];W[ke];B[nf];W[md];B[ra];W[ri];B[rj];W[sh];B[kf]C[Black 51 is a tesuji.]
;W[lf]C[If White 52...];B[lg]))
(;B[na]C[This variation occurred in a 2002 game between 9-dan Chinese professionals Feng Yun and Jiang ZhuJiu.]N[(b)];W[ra];B[sb];W[pa];B[pb];W[ma];B[ob];W[qb];B[qa];W[ri];B[sa]LB[qj:a][lc:b]C[White can play 'a' if the two White stones at top cannot be caught in a ladder if Black cuts. ]

(;W[qj]MA[mc]C[White must have the ladder at the cutting point shown to play this way.]N[White ladder (a)];B[nf]C[Black plays here if the cut cannot be made.];W[ld])
(;W[lc]MA[mc]C[White must play this way without a favorable ladder for the cutting point.]N[(b)];B[rj];W[sh])))
(;W[nc]C[White 18 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qh];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[lc];B[sb];W[rh];B[ri]
;W[sh];B[qj]LB[sf:a]
(;W[sf]C[White must play 32 or die.]N[(a)];B[lg])
(;W[mg]MA[sf]N[mistake (b)]C[White 32 (or any other move than the marked location) is a mistake: White dies.];B[sf];W[rf];B[se];W[sc];B[sg])))
(;B[nf]LB[nc:a][ph:b]N[(b)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[qi];B[ph];W[rj]
;B[me]LB[mc:a][lc:b][ld:c]C[It is difficult to White to save the four stones. White may try 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[kb];B[jc])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[ld];W[mc];B[jc]LB[kc:a][kd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[jd])
(;W[kd]N[(b)];B[ke]))
(;W[ld]AW[dd]C[White may play 32 if he has occupied the star-point as shown.];B[pi];W[qj];B[md];W[mc];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[kb];B[jc];W[jb];B[ic]
;W[sb];B[qa];W[hb];B[hc];W[gb];B[fc];W[gc];B[gd];W[ib];B[fe];W[mf];B[le];W[mg]LB[ke:a][mi:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]

(;B[ke]C[Black 57 is the vital point. Letting White play there and squeeze is bad.]N[(a)];W[mi]C[The joseki ends.];B[nh]C[Black 59 is an explemplary continuation.];W[mh];B[ok]LB[si:a][na:b]C[White may try for a two-stage ko with 'a', or risk damage with a direct ko beginning with 'b'.]
(;W[si]C[Later, after playing White 62, the best White can do is get a two-stage ko.]N[two-stage ko (a)];B[pb];W[ra])
(;W[na]C[White 62 is a direct ko, but White is in peril if losing the ko.]N[risky direct ko (b)];B[oa];W[pb];B[rg];W[si];B[rf];W[re];B[sa]C[White risks considerable damage if she loses the ko.]))
(;B[mi]C[Black 57 or another similar move is a mistake.
]N[mistake (b)];W[ke];B[kd];W[lf];B[ld];W[je])))
(;W[ph]LB[me:a][mf:b]C[White must have the ladder. The continuation is based upon this.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[md];B[le];W[ld];B[ke];W[kd];B[jd];W[jc];B[id];W[ic];B[hd];W[nb];B[ob]
;W[hc];B[gd];W[fc])
(;B[mf]N[(b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[ld]LB[id:a][qj:b]C[After this, 'a' and 'b' are miai for Black.]))))
(;W[rh]N[(b)]LB[nc:a][ne:b]C[White must have the ladder to play White 14 here: 'a' shows the continuation. Black 'b' shows Black's counter if the ladder is in Black's favor.]
(;B[nc]LB[ne:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[ne]N[(a)];B[of]LB[nf:a][qi:b]C[White 'a' is the correct continuation. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[nf]N[(a)]LB[ph:a][ng:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly the more reserved 'b'.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)];W[qi];B[rg];W[rf];B[ng]LB[le:a][mg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[le]LB[lg:a][kc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[lg]N[(a)];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[jc];B[qg];W[sg];B[pk]LB[rk:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. The counterattack of White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rk]N[(a)]LB[pi:a][ql:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pi]N[(a)];W[ql])
(;B[ql]N[not good (b)]AB[ce][dp]AW[dc][dh][pq]C[Black 35 is reckless.

Yamabe played 35 against Sakata in a 1966 match, and regretted the move.];W[pi];B[oi];W[oj];B[pj];W[ni];B[oh];W[rl]
;B[qm];W[nj];B[nh];W[qo];B[nl];W[li];B[jg];W[rn]MA[rm]C[White 50 is a tight move that avoids the sente block at the marked location.]))
(;W[pi]C[White 34 is an overplay.]N[not good (b)];B[oi];W[oj];B[pj];W[ni];B[oh];W[nj]LB[nh:a][rj:b]C[White 40 is sente. Black continues with 'a'. Black cannot play somewhere else, such as 'b'.]
(;B[nh]N[(a)];W[rk];B[rj];W[qj];B[qk];W[sj];B[rl];W[ri];B[ol];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[lj]LB[mk:a][nl:b]C[White faces great difficulty trying to pull out the three White stones. White 'a' offers better prospects than 'b'.]

(;W[mk]N[(a)];B[kl];W[mm];B[on]C[White faces a very difficult fight.])
(;W[nl]C[White 54 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nm];W[ml];B[nk];W[mk];B[mj];W[ok];B[mi];W[nk];B[om]))
(;B[rj]MA[nh]N[mistake (b)]C[A move such as Black 41 is a mistake. Black must connect.];W[mg];B[mh];W[nh];B[mf];W[qh];B[og];W[mg])))
(;B[kc]N[(b)];W[mg];B[mh]LB[nh:a][lg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nh]N[(a)];B[ni];W[og];B[oh];W[ng];B[mi];W[pk];B[oj])
(;W[lg]N[(b)];B[qg];W[sg];B[ni];W[ql])))
(;W[mg]LB[mh:a][nh:b][mf:c][md:d]N[(b)]C[White 24 is a tough-minded move.

Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.]
(;B[mh]N[(a)];W[nh];B[ni];W[og];B[oh];W[ng];B[oj];W[ql];B[lh];W[ld];B[mc];W[kf];B[kc]
)
(;B[nh]N[(b)];W[lf];B[mh];W[lh];B[li];W[kh];B[ki];W[jh])
(;B[mf]N[(c)];W[nh];B[og]LB[lf:a][le:b][md:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[me];W[md];B[le];W[ld];B[ke];W[kd];B[mh];W[lg];B[je];W[jd];B[ie]LB[mi:a][hc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;W[mi]N[(a)];B[id]LB[ic:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[ic]N[(a)];B[hc];W[jb];B[ib];W[jc];B[pi]C[Black escapes.];W[hb];B[gb];W[ia];B[qg];W[sg];B[pj]
)
(;W[pi]C[White 42 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ni];W[lh];B[oi]C[Black escapes.]))
(;W[hc]N[(b)];B[qg];W[sg];B[ni];W[lh];B[mi];W[li];B[lj];W[kj];B[lk]LB[qk:a]C[The fighting will continue to uncertain outcome. Black has the threat of the checking extension at 'a'.]))
(;W[le]C[White 28 lacks force.]N[mistake (b)];B[lf];W[ld];B[mh];W[lg];B[kf]C[White cannot possibly get a good result.];W[mb];B[ni];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[mc]
;W[lc];B[sb]LB[qg:a][sg:b][jd:c]C[Black easily lives in the corner with 41.

Black still has the sente threat of 'a', followed by Black 'b'. There is also the threat of Black 'c'.

This result clearly favors Black.])
(;W[md]LB[ld:a][lf:b]C[Black continues with the tesuji of 'a', or possibly 'b' is Black has a favorable ladder.]
(;B[ld]N[(a)]LB[lf:a][le:b]C[Black 29 is a tesuji.

White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[mc];W[me];B[le];W[mf];B[mh];W[kf];B[ni];W[lh];B[mi])
(;W[le]N[(b)]LB[mh:a][lg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[mh]N[(a)];W[lg];B[mc];W[me];B[ke];W[lf];B[ni];W[lh];B[mi]LB[kd:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.])
(;B[lg]C[Black 31 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[mh]LB[mc:a][lf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[me];B[ke];W[lf];B[kf];W[mf]C[Black has too many cutting points, and the Black group on the right is now in danger.])
(;B[lf]C[Black 33 is a mistake, creating a race to capture that White wins.]N[mistake (b)];W[lc];B[kd];W[mc];B[kc];W[kb];B[jb];W[lb]LB[me:a][jc:b][pi:c]C['b' and 'c' are miai. White wins the race to capture.

Black may try 'a', but again loses.];B[me]
;W[ja];B[ib];W[nb];B[ob];W[pi])))
(;W[mc];B[lc];W[mb];B[le];W[lb];B[kb];W[kc];B[jc]LB[kd:a][lf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[kd]LB[ke:a][jd:b]C[Black continues with 'a', or 'b' if this is the only way for Black to have a favorable ladder.]N[(a)]
(;B[ke]N[(a)];W[jd];B[id];W[lf];B[je];W[me];B[pi];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[nb];W[sb];B[pb]LB[na:a]C[Black 'a' is sente; the corner is a ko.]
)
(;B[jd]C[Black plays 39 only if it is the only way for Black to get a favorable ladder. This variation is slightly more favorable to White than playing on top of White 38.]N[(b)];W[lf];B[ke];W[me]))
(;W[lf]C[White 38 is suicidal.]N[mistake (b)];B[me];W[kd];B[ke];W[jd];B[je];W[id];B[jb])))
(;B[lf]C[Black might play 29 with a favorable ladder.]N[(b)])))
(;B[md]N[(d)]LB[le:a][nh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[le]C[White 26 is the proper move, showing good style.]N[(a)];B[mh];W[lg];B[lh]C[Black 29 is a likely continuation])
(;W[nh]C[White 26 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[ni]C[Black 27 aims to set up a ko.]
(;W[mi]N[(a)];B[oh]LB[qg:a]C[Black has a perfect ko threat at 'a', so White is at considerable disadvantage.])
(;W[oh]C[White 28 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mh];W[og];B[oi];W[ng];B[lg];W[lf];B[mf];W[me];B[le])))))
(;B[ng]N[(b)];W[mg];B[oh]LB[qg:a][nh:b]C[Black 21, seemingly yielding, is a cagey move.

Black 21 was invented by Kajiwara Takeo. Variation 'a' is as first played in the 2nd round of the 1964 Oza title match against Otake Hideo.

White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qg];B[ph]LB[mh:a][qj:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[mh]N[(a)]C[Original game continuation.];B[ri];W[rc];B[rb];W[sd];B[qh];W[sh];B[ld];W[lf];B[jd];W[qj];B[pj]
;W[qi];B[qk];W[rj];B[nj];W[lj])
(;W[qj]C[White 24 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[mh]LB[lf:a][lg:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[lg];W[mf];B[kg]C[White will have trouble making good shape.])
(;W[lg]N[(b)];B[le]C[Black 27 is the obvious move to ruin Black's shape.])))
(;W[nh]LB[qh:a][rg:b]C[Black continues at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[rg];B[qj];W[ri];B[ni];W[mh];B[md])
(;B[rg]N[(b)];W[qg];B[qh];W[rf];B[ri];W[sg];B[qi]))))
(;W[qi]N[(b)];B[nf]C[The three white stones lose vital liberties.]))
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[nf]LB[rc:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rb];W[sd];B[lc];W[ld];B[kc];W[lf])
(;W[mc]LB[rd:a][qh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[re];B[qg];W[rg];B[se];W[rf];B[rb];W[pi];B[lg]LB[jd:a][qk:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[rg];B[qj];W[ri];B[qi];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[mb];W[lb];B[ma];W[kd]))))
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[md];B[me];W[ld];B[le];W[kd];B[qh];W[ri];B[rg];W[qg];B[rf];W[rd];B[rc]
;W[ph];B[qi];W[of];B[og];W[qj];B[pi];W[oh];B[ng];W[oi]))
(;N[(c)]W[of]C[White must have the ladder to play 14.];B[ne];W[og];B[md];W[ph]))
(;B[ne]C[White must have the ladder.]N[(c)];W[md]LB[me:a][pg:b]C[White 14 is the only possible good move.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[ld];B[le];W[kd];B[ke];W[nb];B[ob];W[jd];B[qh]LB[pg:a][rh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[ph]LB[rh:a][og:b][of:c]C[White continues with the tesuji of 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[rh]N[(a)];B[ri];W[og];B[qg];W[of];B[nh];W[oh];B[oi];W[rg];B[pi];W[ng];B[mg];W[mh]
;B[ni];W[lg];B[mf];W[rc];B[rb];W[sc]LB[sb:a][sh:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b is an overplay.]
(;B[sb]N[(a)];W[re]LB[je:a][kh:b]
(;B[je]LB[ie:a][lh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[ie]N[(a)];B[kh];W[if];B[lh])
(;W[lh]C[White 48 is an overplay.]N[not good (b)];B[ie]))
(;B[kh]N[(b)]C[Black 47 is an overplay, considering White can escape. ];W[lh];B[ki];W[kg];B[jg];W[mj];B[mi];W[li];B[lj];W[kj];B[lk];W[jh]
;B[ji];W[jf];B[ih];W[kf];B[je];W[if];B[ie]))
(;B[sh]C[Black 45 aims to kill, but White wins the capturing race with a sacrifice.]N[mistake (b)];W[sf];B[re];W[rd];B[se];W[sb];B[qb];W[pa];B[nf]LB[oa:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White cannot save the center stones with 'b'.]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[pf];W[rf];B[si];W[nc];B[ra];W[qa];B[sg];W[sd];B[se];W[na])
(;W[pf]C[White can resign now.]N[mistake (b)];B[ra];W[oa];B[si];W[nc];B[sg];W[rf];B[sa];W[sd];B[se];W[re];B[se]
)))
(;W[og]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qg];W[of];B[nh];W[rc];B[rb];W[sb];B[rd];W[sd];B[sc];W[oh];B[rf]
;W[oi];B[re];W[pf];B[lh])
(;W[of]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[ng];W[rc];B[rb];W[sb];B[rd];W[sd];B[sc]LB[og:a][oh:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[og]N[(a)];B[oh];W[rc];B[re];W[rf];B[sc];W[nf];B[se];W[mg];B[nh];W[mf];B[je])
(;W[oh]N[(b)]LB[rf:a][se:b]C[Black continues with the tesuji of 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[qg];B[og];W[rc];B[re];W[rg];B[rh];W[sf];B[sc];W[nf];B[se];W[mg];B[nh]
;W[mf];B[sg];W[pf];B[je])
(;B[se]C[Black 35 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[og]))))
(;W[rh]N[not good (b)]C[White 24 is a mistake in order.];B[ri];W[pg];B[oh]C[There are several possible continuations, but generally White will have to get life on the side while Black builds thickness.]))
(;B[pg]N[(b)]LB[rh:a][qg:b]C[White plays 'a' with a favorable ladder, but must play 'b' if the ladder to the lower left is unfavorable.]
(;W[rh]LB[qh:a][ng:b][ph:c][me:d]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[ri];B[me];W[ld];B[rg];W[qg];B[rf];W[ph];B[qi];W[of];B[og];W[qj])
(;B[ng]LB[kd:a][nb:b][rc:c][qi:d]N[(b)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' and 'd' not recommended.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)];B[mb]LB[nb:a]C[The difference between Black 19 and a White forcing move at 'a' is big.];W[qi];B[kg];W[id])
(;W[nb]N[(b)];B[qg];W[rg];B[rd];W[se];B[ob];W[me];B[mf];W[lf];B[lg];W[kf];B[qi];W[ri]
;B[qj];W[rc];B[rb];W[sc];B[sb];W[sd];B[kg];W[jf])
(;W[rc]C[White 18 is too small.]N[not good (c)];B[rb];W[sd];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[jc];B[lf])
(;W[qi]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[not good (d)];B[ke];W[nb];B[qg];W[rg];B[rd];W[se];B[ob]C[White will have trouble settling the group at top.]))
(;B[ph]N[(c)];W[qi]LB[mb:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not reocmmended.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[me];B[ng])
(;B[rd]C[Black 19 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[re];B[rg]LB[rc:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rc]LB[qg:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[rb];B[mb];W[me]LB[ng:a][lb:b]C['a' and 'b' are now miai. White has no complaints.])
(;B[rb]N[not good (b)]LB[qg:a][sd:b]C[Black 23 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[qh];W[ri];B[sc];W[sg];B[ng];W[me];B[mf];W[lf];B[lg];W[kf])
(;W[sd]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qg];W[sb];B[qb];W[sf];B[sg];W[rf])))
(;W[qg]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qh]LB[sg:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[sg]N[(a)];B[ri];W[rf];B[qj];W[nb];B[rc];W[se];B[ob];W[me])
(;W[rc];B[ri];W[rb];B[lf]C[With 27, Black willingly discards the four Black stones in the corner.];W[kd];B[jf]C[White has considerable territory, but Black's thickness holds considerable promise.]))))
(;B[me]N[(d)];W[ld];B[le];W[kd];B[ke];W[jd];B[qi];W[rc];B[rb];W[sd];B[sb]LB[ri:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is premature.]

(;W[ri]N[(a)];B[if];W[he];B[qj];W[nb];B[ob];W[rj];B[qk])
(;W[nb]C[White 28 is premature.]N[mistake (b)];B[ri];W[ob];B[rg];W[rf];B[qg];W[qb];B[pb];W[pa];B[qa];W[oa];B[nc]
;W[mc];B[qb];W[lb];B[sf];W[se]LB[sg:a][rd:b]
(;B[sg]C[Black creates a seki.]N[seki (a)];W[ra];B[rd];W[re]C[The corner is a seki, leaving Black with superior thickness.])
(;B[rd]C[Black goes for an approach-move-ko.]N[approach-move-ko (b)];W[re];B[sc]))))
(;W[qg]C[White 16 is an unfortunate necessity if White does not have a favorable ladder.]N[not good (b)];B[me];W[ld];B[le];W[kd];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri]LB[sg:a][ph:b][rc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. 

White 'b' is not recommended, but is part of a very famous game.

White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[sg]N[(a)];B[qi];W[rc];B[rb];W[sc];B[sb];W[se]C[White ends in gote.];B[jf]C[Black gets the choice play.])
(;W[ph]C[White fearlessly sets up a ko with 21.

This pattern arose in a game between Gen'an Inseki (1798-1859) and Shusaku (1829-62); the famous game with the "ear-reddening" move 127 by Shusaku.]N[not good (b)];B[qi];W[rc];B[rb];W[sb];B[rg];W[rf]LB[rd:a][sh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' (as in the game), leaving ko threats. Taking with 'b' is a fatal mistake.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[sd];B[sc]LB[of:a][oh:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is too leisurely.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[og];W[rc];B[mb];W[lb];B[sc];W[oh];B[ng];W[rc];B[mc];W[re];B[lc]C[Black gets a favorable result.]
;W[jc];B[jb];W[ib];B[kb];W[nh];B[mg];W[ic];B[qb];W[nj];B[sh];W[sf];B[qm])
(;W[oh]N[mistake (b)]C[White 34 is a fatal mistake.];B[sf];W[sg];B[re];W[se];B[sf];W[se];B[of]C[White has lost.]))
(;B[sh]C[Black 31 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qb];B[rd];W[sd];B[sc];W[of];B[og];W[rc]C[Black has no good ko threats.]))
(;W[rc]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[rb];W[sb];B[rg];W[rf];B[sh];W[rd];B[qb];W[nb];B[se];W[sf];B[ra]
))))
(;B[ld]N[(d)]C[Black 13 is a trick play.

For other possible continuations, see variations 4-1-9-4-2-2-1-1-1-3 and 4-1-9-4-2-2-1-1-1-2.

];W[ne]C[White first needs to provide escape for the two stones.];B[of];W[qh]C[White 16 is the only continuation.]))
(;W[nc]N[(b) hamete]LB[nb:a][qf:b][ne:c][of:d]C[Black 'a' is the correct refutation. 

 'b' looks like a better move, and it leads to a more favorable position for Black. However the continuation is more complex, with more room for error.

Black can always get a good result with 'c'.

Black 'd' leads to a good result. Depending on the surrounding positions, the outcome can be reasonable for White too.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[mb];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg];W[rc];B[rb];W[of];B[ne]LB[qg:a][me:b]C[White 'a' shows how both settle the position, resulting in a slightly more favorable position for Black.

White 'b' shows how White can introduce further complications in the position. This leads to a favorable ko for Black, but there is plenty of scope for a slip-up.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[mc]TR[pf][qf]C[If both marked groups are now captured, the result is considered favorable for Black.]MA[nc][nd][od])
(;W[me]N[(b)];B[nf];W[og];B[md];W[mc];B[pg];W[ph];B[qg];W[rd];B[sf];W[qb];B[pb];W[ra]
;B[qa];W[se];B[re];W[sb];B[qb];W[rf];B[sg];W[qh]))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rf];B[rg];W[rc]LB[rb:a][sf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is possible, as shown by the professional game from which this variation came.]
(;B[rb]N[(a)];W[of];B[ne];W[qg]LB[pg:a][me:b]C[Black 'a' leads to White setting up a ladder at 'a'. Black 'b' prevents the ladder, but the result is hardly better.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[me]LB[og:a]C[White captures two stones in a ladder, as White 'a' is atari.])
(;B[me]N[(b)];W[pg];B[nb]C[White has made a very thick capture. Later in the game White may have an opportunity to pull out the marked stones at the top.]MA[nc][nd][od]))
(;B[sf]C[Black 17 was played by Yoshi Ishida against Sakata Eio in the 1st game of the 1975 Honinbo title.]N[(b)];W[rd];B[rb];W[qb];B[pb];W[ra];B[qa];W[sb];B[sa];W[of];B[ne];W[ra]
;B[me];W[qb];B[nb];W[pa];B[ob];W[og];B[ph];W[mc];B[lc];W[mb];B[lb];W[na];B[mg]C[Black 41 is the proper continuation, but not the continuation of the 1st 1975 Honinbo title game.

Given the situation as shown, Black has a favorable outcome, given the solid thickness on both sides, despite the corner sacrifice.]
))
(;B[ne]N[(c)]LB[me:a][qf:b][ob:c]C[Ishida Yoshio considered this move, playing Sakata Eio during the first game of the 1975 Honinbo title match. He discarded it, although it was actually the best move in that position.

White has a reasonable continuation at 'a'. White 'b' leads to a favorable position for Black. White 'c' does not work.]
(;W[me]N[(a)];B[qg]C[Black 15 is simple but effective.])
(;W[qf]C[White 14 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[me];W[nb];B[rd];W[pg];B[lc];W[ob];B[pb]LB[pa:a][lb:b]C[White's only chance is to set up a semeai with the corner at 'a'. The result is a seki, but favorable for Black.

Trying to break out at 'b' doesn't work.]
(;W[pa]N[(a)]C[White 22 creates a seki, to Black's advantage.];B[rb];W[ra];B[mb];W[re];B[sb];W[sd];B[rc];W[qa];B[oa];W[se];B[md]
;W[sc];B[mc];W[na];B[ma];W[oa]C[Black's thickness is an order of magnitude better than White's.])
(;W[lb]N[(b)];B[of];W[qh];B[kb];W[kc];B[kd];W[jc];B[mb]))
(;W[ob]N[(c)];B[pb];W[nb];B[qf]C[Black captures the marked white stones, regardless of what White tries next.]MA[qd][pe][qe];W[rc];B[rb];W[pa];B[qb];W[rf]LB[sd:a][rg:b]TR[ne]C['a' is the key move for Black.

Black 'b' reduces the effectiveness of the extension of Black 13.]

(;B[sd]N[(a)];W[re];B[rg];W[qg];B[pg]LB[qh:a][sg:b]C[White 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[sf])
(;W[sg]N[(b)];B[rh]LB[sc:a][sb:b]C[If White plays 'a', Black captures cleanly. If White plays 'b' it becomes ko, but White will never have a big enough threat.]
(;W[sc]N[(a)];B[sb];W[rd];B[se])
(;W[sb]N[(b)];B[rd];W[ra])))
(;B[rg];W[rd]LB[sb:a][sc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[sb]N[(a)];W[qg];B[sf];W[re];B[pg];W[qh];B[rh];W[ph]C[The marked points are White's miai to reduce the effectiveness of the black wall.]MA[og][ri])
(;B[sc]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[sb]C[White can now get a ko or seki.]))))
(;B[of]N[(d)]LB[qf:a][rc:b][re:c]C[White continues at 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' has appeared in professional play.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh]C[This reverts to the same variation as 4.1.9.x.x.x])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[rb];W[rd];B[nb];W[mb];B[qf];W[sb];B[ob]TR[mc][qb]C[The marked points are miai for White.])
(;W[re]AB[cd][ed]N[(c)]TR[cd][ed]C[White 14 appeared in a game with the marked black shimari in the upper left corner.];B[qf];W[rc];B[rb];W[sb];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[ld]
;B[qb];W[rf];B[rg];W[rh];B[sg];W[sf];B[qh];W[sd];B[pa];W[ic]C[The relationship of White 32 with the black position in the upper left makes this a playable variation for both sides.]))))))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (e)]C[If simplicity is the only goal, White may play elsewhere. White lives in the corner, giving Black considerable thickness.];B[pd]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]LB[qf:a][qc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]N[(a)]
(;B[qf];W[pe];B[oe];W[pb];B[ob]LB[rf:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a timing mistake.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rg];W[re];B[of]LB[qh:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White plays elsewhere at considerable cost.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[qg];W[pc];B[od];W[oa])
(;W[]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)]C[White plays elsewhere at heavy cost (though not a fatal mistake).];B[qb];W[rb];B[qc];W[rc];B[ra];W[sd];B[sf];W[sb]))
(;W[pc]C[White 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[od];W[rb]C[White must defend at 13 to live in the corner.];B[rf];W[rd]C[White must respond to Black 14.]))
(;B[qc]C[Black 6 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[rc];B[qb];W[qf];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qi]))
(;W[qc]C[White 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe]C[Black 6 gives good shape.];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb];B[mc];W[rb]C[Black gets an extremely favorable result.])))
(;B[ph]C[Black 3 is not an effective pincer locally, but may be strategically sensible.]N[taka sangen basami (high 3-space pincer) (j)];W[qf]LB[qc:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is slack.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rc];B[pd];W[qb];B[qe];W[pc];B[rd];W[qc];B[pe];W[nc];B[ob]AB[kd]C[Black 15 only makes sense when Black has some support at top, as shown.]
;W[od];B[nb];W[mc];B[nd];W[oe];B[pf];W[of];B[og];W[re];B[pg];W[me];B[lc];W[md]
;B[mb];W[mg];B[rf];W[sd])
(;B[of]C[Black 5 is slack. ]N[not good (b)];W[od];B[nd];W[pc];B[ob])))
(;W[pe]LB[qd:a][pd:b][qg:c][oe:d][qc:e]N[takamoku keima kakari ( 5-4 knight's move) (b)]C[White prevents Black from gaining influence, but in the local context, abandoning profit in the corner entails a loss.

Black 'a' and 'b' are best. Black 'c' emphasizes the right side. Black 'd' is needlessly aggressive. Black 'e' is too low.

e5, d4, c 3, b2, a1]
(;B[qd]LB[qe:a][pd:b]C[Black 3 secures the corner. In the local context Black is satisfied.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a vulgar mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]LB[rd:a][pd:b]N[(a)]C[White 4 is absolutely necessary.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;B[rd]N[(a)]LB[qi:a][qj:b][ne:c][me:d][nd:e][od:f]C[White continues with 'a' to 'd'. White 'e' and 'f' are not recommended.

e5, d4, c3, b2, a1]
(;W[qi]LB[nd:a][dp:b]N[(a)]C[Black plays at 'a' or elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]LB[qg:a]C[Black 'a' after the joseki is not recommended.];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[qg]C[Black 8 is not an effective invasion.]N[not good];W[pg]LB[qh:a][re:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[ph];B[ri];W[rj];B[qj];W[pi];B[rk];W[rh];B[sj];W[rg])
(;B[re]N[(b)]LB[rg:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[qf];W[rf];B[qh];W[ph];B[rh];W[ri];B[sf];W[pf];B[sg];W[oj])
(;W[rf]C[White 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rg]C[Black can connect however White plays.])))
(;B[]LB[nd:a][md:b][re:c][mc:d]N[Black tenuki (b)]C[Black plays elsewhere.  White presses with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is also possible. White 'd' is unreasonable.]
(;W[nd]N[katatsuki (shoulder hit) (a)];B[od];W[oe]LB[re:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[qg];B[mb])
(;B[ne]C[Black 10 is needlessly aggressive.]N[mistake (b)];W[ld]LB[nf:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[nc];B[re];W[qg]C[Black gets the worst of it. Taking care of the two Black center stones will be a burden.])
(;B[md]C[Black 12 is obvious, and a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[me];B[nc];W[nf]C[White squeezes.])))
(;W[md]N[keima kikashi (knight forcing move) (b)];B[nc];W[ne];B[lc])
(;W[re]N[(c)]LB[nd:a][dp:b]C[Black 'a' is essential. Black cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[nd]N[essential (a)]C[Black 8 is essential.])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)];W[pc];B[pd];W[od];B[pb];W[nc];B[ob];W[nb]LB[rb:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rb]C[Black makes eye shape.]N[(a)];W[nd])
(;B[nd]C[Black 17 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[oe];B[rb];W[md];B[ne];W[mf];B[nf];W[ng]C[Black cannot escape.])))
(;W[mc]C[Locally, White 7 is unreasonable, though it may be helpful toward the upper left.]N[not good (d)];B[nc];W[md];B[oe];W[pg];B[ne])))
(;W[qj]N[(b)];B[nd]LB[ph:a][ne:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[ph])
(;W[ne]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[me];W[mf]LB[oe:a][le:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is too mild.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)]LB[of:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[nf];W[ng];B[ne];W[og];B[lf];W[mg])
(;W[nf]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[of];W[pd];B[pc]LB[md:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];W[md];B[od];W[le];B[qh]C[Black captures the three White stones and gets a very favorable result.])
(;W[od]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pg]C[Black captures White's four stones.])))
(;B[le]C[Black 11 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[oe];B[mc])))
(;W[ne]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (c)]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[oe]LB[re:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake in order.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[qg];B[lc])
(;B[md]C[Black 9 is a mistake in order of play.]N[not good (b)];W[pd];B[pc];W[qc]LB[rc:a][qb:b][re:c]C[Answering White 12 is a problem for Black. 

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' makes White 'c' sente, giving White excellent thickness.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[qb];B[rb];W[nd];B[nc];W[mc];B[lc];W[mb];B[pb];W[kc]C[Black has poor prospects in the fighting ahead.])
(;B[qb]C[Black 13 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[re];B[rc];W[pj])))
(;B[md]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc];B[pd];W[od];B[nd];W[oe];B[pb];W[nc];B[ob];W[le];B[ld];W[kd]
;B[kc];W[me];B[jd];W[ke];B[lc]C[White gains magnificent thickness in sente.]))
(;W[me]LB[mc:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(d)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)])
(;B[ne]N[(b)];W[nf];B[nd];W[mf]LB[ld:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[ld]N[(a)];W[md];B[mc];W[oe];B[pd])
(;B[of]C[Black 11 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[oe];B[og];W[qg];B[pd];W[ph];B[oh];W[oi])))
(;W[nd]C[White 6 is an overplay.]N[not good (e)];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[ld];B[nf];W[nc];B[re];W[qg];B[lf])
(;W[od]C[White 6 is ineffective; a bad play.]N[not good (f)];B[nc]LB[re:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is hopeless.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[pd]C[It is obvious that White 6 served no good purpose.];W[qi])
(;W[pc]C[White 8 is a costly mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pd];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[ob];W[qb];B[re];W[rf]C[White 16 is the cap to this unreasonble sequence.];B[qf]C[White cannot possibly save the situation.])))
(;B[pd]N[(b)]LB[oe:a][nd:b]C[White 'a' is the traditional continuation, but 'b' is also playable.]
(;W[oe]LB[nd:a][pi:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]LB[qi:a][qj:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is too far an extension.]
(;W[qi])
(;W[qj]C[White 8 is too far an extension. This shows the value of the proverb: "from a wall of two, extend three" and so on.]N[not good (b)];B[mf]C[Now Black threatens an invasion...];W[pg]C[...which White must defend, making White 8 a bad move.]))
(;B[pi]LB[nc:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)]LB[od:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is weak.]
(;B[od];W[nd];B[ne]LB[rd:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[rc];W[re]LB[qb:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[nb];B[ob];W[ld];B[nf];W[og])
(;B[nb]N[not good (b)]LB[lc:a][mb:b]C[Black 15 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[lc]LB[qb:a][nf:b]C[Black must play 'a' to live in the corner. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]N[(a)]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[nf];B[me];W[ld]C[White's prospects are good in the fight ahead.])
(;B[nf]C[Black 17 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qc];B[pb];W[rb];B[ld];W[mb];B[kc];W[na];B[ob];W[kb]))
(;W[mb]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ob];W[lc];B[me]LB[ld:a][og:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[of]C[White will struggle to have his 5 stones live.])
(;W[og]N[(b)];B[ld];W[mc];B[jc]LB[kc:a][kd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[kc]N[(a)];B[jd])
(;W[kd]N[(b)];B[ke];W[jd];B[kc];W[ic];B[ib])))))
(;W[ob]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[nb];B[re];W[rf];B[rd];W[pg];B[me];W[kc];B[kd];W[jc];B[nh]C[Black builds thickness if White struggles to live on the right.]
))
(;B[nb]C[Black 9 is submisive.]N[not good (b)];W[od];B[pb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc]))
(;W[md]N[(b)]LB[mb:a][ne:b][nd:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. If Black has the ladder to the lower left, Black may play 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)])
(;B[ne]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[(b)];W[nd];B[od];W[re];B[rd];W[og];B[nf];W[ng];B[le];W[ld];B[ke];W[jc]
)
(;B[nd]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[ne];B[me];W[ld];B[mf];W[rd];B[rc];W[qc]LB[pc:a][od:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.];B[pc];W[nc]LB[re:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' only makes matters worse.]

(;B[re]N[(a)];W[od];B[rf])
(;B[od]C[Black 19 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qb];B[re];W[ob];B[sd];W[pb];B[rd];W[qg];B[rf];W[oh];B[rg];W[qh]
)))))
(;W[nd]N[(b)]LB[oe:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)]C[Black 7 appeared in a professional game in 1956.];W[od];B[of];W[qg];B[pg];W[rd];B[rc];W[rf];B[sd];W[re];B[nc];W[md]
;B[mc];W[ld];B[lc];W[kd];B[qh];W[rh];B[qi];W[ri];B[qj];W[pf];B[oh];W[kc])
(;B[od]N[(b)];W[oe];B[ne]LB[md:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[md]N[(a)];B[nf];W[ph];B[jd])
(;W[nc]N[not good (b)];B[me];W[lc];B[re]C[Black secures the corner.];W[rf];B[rd];W[pg];B[ld]C[Black takes advantage of White's bad shape.])))))
(;W[pd]C[White 4 is an incredibly vulgar mistake, allowing Black to solidfy corner profit with no compensation.]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[qe];B[rd];W[qi]LB[qg:a]C[The threat of Black 'a' is real.]))
(;B[pd]LB[oe:a][qe:b]N[okay (b)]C[Black 3 looks strange but can be quite practical.
White continues at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[qe];W[qf];B[qd]LB[pg:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[]LB[md:a][nc:b]N[Black tenuki]C[Black plays elsewhere.

White continues locally with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[md]N[(a)])
(;W[nc]C[White 9 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb];W[od];B[mc];W[pc]C[White 13 is unreasonable.];B[ob]C[White has not good follow-up.]))
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[nd]
(;W[og]LB[pg:a]C[White 10 is proper as Black 'a' would spoil White's shape.])
(;W[]N[White tenuki]LB[pg:a][pf:b]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black continues locally with the peep at 'a'. The cut at 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pg];W[pf]C[Now Black can figure out how best to continue.])
(;B[pf]C[Black 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[og]C[White settles by sacrificing the two stones.];B[pg];W[ph];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[rh];B[re];W[of];B[sf];W[ni]
))))
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[oe]LB[qd:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)]LB[qc:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[rc];B[qb];W[of];B[ne];W[nf];B[me])
(;B[of]N[(b)]LB[qc:a][qh:b][pb:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)])
(;W[qh]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[qb];B[pc];W[rd];B[jc])
(;W[pb]N[mistake (c)];B[qc];W[pc];B[od];W[qb];B[rc];W[rb];B[rf]LB[pg:a][dp:b][rd:c]C[White continues with 'a'.  Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake. Playing 'c' is submissive, but may be okay depending on the right side.]
(;W[pg]N[okay (a)]C[White plays 16 to introduce some complication into the situation.];B[pf];W[qf];B[qg];W[qh];B[rg];W[rd];B[qi])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[rd];W[re];B[pf])
(;W[rd]N[submissive (c)]C[Black 16 is submissive.]))))
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[qd];W[ne];B[od];W[nf];B[pf]LB[pg:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[qf];W[re]LB[rg:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rg]N[(a)];W[qg];B[rf];W[rh];B[rd];W[qi])
(;B[qg]C[Black 15 is vulgur.]N[mistake (b)];W[qh];B[ph];W[rg];B[og];W[rf];B[pg];W[qi]))
(;W[re]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][qf:b]C[White 12 is a move of strong resistance.

Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qh]C[The fighting prospects from here are equal.])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rg]LB[qh:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[qg];B[pg];W[ph];B[og];W[rf];B[pi];W[oh];B[ng];W[qi];B[mf])
(;B[rf]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pg]))))))
(;B[qg]LB[qd:a][qc:b]C[Black 3 is somewhat an exception. White continues with 'a' to revert to joseki. White 'b' is also possible, but there is trick play potential.]N[hasami (pincer) (c)]
(;W[qd]C[This gives the same result as when Black makes a two-space pincer against a White 3-4 stone (variation 2-1-5-5).]N[(a)])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pd]LB[qe:a][qd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]LB[oe:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'; White takes the corner, Black outside. Black 'b' is not as favorable.]N[(a)]
(;B[oe]LB[of:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[pf];W[ne];B[od];W[qd];B[md];W[og];B[qi]C[The fight continues on equal footing.])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[qd];W[rd]LB[re:a][rc:b]C[Black 'a' is better than 'b'.]
(;B[re]N[better (a)];W[rf];B[rc];W[se];B[qb])
(;B[rc]N[okay (b)];W[rb];B[re];W[sc];B[rf];W[of];B[ne];W[nf];B[me];W[mf];B[le];W[pi]LB[pc:a][pb:b]C[White can aim for 'a' and 'b' in the endgame, in which case the corner is worth 7 points.]
)))
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[rd];B[oe];W[of]LB[pf:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' for center orientation or 'b' to take the corner.]
(;B[pf]N[center (a)]C[Black emphasizes thickness.];W[ne];B[od];W[rf]C[White is not bad off. Whatever happens next depends on fighting strength.])
(;B[rc]N[corner (b)]C[Black takes the corner.];W[re];B[qb];W[ne];B[od];W[pg])))
(;W[qd]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe]LB[oe:a][re:b]C[White 'a' is bad enough. White 'b' is worse.]
(;W[oe];B[re]LB[nc:a][ob:b]C[White 'a' and the White corner stones die. White 'b' and the two White stones on the outside are left weak.]N[bad (a)]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[pc];W[qb];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[lb];W[od];B[pb];W[pa];B[ob];W[kb]
;B[rd];W[rc];B[ra])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[od];W[nb];B[ne];W[og];B[mc];W[rb];B[mb]))
(;W[re]N[worse (b)];B[qf];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb];B[nc]))))
(;B[oe]LB[od:a][of:b]C[Black 3 is an aggressive move. Common sense decrees that securing territory by playing in the corner is good enough. From this point of view, Black 3 is a mischief-making move.

White may respond with 'a' or 'b'.]N[tobi-tsuke (aggressive) (d)]
(;W[od]LB[nd:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[pd];B[pc];W[qc]LB[mc:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[nc];W[of];B[ne];W[rd])
(;B[qb]C[Black 9 is not recommended, as White gets a favorable result.]N[not good (b)];W[rd]LB[rc:a][rb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[qd];B[mc];W[of];B[ne];W[rb];B[ra];W[sc]MA[pf]C[White need not worry now about the cutting point below White 14.])
(;B[rb]C[Black 11 show determination, but leads to a tough position for Black.]N[(b)];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[mb];W[lc];B[ne];W[pg];B[le];W[jc]C[Black's stones in the center are floating. White faces favorable prospects by making profit by threatening the Black center stones.])))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[nd]LB[pc:a][qd:b][nc:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;B[pc]LB[of:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White must have the ladder to play 'a'.]N[(a)]
(;W[of]N[(a)]C[White must have the ladder to play 8.];B[qe];W[ne];B[qf];W[nc])
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[of];W[nc]LB[rc:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[qh];B[kd];W[le])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[rc];B[rb];W[rg];B[qh];W[rd];B[nb];W[mb];B[oa];W[ld];B[sb];W[rh];B[ri]
;W[qf];B[qi];W[sf];B[oh];W[ic])))
(;B[qd]C[Black 7 may look like good shape, but is a slack move here.]N[not good (b)];W[nc]LB[pf:a][pb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[ne];B[of];W[pc];B[qc];W[ob])
(;B[pb]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[ob];B[pc];W[pf];B[ne];W[ld];B[me];W[kd]))
(;B[nc]C[Black 7 looks tough, but Black faces difficulties.]N[not good (c)];W[of];B[ne];W[md];B[me]LB[qd:a][le:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qd];B[pc];W[ld]LB[qe:a][qc:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pf];B[re];W[lf]C[The three Black stones are captured, a success for White.])
(;B[qc]N[(b)];W[pf]C[Black must decide what to do about the three stones in the center. White has favorable propects.]))
(;W[le]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[ng];W[pc];B[qd];W[qc];B[rc];W[rd];B[qe];W[rb];B[ld];W[mc];B[lc]
;W[mb];B[lb];W[ob];B[pf]C[Black's thickness is better than White's corner profit.]))))
(;W[of]LB[ne:a][pf:b]N[(b)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black must have the ladder to play 'b'.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[pd];B[pf]LB[qf:a][pc:b][pg:c]C[White continues with 'a. White 'b' is bad timing. Black 'c' is unreasonable.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)]C[White plays 8 to take the corner.];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi]LB[pc:a][qi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', hoping to cut off Black 1 next, is unreasonable.]
(;W[pc]LB[qi:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[qi]N[(a)];W[nb]LB[ob:a][od:b]C[White 16 is a tesuji - if Black 'a', White 'b' is good.])
(;B[ob]N[not good (b)]C[Black 15 is not recommended, as it leaves the right side open.];W[qj]))
(;W[qi]N[mistake (b)];B[pj];W[od];B[nd];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[ob];W[mb];B[qc]LB[rd:a][lc:b]C[White plays 'a' and give Black magnificant thickness. White plays 'b' and Black lives in the corner.]

(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[lc];W[lb];B[kc];W[rc];B[kb];W[pc];B[qj]C[Black has beautiful thickness.])
(;W[lc]N[(b)];B[rd];W[re];B[qj];W[rj];B[rk];W[si];B[le];W[ic]LB[se:a][dp:b]C[Black plays 'a' to live comfortably in the corner. Not playing 'a', such as playing elsewhere ('b'), jeopordizes the corner.]
(;B[se]N[(a)];W[sf];B[sd];W[rg]C[White ends in gote.])
(;B[]N[not good (b)]C[Black plays elsewhere. Not recommended, but not fatal.];W[md];B[me];W[rb]C[The placement of White 35 is the tesuji.];B[qb];W[oa];B[pa];W[rc];B[qd];W[qe];B[ra]C[Black has to capture the two White stones...];W[pc]LB[sb:a][pb:b]C[...allowing White to capture two Black stones ('a'). White cannot connect at 'b'.]

(;B[sb];W[pb])
(;B[pb]C[Black cannot connect.]N[mistake (b)];W[sd]C[Atari, and the game is over.])))))
(;W[pc]N[not good (b)]LB[qf:a][og:b]C[White 8 is not recommended.

Black continues with 'a', or, with a favorable ladder, 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[og];B[ph];W[nb];B[mf];W[oh];B[pi];W[nc];B[mh])
(;B[og]C[Black plays 3 with a favorable ladder.]N[(b)];W[qf];B[nf];W[qg];B[ob]))
(;W[pg]C[White 8 is unreasonable. White cannot capture the Black stone.]N[mistake (c)];B[qf];W[qg];B[re]C[Black 11 is a standard tesuji enabling him to capture the two White stones.];W[rg];B[rd]LB[pc:a][qc:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[pb];B[rb];W[nc]C[If White tries 18...];B[mc]C[... Black keeps the situation in check with 19.])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qd];B[rc]LB[rb:a][qb:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[qb]C[Black 19 starts a common squeeze tesuji.];W[pb];B[qa];W[pa];B[qe];W[ra];B[qb];W[qa];B[od];W[qb];B[sb]C[White has lost.]
)
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[rb]))))
(;B[pf]LB[qe:a][od:b][qd:c]N[(b)]C[Black must have the ladder to play 5. White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' results in a loss.]
(;W[qe]LB[ne:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[pg];B[nf];W[og];B[qc];W[qj])
(;B[qf]N[(b)]LB[rf:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[og];W[nf]C[This is the same position as in variation 2-1-11-1-1-2.];B[ne]LB[ng:a][qh:b]C[With an unfavorable ladder, White must play 'a'. But if the ladder favors White, White plays 'b'.]
(;W[ng]C[White plays this way when the ladder is unfavorable.]N[Black ladder (a)];B[rg];W[re];B[qg]LB[pb:a][oh:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pb]LB[pc:a][nh:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[qc];B[ob];W[oh]LB[qj:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qj]N[(a)];W[qb];B[le])
(;B[qb]C[Black cannot afford to play 21. Black loses the race to capture by a move.]N[mistake (b)];W[rb];B[pa];W[qi];B[ri];W[rj];B[rh];W[qk]LB[qd:a][rc:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b', but loses the race to capture.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[rc])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[qh])))
(;B[nh]N[(b)];W[lf];B[pc];W[qc];B[ob];W[qb];B[ld];W[lh];B[oi]))
(;W[oh]N[(b)];B[qc];W[qi];B[ri];W[rj];B[rh];W[qk];B[rd];W[me]))
(;W[qh]C[White plays 12 if the ladder to capture the two White center stones does not work for Black.]N[White ladder (b)];B[pg];W[rd];B[oi];W[mf];B[ld];W[qj]C[White has favorable position.]))
(;W[od]C[White 8 is unreasonable.]N[not good (b)];B[ne];W[nd];B[pd];W[qd];B[pc];W[md];B[me];W[qc];B[qb];W[rb]LB[ld:a][ob:b]C[Black plays simply with 'a', or tenaciously with 'b'.]

(;B[ld]N[(a)];W[nb];B[og];W[lb];B[re];W[rd];B[sd];W[rc];B[rg]LB[pb:a][dp:b]C[White has to add a corner move, such as 'a'. Playing elsewhere risks a ko.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. Black gets a flower-viewing ko (a ko where Black has nothing to lose).]N[White tenuki (b)];B[ra];W[pb];B[sb]))
(;B[ob]C[Black 19 is tough-minded, going for a big ko fight.]N[(b)];W[le];B[og];W[qa];B[pa];W[pb];B[ld];W[lc];B[kd];W[mc];B[qb];W[ra]
;B[kc];W[pb]C[The fight continues...]))))
(;W[od]N[(b)]C[White 6 is vulgar, but playable.];B[ne];W[pd];B[nd]LB[nc:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also playable if White does not mind giving Black good outside influence.]
(;W[nc]LB[pc:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[qc];B[qb];W[rd];B[nb];W[mc];B[rb];W[qf];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi]
;W[mb];B[ob]C[See variation 2-4-4-1-2-1-1-1-1-1 for continuation.])
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[nb]LB[ob:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with the tough-minded move of 'a', or the simpler 'b'.]
(;B[ob]N[(a)];W[mb];B[qc];W[qf];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph]C[See variation 4-2-4-2-1-1-2 for continuation.])
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[ob];B[og]C[Black's ponnuki shape from capturing White 4 gives Black a very favorable result.])))
(;W[pc]N[(b)]LB[qf:a][nc:b]C[Locally, White 10 is not recommended, but is okay if the resulting Black outside influence does not count for much.

Depending on the side of favor, Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[nc];B[mc];W[ob];B[og];W[mb]LB[lc:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[lc]N[(a)])
(;B[nf]N[(b)]))
(;B[nc]N[(b)]LB[qf:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' loses the game.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi];W[qj];B[id])
(;W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[re];W[rg];B[qc];W[qb];B[pb];W[ob];B[pa];W[oa];B[qd];W[qa]
;B[pb];W[pa];B[qe];W[pb];B[nf];W[og];B[rb];W[rc];B[sb];W[mb];B[nb];W[na];B[lb]
;W[mc];B[lc];W[md];B[la];W[ma];B[le]))))
(;W[qd]C[White cannot get a favorable result.]N[not good (c)];B[ne]LB[qf:a][pg:b][og:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are no good.]
(;W[qf]N[(A)];B[pg];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi];W[qj];B[ic])
(;W[pg]N[not good (b)];B[qf];W[qg];B[re]LB[rf:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b is a mistake.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qe];W[rd];B[pd];W[se];B[pe];W[rh];B[qc])
(;W[rd]C[White 12 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rg]C[White is at a loss, with too many cutting points to succeed.]))
(;W[og]N[not good (c)];B[qf];W[pc];B[pb];W[qb];B[nb];W[pa];B[ob];W[rc];B[qi])))))
(;B[qc]C[Black 3 is too low.]N[too low (e)];W[qd]LB[rc:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[rc]LB[qi:a][ne:b][nd:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.

White 'c', attempting to press Black down before extending at 'a', is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;W[qi]N[(a)]LB[oe:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is not recommended.]
(;B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[pc];B[pb];W[pd];B[nb])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[nd]LB[nc:a][od:b]C[White presses.

Black continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonably strong resistance.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[md];B[lc])
(;B[od]N[mistake (b)]C[White 8 is unreasonable.];W[oe];B[ne];W[ld];B[nf];W[nc])))
(;W[ne]N[(b)];B[md])
(;W[nd]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[od];W[oe];B[ne];W[ld];B[me];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[kc];B[og]
;W[qg];B[pi]))
(;B[rd]C[Black 5 is a coarse move.]N[not good (b)];W[re];B[pd];W[qe];B[oe];W[of];B[ne];W[rc];B[rb];W[sd]C[Black has sente, but faces further loss in the corner.])))
(;W[qc]LB[pe:a][qd:b][pd:c][qe:d][qf:e]N[san-san kakari (3-3 corner) (c)]C[White goes for profit at the expense of influence. A ladder helps White when playing 2.

Black replies with 'a' to 'e'. Black must have the ladder to sucessfully play 'b'.

e5, d4, c 3, b2, a1]
(;B[pe]LB[qe:a][re:b][ob:c]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]LB[qf:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[qf]LB[pf:a][ob:b][pd:c][re:d][qd:e]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a', 'b' or 'c'.

White 'a' emphasizes the corner, with aji from 'a'.
White 'a' may lead to complications.

White 'b' emphasizes the top.

White 'c' emphasizes the right.

White 'd' and 'e' are not recommended.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)]LB[qd:a][pd:b]C[Black 'a' is the usual continuation. Black 'b' was played by Hashimoto Utaro against Sakata Eio in 1972.]
(;B[qd]N[(a)];W[re]LB[oe:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[rd];B[pg])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[rd];B[qg];W[pc]LB[od:a][ob:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[od]N[(a)];W[of];B[pi];W[mf];B[ob];W[rb];B[ld])
(;B[ob]N[mistake (b)]LB[ph:a][od:b]C[Black 13 is a mistake discovered by Yoshio Ishida in 197 against Iwata. Ishida called the move "complacent".

White continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black had expected 'b', but got 'a'.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)];B[qh];W[qi];B[pg];W[of];B[ne];W[og];B[ri];W[pi];B[rj];W[rf];B[rh];W[rb]
;B[ql]C[Black 27 is questionable....];W[le]C[... because White 28 is such a severe attack. Black faces a difficult fight.])
(;W[od]N[(b)];B[oe]C[Black builds thickness while White takes the top.];W[nd];B[ne];W[md];B[me];W[ld];B[le]LB[mb:a][kd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mb];B[kd];W[kc];B[jc];W[kb];B[jd])
(;W[kd]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc];W[rb];B[qb];W[sc];B[pb];W[rc];B[mb];W[lb];B[ra])))))
(;B[pd]N[(b)]LB[qd:a][qg:b]C[White 'a' is the continuation of the game (Hashimoto v. Sakata, 1972). White 'b' also leads to an even exchange.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[rf];W[of];B[qh]LB[nd:a][ob:b]C[White 'a' shows the game continuation. White 'b' strengthens the black stones on the outside.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nc]LB[ld:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' keeps the corner alive, while 'b' sacrifices the corner for thickness at top.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)];B[lc];W[kc]LB[mc:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'a' gets Black out to the center (White lives in the corner). Black 'b' gets Black sealed in, but taking the taking the large corner territory.]
(;B[mc]C[Black 17 gets black out to the center, but White lives in the corner.]N[(a)];W[kd];B[re];W[pc];B[od];W[ob];B[ne];W[rd];B[nb];W[pa];B[md];W[oh]
;B[ng];W[nf];B[mf];W[mg];B[lf];W[mh])
(;B[md]C[Black 17 results in White sealing Black in, but Black takes the corner.]N[(b)];W[me];B[mc];W[kd];B[ne];W[nf];B[pb];W[qb];B[re]))
(;W[md]C[White 14 discards the corner for thickness.]N[(b)];B[mc];W[lc];B[lb];W[kc];B[kb];W[jc];B[jb];W[ic]))
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[nb];W[pb];B[nd]))
(;N[(b)]W[qg];B[rf];W[rg];B[of];W[pg];B[qd];W[re];B[rd];W[sf]C[White still has aji in the corner.])))
(;W[ob]N[(b)]LB[nb:a][qd:b][pc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[nb]N[(a)];W[nc];B[od]LB[mb:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mb]N[(a)];B[pb];W[na];B[pc];W[nd];B[ne];W[me];B[nf]C[The two White stones in the corner are not captured yet.];W[qb]C[White can get a ko.];B[pa];W[re];B[rf]LB[qd:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]

(;W[qd]C[White 22 is the best move.]N[(a)];B[qa];W[ra];B[rb];W[sb])
(;W[sb]C[White 22 is a mistake. White dies.]N[mistake (b)];B[ra];W[qa];B[se]C[Now White cannot make two eyes.]))
(;W[pb]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mc];W[nd];B[lb]LB[re:a][ne:b]C[White has to play 'a' to live in the corner. White cannot extend with 'b'.]
(;W[re]C[White has to play 14 to live.]N[(a)];B[me])
(;W[ne]N[mistake (b)]C[White 14 is a mistake.];B[qd];W[re];B[rd];W[pd];B[pc];W[oe];B[pd];W[rc];B[rf];W[ra];B[oa]
)))
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[re];W[nc])
(;B[pc]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[qd];B[pb];W[pf]))
(;N[(c)]W[pd];B[od];W[rf];B[pf];W[rg];B[qb];W[rb];B[rd];W[qd];B[pb];W[rc])
(;W[re]C[White 6 is a heavy move, and not recommended.]N[not good (d)];B[pf];W[ob];B[nb]LB[pb:a][nc:b]C[White draws back at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[mc]C[White has sente, but a small corner. Black's thickness is better.])
(;W[nc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[od];W[mb];B[pb];W[na];B[qb];W[nd];B[ne];W[me];B[nf]))
(;W[qd]C[White 6 is a heavy move, and not recommended.]N[mistake (e)];B[pf];W[ob]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[nb];B[pb];W[pc];B[mb];W[qb];B[mc])
(;B[nb]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc]C[Black now lacks a good response.])))
(;B[pf]LB[qf:a][ob:b]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pg]LB[qg:a][ob:b]C[If White has followed this line, it is correct to continue at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake in move order.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[ph];W[jc])
(;W[ob]N[mistake (b)]C[White 8 is a mistake in move order.];B[qd]LB[rd:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pd]MA[pb][rc]C[Black has now created the two marked cutting points. White is in trouble.])
(;W[pd]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd];W[pc];B[rc];W[od];B[qg])))
(;W[ob]N[(b)]LB[nc:a][nb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[qf];B[pg];W[nb];B[mc];W[pd];B[od];W[pc])
(;B[nb]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[od];W[mb];B[pb];W[na];B[pc];W[kd];B[qf]LB[qb:a]C[The sequence ends in gote for Black.

White can get a ko in the corner with 'a'. See variation 4-3-1-1-1-2-1-1.]))))
(;W[re]N[(b)]LB[qb:a][qf:b][rf:c]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is an overplay.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)]LB[pb:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not good.]
(;W[pb];B[pc];W[rb];B[qd];W[rc];B[ob];W[qa];B[kd])
(;W[rb]LB[pb:a][qd:b]C[White 6 is not recommended: White is too low.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[not good (b)]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[qg];B[kc])
(;B[qd]N[(b)]LB[rd:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pc];W[rc];B[kc])
(;W[pb]C[White 8 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pc];W[rc];B[ob];W[qa]))))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qg];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb];B[nc])
(;B[rf]C[Black 5 is an overplay.]N[not good (c)];W[qf];B[qe];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf];B[qd];W[pf]LB[oe:a][of:b]C[Black 'a' is submissive, but Black 'b' leaves aji for White 2.]))
(;W[ob]C[White 'c' is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[nb]LB[pb:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[nc];W[re];B[rf]C[Black 9 works here: White cannot afford to sacrifice the corner stones now.

Compare this to variation 4-3-1-2-3.];W[rd];B[qf]C[Now Black has great thickness.])
(;W[nc]N[not good (b)]LB[nd:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is slack.]
(;B[nd];W[mc];B[pb];W[od];B[pc];W[pd];B[qd];W[oe];B[of];W[ne];B[qe];W[mb];B[oa]
;W[me])
(;B[od]C[Black 7 is a slack move.]N[mistake (b)];W[mb];B[pb];W[na]C[Now Black must confine White 2, while White gets a nice extension on the side.];B[pc]))))
(;B[qd]N[(b)]LB[rd:a][pc:b]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rd]LB[pd:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]LB[qe:a][re:b]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White should play 'a' if the ladder to the bottom left is favorable to White.

White 'b' does not involve a ladder.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)]LB[rc:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' with a favorable ladder, or 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[rb];B[re];W[sc];B[qf])
(;B[re]C[Black must play this way with an unfavorable ladder, though the result favors White.]N[not good (b)];W[rf];B[rc];W[se];B[qb]C[Black's corner is small, and White's ponnuki shape powerful.]))
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[qb];W[rc];B[pb];W[qh];B[kc]))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[pc];B[od];W[re];B[qg]LB[rf:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[og])
(;W[pd]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pe];W[oe];B[pg];W[ne];B[ob];W[rb];B[lc]C[White faces a difficult fight.])))
(;W[pc]C[White 4 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pd];W[ob];B[nc];W[nb];B[mc];W[rd];B[re];W[rc];B[qf]C[Black's thickness is superior.]))
(;B[pd]N[(c)]LB[qe:a][qd:b][re:c]C[Black 3 is playable only in this situation. This shape is a bit vulgar, and so is not seen in other joseki. 
Black should have a favorable ladder to play this way.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[qe]C[Black 4 is the only good move.]N[(a)];B[qd];W[rd])
(;W[qd]C[White 'b' is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe]LB[re:a][pe:b]C[White must now submit to playing 'a'. A cut at 'b', starting a fight, is unreasonable.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qf];W[rf];B[qg])
(;W[pe]N[mistake (b)]C[White 6 is unreasonable without more support.];B[re];W[oe];B[pc]CR[kd]C[Black captures the corner stones.

Without support for White at the marked location, this fight is unreasonable.]))
(;W[re]N[mistake (c)]C[White 4 is a mistake.];B[qe]LB[rd:a][rf:b][qf:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White cannot play 'b'.]
(;W[rd]C[White must back up to connect.]N[(a)];B[qf])
(;W[rf]C[White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd];W[qd];B[rc])
(;W[qf]C[Assuming Black has the ladder, White 6 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[rd];W[qd];B[pe]LB[rc:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rf];W[sd];B[qg])
(;W[rf]C[White 10 compounds the mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc]C[White suffers a big loss.]))))
(;B[qe]N[(d)]C[As the 3-3 point is easily settled, there must be some strategic advantage in attacking it with the pincer, namely, surrounding support. By itself, the pincer is somewhat unreasonable.];W[pd];B[pf]LB[od:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[od]N[(a)]LB[mc:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[mc]LB[nd:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[nd]N[narabi (extend) (a)];B[nc];W[nf]LB[jc:a][pi:b][rb:c]C[Pincers at 'a' and 'b' are miai for White, so Black should have had support before initiating this pincer.

A Black placement at 'c' can deprive White of getting an eye in the corner.])
(;W[nc]N[warikomi (thrust in) (b)];B[nd];W[nb];B[md];W[ob];B[nf]))
(;B[nc]N[not good (b)]C[Black 7 is too slow.];W[of]LB[og:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[pg]LB[nd:a]C[White has the advantage, and starts a fight.

White 'a' remains as sente.])
(;B[ph]N[(b)];W[md])))
(;W[pe]N[(b)];B[qf]LB[ne:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ne];B[md];W[of];B[ph])
(;W[nd];B[nc];W[md];B[mc];W[ld];B[kc]CR[nf]C[A Black jump to the marked location is sente, so White has not really built thickness.])))
(;B[qf]LB[qe:a][pd:b][od:c]N[(e)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.

White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[qe]N[(a)]LB[pe:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;B[pe]C[From here White cuts at 'a' or attaches underneath at 'b'.]LB[pf:a][ob:b]N[(a)]
(;W[pf]N[(a)])
(;W[ob]N[(b)]))
(;B[pf]N[(b)]C[Black 5 makes sense with local support on either side.];W[od];B[nc];W[pc]C[White 8 is the proper move.];B[nd];W[oe]LB[kd:a][pi:b]C[Now 'a' and 'b' are miai.]))
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[of];W[od];B[mc]LB[nd:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' to get outside, or 'b' to take the corner.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[md];W[nf])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[nb];B[md];W[ob]))
(;W[od]C[White 4 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[pd];W[pc];B[ob]LB[pe:a]C[White will have trouble looking after the corner stones. White could play 'a' and immediately sacrifice the stones, but the loss would be considerable.];W[pe];B[qd];W[qe];B[rd];W[re]LB[rc:a][oe:b]C[Simply taking with 'a' is good enough for Black. Black may also atari first with 'b' if that is strategically sensible. ]
))))
(;B[od]LB[qd:a][qc:b]C[The takamoku (high) point (5-4). With its emphasis on influence, the 5-4 point complements the 4-4 (hoshi) point in creating an influence-oriented fuseki.

White approaches with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' is played when Black has support at the top.

There are several 5-4 trick plays, often involving unfathomable reading, with pitfalls at any point. Some simple variations of trick plays are covered here.]N[takamoku (5-4)]
(;W[qd]LB[qc:a][qe:b][pf:c][pg:d][qf:e][qg:f][re:g]C[Black responds with 'a' to 'f'. 

Black 'c' is the most appropriate response given the influence orientation of the 5-4.

Black 'f' & 'g' are trick plays.  

Black 'g' gives equal outcomes if both sides play correctly: Black gets thickness, and White corner territory.

g7, f6, e5, d4, c3, b2, a1
]N[ikken kakari (1 point high attack) (a)]
(;B[qc]LB[rc:a][kc:b]N[hiku-tsuke-hiki (low attach to draw back) (a)]C[White reponses continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rc]N[tsuke-kaeshi (counter-attach) (a)];B[pc]LB[re:a][pf:b][qf:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[re]N[(a)]LB[kc:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. If a Black extension such as 'a' already exists, Black continues with 'b'.]
(;B[kc]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b', or plays elsewhere ('c').]LB[pf:a][oe:b][dp:c]N[(a)]
(;W[pf]LB[dp:a][pg:b][oe:c]N[(a)]C[Black may play elsewhere ('a'). Black 'b' and 'c' are local continuations.];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.  White can press with 'a', 'b' or 'd'. White 'a' emphasizes the right side, while 'b' and 'd' are pure reduction moves.

White 'c' can be played if White values the top.]N[Black tenuki (a)]LB[ne:a][nd:b][ic:c][ld:d]
(;W[ne]LB[mc:a][nd:b]C[Black can protect at 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)])
(;B[nd]N[(b)]))
(;W[nd]N[(b)];B[me];W[ld])
(;W[ic]CR[hc]LB[ke:a][cq:b]N[(c)]C[White plays 9 with support in the top-left corner.

A Black extension to the red dot before White 10 is a first-rate fuseki point.

Black continues with 'a'. Black should not ignore White 10 by playing elsewhere ('b').]
(;B[ke]C[White 20 can be considered a forcing move.]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black ignores White's checking extension, a mistake.
 
White invades.]N[Black tenuki: mistake (b)];W[mc]LB[md:a][ld:b]C[Black continues with 'a', and lets White connect underneath. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[md]N[(a)])
(;B[ld]C[Black 11 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[md];B[me];W[kb];B[jb];W[lb];B[jc];W[ib];B[ja];W[ne])))
(;W[ld]N[(d)]C[White 9 is a simple reduction move.];B[lc]))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[ne];W[of];B[qf]C[Black 11 is a tesuji at the vital point of White's shape.];W[pd];B[nd];W[pi])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere. 

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' aims for influence, while 'b' aims to build a presence on the right.]N[White tenuki (c)]LB[pg:a][qf:b]
(;B[pg]LB[qf:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[Black influence (a)]
(;W[qf];B[pf]LB[qh:a][cq:b]C[White continues locally with 'a', or switches elsewhere again ('b').]
(;W[qh]N[(a)])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere again.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh];W[]C[Amazingly, White plays elsewhere again.]N[White tenuki];B[sg];W[rf];B[rb];W[sb];B[qb];W[pe]LB[oe:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', making a false eye, is not recommended.]

(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[pd]C[There is still a cutting point in Black's outside wall. This outcome should not favor Black (with three White moves elsewhere).])
(;B[pd]C[Black should not play 20 here unless White can be killed.]N[(b)];W[oe])))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[pe];W[pd];B[oc];W[ne];B[qe];W[rd];B[qg];W[qb];B[pb];W[qa];B[ng]C[Black 21 is a possible continuation.]
;W[mc];B[mb]LB[le:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' does not work.]
(;W[le]N[(a)])
(;W[nb]LB[md:a][nc:b]C[White 24 is a mistake. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)]
(;B[md]C[Black's double contact play is a tesuji.]N[(a)];W[lc];B[lb];W[nc];B[nd];W[ld];B[pa];W[sb];B[me];W[kd])
(;B[nc]C[Black 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[lb];B[md];W[lc];B[nd]))))
(;B[qf]N[Black right (b)]LB[pe:a][qg:b]C[Black 8 emphasizes the right side.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[pg]LB[oe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oe]LB[ng:a][nd:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake in direction.]
(;B[ng]N[(a)];W[mg]LB[nd:a][nf:b][ne:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b and 'c' are unreasonable.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[nf];B[nh];W[lf])
(;B[nf]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[ne];B[mc];W[nc];B[nd];W[me];B[md];W[mf];B[nh];W[li])
(;B[ne]C[Black 15 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[nd];B[nc];W[md];B[mc];W[nf];B[me];W[og]C[Black may be better off at top, but the original aim of building the right side is ruined.]))
(;B[nd]C[Black 12 is change in direction from emphasis on the right, and as such a mistake.]N[not good (b)];W[og];B[oh];W[ng];B[ph];W[ne]))
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[og];W[qg];B[qh];W[rg];B[rh];W[rf]))
(;W[qg]LB[pg:a][rf:b]C[White 9 is an emergency measure, and not recommended as an ordinary play. White is too low.

Black 'a', keeping White low, is good enough. If Black wants to play tough, 'b'.]N[not good: low (b)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[rg];B[ph];W[qi])
(;B[rf]N[(b)])))))
(;B[pg]AB[jc]C[Black plays 7 when Black already has support at top as shown.]N[(b)];W[qf];B[pf]C[White has been had. This variation demonstrates why White enters at the 3-3 point rather than play the 3-4 when Black has an extension at top as shown.]))
(;W[pf]C[White 6 is a strategy when Black has the lower right corner and White wants to make a significant extension to the lower side.]N[(b)];B[rb];W[qj])
(;W[qf]AB[jc]C[White plays 6 when Black already has an extension as shown.]N[(c)];B[rb];W[qi]))
(;W[kc]LB[pd:a][rd:b][qe:c]N[hasami (pincer) (b)]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.

]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[qe]LB[pb:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' and ends in sente. Black 'b' is not recommended, as Black gets a narrow extension and ends in gote.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[qh])
(;B[rc]N[not good (b)]C[ Black 7 results in a narrow extension and ends in gote for Black.];W[qh];B[mc]C[Black 9 nine is one space too close.]))
(;B[rd]N[(b)]LB[pc:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake in order.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[pd];W[qe]LB[rc:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[oc]C[White 10 is a continuation.];B[nc];W[nb];B[nd];W[mb];B[pf])
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[qf];B[qb];W[of];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere. White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[Black tenuki]LB[nd:a][ob:b]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[nc];W[md])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[nb];W[nc];B[oc];W[mb];B[pb];W[na])))
(;W[qe]C[White 6 is a mistake in order.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[pc];B[qb]LB[qf:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[oc]C[Compare this result with 5-1-1-2-2-1.])
(;W[pd]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[qf];W[oe]C[White is getting short of liberties.];B[nd];W[ne];B[ob]C[And the Black stones can connect with 15.])))
(;B[qe]N[(c)];W[pd]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pe];B[rd]LB[re:a][pf:b]C[Joseki continues with 'a'. White 'b' is from a professional game, but not recommended.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qf]LB[oe:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a' for influence, or 'b' to live peacefully in the corner at a loss of influence.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[rc];W[nd];B[oc];W[pg];B[rf];W[ng])
(;W[rc]N[(b)]C[White 12 gives a peaceful result.];B[of]LB[sd:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[sd]N[(a)];B[pf];W[rb];B[oe];W[rd]CR[oc]C[Next, Black plays elsewhere. The marked cutting point is small early in fuseki.])
(;W[oc]C[White cannot cut at 14.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[sd];B[pf];W[rd];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc];B[rb];W[sb];B[qb]LB[rf:a][pa:b]C[White 'a' results in a ko, but the stakes are too high. White 'b' and Black wins the fight outright.]

(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[rg];W[rh];B[sg];W[sf];B[qh];W[pa];B[mb];W[lb];B[ld];W[lc];B[pb];W[ma]
;B[ra];W[na];B[sa]C[Black has first shot at the ko. White loses.])
(;W[pa]N[(b)];B[rf]CR[sf]C[White can provoke a ko by playing at the marked spot, but a White loss is inevitable.]))))
(;W[pf]N[(b)]LB[qf:a][re:b]C[White 10 was played by Sakata Eio against Rin Kaiho in the 2nd game of the 1965 Meijin Title match.

Black gets a favorable result.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[rc];B[pg]LB[of:a][re:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[of]N[(a)];B[rb];W[re];B[sc];W[qg];B[rf];W[rg];B[se];W[oh])
(;W[re]N[not good (b)]C[White 14 is not recommended. The corner ends in a seki. Black has a favorable position on the right, while the top equals out at best for White.];B[of];W[sd];B[oe];W[rd];B[qg];W[oc];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb];W[mb];B[rb]
;W[sb];B[ra];W[rf];B[rg];W[sf];B[pb];W[og];B[md];W[mc];B[mf];W[qa];B[pi]))
(;B[re]N[(b)]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way. Even so, White gets a ladder block move in the lower left corner.];W[oc];B[nc];W[ob];B[nb];W[nd];B[oe])))
(;B[pe]C[Black 7 is not recommended. Black builds thickness in gote, gives away a large corner in the process, while White's pincer stone retains its purpose.]N[not good (b)];W[pc];B[oc];W[pb];B[ob];W[re];B[rf];W[rd];B[oe]))))
(;B[qe]C[Black 3 aims to build influence, but this could alter. A favorable ladder for Black is desirable, but not necessary.]N[taka-tsuke-hiki (high attach to draw back) (b)];W[re]LB[pe:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;B[pe]LB[qf:a][rf:b][pc:c]C[White continues with 'a' (joseki). 

White 'b' is not advantageous, as White is low. 

White 'c' is not joseki.]N[(a)]
(;W[qf]LB[rd:a][rf:b][pf:c][pg:d]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'd'.
Black must have the ladder to play 'a'.

outcomes:

a1 - Black outside (Black must have the ladder)
b2 - Black inside
c3 - Fighting
d4 - Black avoids basic patterns, and may trick White]
(;B[rd]C[Black plays 7 to take the outside. Black must have the ladder to catch White 6 to play this way.]N[Black ladder (a)];W[rc];B[rf];W[sd];B[qg]LB[ob:a]C[Black must have the ladder.

White continues  at 'a' with joseki. To play elsewhere ('b') invites a loss.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pf];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[nb]LB[nc:a][oc:b][pb:c]C[This is Black's continuation to try to seal White in, but White trades the corner for the side with 'a'. 

White 'b' is vulgar.

White 'c' preserves the corner if the side is not worth the corner sacrifice.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[oc];W[mb];B[pb];W[na];B[pc];W[nd];B[pa]LB[qb:a]C[If Black omits 23, White 'a' brings the corner back to life. The result is equal.])
(;W[oc]C[White 15 is a vulgar move.]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (b)];B[nc];W[pd];B[qb]C[Black 19 is effectively timed.];W[pb];B[nd]C[Black gets good outside influence while retaining some ominous corner potential.])
(;W[pb]C[White keeps the corner, giving Black the top.]N[White corner (c)]))
(;W[]C[White playing elsewhere is a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[pc]LB[qc:a]C[White plays 'a' to save the corner, or elsewhere ('b') and loses the corner.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[pf]C[Black forces with 13.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (b)];B[qb]C[Black can capture the corner, but has taken many stones to do so.])))
(;B[rf]C[Black plays 7 to take the inside.]N[(b)];W[rg]LB[rd:a][pf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[sf];B[qc]LB[pf:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pf]LB[of:a][ne:b][dp:c]C[Black continues with 'a', 'b' or elsewhere.]N[(a)]
(;B[of]C[Continuation.]N[(a)];W[og];B[nf];W[jc]LB[lc:a][dp:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Playing elsewhere ('b') is a mistake.]
(;B[lc]C[Black 17 is a big point.]N[(a)])
(;B[]C[Black should not play elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki: not good (b)];W[rc]LB[pd:a][sd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;B[pd]C[Black 18 is submissive, but necessary.]N[(a)];W[sd];B[rb];W[qd];B[pb])
(;B[sd]C[Black 18 is a mistake, thanks to a White tesuji.]N[mistake (b)];W[pc]LB[pd:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' compounds the mistake.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[qb];B[qd];W[oc])
(;B[qb]C[Black 20 compounds the mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[oe];W[sc]))))
(;B[ne]C[Continuation.]N[(b)];W[nf];B[mf];W[of];B[me])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (c)];W[ne];B[mc]))
(;W[og]N[not good (b)]C[White 12 lacks force, as the continuation demonstrates.];B[]N[Black tenuki];W[rc]C[White 13 no longer works because of the extra liberty to the right of Black 5 (where White 12 should be).];B[sd];W[pc];B[qb]))
(;B[pf]N[(b)]LB[sf:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[sf]C[White 10 is the only move.]N[(a)];B[qg];W[qh]LB[rf:a][pg:b]C[White must not play 12 at 'a', letting Black extend to 12.

Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)]LB[rc:a][dp:b]C[White continues locally with 'a'.

White 'b' is from a professional game, where White played elsewhere.]
(;W[rc]LB[pg:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is vulgar.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[ri];B[oi])
(;B[ph]C[Black 15 lets White improve his shape.]N[mistake (b)];W[qi];B[pi];W[pj];B[oj];W[pk]CR[oi]C[White does not shrink from the ko, and aims to cut at the marked location.]))
(;W[]N[White tenuki (b)]LB[dp:a][rd:b]C[Variation 'a' is from the final preliminary round of the 1957 Honinbo Title: White - Sugiuchi; Black - Etsuo.

In variation 'b', Black challenges the ko.]
(;B[]C[Black responds to White's move by playing elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (a)];W[qf]N[ko];B[pg];W[ph];B[oh];W[oi];B[rf]N[ko];W[nh];B[rh];W[qf]N[ko];B[og]
;W[ri];B[ni];W[oj];B[]N[Black tenuki];W[mh];B[rf]N[ko];W[sh];B[rd];W[qf]N[ko];B[qc])
(;B[rd]N[(a)]C[Black challenges White, but lacks ko threats.];W[qf];B[qc];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[ng];W[nh])))
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[ph];B[rf];W[rc];B[rh];W[qf];B[oh];W[oi];B[rf];W[sg];B[nh];W[ni];B[mi]
;W[pj];B[mh]))
(;W[qg]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rd];W[sf];B[qc])))
(;B[pf]C[Black 7 is for strong fighters.]N[fight (c)];W[qg];B[rf];W[rd]LB[qh:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' builds thickness, but gives up too much territory.]
(;B[qh]LB[rg:a][pg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' can give a settled shape or start a fight at White's choice. White 'b produces a fight.]N[(a)]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[pg]LB[ph:a][rh:b]C[White 'a' starts a fight. Alternately, to avoid a fight, White may play 'b', which settles the shape without loss to White.]
(;W[ph]C[White 14 is a fighting move.]N[fight (a)];B[rh];W[sf];B[qj];W[oh];B[oj];W[mh];B[ld])
(;W[rh]C[White plays it safe.]N[(b)];B[qi]))
(;W[pg]C[White 12 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[rg]LB[ph:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)];B[qi]LB[pi:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pi]N[(a)];B[qj];W[oc];B[nc]LB[ob:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pd];W[pc];B[md];W[nb];B[lc];W[ne];B[nd];W[ng])
(;W[pc]C[White 20 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[nd]))
(;W[oc]N[(b)];B[nc];W[pc];B[pi];W[nh];B[oi];W[ng];B[nd]))
(;W[og]N[(b)]C[White 12 is not recommended.];B[pc];W[qc];B[pb];W[qb]C[White is alive because of the liberty at the marked point, which makes a Black play there sente for the White group in the corner.]CR[pd];B[pi])))
(;B[pg]N[(b)];W[qh];B[ph];W[qi]))
(;B[pg]LB[qc:a][pf:b][qh:c][qg:d]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' and 'd' are mistakes.]N[(d)]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[pf];W[rf])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[of];W[rg];B[og];W[qi])
(;W[qh]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[(c)];B[rd];W[rc];B[rf];W[sd];B[qg])
(;W[qg]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (d)];B[qh]C[White is likely to be captured.];W[ph];B[pf];W[qi];B[rh];W[rg];B[sg];W[rf];B[ri];W[qj];B[rj]
;W[qk];B[rk];W[ql];B[rc];W[rd];B[qc])))
(;W[rf]C[White plays 6 to avoid the result in which his outside stone is captured, but in the local context this move is disadvantageous.]N[(b)];B[qc]LB[rc:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not joseki.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[pd];W[rd];B[qb];W[qh];B[kc])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[pc];W[qh];B[kc]LB[qk:a]C[White does not have as good an eye shape as joseki, and needs to add a play at 'a' to get a satisfactory position.]))
(;W[pc]LB[rf:a][oc:b]N[(c)]CR[qc]C[White attempts to forestall the Black contact play at the marked location.

Black continues at 'a'. Black 'b' is not as good.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[oc];B[nc]LB[nb:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[nb]N[(a)];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc];W[rd];B[qg])
(;W[nd]C[White 10 is unreasonable. White starts a losing fight.]N[mistake (b)];B[lc];W[ne];B[nb];W[rd];B[pg];W[le];B[jd]))
(;B[oc]C[Black 7 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[rf];B[kc]LB[qc:a]C[Black cannot attach at 'a' successfully when White plays elsewhere.];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[qc]C[Black cannot play 11 successfully, though White must play correctly.];W[qb];B[rc];W[pb];B[rd]
;W[pd];B[rb];W[ob]LB[nb:a][oe:b]C[Black cannot block at 'a' because of the cutting point at 'b'.];B[nb];W[oe])))
(;B[qf]N[? (b)]C[The wisdom of Black 5 is controversial.

Yoshio Ishida commented that the Black 5 is "slightly vulgar in style".

This variation is seldom played by professionals.

Supporting stones may make this play smart for Black.];W[pd];B[oe]LB[ob:a][rf:b][oc:c]C[White 'a' is correct.
 
White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)]LB[rf:a][nb:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.
Black 'a' emphasizes the right, Black 'b' the top.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)]C[Black prefers the right.];W[mc]C[White moves out.];B[rd];W[rc];B[se];W[me]LB[oc:a][pb:b]C[White 14 gives White good position at top.

White need not worry about connection. 'a' and 'b' are miai: Black 'a', White 'b'; Black 'b', White 'a'.])
(;B[nb]N[(b)]C[Black values the top.];W[pb];B[mc];W[rf];B[qh]LB[pe:a]CR[of]C[White has solid corner territory.

Black still faces the aji of White's push at 'a' and the cut at the marked point, so the result is not generally considered equal.]))
(;W[rf]N[mistake (b)]C[White 8 is a mistake in order.];B[rc];W[rd]C[White must play this way or else he loses stones.];B[oc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qb];B[jc]LB[pe:a][of:b]C[Black's two stones are expendable. Black plays 'b' to White 'a'.])
(;W[oc]C[White 8 is incredibly vulgar.]N[zoku-suji (vulgar) (c)];B[nc];W[ob];B[nb];W[rf];B[qg]LB[qb:a]CR[pe]C[White now has to worry about Black 'a'.

White has also lost the opportunity to push and cut at the marked point.])))
(;B[pf]LB[oc:a][qf:b][dp:c][rf:d]N[keima-takabasami (high knight pincer) (c)]C[Black 3 can be regarded as the most appropriate continuation from the 5-4 stone.

White continues with 'a' or 'b' or plays elsewhere ('c'). White 'd' is not recommended.]
(;W[oc]LB[nc:a][pd:b][pc:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. 

Black 'a' and 'b' aim to build influence along the top. 

Black 'c' starts a fight. Black must have the ladder off Black 3 to play this way.]N[(a)]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[pc]LB[nd:a][md:b][nb:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)]LB[dp:a][rf:b]C[White often plays elsewhere (a). White continues locally with 'b'.]
(;W[]N[White tenuki (a)]LB[re:a][rf:b]C[White plays elsewhere.

Black continues locally with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[re];W[rd]LB[qe:a][dp:b]C[Black may continue locally with 'a' for thickness, though this is not played early in the game.

'b' shows White's continuation locally (after Black tenuki).]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[pd];B[pe];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[ob]C[Black 13 is sente.];W[pb];B[nb];W[rb]C[White 16 is necessary to live.])
(;B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki (b)];W[pe]C[White 10 is normally vulgar style.];B[of];W[qf];B[qg];W[rf]LB[oh:a][rg:b]CR[pg]C[Black continues with 'a' or, if the cut at the marked spot is no problem, 'b'.]
(;B[oh]N[(a)])
(;B[rg]CR[pg]C[To play this way, Black must not be worried about a cut at the marked location.]N[(b)])))
(;B[rf]C[Anything White would reply would be submissive, so naturally White plays elsewhere.]N[(b)];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[rb]C[Black 9 is the obvious torment.];W[rc];B[qb];W[re]LB[pd:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is from professional play, but is not recommended.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[qc];B[qe]LB[sb:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b'  is not recommended.]
(;W[sb]N[(a)];B[se];W[ra];B[nb];W[pb])
(;W[nb]C[White 16 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[mb];W[sf];B[sg];W[se];B[rg];W[sb];B[sd];W[rd];B[ob];W[pb];B[na]
;W[pa]))
(;B[qe]N[not good (b)]C[Black 13 was played by Hashimoto Shoji against Rin Kaiho in the 1965 Meijin league. This sequence is a mistake.];W[pe];B[qf];W[pd];B[nb];W[oe];B[ng];W[ne];B[me];W[ob];B[mf];W[sd]
;B[sf];W[sb];B[se];W[rd];B[qa];W[pa]C[Black can get a ko on the 1-1 point.]MA[sa])))
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[qg];W[rg];B[qi]))
(;B[md]N[(b)]LB[dp:a][qf:b][oe:c]C[White continues by playing elsewhere (a). Local continuations at 'b' and 'c' are shown.]
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (a)];B[re])
(;W[qf]C[White 8 is not recommended. Black gets good shape for small White profit.]N[not good (b)];B[qg];W[rf];B[pd];W[qc];B[ph])
(;W[oe]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[pe];W[pd]LB[of:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[of]N[(a)]LB[nd:a][ne:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are both bad.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)];B[ne];W[od];B[me]C[White has achieved nothing.])
(;W[ne]N[(b)]LB[mf:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to seal White in,  or 'b' to create a target of White stones running to the center.]
(;B[mf]N[(a)];W[nd];B[mc])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[me];B[ld];W[le];B[kd];W[mg];B[re];W[rd];B[oh])))
(;B[nd]C[Black 11 is what White was hoping for.]N[mistake (b)];W[rf];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh]C[White gets an efficient result.])))
(;B[nb]LB[rf:a][nd:b][dp:c]N[(c)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.  Playing elsewhere ('c') is a mistake.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[ng]LB[ic:a][nd:b]C[White continues with a checking extension, such as 'a'. Because of Black 9, a White cut at 'b' only strengthens Black.]
(;W[ic]N[(a)];B[rg]LB[re:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[qg])
(;W[qg]C[White 12 is an overplay.]N[mistake (b)];B[qf];W[rh];B[re];W[sg]LB[qe:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is tough, and trouble.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[rd];B[se];W[rb];B[pg];W[ph];B[qi];W[qh];B[qk])
(;B[rd]C[Black 17 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[rc];B[qe];W[pd];B[rb];W[oe];B[nd];W[of];B[pg];W[og];B[ph];W[pe]
;B[oh];W[me];B[qb];W[mf];B[kc])))
(;W[nd]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[kiri (cut): mistake (b)];B[md];W[ne];B[me];W[oe];B[pe];W[pd];B[nf]))
(;W[nd]LB[pd:a][nf:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'a' results in split groups and fighting.

Black 'b' gives up the corner for the right side.]N[(a)]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[qc]LB[nf:a][md:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Both result in split groups and continued fighting.]
(;B[nf]N[(a)];W[md];B[lc])
(;B[md]N[(b)];W[ne];B[of];W[nf];B[re];W[ng]LB[ph:a][ob:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b', capturing the corner, is a mistake.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)];W[ob];B[kc];W[qe];B[qf];W[ni];B[pk])
(;B[ob]C[Black 17, capturing the corner, is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[qg];B[rg];W[rh];B[rf];W[pg];B[rd]LB[og:a]C[White 'a' is sente, so White builds a wall of steel.])))
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[md];B[pd];W[mc];B[qc];W[qb];B[rc];W[ob];B[rb];W[mb]))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (c)];B[re];W[rd];B[qe];W[pd];B[oe];W[ob];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tennuki ];W[pe]C[If White plays 14....];B[of];W[qf]
;B[qg]C[Black gives up the two stones.])))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc]LB[qc:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]LB[rc:a][qe:b][qb:c]N[(a)]C[White 'a' is joseki. White 'b' is a trick play. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[rb];B[qe];W[rd];B[nc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qa];B[md];W[ne];B[nd])
(;W[qe]LB[rc:a][qf:b]C[White 8 is a trick play.

Black continues with 'a'. Played correctly, Black gets a "flower-viewing" ko.

Black is tricked if he plays at 'b'.]N[trick (b)]
(;B[rc]LB[qf:a][rd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work if Black plays correctly.]N[(a)]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[nc];W[nb];B[mb];W[qb];B[rb];W[ob];B[mc];W[ra];B[pa]LB[qa:a][rd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Both result in ko.]

(;W[qa]N[(a)];B[na];W[pb];B[ma];W[oa];B[sa];W[sb];B[sc])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[qa];W[sb];B[sa]))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[qb]LB[nc:a][qf:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. Black's reply (at 'b') to White 'a' is less obvious (than White 'b', Black 'a').];W[nc];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg];W[qg];B[sf];W[re];B[pg]
))
(;B[qf]CR[rc]C[Black 9 is a mistake. Black should have played at the red dot.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc]LB[qb:a][nc:b]C[Black 'a' is better than 'b'.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rb];B[nc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qa];B[nf])
(;B[nc]N[okay (b)];W[qb];B[nd])))
(;W[qb]C[White 8 is a mistake in style.]N[mistake (c)];B[rc]LB[rb:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' somewhat salvages the situation.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[rd];W[nd]LB[qe:a][nc:b][dp:c]C[Black 'a' is good enough. Black 'b' wreaks havoc on White, but Black must have the ladder to play 'b'. Black may also play elsewhere ('c').]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[mc])
(;B[nc]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[Black ladder (b)];W[mc];B[nb];W[ob];B[oa];W[pb];B[mb];W[ne];B[of];W[lc];B[lb]LB[kb:a][kc:b]C[Neither White 'a' nor 'b' work.]

(;W[kb]N[(a)];B[kc];W[jb];B[md];W[ld];B[me];W[nf];B[jc];W[la];B[le])
(;W[kc]N[(b)];B[sb]))
(;B[]MA[qe]C[Black plays elsewhere. This variation illustrates that White cannot pull out White 2 by playing at the marked spot.]N[(c)];W[qe]C[White 13 does not work.];B[re];W[qf];B[qg]))
(;W[nc]N[(b)]C[White cuts his losses.];B[rb];W[nd];B[of];W[jc])))
(;B[qe]LB[rd:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[rd]N[(a)]LB[qc:a][nc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qc]LB[qb:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is less favorable.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[re];W[rc];B[md])
(;W[rc]C[White 10 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[nc]LB[pb:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[me]C[Black 13 can also be at 'a', depending whether Black wants to emphasise the center or the top.]LB[md:a])
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[ob];W[pb])))
(;B[nc]N[(b)]LB[nb:a][re:b]C[Black 9 is a mistake.

White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[nb]LB[mc:a][mb:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' compounds the mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[mc]N[(a)];W[mb];B[lc])
(;B[mb]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[mc];B[nd];W[lb];B[ob];W[ma]LB[qc:a][pb:b]C[Black 'a' and Black yields White 2 and 8 in gote. Black 'b' is a complete loss.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)];W[pb];B[rc])
(;B[pb]N[(b)];W[qc];B[qb];W[rb];B[ra];W[sb];B[re];W[oa];B[sd];W[rc];B[qa];W[na])))
(;W[re]N[(b)]LB[rf:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to emphasize the top, 'b' to secure the right side.

Black 'a' and White cuts at 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)]LB[nd:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[nd]N[(a)]C[White's cut provokes a fight.];B[mc]LB[ne:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a', possibly 'b'.]
(;W[ne]C[If White chooses to activate the stone for a fight.]N[(a)];B[kd];W[of];B[pe];W[lf];B[og];W[ng];B[oh])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[ld];W[nf]))
(;W[nb]N[not good (b)]C[White 12 is not recommended, especially if Black has a favorable ladder to the top left.];B[mb];W[mc];B[nd];W[ob]LB[lc:a][lb:b]C[Black plays 'a' to catch 14 in a ladder, or 'b' if the ladder is unfavorable.]
(;B[lc]C[Assuming Black has the ladder.]N[(b)])
(;B[lb]N[(b)]CR[lc]C[If Black cannot capture White 14 in a ladder.

The continuation depends upon local support. Without support, White cannot afford toward the direction of the marked stone. Typically White would not put White 14 into play until later.])))
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[qg]))))
(;W[qc]N[(b)]LB[nd:a][nc:b][md:c]C[Black continues with 'a', which can give the same result, though in a different order, as one of the avalanche joseki. See 2-4-3-2-2-1.

Black 'b' is tough-minded, but not recommended.

Black 'c' is an outright mistake.]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mc];B[le];W[lc])
(;B[nc]LB[nd:a][mc:b][nb:c]C[Black 9 is tough-minded, but the outcomes do not necessarily favor Black.

One result is giving White influence while struggling for life underneath - a change from Black's original strategy.

White must reply carefully.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[nd]C[At best, Black ends up giving White thickness while Black crawls along the third line to make life of a group started by Black 9.]N[(a)];B[mc];W[ne];B[of]LB[kd:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[kd]N[(a)]LB[kc:a][ob:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[kc]N[(a)];W[ld];B[lc]LB[jd:a][jc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[jd]N[(a)];B[ic];W[id];B[hc];W[ge])
(;W[jc]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[jd];W[ic];B[md];W[me];B[le];W[ke];B[lf]))
(;B[ob]N[(b)];W[pb];B[le];W[ld];B[md];W[me];B[lf];W[lc];B[lb];W[kb]LB[mf:a][mb:b][nb:c]C[Black 'a', the only viable play, lets White connect his two groups. 

White 'b' and 'c' are the same mistake, and White wins the capturing race.]

(;B[mf]C[Black 25 lets White connect his two groups.]N[(a)];W[nb];B[mb];W[oa];B[nf];W[la];B[oe];W[ma]C[This quality of this result for either side depends upon surrounding stones. Certainly if Black wanted thickness, the original strategy, there was a better way to go about it.])
(;B[mb]C[Also see variation 3 for a different take on the same mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[la];B[na];W[ka];B[mf];W[ma])
(;B[nb]C[Also see variation 2 for a different take on the same mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[oa];B[na];W[pa];B[mf];W[ma])))
(;W[ld]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[md];W[me];B[le];W[kd];B[ob];W[pb];B[lf]))
(;W[mc]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[nb];W[nd];B[lc];W[ne];B[mb];W[of];B[pe];W[pg];B[qg];W[qh];B[rf]
;W[rg];B[rd];W[rc];B[og];W[qf];B[nf])
(;W[nb]C[White 10 is submissive.]N[mistake (c)];B[mc]))
(;B[md]C[Black 9 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[nd];B[ne];W[nc];B[me];W[lc]LB[kd:a]C[Locally, 'a' is the next play for either player.]))))
(;B[pc]C[Black must have a ladder off 3 to play this way.]N[(c)];W[pd]LB[qc:a][nc:b]C[Black may continue at 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]N[(a)]LB[rc:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rb]LB[rd:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'a' is fighting. White 'b' is peaceful, but a loss in the local context.]
(;W[rd]N[fight (a)];B[ob];W[nc]LB[nb:a][sb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;B[nb]LB[mc:a][oe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[oe];W[sb];B[qb]LB[qg:a][mb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a tempting mistake.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)]LB[ph:a][lc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[ph]LB[kc:a][ld:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is an overplay.]N[(a)]
(;W[kc]LB[mb:a][qf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[lb]LB[ld:a][ma:b]C[Black continues with 'a'.  Black 'b', omitting the peep, leads to a trick play. ]
(;B[ld]N[(a)];W[lc];B[ma]LB[qf:a][rh:b][qh:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is vulgar.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri];W[pg];B[og];W[oh]C[The ladder must be favorable for Black because of White 32.];B[ng];W[sg];B[oi];W[hc];B[nh]
)
(;W[rh]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' emphasizes the top. Black 'b' emphasizes the right.]N[(b)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qj];B[hc])
(;B[qh]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qj];W[ri];B[oj];W[hc]))
(;W[qh]C[White 26 is a vulgar move.]N[not good (c)];B[re];W[qe]LB[qf:a][qi:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to emphasize the right side, or 'b' to emphasize the top.]
(;B[qf]N[Black right (a)]C[Black plays 29 to emphasize the right side.];W[rf];B[rg];W[se];B[qi];W[rh];B[ri];W[pi];B[pg];W[sg];B[qk])
(;B[qi]N[Black top (b)]C[Black plays 29 to emphasize the top.];W[qf];B[pi];W[ri];B[rj];W[sh];B[hc])))
(;B[ma]C[Black 23 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[qf];B[qh];W[rh];B[ri];W[pg];B[og];W[oh];B[rg]C[Black 31 is a trick play.];W[rf];B[sh];W[ng]
;B[of]LB[mf:a][nf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)]LB[md:a][nh:b]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[lf];B[ld];W[lc])
(;B[nh]N[(b)];W[oi];B[me];W[lf];B[le];W[kf];B[ke];W[je];B[jf];W[kd];B[ni];W[oj]LB[kg:a][jg:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]

(;B[kg]N[(a)];W[jg];B[if];W[mh])
(;B[jg]N[(b)];W[lh];B[ne];W[kh]LB[jd:a][sf:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. White wins by a move either way.]
(;B[jd]N[(a)];W[ie];B[id];W[he];B[jb];W[pe];B[kb];W[nf];B[la];W[ld])
(;B[sf]N[(b)];W[nf];B[re];W[qe];B[se];W[ld];B[sd];W[md]))))
(;W[nf]N[mistake (b)]LB[md:a][ne:b]MA[ld]C[White 36 is a mistake. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an illustration of the importance of the Black peep at the marked location.]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[ld];B[me]LB[lf:a][lg:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[lf]N[(a)];B[mf];W[mg];B[lg]LB[le:a][nh:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. Black is out, and the White group at the bottom right dies.])
(;W[lg]N[(b)];B[nh];W[oi];B[mg]LB[mh:a][mf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[mh]N[(a)];B[mf];W[ni];B[ke];W[le];B[nd];W[lc];B[lf])
(;W[mf]N[(b)];B[le])))
(;B[ne]AB[ld]AW[lc]CR[lc][ld]N[(b)]C[If Black has made the peep exchange....];W[me]C[White 38 and Black resigns.];B[nh]C[If Black struggles on.];W[oi];B[mf];W[mg];B[md];W[le]
;B[lf];W[ke];B[mh];W[lg];B[kf];W[nd]))))
(;B[qf]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 21 is a mistake];W[rf];B[rh];W[rg];B[qh];W[pa]))
(;W[ld]C[White 20 is an overplay.]N[not good (b)];B[mb];W[lb];B[kc];W[lc];B[ma]))
(;B[lc]C[White 19 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[mb];B[lb];W[me];B[ma];W[ld]LB[jc:a][kd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[jc]N[(a)];W[jd];B[ic];W[qh];B[mf]C[If Black tries 29....];W[ke])
(;B[kd]N[not good (b)]LB[mf:a][ke:b]C[Black 25 is not recommended. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a careless mistake.]
(;W[mf]N[(a)];B[jc];W[qh])
(;W[ke]C[White 26 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[md];W[nd];B[ne];W[md];B[mf];W[le];B[jd]))))
(;W[mb]N[(b)]LB[pa:a][qe:b]C[White 18 is a mistake. Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a trick play that can be foiled.]
(;B[pa]N[(a)];W[qg];B[jc]C[Black 21 deprives the White stones of a base. This move is the reason White 18 is a mistake.];W[le];B[ph])
(;B[qe]C[Black 19 is a trick play. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]LB[rf:a][pa:b]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[re];W[se];B[qg];W[pa];B[ra];W[pb];B[rg];W[na])
(;W[pa]C[White 20 is a mistake.]N[(b)];B[ra]LB[pb:a][rf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.  Neither work.]
(;W[pb]N[(a)];B[re])
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[re];W[se];B[rg]LB[qf:a][sc:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pe];W[qg];B[sd]C[Black 29 drives the last nail in White's coffin.];W[sc];B[sa])
(;W[sc]N[(b)];B[oa]))))))
(;W[oe]N[(b)];B[nd];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[ld];W[kc];B[kd];W[jc]LB[sb:a][qf:b][jd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to live in the corner, or 'b' for thickness, while possibly sacrificing the corner.

Black 'c' is a mistake.]

(;B[sb]N[(a)]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[pe:a][qg:b]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[jd];W[id];B[ie];W[hd]LB[qf:a][pg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[qf]N[(a)];W[of];B[og];W[ng];B[oh];W[mf])
(;B[pg]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 29 is an all-out play, but unreasonable. Black must have the ladder to play this way. White gets and favorable result, and Black ends in gote.];W[nf];B[ng];W[mf];B[mg];W[lf];B[kg];W[lg];B[lh];W[kh];B[kf];W[mh]LB[li:a][of:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;B[li];W[og];B[nh];W[oh];B[ni];W[ph];B[pj];W[rh];B[jh])
(;B[of];W[li];B[ne];W[pi];B[rf]LB[ig:a]C['a' is the vital point of this shape: White's next move, if White plays in the center.])))
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[jd];W[id];B[ie];W[hd];B[qf];W[rf];B[re]LB[rg:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[qe];W[of];B[pg];W[pe];B[se];W[mf];B[kf];W[mh];B[pi])
(;W[qe]C[White 32 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rg];W[se];B[qh])))
(;B[qf]N[(b)];W[sb]LB[qa:a][ra:b]C[Black continues with 'a', and faces a ko. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qa]C[Black faces a ko.]N[(a)];W[ra];B[sa];W[pe]LB[sc:a][ng:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is the easy way out. Black 'b' is tough-minded.]
(;B[sc]N[(a)];W[of])
(;B[ng]N[(b)]C[Black 29 to fight the corner ko. Without other ko threats, Black loses, but gets thickness, giving what is considered an equal result.];W[ra];B[qb];W[pa];B[sa];W[of];B[og];W[ra];B[pb];W[mb];B[sa];W[sc]
;B[re];W[jd];B[nf];W[na]C[White captures, Black builds thickness. The result is considered equal.]))
(;B[ra]C[Black 25 is a mistake; the Black corner stones will die.]N[mistake (b)];W[pe];B[ng];W[pb];B[qb];W[pa]))
(;B[jd]N[mistake (c)]LB[sb:a][id:b]C[Black 23 is a rash mistake.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[sb]N[(a)];B[qa];W[ic]C[Now Black faces a ko in the corner.];B[qf]C[The following is from game 3 of the 1952 Honinbo Title between Hashimoto Utaro (White) and Takagawa (Black).];W[pe];B[ng];W[of];B[og];W[qh];B[re];W[ra];B[sa]
;W[rg];B[rf];W[ra];B[qb];W[pa];B[sa];W[se];B[ph];W[ra];B[pb];W[sf];B[qj];W[qi]
;B[pj];W[pi];B[oi];W[oj];B[ni];W[rj];B[rk];W[ri];B[ql]C[The remains unresolved, and the White group at right cannot live without winning the ko.])
(;W[id]C[White 24 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ic]C[Black 25 starts a sacrifice.];W[hc];B[ib];W[hb];B[jb];W[kb];B[ie];W[hd];B[mb]C[Now Black lives in the corner.];W[ia]
;B[qf]C[Black 35 captures the White stones.];W[pe];B[ng]))))
(;B[sb]C[Black 13 is a special strategy, and something of a trick play.]N[(b)];W[nb]LB[pb:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pb]N[(a)];W[oa];B[qa]LB[oe:a][kc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[nd]LB[lc:a][me:b]C[White continues with 'a' to have the White stones at top live, or 'b' to sacrifice the top White stones for magnificant thickness on the right and center.]
(;W[lc]LB[md:a][ne:b][pe:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[(a)]
(;B[md]N[(a)];W[pe];B[mf];W[ld];B[ng];W[qg]LB[of:a][qf:b]C[White 26 is a stylish move that takes care of the White stones

If Black 'a', White 'b'.

White is established on both sides, while Black's center stones are floating.])
(;B[ne]N[(b)]LB[qf:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b', a sacrifice play, comes from a professional game.]
(;W[qf]LB[pg:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qg];B[ph];W[pe];B[nf];W[ri]CR[of]C[Black still has the marked point to worry about.])
(;B[qg]C[Black 23 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[of]))
(;W[of]AW[pq][po][dd]AB[dq][do]N[(b)]C[White 22 was played by Magari against Nakamura Yutaro in the 1958 4th Top Position Title League.];B[pe];W[og];B[pg];W[ph];B[re];W[oh];B[mf]
;W[qe];B[rf];W[qf];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[rh];B[qi];W[sf];B[ri];W[se];B[pk];W[jd]
;B[mh];W[lg];B[mg];W[ni];B[qm];W[nk];B[jg];W[om]))
(;B[pe]N[(c)]LB[qf:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a' to save the White stones at lower right, or 'b' to sacrifice those stones to build thickness.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pg];W[me];B[ne];W[nf];B[md];W[ld];B[of];W[mc];B[oe];W[qg];B[ph];W[ri]
;B[mf];W[le];B[ng]C[After getting such thickness at top, White does not mind Black's ponnuki shape.];W[qj])
(;W[of]N[(b)];B[md];W[pg];B[qf];W[qg];B[rf];W[rg];B[se];W[og])))
(;W[me]C[White plays 20 to build thickness (while sacrificing the stones at top).]N[White thickness (b)];B[md];W[ld];B[lc];W[ne];B[mc];W[pe]LB[kc:a]C['a' is the vital point for either player.]))
(;W[kc]C[White 18 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[oe];W[qg];B[qf];W[rf];B[re];W[rg];B[qe];W[se];B[sd];W[sc];B[pe]
))
(;B[oe]LB[oa:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[(b)]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[qb];W[rf];B[rg];W[qg];B[qf];W[re];B[rh];W[pb]C[White wins by one move.])
(;W[qg]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]LB[qf:a][ld:b]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[ld])
(;W[ld]N[(b)];B[qf];W[rf];B[re])))))
(;W[nc]N[peaceful (b)]LB[rd:a][pe:b]C[White 10 is a peaceful reply, and a loss locally.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is greedy.]
(;B[rd]N[(a)];W[re];B[sc];W[oe];B[qe];W[nd];B[of];W[nf];B[ng];W[mf];B[mg];W[lg])
(;B[pe]N[(b)]C[Black 11 is a greedy attempt to capture all the White stones at right.];W[rd]LB[qe:a][sc:b][sb:c]C[Black 'a' is better than 'b' or 'c'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[re];B[rf];W[oe];B[nd];W[of]LB[md:a][pg:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])
(;B[sc]N[(b)];W[sb];B[sa];W[sd]LB[qb:a][qe:b]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Neither work.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[rf];B[rg];W[re]C[White 20 is the tesuji to give White enough liberties to win the ensuing ko.];B[ob];W[nb];B[qf];W[oa];B[sf];W[pb]C[It is White's turn to take ko. Black cannot win this fight with only local ko threats.])
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[sb];B[qb];W[ra];B[qa];W[pa];B[sa];W[nd]C[White's big ko threat.];B[oe];W[ra]))
(;B[sb]C[Black 13 aims to capture without ko.];W[ob];B[qb];W[rf];B[rg];W[qg];B[qf];W[qe]LB[qh:a][rh:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' are both hopeless.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[pg];B[og];W[oe])
(;B[rh]N[(b)];W[oe];B[nd];W[of];B[pg];W[og];B[ph];W[md])))))
(;W[nc]N[mistake (b)]C[White 8 is a mistake.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)]LB[rc:a][rd:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'. White 'b' depends upon a ladder to work.]
(;W[rc]LB[rd:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[rd]N[(a)])
(;B[rb]N[(b)];W[rd]C[See 5-1-3-1-3-1-1-1 for continuation.]))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[rc];W[rf];B[qf];W[re];B[rg];W[qg];B[qh];W[pb];B[qb];W[ob];B[sf];W[oe]
;B[nd];W[of];B[og];W[md];B[ne];W[nf];B[me];W[mf];B[le];W[sb]C[White takes the corner but...];B[lf]C[... White's center stones are likely forfeit.]))
(;B[rd]C[Black 9 is too mild.]N[not good (b)];W[oe];B[re];W[nd])))
(;B[nc]N[(b)];W[ob];B[pb]C[Black 7 and 9 comprise a famous trick play.];W[nb];B[rc]LB[qc:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[rb];B[ra];W[sb];B[sc];W[pa];B[sa];W[rb];B[sb];W[oa];B[rd];W[qa]
;B[re];W[rb]LB[oe:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' emphasizes the right at the expense of the top. Black 'b' gives Black positions at top and right.]
(;B[oe]N[(a)];W[mc];B[qb];W[jc])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[qf];B[qe];W[pe];B[qg];W[oe];B[ld]))
(;W[mc]N[(b)];B[nd];W[rd];B[qc];W[rf];B[rg];W[qg];B[qf];W[rh];B[re];W[sg]LB[se:a][sd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' tempts a ko.]

(;B[se]N[(a)];W[md];B[nf];W[ic]LB[og:a]C[White still has the forcing move at 'a'.])
(;B[sd]N[(b)]C[Black 23 tempts a ko.];W[se])))))
(;W[qf]LB[pg:a][qg:b][qc:c]C[White must have ladder to play this way.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]N[White ladder (b)]
(;B[pg]N[(a)]LB[oc:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[oc]LB[nc:a][pd:b][pc:c]MA[gc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b' for an exchange of White territory for Black influence. 

Black 'c' gives Black the corner. The exchange is  even if White can use his sente to get an important point, such as nearby the marked point.]N[(a)]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[md];W[qg];B[ph])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[qc]LB[rd:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' for a peaceful resolution, or 'b' to start a fight.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[nc];W[qb];B[md])
(;W[qe]N[(b)]LB[qb:a][rc:b]C[White 10 is a good way to start a fight.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[qb]N[(a)];W[nc];B[rd];W[re];B[sc];W[qh])
(;B[rc]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 11 is a mistake.];W[qb];B[rb];W[pb]C[The three Black stones cannot live.])))
(;B[pc]N[(c)]C[Black 'c' was an innovation by Yoo Chang-hyuk in the 27th Wangwi. ];W[pd];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[ob]LB[nc:a][oe:b]C[White 'a' is the only continuation. White gets a terrible result with 'b'.]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[nb]LB[mc:a][oe:b]C[White 'a' is the only continuation. White 'b' is unreasonable.]
(;W[mc]N[(a)];B[oe];W[sb];B[qb]LB[ld:a][qg:b]C[White 'a' is correct; 'b' leads to an uphill battle for White.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)]LB[mb:a][qg:b]C[Black 'a' is the correct continuation; 'b' is unreasonable and leads to an approach-move ko.]
(;B[mb]N[(a)];W[lb];B[kc];W[lc];B[ma];W[qg]LB[qh:a][ph:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is slack and gives White an advantage.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[rh]LB[ri:a][rg:b]C[The Black nidan-bane at 'a' is correct. Sealing White in with a move at 'b' is premature.]
(;B[ri]N[nidan-bane (2-step hane): good (a)];W[ra];B[pa];W[qi];B[ph];W[rj];B[rg];W[si];B[qe];W[rf];B[re];W[sg];B[se]
;W[gc]C[Now White still gets his way, but Black captures the corner.])
(;B[rg]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 29 is a mistake.];W[rf];B[ri];W[sg];B[qi];W[gc]C[White grabs the point that is important to him.]))
(;B[ph]N[not good (b)];W[ri]))
(;B[qg]C[Black 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[pa];B[qe];W[ra];B[pb];W[mb];B[qa];W[na];B[sa];W[sc]))
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[ld]))
(;W[oe]N[mistake (b)];B[nd];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[ld];W[kc];B[pe]))
(;W[oe]N[mistake (b)]C[White 14 is a mistake.];B[nc];W[pe];B[qg])))
(;W[qg]N[(b)]C[In absense of other stones, White 6 gives Black a slightly favorable result. There may be reasons for White to play this way.];B[qc]LB[ph:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)];B[pd];W[qe];B[rc]CR[qj]C[Locally, the result slightly favors Black.

Next, White extends down the right side, at least as far as the mark.])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[pd];W[qe];B[ph]LB[qb:a][qh:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[qh])
(;W[qh]N[(b)];B[rb];W[qb];B[pc];W[sb];B[pi]))))
(;B[qg]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][pe:b]C[White cuts at 'a'. White 'b' is a gross mistake.]
(;W[pg]LB[qe:a][of:b]N[(a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.

Black 'a' gives White the corner while Black takes thickness while persuing a White center group.

Black 'b' is a powerful fighting method, and works whether the ladder is favorable or not.

]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[rf]LB[pe:a][of:b]C[Black plays 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable, or 'b' if the ladder is favorable. White should not have played this variation if the ladder was unfavorable for White.]
(;B[pe]N[(a)];W[re]LB[qh:a][qi:b][ph:c]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' has also been played professionally. Black 'c' is sometimes seen in amateur games.]
(;B[qh]N[(a)];W[oc]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[nc:a][pd:b]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[md];W[og];B[pj];W[mg])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pc];B[qc];W[rd];B[qb];W[nc];B[rc]LB[ph:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ph]N[(a)]LB[qi:a][rg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qi]LB[ng:a][pi:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[ng]N[(a)]LB[me:a][nf:b]C[Black cannot escape. Neither Black 'a' nor 'b' work.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[ne];B[nd];W[md];B[nf];W[of]C[White captures in a snap-back.])
(;B[nf]N[(b)];W[mf];B[me];W[of]LB[ne:a][nd:b]C[Neither 'a' nor 'b' work for Black.]
(;B[ne]N[(a)];W[nd];B[oe];W[le])
(;B[nd]N[(b)];W[md];B[mc];W[ld])))
(;W[pi]C[White 22 is a mistake. Black escapes.]N[mistake (b)];B[ne]))
(;B[rg]C[Black 21 saves the five Black stones, in the process giving White a great wall in the center while Black takes 20 points in gote.];W[qi];B[ri];W[sg];B[rh];W[rj];B[qj];W[pi];B[rk];W[nd];B[of];W[nf];B[og]
;W[ng];B[oh];W[pj];B[qk];W[ni];B[sf];W[nh];B[sd]))
(;W[og]C[White 20 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nf])))
(;B[qi]C[Black 11 is a pattern first played professionally by Otake Hideo against Ishida Yoshio in the 1974 Meijin league.]N[(b)]AB[pp][cp]AW[cc][ep];W[og];B[rg];W[pd]C[White 14 is an application of variation 4-3-1-1-1-1-1-2 (a 5-3 joseki).];B[oe];W[oc];B[nc];W[pb]
;B[ob];W[pc];B[md];W[oi];B[pk];W[nb];B[mb];W[oa];B[lf];W[lh];B[jf];W[lc];B[mc]
;W[gd])
(;B[ph]N[(c)];W[og];B[qh];W[oc]))
(;B[of]C[Black must have the ladder to play this way.]N[(b)];W[re];B[ph]))
(;B[of]LB[pe:a][qh:b]N[(b)]C[Black starts a fight. This can be considered a trick play, though an equal result is possible.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake if Black plays properly.]
(;W[pe]N[(a)];B[rf];W[qe];B[oe];W[rg];B[qh];W[rh];B[qi];W[pc]CR[oc]C[The red dot point is large for either player, depending on the importance of the top.])
(;W[qh]LB[rg:a][qe:b]C[White 8 is a mistake only if Black plays well. Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' is complicated, 'b' simple.]N[mistake (b)]
(;B[rg]LB[rh:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'b'. White 'a' does not lead to a favorable result for White.
]N[(a)]
(;W[rh]LB[og:a][rf:b]N[mistake (a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[og]N[(a)];W[ph];B[qe];W[rf];B[re];W[sg];B[pd])
(;B[rf]N[(b)];W[qe];B[ph];W[og];B[ng];W[oh];B[pi]LB[re:a][nf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b', neither favorable.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[ni];W[sf];B[nh];W[sg];B[oi])
(;W[nf]N[(b)];B[ne];W[nh];B[qi];W[mg];B[me];W[re];B[ri];W[pd];B[oe];W[ob])))
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[rh];W[qi]LB[ph:a][ri:b]C[Black continues with 'a' if the ladder is favorable, 'b' if not.]
(;B[ph]N[(a)];W[og];B[pi];W[ri];B[ng])
(;B[ri]N[(b)];W[qj];B[rj];W[qk]LB[rk:a][qc:b]C[Black must continue at 'a'. Black loses with White 'b'. ]
(;B[rk]N[(a)];W[ql];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb]LB[rd:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[rd]LB[rl:a][qb:b]C[Black must continue with 'a'. Black cannot afford to play 'b': he will be one move short.]N[(a)]
(;B[rl]N[(a)];W[pc];B[oc];W[qb];B[qm];W[og];B[ng]C[This is an equal result.])
(;B[qb]N[mistake (b)];W[rl];B[pd];W[sk]))
(;W[pc]C[White 22 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb];W[pd];B[oc];W[pb];B[rd];W[re];B[sd];W[ob];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc]
;W[nb];B[rl]))
(;B[qc]N[mistake (b)];W[rk];B[rd];W[qe];B[pd];W[rc];B[rb];W[sg];B[pe];W[sj]))))
(;B[qe]LB[rg:a][rf:b]C[White 'a' is better than 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;W[rg]N[(a)];B[rf]LB[qg:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'b is tough, but White gets the corner through ko fights with 'b'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[pe];W[re];B[rd];W[sf];B[qc])
(;W[pd]N[ko fight (b)];B[oc];W[pe];B[qg];W[oe];B[ne];W[qf];B[re];W[rd];B[qg];W[nd];B[qf];W[nc]
;B[pb];W[nb];B[rb];W[qb];B[qc];W[pc];B[ob];W[rc];B[qa];W[oa];B[qc];W[me];B[nf]
;W[qb]))
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[re];W[rg];B[pd])))))
(;W[pe]N[mistake (b)]C[White 6 is the epitome of vulgarity.];B[oe]LB[pg:a][rg:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations. Either way, Black still gets a favorable outcome.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[of];W[qh];B[rg]LB[pi:a][rh:b][rf:c]C[White continues with 'a', or with a favorable outside ladder, 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[pi]N[(a)];B[qc]LB[rf:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is ridiculous.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[og];W[ph];B[rd])
(;W[rc]C[White 14 may look tough, but it is suicidal.]N[mistake (b)];B[re];W[qe];B[rd];W[pc];B[qb];W[pd];B[pb];W[oc];B[nc]))
(;W[rh]C[White must have the ladder to play this way.]N[White ladder (b)];B[rf];W[qe];B[ph];W[og];B[ng];W[oh];B[pi];W[re];B[ni])
(;W[rf]C[White would only play 12 if the ladder on the outside were unfavorable. This variation greatly favors Black.]N[mistake (c)];B[rh];W[qi];B[ri];W[qj];B[rj];W[qk];B[qc];W[rc];B[pd];W[rd];B[rk]LB[qb:a][ql:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' compounds the mistake.]

(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[og];W[ph];B[ql]C[White's right side group is in trouble.])
(;W[ql]C[White 24 begins a ko fight that White loses.]N[mistake (b)];B[qb];W[rl];B[rb];W[sg];B[qe];W[re];B[sc];W[sk];B[sd]LB[og:a]C[A ko fight, but Black wins, as he has the ko threat at 'a'.])))
(;W[rg]N[(b)];B[pg];W[rh];B[qc];W[rc];B[qb];W[rb]LB[re:a]C[White must play 14 because of the threat of Black 'a'.];B[jc])))
(;B[qc]N[(c)]LB[re:a][pg:b][rc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are not recommended.]
(;W[re]N[(a)]LB[pc:a][rc:b]C[Black continues with 'a', possibly 'b' if corner territory is important.]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[pg])
(;B[rc]N[(b)];W[mc];B[oc];W[pg];B[nf];W[jc]))
(;W[pg]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pd];W[qe];B[rc];W[of];B[ld])
(;W[rc]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (c)];B[pd];W[re];B[pg])))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki (c)];B[re]LB[ob:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake. Playing elsewhere ('c') is unfavorable.]
(;W[ob]LB[pc:a][mc:b]C[Joseki continues with Black 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]LB[lc:a][pb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is big, but White loses aji of a play on the right (threatening to extract White 2).]N[(a)]
(;W[lc]N[(a)];B[]C[Black plays elsewhere.]N[Black tenuki];W[qc]C[This demonstrates the aji of White 2.];B[pb];W[pd];B[oc];W[qf];B[qe];W[pe]C[And White can live or get to the center.])
(;W[pb]N[(b)];B[qc]LB[lc:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[lc]CR[rg]C[White has lost the aji of a forcing move at the mark.]N[(a)])
(;W[nd]N[(b)]C[White 9 was played by Takagawa against Segawa in the 1952 Honinbo lead.];B[ld];W[ne];B[mb]C[Black 12 is a nicely timed forcing move.];W[nc];B[ic])))
(;B[mc]N[not good (b)]LB[pd:a][mb:b]C[Black 6 is not recommended.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is also playable, but give Black better thickness.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[oc];W[pb];B[pe];W[nb];B[le];W[rd]C[Black's thickness is not impressive, and White is nicely settled considering the move elsewhere.])
(;W[mb]N[(b)];B[lc];W[oc];B[pd];W[qc];B[qe];W[nc];B[nd];W[lb];B[kc])))
(;W[oc]C[White 5 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[nc]LB[pc:a][ob:b][nd:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White 'c' is somewhat a trick play.]
(;W[pc]N[(a)]C[White ends up living in the corner in gote.];B[nb];W[rd];B[qe];W[pd];B[oe];W[ob])
(;W[ob]N[(b)]LB[pd:a][nb:b]C[Black 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[pc];B[nb]LB[rd:a][qe:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' are possible continuations.]
(;W[rd];B[qe];W[qb])
(;W[qe];B[qc];W[rc];B[qb];W[rb];B[pb];W[rd];B[qf];W[pe];B[oe];W[rf];B[rg];W[se]
;B[qh]))
(;B[nb]N[(b)];W[pd];B[oe];W[rd];B[qe];W[pc]))
(;W[nd]N[(c)]LB[pd:a][oe:b][pc:c]C[White attempts to pull a trick with 7.

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is tolerable if Black has the ladder, but not recommended. Black 'c' is a mistake.]
(;B[pd];W[pc];B[nb];W[qe];B[qf];W[rd];B[rf];W[qb];B[ob];W[pb];B[md];W[ne];B[pe]LB[rb:a][me:b]C[White must play 'a' to save the corner. Anywhere else is a mistake, including 'b'.]

(;W[rb]C[White must play 21 to save the corner.]N[(a)];B[me])
(;W[me]C[White 21 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[ld]LB[rb:a][nh:b]C[White must play 'a'. White 'b' or anywhere else spells death for the White corner stones.]
(;W[rb]N[(a)];B[le];W[mg])
(;W[nh]C[White 23 is a fatal mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[rc]C[Black 24 kills White's corner stones.])))
(;B[oe]LB[nb:a][mc:b]C[Black 8 is only possible if Black has the ladder to the lower left, but Black 8 is still not recommended: why give an opportunity for a ladder block if not necessary?

White must play 'a' if the ladder is unfavorable. If White has ladder, White continues with 'b'.]
(;W[nb]C[White plays 9 when the ladder to the lower left favors Black.]N[Black ladder (a)];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc];W[pc])
(;W[mc]C[White plays 9 if the ladder is favorable, in which case Black has made a mistake.]N[White ladder (b)];B[nb];W[mb];B[ob];W[pc];B[md];W[ne];B[nf];W[me];B[ld];W[pb];B[lf]C[Black must squeeze, but the result is unsatisfactory for Black.]
;W[oa];B[le];W[na]))
(;B[pc]N[mistake (c)]C[Black 8 is a mistake.];W[ob];B[pd];W[pb];B[qc];W[mc])))
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere a second time, not good at all.]N[White tenuki: mistake (c)];B[ob]C[White may have played three good points elsewhere, but being captured like this is unfavorable.])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere again.]N[White tenuki (d)];B[ob]C[Even though White has had three plays elsewhere, being captured on a large scale like this is likely to be unfavorable.]))
(;W[rf]C[White 4 is a half-hearted move; White is too low.]N[not good (d)];B[qc];W[rc];B[pc]LB[qh:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[kc])
(;W[rb]C[White 8 gives White a needlessly low position.]N[mistake (b)];B[qe]LB[re:a][rd:b]C[White 'a' is bad enough. White 'b' is worse.]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[pd];W[rd];B[kc])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[ph]))))
(;B[pg]LB[dp:a][qf:b][oc:c]C[Black presses on a large scale with 3, like a samurai brandishing a sword. Black aims at an immediate lead, so White must be cautious.

White best response is to play elsewhere ('a'), but may locally continue with 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]N[ogeima-takabasami (high large knight pincer) (d)]
(;W[]N[White tenuki (a)]C[White's best response is to play elsewhere. Black follows up with 'a' to emphasize the top or 'b' to emphasize the right side.]
(;B[qc]LB[rc:a][re:b][qf:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'. White is confined to the corner with 'a', and escapes to the side with 'b' or 'c'.  White 'b' leaves some thinness for White.]N[Black top (a)]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[pc];W[re];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg];W[qh];B[qg];W[qb];B[pb];W[rb])
(;W[re]N[(b)];B[rc];W[qh])
(;W[qf]LB[pd:a][pf:b]N[(c)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[re];B[rc];W[qh])
(;B[pf]N[(b)];W[rc];B[pc];W[re])))
(;B[qf]LB[pc:a][ob:b][oc:c]C[White continues with 'a' to live in the corner, or 'b' or 'c' to sacrifice the corner for a postion at top.]N[Black right (b)]
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[oc];W[ob];B[nb];W[pb])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[pc];W[pb];B[qc];W[lc])
(;W[oc]N[(c)];B[pc];W[pd];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[ob];B[rd];W[qb];B[sc];W[pb];B[rc];W[nd]
;B[oe];W[kc])))
(;W[qf]LB[pf:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(b)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[oc];B[nc];W[pc];B[md];W[qg];B[ph])
(;B[qg]N[(b)];W[oe];B[pe];W[pd];B[ne]LB[oc:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oc]LB[of:a][nd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[of]N[(a)];W[nc]LB[qe:a][rf:b]C[Black 'a' and White 'b' are large points that remain.])
(;B[nd]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[nc];B[ld];W[mc];B[lf]))
(;W[of]C[White 10 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pf];W[oc];B[nd];W[nc];B[ld];W[mc];B[lf]C[Black's thickness is superior to White's territory. The two White stones are forfeit.])))
(;W[oc]C[White 4 is risky.]N[risky (c)];B[pc];W[pd];B[qc];W[rc];B[rb];W[rd];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb]LB[mc:a][oe:b]C[White 'a' is bad, White 'b' worse.]

(;W[mc]N[bad (a)];B[oe];W[sb];B[qb];W[rg];B[rh];W[qg];B[qh];W[pf];B[of];W[pe];B[og];W[rf]C[Having to make life in gote is painful. White's three stones at top will suffer.]
)
(;W[oe]N[worse (b)];B[nd];W[mc];B[md];W[lc];B[ld];W[kc];B[kd];W[jc]LB[sb:a][jd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]N[okay (a)]
(;B[sb];W[nf];B[jd];W[id];B[ie];W[hd];B[of];W[pf];B[og];W[ne];B[ng];W[lf];B[kg]LB[mg:a]C[Keeping 'a' in reserve is a tesuji.]
;W[qg];B[qh];W[rg];B[rh];W[rf];B[lg];W[sg]LB[qe:a]C[White must play 42 or Black 'a' kills him.])
(;B[jd]LB[sb:a][id:b]C[Black 23 is a mistake. White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[sb];B[qa];W[ic]))))
(;B[qf]C[Black 3 is a special approach when Black is strong in the surrounding area.]N[ikken basami (1-space low pincer) (e)];W[pe];B[qc];W[rc];B[pc];W[re]LB[pg:a][kc:b][md:c][of:d]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'c' is not recommended. Black 'd' is a simple trick move.]
(;B[pg]LB[oe:a][pf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[md];W[ne];B[lc];W[ng])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[og];W[qg];B[qh];W[rg];B[rh];W[rf]))
(;B[kc]C[Black 9 renders the pincer meaningless, but the local result is equal.]N[(b)];W[oe];B[nd];W[qh])
(;B[md]C[Black 9 is not recommended, as White easily settles his group.]N[not good (c)];W[qg]LB[kc:a]C[White 10 is a tesuji that settles his group. White can now aim to play at 'a', so Black must extend to cover that. White can be satisfied to end in sente.])
(;B[of]C[Black 9 is the simplest of trick plays.]N[trick (d)];W[oe];B[ne];W[pf];B[pg]LB[qg:a][og:b][nf:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[og];W[qh];B[md])
(;W[og]N[mistake (b)]C[White 14 is a mistake.];B[qe])
(;W[nf]N[mistake (c)]C[White 14 is a mistake.];B[qe])))
(;B[qg]LB[pe:a][pf:b][qf:c]C[Black 3 is a trick play.  White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[nikken basami (2-space low pincer) (f)]
(;W[pe]LB[og:a][qc:b]N[kosumi (diagonal move) (a)]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'. Black 'a' leaves options for later play, while Black 'b' results in a more solid position. Both moves end with Black sente.]
(;B[og]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (a)];W[oe];B[md];W[ne])
(;B[qc]N[tsuke-hiki (attach to draw back) (b)];W[rc];B[pc];W[re];B[og];W[oe];B[md];W[me];B[ld];W[pj]))
(;W[pf]LB[pg:a][qc:b]N[keima (knight's move) (b)]C[Black may try 'a' or 'b'. Black 'b' abandons Black 3.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[oc]LB[nc:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[nc]N[(a)];W[pc];B[nd];W[qf];B[of]LB[og:a]C[There is later the cutting point at 'a'. Black may play 11 at 'a'.])
(;B[pc]N[mistake (b)];W[pd];B[qc]LB[nc:a][rc:b]C[White may continue with 'a' or 'b'. ]
(;W[nc]N[(a)];B[rd];W[oe];B[re];W[nd])
(;W[rc]N[(b)];B[rb];W[rd];B[ob];W[nc];B[nb];W[mc])))
(;B[qc]N[tsuke-hiki (attach to draw back) (b)];W[rc];B[pc];W[qf];B[rb];W[qi]))
(;W[qf]N[tobi-tsuke (jump-attach) (c)];B[pf];W[pg]C[See variation 5-1-3-2-2 for this joseki.]))
(;B[re]LB[qe:a][pe:b]C[White 'a' is correct. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[hikui katatsuki (low shoulder attack) (g)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[qf]LB[pf:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[pe]LB[rf:a][qg:b]C[White 'a' yields an equal result. White 'b' results in a big ko, the outcome uncertain.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[rh];B[of]LB[qi:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[qc];W[rd];B[pg];W[pc];B[oc];W[qb];B[pb];W[rc])
(;W[pd]N[(b)];B[pg];W[oc];B[nd];W[nc];B[mc];W[pc];B[ld]))
(;W[qg]N[big ko (b)];B[rf];W[rg];B[rd];W[qc];B[rc];W[rb];B[qb];W[pb];B[qa]LB[pc:a][pa:b]C[White continues at 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake, as White ends in a big loss.]

(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[sb];W[oe];B[of];W[pd];B[pg];W[ne];B[pe])
(;W[pa]N[mistake (b)];B[pc];W[ra];B[qb];W[qa];B[of];W[pg];B[ob])))
(;W[pe]C[This normally bad shape is a calm play here.]N[guzumi (good empty triangle) (b)];B[rd];W[qc];B[ne];W[pf];B[qg];W[nf];B[mf];W[ng]LB[me:a][qj:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' invites a cut at 'a' and a subsequent loss.]
(;B[me]N[(a)];W[qi])
(;B[qj]N[mistake (b)];W[me];B[le];W[md];B[ld];W[mc];B[lc];W[lb];B[kb];W[nb])))
(;W[pe]C[White 4 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[qc]LB[rc:a][rd:b]C[White 'a' and 'b' both give bad results for White.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[rd];W[pc];B[qb];W[pd];B[rb])
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[rc];W[rf];B[pd];W[qe];B[lc]))))
(;W[qc]LB[qe:a][pc:b][pe:c][qd:d]N[san-san kakari (3-3 attack) (b)]TR[jc]C[White plays the 3-3 when Black has a stone at top such as marked.

Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.
Black 'd' is not recommended.

Outcomes:
'a' - White corner, Black thickness.
'b' - White on the right, Black top.
'c' - White corner, Black sente.
'd' - Black choice; ladder is important.
]
(;B[qe]N[keima basami (knight's move pincer) (a)]C[White lives in the corner. Black gets thickness.];W[pd];B[pe];W[oc];B[nc]LB[nb:a][nd:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is vulgar.

Also, check the continuations at 5-1-3-2-2-2.]
(;W[nb]LB[nd:a][mc:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[nd]N[(a)];W[mb]AE[rb][rc];B[rc]C[Black 11 is post-joseki.];W[rb];B[pb];W[pc];B[rd];W[qb])
(;B[mc]C[Black 9 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[mb];B[lc]LB[oe:a]C[White has sente, and Black is left with the cutting point at 'a'.]))
(;W[nd]N[zoku-suji (bad style) (b)]C[White 8 is insensible. This move helps Black fix his shape.];B[oe]LB[nb:a][mc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' may be played if there is no Black extension (as shown).]
(;W[nb]N[(a)]AB[jc]C[White plays 10 is Black has an extension at top as shown.];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc]C[Black has superior thickness. White 8 is no threat; better to have reserved the cutting point at Black 9 (see variation 5-2-1-1-2).])
(;W[mc]N[(b)]C[White may try 10 if there is no Black stone at top.];B[nb]MA[jc];W[ld]MA[jc];B[rc]MA[jc];W[ob]MA[jc];B[ne]MA[jc];W[md]MA[jc]
;B[qb]MA[jc])))
(;B[pc]C[Black must have a stone at top to play this way.]N[kosumi-tsuke (diagonal attachment) (b)];W[qd]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]LB[of:a][pe:b]
(;B[of]N[ikken tobi (1-space jump) (a)];W[qg])
(;B[pe]N[katastsuki (diagonal attack) (b)];W[rf]LB[pg:a][qg:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is an overplay.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qh];B[je])
(;B[qg]N[not good (b)]LB[qf:a][rg:b]C[Black 7 is an overplay. A fight ensues.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is timid.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[pf];W[pg];B[qh];W[og]C[Unless Black has support, the fight favors White.])
(;W[rg]C[White 8 is faint-hearted.]N[weak (b)];B[qh]LB[qf:a][pf:b][pg:c]C[White 'a', Black 'b', the White cut of 'c' is not longer much of a threat.]))))
(;B[pe]N[kosumi (diagonal move) (c)]LB[ob:a][re:b][dp:c]C[Black 3 seems vague, as it does not much affect White 2, but is a steady move to create thickness. Further, White does not have an easy continuation.

Black plays this way to get sente.

Locally, White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White can consider these two points miai, and play elsewhere ('c').]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[qd]LB[pc:a][rc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[pc]LB[mc:a][qi:b][nb:c]N[(a)]C[The joseki ends.

Black continues at 'a' locally, or extends down the right side.

Black 'c' is an overplay.]
(;B[mc]C[Black 7 is a logical continuation at top.]N[(a)])
(;B[qi]C[A possible Black extension on the right.]N[(b)])
(;B[nb]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[nc];B[oc];W[mb];B[pb];W[na];B[qb];W[nd]LB[rc:a][ne:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rc]N[(a)])
(;B[ne]N[mistake (b)]C[Black 15 is a mistake because the aji of the two White stones can result in a huge ko or outright loss.];W[rc]C[White 16 leads to a favorable ko for White at worst.];B[rb]LB[pd:a][rd:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[oe];W[rd]LB[qe:a][re:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[re];B[rf]LB[sf:a][sb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[sf]LB[sg:a][rg:b][sc:c]C[Black 'a' gives a ko favorable to White. 

Black 'b' leads to an outright loss for Black in the corner, but preserves influence. 

Black 'c' is an outright mistake.]N[(a)]
(;B[sg]N[ko (a)]C[Black 25 gives a ko favorable to White.];W[rg];B[se];W[qf];B[sc];W[sf]CR[rf]C[White wins, as connecting at the marked spot gives White the corner and destroys Black's thickness.])
(;B[rg]C[Black 25 gives away the three stones, but preserves influence.]N[(b)];W[sb];B[ra]LB[pa:a][sc:b]C[Black 27 gives Black the most liberties possible.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pa]N[(a)];B[se]LB[oa:a][sc:b][sd:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is a mistake.]
(;W[oa]N[(a)])
(;W[sc]N[(b)];B[sg];W[oa];B[sf];W[qa])
(;W[sd]C[White 30 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[sg];W[oa];B[se]C[White must find a ko threat.]))
(;W[sc]C[White 28 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pa]C[Black 29 seals White's fate.];W[oa];B[se];W[sd]))
(;B[sc]C[Black 25 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];W[rg];B[qf];W[se]))
(;W[sb]N[mistake (b)]C[White 24 is a mistake.];B[se];W[sc];B[ra];W[pa];B[sf];W[oa];B[sd]))
(;B[re]N[(b)];W[qe];B[qf]C[See for 5-2-3-1-1-3-2-2 continuation.]))
(;W[rd]N[(b)];B[re];W[pd];B[oe];W[qe];B[qf];W[sb];B[ra]LB[sc:a][pa:b]C[Black 25 gives Black the most possible liberties.

White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[sc]N[(a)];B[pa];W[oa];B[qd]C[White must find the first ko.])
(;W[pa]N[(b)];B[qd];W[se];B[sf];W[qe]LB[rf:a][sd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[sc];B[sd];W[oa];B[qd];W[se])
(;B[sd]N[(b)]LB[oa:a][sc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oa]N[(a)];B[se];W[qa])
(;W[sc]C[White 32 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[se];W[oa];B[qd]C[White must find a ko threat.])))))))
(;W[rc]C[White 6 overemphasizes the corner.]N[mistake (b)];B[nb]LB[oc:a][nc:b]C[Black 7 is a severe move. White must continue with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)]C[White has no choice but to seek life in the corner this way.];B[nc];W[rd];B[re]
(;W[pc]N[(a)]C[White 12 is necessary.];B[nd])
(;W[nd]C[White 12 is a mistake. Black gets a ko fight for White's group in the corner.]N[mistake (b)];B[oa]C[A ko fight ensues.]))
(;W[nc]C[White 8 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pb];W[oc];B[pc])))
(;W[re]N[(b)])
(;W[]N[White tenuki (c)]TR[jc]C[White plays elsewhere. This is not recommended if Black has an extension at top as marked.];B[qd]LB[ob:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ob]LB[mc:a][rc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]N[(a)]
(;B[rc]N[(a)];W[mc])
(;B[mc]N[(b)];W[rc]))
(;W[pc]N[(a)];B[oc];W[rb]C[White 7 is a tesuji to live in the corner.];B[rd];W[ob];B[nb]LB[qa:a][pa:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' leaves White open to a ko threat.]
(;W[qa]N[(a)])
(;W[pa]C[Black can force a ko if White plays 11 here.]N[ko (b)]))))
(;B[qd]C[Black 3 is possible, but is not recommended.]N[not good (d)];W[qe]LB[pd:a][rd:b]C[Black 4 is better than a hane below Black 3 ('b').

Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is unthinkable.]
(;B[pd]N[(a)];W[rd]LB[rc:a][re:b]C[Black plays 'a' when the ladder to capture White 4 is favorable. If that ladder is unfavorable, Black plays 'b'.]
(;B[rc]N[Black ladder (a)];W[rb];B[re];W[sc];B[qf]LB[ob:a][dp:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White cannot afford to play elsewhere ('b').]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[pe])
(;W[]C[White plays elsewhere, a mistake.]N[White tenuki: mistake (b)];B[pb];W[qb]))
(;B[re]C[Black plays this way when White 4 cannot be caught in a ladder.]N[White ladder (b)];W[rf];B[rc];W[se];B[qb];W[ph]C[White gets a nice position on the right.]))
(;B[rd]C[Black 5 is unreasonable.]N[mistake (b)];W[pd]LB[pc:a][pe:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai. White gains advantage either way.]))))
(;B[nc]N[oomokuhazushi (6-3)]C[The large mokuhazushi point (6-3), a remnant of the "new fuseki" movement in Japan in the 1930's. As an initial corner point, its popular usage has not stood the test of time.];W[qd]LB[qc:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qc]LB[rc:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[rc]LB[pc:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)]LB[re:a][pf:b][rb:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[re]N[(a)])
(;W[pf]N[(b)];B[rb];W[qi])
(;W[rb]N[(c)];B[qf];W[qe];B[pf];W[od];B[mc];W[oc];B[ob];W[ne];B[kd]))
(;B[pd]N[(b)]LB[qe:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qe]LB[pc:a][rb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]N[(a)];W[rb])
(;B[rb]N[(b)]LB[qb:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' (a forcing move). White 'b' is a change of direction that results in Black's favor.]
(;W[qb]C[White 8 is a simple forcing move.]N[(a)];B[pc];W[sb];B[pf])
(;W[pc]C[White 8 aims to take the top, but is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[qb];W[od];B[pe];W[oc];B[oe];W[nd];B[qf];W[rf];B[rg]LB[pf:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]

(;W[pf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[nf];B[of];W[og];B[pg];W[ne];B[pf];W[oh])
(;W[qg]C[White plays 18 to fight for life with a ko.]N[(b)];B[pf];W[re];B[rh];W[sb];B[sd];W[sc];B[sf];W[rd];B[sg];W[se];B[sa]
;W[ra];B[qa]))))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[qb];W[pe];B[od];W[re];B[rb];W[sb];B[pb];W[pg])))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pd]LB[qb:a][od:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[rc];W[od];B[pe];W[oc];B[rb];W[pg];B[of]LB[nd:a][og:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[nd];B[og];W[kc];B[ph])
(;W[og];B[nf];W[mc];B[qe];W[rf];B[re];W[qk]))
(;W[od]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[pe]LB[qb:a][oc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qb]N[(a)];B[oc];W[rc];B[pb];W[qc];B[ne])
(;W[oc]N[(b)];B[qe];W[qb];B[rd];W[rc];B[ld];W[nd];B[qi]))))
(;B[qb]N[(b)]LB[qg:a][ph:b][pd:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[kc])
(;W[ph]N[(b)];B[ne];W[pd];B[oc];W[rb];B[jc])
(;W[pd]N[(c)];B[oc];W[qh];B[rc];W[rd])))
(;B[nd]N[ootakamoku (6-4)]LB[pd:a][qd:b][pc:c][qc:d][qe:e][pe:f]C[The large takamoku (high) point (6-4), experimented with during the "new fuseki" movement in Japan in the 1930's. This point is seldom played as the initial corner point nowadays.

White continues with 'a' to 'f'.]
(;W[pd]LB[pf:a][pe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pf]N[(a)]C[See variation 3-2-5.])
(;B[pe]N[(b)];W[qe]LB[qf:a][pf:b][qd:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'. ]
(;B[qf]LB[oe:a][qd:b][pf:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is an overplay.]N[(a)]
(;W[oe]N[(a)];B[pf];W[od];B[qd];W[qc];B[re];W[rd])
(;W[qd]N[(b)]LB[pf:a][oe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[od];B[ne];W[nb];B[mb];W[ob];B[mc])
(;B[oe]N[(b)];W[rf];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh]))
(;W[pf]C[White 6 is an overplay.]N[mistake (c)];B[oe];W[qg];B[rf];W[qd];B[qh];W[of];B[rg];W[nf];B[nc];W[pb];B[kd]
))
(;B[pf]N[(b)]LB[od:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[ne];W[qf]LB[qg:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]
(;B[qg]N[(a)];W[qd];B[pg];W[nb];B[nc];W[ob];B[lc])
(;B[qd]C[Black 9 is not recommended, as Black gains no advantage.]N[not good (b)];W[qc];B[rd];W[rc];B[qg];W[re]MA[pg]C[Black still has to cover the potential cutting point. This variation is not favorable to Black.]))
(;W[qf]N[not good (b)]C[White 6 is not recommended.];B[qd];W[pc];B[rd];W[qg];B[qb];W[pb];B[qc];W[oe];B[pg];W[od];B[qh]
;W[rh];B[qi]C[The Black group in the corner may not live, but White is split in two, and the White group at right must crawl along the second line, to gain liberties, giving Black favorable thickness.]))
(;B[qd]N[(c)]C[Black 5 results in Black building a moyo on the right, while White builds a moyo at top.];W[qc];B[rd];W[oe];B[pf];W[od];B[rc];W[pb];B[qf];W[of];B[og];W[ng]
;B[oh];W[nh];B[oi];W[jd];B[ni];W[lh])))
(;W[qd]N[(b)];B[qc]LB[rc:a][pc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rc]LB[pc:a][pd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;B[pc]LB[re:a][qg:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[re]N[(a)];B[jc])
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[rb];W[qj]))
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[pe];B[pc];W[re];B[oe];W[pf]))
(;W[pc]N[(b)];B[pd]LB[od:a][rc:b][pb:c]C[White continues with 'a' to take the corner or top, 'b' to emphasize the right, or 'c' to take the corner..]
(;W[od]C[White 6 emphasizes the corner or top.];B[pe];W[oc];B[oe]LB[rc:a][qb:b]C[White continues with 'a' to take the corner, or 'b' to emphasize the top.]
(;W[rc]N[(a)];B[qb];W[rb]LB[qe:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[rd];B[nc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qa];B[mf])
(;B[rd]N[(b)];W[qe];B[qf];W[re];B[rf];W[sd];B[nc];W[pb];B[ob];W[qa];B[ne]))
(;W[qb]N[(b)];B[rc];W[rb];B[rd];W[mb];B[qj]))
(;W[rc]C[White 6 emphasizes the right.]N[(b)];B[qb];W[pe];B[od];W[re];B[rb];W[sb];B[ob];W[pg])
(;W[pb]N[(c)]LB[qb:a][qe:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b', but 'a' is preferred.]
(;B[qb]LB[rd:a][rb:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[oc];W[pe];B[od];W[rb];B[ob];W[rc];B[pa];W[qh])
(;W[rb]N[(b)];B[rc];W[rd]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]LB[sb:a][ra:b]
(;B[sb]N[(a)];W[ra];B[qa];W[nb]LB[pe:a][od:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.];B[pe]LB[sd:a][qf:b][rf:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' and 'c' are mistakes.]
(;W[sd]LB[qe:a][mb:b]C[Black plays 'a' to emphasize the right, 'b' to emphasize the top.]N[(a)]
(;B[qe]C[Black 17 emphasizes the right.]N[Black right (a)];W[sc];B[sa];W[rb];B[re];W[ra];B[se];W[pa])
(;B[mb]N[Black top (b)]C[Black 17 emphasizes the top.];W[sc];B[sa];W[rb];B[nc]))
(;W[qf]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[mb];W[sd];B[sa];W[qe];B[oc];W[ob];B[nc])
(;W[rf]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (c)];B[qf];W[re];B[mb];W[sd];B[nc];W[ob];B[qh]))
(;B[od]C[Black 15 is not recommended, though White must play correctly to get a favorable result.

White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]N[not good (b)]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[ob];W[oc];B[nc];W[oa];B[mb];W[lb];B[sa];W[pa]
(;B[pf]N[(a)];W[pe];B[oe];W[qe];B[qg];W[rg];B[rh];W[pg];B[of];W[qh];B[ma];W[mc];B[lc]
;W[md];B[kb];W[ld];B[la];W[mg])
(;B[ma]N[(b)];W[mc];B[lc];W[md];B[kb]LB[ld:a][ne:b]C[White plays 'a' for thickness and the right side, or 'b' to take the top at the expense of the right side.]
(;W[ld]N[(a)]C[White plays 30 for thickness and the right side.];B[la];W[ne];B[pe];W[pf];B[na])
(;W[ne]C[White plays 30 to take the top.]N[(b)];B[me];W[ld];B[nf];W[kc];B[la];W[jb];B[lc];W[pe];B[oe];W[of];B[ne]
;W[lb];B[og];W[ka];B[qg];W[rg];B[pf];W[rf])))
(;W[sd]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[sa];W[mb];B[qe];W[rf];B[re];W[se];B[qf];W[rg];B[qh]LB[rh:a][qg:b]C[White dies quickly with 'a', or crawls along the second line (the "line of defeat") with 'b' to live in agony.]

(;W[rh]N[(a)];B[sf]C[White dies.];W[sg];B[sc];W[sf];B[ri])
(;W[qg]N[(b)];B[pg];W[pf];B[pe];W[ph];B[og];W[rh];B[sf];W[sg];B[qi];W[ri];B[qj];W[rj]
;B[qk];W[rk];B[ql];W[rl];B[qm]))))
(;B[ra]C[Black 11 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[sb];B[sc]LB[pa:a][nb:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pa]N[(a)];B[pe]
(;W[qa]N[(a)];B[sa];W[rb]LB[re:a][oc:b]C[Black plays 'a' to emphasize the right, 'b' to emphasize the top.]
(;B[re]N[(a)];W[sb];B[qe];W[sd])
(;B[oc]N[(b)];W[]C[White plays elsewhere.]N[White tenuki];B[ob];W[sb];B[oa];W[sd]))
(;W[rf]C[White 16 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[sa]LB[re:a][oc:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.]))
(;W[nb]C[White 14 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];B[pe]LB[qf:a][rf:b]C[White may try 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qf]N[(a)];B[mb];W[pa];B[qe];W[re];B[rf];W[rg];B[oc])
(;W[rf];B[sa]LB[re:a][mb:b]C['a' and 'b' are miai.])))))
(;B[qe]N[(b)];W[rd];B[pe];W[rc]))))
(;W[pc]N[(c)];B[pd];W[qc]LB[oc:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' to emphasize the top, 'b' to emphasize the right side.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)];W[qd];B[pe];W[qe];B[pf];W[qg])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[od];B[oe];W[oc];B[ne];W[nc];B[ld];W[pe];B[pf];W[qe];B[rd];W[rf];B[rg]
;W[re];B[qh]))
(;W[qc]N[(d)]
(;B[qe]N[(a)])
(;B[pd]N[(b)];W[re];B[pc];W[qb];B[qf]LB[rf:a][qe:b]C[White continues with 'a' peaceably, or 'b' to cut.]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[qg];W[pb])
(;W[qe]N[kiri (cut) (b)];B[pe];W[pf];B[qh];W[of];B[rf];W[pb];B[qd];W[rd];B[ob];W[sc];B[ld])))
(;W[qe]N[(e)];B[pd];W[rc];B[pf];W[qf];B[pg];W[rh])
(;W[pe]N[(f)];B[pd];W[qd];B[qc]))
(;B[oe]LB[qc:a][qd:b][qe:c][qf:d][pd:e]N[go-go (5-5 point)]C[The 5-5 was experimented with briefly during the "New Fuseki" movement in Japan in the 1930s. The 5-5 point has not retained popularity because the 4-4 hoshi (star) point strikes a better balance between influence and territory. As one can see from the variations, though, the 5-5 is playable.

White responds with 'a' to 'e'.]
(;W[qc]N[(a)]LB[oc:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[oc]LB[qe:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]N[(a)]
(;W[qe]N[(a)];B[pg])
(;W[qf]N[(b)]LB[pg:a][qb:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[pg]N[(a)];W[qg];B[ph];W[qh];B[pi])
(;B[qb]N[(b)];W[rb];B[qd];W[pc];B[pd];W[rd];B[pb];W[rc];B[pg])))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[pb];B[qd];W[oc];B[pd];W[rb];B[rc];W[qb];B[nc]))
(;W[qd]N[(b)]LB[qe:a][pc:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]LB[re:a][pe:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' gives Black great thickness to the top, though White gets good territory.]N[(a)]
(;W[re]LB[pe:a][rf:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;B[pe]LB[rf:a][qf:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended.]N[(a)]
(;W[rf]N[(a)];B[oc];W[pc];B[ob])
(;W[qf]N[(b)]LB[rf:a][rd:b]C[Black continues with 'a'. Black 'b' is a mistake.]
(;B[rf]N[(a)];W[rg];B[rd];W[sf];B[qc])
(;B[rd]C[Black 7 is a mistake.]N[mistake (b)];W[rc];B[rf];W[sd];B[qg];W[oc])))
(;B[rf]C[Black 5 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];W[pe];B[qf];W[pd];B[pf];W[od];B[ne];W[nd];B[me];W[lc]))
(;W[pe]C[White 4 gives Black great thickness towards the top, while White gets solid territory at right.]N[not good (b)];B[pd];W[pf];B[qc];W[rd];B[od];W[rc];B[og]LB[pg:a][of:b]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is a mistake.]
(;W[pg]N[(a)];B[ph];W[qh];B[of];W[pi];B[oh];W[qg])
(;W[of]C[White's attempt to make cutting points in Black's shape does not work well, and Black gets better access to the right than in the alternate variation.]N[mistake (b)];B[nf];W[qf];B[ng])))
(;B[pc]N[(b)];W[qc];B[pf]LB[pd:a][rf:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[od]LB[oc:a][ob:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[oc]N[(a)];B[nc];W[pb];B[ob];W[rf])
(;W[ob]N[(b)];B[oc];W[pb];B[nb];W[rf];B[mc];W[qg]))
(;W[rf]N[(b)];B[pb];W[qg];B[kc])))
(;W[qe]N[(c)]LB[oc:a][qd:b][qf:c]C[Black continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;B[oc]N[(a)]LB[qh:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[qh]N[(a)];B[qc])
(;W[qc]N[(b)];B[pg];W[rg];B[jd]))
(;B[qd]N[(b)]LB[rd:a][pd:b]C[White continues with 'a' to settle on the right, or 'b' to start a fight.]
(;W[rd]N[(a)];B[pd]LB[qg:a][qc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.

White 'a' emphasizes the right side. With 'b', White settles his stones in sente.]
(;W[qg]N[(a)];B[rc];W[qj])
(;W[qc]C[White 6 is played if White wants sente.]N[(b)];B[pc];W[rb];B[qb];W[rc];B[qf];W[re];B[pf]))
(;W[pd]C[As always, White 4 is a fighting move.]N[(b)];B[pe];W[qc];B[rd];W[qf];B[pc];W[od];B[qb];W[oc];B[pb];W[md];B[ne]
;W[ld];B[pi];W[qh];B[og];W[qi];B[pj];W[qk];B[id]))
(;B[qf]N[(c)]C[Black 3 emphasizes the right side, though White has the choice of that.];W[rf];B[pf]LB[pd:a][qg:b][qc:c]C[White continues with 'a'. White 'b' is not recommended. White 'c' is very loose.]
(;W[pd]N[(a)];B[rg];W[od];B[re];W[rd];B[sf];W[md])
(;W[qg]C[White 6 is not recommended.]N[not good (b)];B[rg];W[rh];B[re];W[sg];B[qd];W[pg];B[jd])
(;W[qc]C[White 6 is a loose way of playing.]N[(c)];B[rg];W[nc];B[rd])))
(;W[qf]C[White forsakes the corner for the right.]N[(d)];B[qd]LB[qi:a][nc:b][oc:c]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'. White 'c' is not recommended.]
(;W[qi]N[(a)];B[nc])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[pc])
(;W[oc]C[White 4 is not recommended. White cannot have it both ways.]N[not good (c)];B[od];W[pc]CR[nc]C[Here is the real overplay, but going the other way (the marked location) makes little sense.];B[qe];W[lc];B[qc];W[pg];B[ob];W[pb];B[nc];W[nb]
;B[mb];W[oa];B[mc];W[qb];B[rb];W[qa]LB[ld:a][jc:b]C[Locally, Black may next address White 8. Depending upon circumstances, 'a' and 'b' are possibilities.]))
(;W[pd]N[(e)];B[pe]LB[qd:a][qe:b][oc:c]C[White continues with 'a' to 'c'.]
(;W[qd]N[(a)];B[qe]LB[od:a][nc:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[od]N[(a)];B[nd];W[nc];B[mc];W[nb];B[mb];W[pb];B[md])
(;W[nc]N[(b)];B[oc];W[od];B[nd]LB[ob:a][md:b]C[White continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;W[ob]N[(a)];B[mc];W[nb];B[md])
(;W[md]N[(b)];B[ne];W[mc];B[rd];W[pb];B[qb];W[pc];B[qc];W[ob])))
(;W[qe]N[(b)];B[qf];W[qd];B[od];W[rf];B[qg];W[rg];B[qh];W[ob];B[oc];W[pb];B[mc])
(;W[oc]N[(c)]LB[qe:a][qd:b]C[Black continues with 'a' or 'b'.]
(;B[qe]N[(a)];W[mc];B[qc];W[jc])
(;B[qd]N[(b)];W[qc];B[qe];W[rc];B[nc];W[nb];B[od];W[pc];B[mc];W[mb];B[lc])))))